Alexis Elira Dokekias, Josué Simo Louokdom, Letso Thibaut Ocko Gokaba, Firmine Olivia Galiba Atipo Tsiba Gokaba, Jayne Chelsea Bango, Lydie Ngolet Ocini, Clatere Itoua, James Taylor
Sickle-cell disease, a genetic condition with a high prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa, is transmitted in an autosomal recessive mode. Its screening during pregnancy makes it possible to identify carriers of the S gene which constitute a risk for the unborn child. In order to promote the use of immuno-chromatographic tests, we have set ourselves the task of establishing the epidemiological profile and determining the Emmel test performance. Analytical cross-sectional study of three months duration carried out in the 12 departments of Congo in pregnant women, from 12 weeks of amenorrhea, Admitted for Antenatal Consultation (ANC). The studied variables were epidemiological, Emmel test and immuno-chromatographic profile of haemoglobin. 782 pregnant women screened, of which 27.88% were AS sickle cell trait and 1.79% homozygous SS. The median age of sickle cell patients was 29 years vs. 25 years (p=0.10). High education level, married status, history of transfusion and sickle cell disease, and high ANC number were more common in pregnant sickle cell patients (p<0.05).The frequency of sickle cell trait ranged from 16.67 to 31.17% and homozygous forms from 0 to 66.67% depending on the department. The sensitivity and specificity of the Emmel test were 46% and 99% with PPV and NPV of 95% and 81% respectively. Sickle cell disease carriage, which is high in both forms, is more often of interest to young, educated, married pregnant women and follow-up by health personnel other than the doctor in rural areas.
{"title":"Routine Screening for Sickle Cell Disease during Pregnancy: Epidemiological and Haemoglobin Profile in Congo.","authors":"Alexis Elira Dokekias, Josué Simo Louokdom, Letso Thibaut Ocko Gokaba, Firmine Olivia Galiba Atipo Tsiba Gokaba, Jayne Chelsea Bango, Lydie Ngolet Ocini, Clatere Itoua, James Taylor","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sickle-cell disease, a genetic condition with a high prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa, is transmitted in an autosomal recessive mode. Its screening during pregnancy makes it possible to identify carriers of the S gene which constitute a risk for the unborn child. In order to promote the use of immuno-chromatographic tests, we have set ourselves the task of establishing the epidemiological profile and determining the Emmel test performance. Analytical cross-sectional study of three months duration carried out in the 12 departments of Congo in pregnant women, from 12 weeks of amenorrhea, Admitted for Antenatal Consultation (ANC). The studied variables were epidemiological, Emmel test and immuno-chromatographic profile of haemoglobin. 782 pregnant women screened, of which 27.88% were AS sickle cell trait and 1.79% homozygous SS. The median age of sickle cell patients was 29 years vs. 25 years (p=0.10). High education level, married status, history of transfusion and sickle cell disease, and high ANC number were more common in pregnant sickle cell patients (p<0.05).The frequency of sickle cell trait ranged from 16.67 to 31.17% and homozygous forms from 0 to 66.67% depending on the department. The sensitivity and specificity of the Emmel test were 46% and 99% with PPV and NPV of 95% and 81% respectively. Sickle cell disease carriage, which is high in both forms, is more often of interest to young, educated, married pregnant women and follow-up by health personnel other than the doctor in rural areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":73850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neonatal biology","volume":"11 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9348352/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40694834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2167-0897.21.S5.309
V. Ten
{"title":"Editorial on Large Congenital Melanocytic Nevus","authors":"V. Ten","doi":"10.35248/2167-0897.21.S5.309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0897.21.S5.309","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neonatal biology","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69992956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2167-0897.20.9.272
P. Kunde, K. Sreekumar, Silveira Mp
Background: Evidence shows that neonates in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICUs) experience a significantly higher potential for medication errors and adverse events rate than do patients in other wards of the hospital. This necessitates the assessment of the safety culture in the (NICU) which can help to identify areas that can lead to errors in the unit. Methods: This was cross sectional study done in the Neonatal unit, where the pediatric postgraduates resident doctors (PGs) and nurses were surveyed regarding the safety practices. The Safety Attitude Questionnaire (SAQ) which is validated and has good psychometric properties was used. Mean and Standard deviations for the six domains (job satisfaction, safety climate, teamwork climate, working conditions, perception of management and stress recognition) was analysed and unpaired t test was used to compare the means. Results: Total of 31 responses was obtained (12 PGs and 19 nurses). Overall mean scores for the SAQ were 70.2 for PGs and 63.8 for nurses, suggesting an overall negative response. Mean scores for PGs ranged from 63 (working condition) to 82.8 (stress recognition) and for nurses 48.6 (working conditions) to 82.8 (job satisfaction). There was statistically significant difference between the PGs and nurses in the domain of job satisfaction with p value of 0.03. Rest of the domains showed no significant difference. Conclusion: The scores suggest an overall negative response regarding safety culture in NICU. The variations among the Postgraduates and nurses suggest that we need customise the policies for both groups when we attempt to improve the safety culture in the unit while focussing on promoting teamwork.
{"title":"Safety Culture in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: Comparing the Pediatric Postgraduates and Nurses Using the Safety Attitude Questionnaire","authors":"P. Kunde, K. Sreekumar, Silveira Mp","doi":"10.35248/2167-0897.20.9.272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0897.20.9.272","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Evidence shows that neonates in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICUs) experience a significantly higher potential for medication errors and adverse events rate than do patients in other wards of the hospital. This necessitates the assessment of the safety culture in the (NICU) which can help to identify areas that can lead to errors in the unit. Methods: This was cross sectional study done in the Neonatal unit, where the pediatric postgraduates resident doctors (PGs) and nurses were surveyed regarding the safety practices. The Safety Attitude Questionnaire (SAQ) which is validated and has good psychometric properties was used. Mean and Standard deviations for the six domains (job satisfaction, safety climate, teamwork climate, working conditions, perception of management and stress recognition) was analysed and unpaired t test was used to compare the means. Results: Total of 31 responses was obtained (12 PGs and 19 nurses). Overall mean scores for the SAQ were 70.2 for PGs and 63.8 for nurses, suggesting an overall negative response. Mean scores for PGs ranged from 63 (working condition) to 82.8 (stress recognition) and for nurses 48.6 (working conditions) to 82.8 (job satisfaction). There was statistically significant difference between the PGs and nurses in the domain of job satisfaction with p value of 0.03. Rest of the domains showed no significant difference. Conclusion: The scores suggest an overall negative response regarding safety culture in NICU. The variations among the Postgraduates and nurses suggest that we need customise the policies for both groups when we attempt to improve the safety culture in the unit while focussing on promoting teamwork.","PeriodicalId":73850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neonatal biology","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69991978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2167-0897.20.9.276
A. Giustardi, M. Benigni, M. Parotto, V. Zanardo
American Academy of Pediatrics AAP has included the LMA in their 2015 neonatal resuscitation Guidelines. However, limited studies have evaluated LMA efficacy in severely depressed newborns. In this case report, we present the successful resuscitation a severely asphyxiated (pH 6.89, ABE-15.4) vacuum extracted neonate who required prolonged positive pressure ventilation (15 minutes) via a Supreme Laryngeal Mask Airway™. In the current case, a neonatal LMA Supreme use, allowing prolonged ventilation and ultimately stabilization, contributed to successful resuscitation.
{"title":"LMA Supreme TM Airway for Prolonged Resuscitation of a Severely Asphyxiated Newborn","authors":"A. Giustardi, M. Benigni, M. Parotto, V. Zanardo","doi":"10.35248/2167-0897.20.9.276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0897.20.9.276","url":null,"abstract":"American Academy of Pediatrics AAP has included the LMA in their 2015 neonatal resuscitation Guidelines. However, limited studies have evaluated LMA efficacy in severely depressed newborns. In this case report, we present the successful resuscitation a severely asphyxiated (pH 6.89, ABE-15.4) vacuum extracted neonate who required prolonged positive pressure ventilation (15 minutes) via a Supreme Laryngeal Mask Airway™. In the current case, a neonatal LMA Supreme use, allowing prolonged ventilation and ultimately stabilization, contributed to successful resuscitation.","PeriodicalId":73850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neonatal biology","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69992485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2167-0897.20.9.E280
P. Arora
Vaccination stimulates a person’s immune system to produce immunity to a specific disease, protecting the person from that disease. Vaccines are usually administered through needle injections, but can also be administered by mouth or sprayed into the nose. While vaccines have been tremendously successful in reducing the incidence of serious infectious diseases, newborns remain particularly vulnerable in the first few months of their life to life-threatening infections. A number of challenges exist to neonatal vaccination. However, recent advances in the understanding of neonatal immunology offer insights to overcome many of those challenges.
{"title":"Editorial Note of Journal of Neonatal Biology","authors":"P. Arora","doi":"10.35248/2167-0897.20.9.E280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0897.20.9.E280","url":null,"abstract":"Vaccination stimulates a person’s immune system to produce immunity to a specific disease, protecting the person from that disease. Vaccines are usually administered through needle injections, but can also be administered by mouth or sprayed into the nose. While vaccines have been tremendously successful in reducing the incidence of serious infectious diseases, newborns remain particularly vulnerable in the first few months of their life to life-threatening infections. A number of challenges exist to neonatal vaccination. However, recent advances in the understanding of neonatal immunology offer insights to overcome many of those challenges.","PeriodicalId":73850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neonatal biology","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69992680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2167-0897.20.9.273
J. Muraskas, Pele Dina, Bianca Di Chiaro, B. Martin, S. Amin, J. Morrison
Background: We hypothesized that in the presence of an intrapartum hypoxic ischemic insult, redistribution of cardiac output away from the hepatic circulation will result in unique patterns of hepatic dysfunction dependent on the degree and duration of the hypoxic ischemic insult. We evaluated the rise and clearance of Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) in term newborns with three common patterns of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy as an adjunct biomarker in timing of fetal neurologic injury. Methods: We identified 230 term newborns with image proven hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy with profound neurologic impairment over a 30 year period from multiple institutions. Eighty four had liver transaminases in the first 72 hours of life to evaluate patterns of rise and clearance. Results: A total of 215 AST, 220 ALT and 204 NRBC values were collected. Similar to NRBC’s, the general trend was the more chronic asphyxia, the more elevated transaminases are shortly after birth with delayed clearance often beyond 48 hours of life. In acute profound intrapartum injury, liver transaminases demonstrated minimal rise with rapid normalization. There was no difference between groups regarding gender, gestational age and birthweight. Conclusion: No single proven biomarker is diagnostic of neonatal encephalopathy but newborn AST/ALT measured shortly after birth and daily for three days can provide additional evidence based medicine to confirm or refute allegation of acute intrapartum asphyxia.
{"title":"Newborn Liver Functions as an Adjunct Biomarker in Timing Fetal Neurologic Injury","authors":"J. Muraskas, Pele Dina, Bianca Di Chiaro, B. Martin, S. Amin, J. Morrison","doi":"10.35248/2167-0897.20.9.273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0897.20.9.273","url":null,"abstract":"Background: We hypothesized that in the presence of an intrapartum hypoxic ischemic insult, redistribution of cardiac output away from the hepatic circulation will result in unique patterns of hepatic dysfunction dependent on the degree and duration of the hypoxic ischemic insult. We evaluated the rise and clearance of Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) in term newborns with three common patterns of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy as an adjunct biomarker in timing of fetal neurologic injury. Methods: We identified 230 term newborns with image proven hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy with profound neurologic impairment over a 30 year period from multiple institutions. Eighty four had liver transaminases in the first 72 hours of life to evaluate patterns of rise and clearance. Results: A total of 215 AST, 220 ALT and 204 NRBC values were collected. Similar to NRBC’s, the general trend was the more chronic asphyxia, the more elevated transaminases are shortly after birth with delayed clearance often beyond 48 hours of life. In acute profound intrapartum injury, liver transaminases demonstrated minimal rise with rapid normalization. There was no difference between groups regarding gender, gestational age and birthweight. Conclusion: No single proven biomarker is diagnostic of neonatal encephalopathy but newborn AST/ALT measured shortly after birth and daily for three days can provide additional evidence based medicine to confirm or refute allegation of acute intrapartum asphyxia.","PeriodicalId":73850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neonatal biology","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69992362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2167-0897.20.9.275
Madhu Nadagouda, S. SiddarameshwarKalyanshettar, Patil Sv
Introduction: Pre-term birth is the main determinant of neonatal morbidity and mortality with long-term adverse health consequences. Infants born pre-term compared to term infants experience more difficulty with temperature instability, feeding intolerance, blood glucose regulation, jaundice, apnea, respiratory distress (RDS) and sepsis. Aim: To study the early neonatal morbidities of all pre-term neonates admitted in NICU and to know the immediate outcome during their stay. Also to compare rate of early morbidities and mortality among SGA and AGA pre-term neonates. Material and methods: It’s a prospective observational study carried out in a NICU of a Medical college in South India, for a period of 18 months. Preterm babies (less than 37 weeks gestation using Modified Ballard score) divided into SGA and AGA using growth charts. Total 100 preterm babies included of which SGA and AGA were 50 each. Neonates with TTN (Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn), Birth asphyxia, Neonatal sepsis, Hypoglycemia, Hypothermia, Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, Respiratory insufficiency, Feed intolerance were included in present study. Results: Hyperbilirubinemia constituted 61% of morbidities, among which 47.5% are AGA neonates and 52.5% are SGA neonates. 24 newborns presented with sepsis, 15 newborns with feed intolerance. 80 newborns had hypoxia at admission. RDS was commonly seen in AGA neonates when compared to SGA neonates. 6 babies among AGA and 8 among SGA had mortality. One baby was discharged AGAinst medical advice. Conclusion: Most common morbidities among the SGA neonates were sepsis, hyperbilirubinemia, feed intolerance, hypoglycemia, Apnea, PDA, hypoxia. AGA neonates had metabolic disorders and RDS.
{"title":"Early Morbidities and Mortality among SGA and AGA Preterm Neonates in South India","authors":"Madhu Nadagouda, S. SiddarameshwarKalyanshettar, Patil Sv","doi":"10.35248/2167-0897.20.9.275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0897.20.9.275","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Pre-term birth is the main determinant of neonatal morbidity and mortality with long-term adverse health consequences. Infants born pre-term compared to term infants experience more difficulty with temperature instability, feeding intolerance, blood glucose regulation, jaundice, apnea, respiratory distress (RDS) and sepsis. Aim: To study the early neonatal morbidities of all pre-term neonates admitted in NICU and to know the immediate outcome during their stay. Also to compare rate of early morbidities and mortality among SGA and AGA pre-term neonates. Material and methods: It’s a prospective observational study carried out in a NICU of a Medical college in South India, for a period of 18 months. Preterm babies (less than 37 weeks gestation using Modified Ballard score) divided into SGA and AGA using growth charts. Total 100 preterm babies included of which SGA and AGA were 50 each. Neonates with TTN (Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn), Birth asphyxia, Neonatal sepsis, Hypoglycemia, Hypothermia, Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, Respiratory insufficiency, Feed intolerance were included in present study. Results: Hyperbilirubinemia constituted 61% of morbidities, among which 47.5% are AGA neonates and 52.5% are SGA neonates. 24 newborns presented with sepsis, 15 newborns with feed intolerance. 80 newborns had hypoxia at admission. RDS was commonly seen in AGA neonates when compared to SGA neonates. 6 babies among AGA and 8 among SGA had mortality. One baby was discharged AGAinst medical advice. Conclusion: Most common morbidities among the SGA neonates were sepsis, hyperbilirubinemia, feed intolerance, hypoglycemia, Apnea, PDA, hypoxia. AGA neonates had metabolic disorders and RDS.","PeriodicalId":73850,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neonatal biology","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69992431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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