The novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has drawn attention to the possible transplacental transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and the consequences to the fetus and newborn, despite initial assumption that there was no possibility of coronavirus transmission from the mother to the fetus. More recently, cases of newborns infected with the novel coronavirus have been reported in the scientific community. We present three cases of pregnant women with positive SARS-CoV-2 antibody serology on admission to the Marcílio Dias Naval Hospital, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and the diagnostic tests performed on the newborns. RT-PCR tests were negative for all neonatal nasopharyngeal swab samples tested, although SARS-CoV-2 was detected in amniotic fluid and umbilical cord blood using nested PCR techniques, thus successfully demonstrating transplacental transmission. We suggest that nasopharyngeal swab PCR tests of neonates may have some limitations for the investigation of transplacental infection, therefore, this molecular test needs more attention for this kind of investigation.
{"title":"Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 Vertical Transmission through Nested RT-PCR Testing of Neonatal Samples: Three Case Reports","authors":"Maria Alice Fusco, Vinícius Mantini","doi":"10.26502/jppch.74050125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jppch.74050125","url":null,"abstract":"The novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has drawn attention to the possible transplacental transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and the consequences to the fetus and newborn, despite initial assumption that there was no possibility of coronavirus transmission from the mother to the fetus. More recently, cases of newborns infected with the novel coronavirus have been reported in the scientific community. We present three cases of pregnant women with positive SARS-CoV-2 antibody serology on admission to the Marcílio Dias Naval Hospital, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and the diagnostic tests performed on the newborns. RT-PCR tests were negative for all neonatal nasopharyngeal swab samples tested, although SARS-CoV-2 was detected in amniotic fluid and umbilical cord blood using nested PCR techniques, thus successfully demonstrating transplacental transmission. We suggest that nasopharyngeal swab PCR tests of neonates may have some limitations for the investigation of transplacental infection, therefore, this molecular test needs more attention for this kind of investigation.","PeriodicalId":73894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pediatrics, perinatology and child health","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69350307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. A. Mannan, Mosammad Alpana Jahan, Md. Arif Hossain, Afroza Islam Shuma, Sadeka Choudhury Moni, I. Jahan, Mohammad Kamrul Hassan Shabuj, M. Shahidullah
Journal of Pediatrics, Health Abstract Background: Sepsis is one of the leading causes of neonatal mortality worldwide. Shock is usually accompanied with sepsis. Documentation of presentations and causative organisms is crucial to manage the newborn with septic shock. Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the clinical profile and outcome of newborns with septic shock. Materials and methods: This retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Neonatology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh, from January 2019 to December 2020. A total of144 neonates with septic shock were included in this study. Hospitalized inborn and out born babies were enrolled. Baseline data of selected neonates were retrieved from the registry book. Time of onset of sepsis, presentation of shock with their management and hospital outcome were collected. Data were analyzed in SPSS version 20. Statistical analysis was performed to establish the relationship between neonatal variables and outcomes with septic shock. Results: Among 1086 admitted newborns, 536 (49.4%) developed sepsis, of which 144 (26.86%) newborns developed septic shock. The mean gestational age and birth weight were 34.32±2.88 wk and 1886.50±744.9g respectively. One hundred and eight newborns were premature and 90.3% developed sepsis at >72 hours of age. Newborns with septic shock were presented with tachycardia (100%), prolonged CRT (98.6%), cold peripheries (75%), low pulse volume (44.4%), and 38.9% newborns had low blood pressure. Culture-positive sepsis was 31.2% cases. One hundred newborns recovered from septic shock within 72 hours (69.4%) and 64.6% of newborns survived after septic shock. The predictors of outcome of mortality were male sex, age of onset of sepsis >72 hours, positive blood culture, mechanical ventilation and DIC. No variables were found significant in binary regression analysis. Conclusion: In this study, 26.86% (144/536) septic neonates developed septic shock in the course of NICU stay. The common presentation of shock in newborns were tachycardia, prolonged CRT, cold peripheries, low pulse volume and mottled skin; the incidence of hypotension was 38.9%. Neonatal death after the onset of septic shock was 35.4%. Early recognition and prompt management can improve the survival of neonates.
背景:脓毒症是全球新生儿死亡的主要原因之一。休克通常伴有败血症。文件的表现和病原生物是至关重要的管理新生儿感染性休克。目的:本研究的目的是描述新生儿感染性休克的临床特征和结局。材料与方法:本回顾性研究于2019年1月至2020年12月在孟加拉国达卡Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib医科大学(BSMMU)新生儿科进行。本研究共纳入144例新生儿感染性休克。住院的新生儿和外出出生的婴儿被纳入研究。所选新生儿的基线数据从登记簿中检索。收集脓毒症的发病时间、休克表现及其处理和医院结果。数据采用SPSS version 20进行分析。统计分析新生儿变量与脓毒性休克结局之间的关系。结果:1086例住院新生儿中发生败血症536例(49.4%)，其中发生感染性休克144例(26.86%)。平均胎龄34.32±2.88周，出生体重1886.50±744.9g。108名新生儿为早产儿，90.3%的新生儿在50 ~ 72小时时发生败血症。感染性休克新生儿表现为心动过速(100%)、CRT延长(98.6%)、外周血冷(75%)、脉搏量低(44.4%)、低血压(38.9%)。脓毒症培养阳性占31.2%。100例新生儿在72小时内康复(69.4%)，64.6%的新生儿存活。死亡结局的预测因素为男性、脓毒症发病年龄bbb72小时、血培养阳性、机械通气和DIC。在二元回归分析中没有发现显著的变量。结论:本研究中，26.86%(144/536)脓毒性新生儿在NICU住院期间发生脓毒性休克。新生儿休克的常见表现为心动过速、CRT延长、外周冷、脉搏量低、皮肤斑驳;低血压发生率为38.9%。感染性休克后新生儿死亡率为35.4%。早期识别和及时处理可以提高新生儿的存活率。
{"title":"Septic Shock in Neonate: Clinical Profile and its Outcome","authors":"M. A. Mannan, Mosammad Alpana Jahan, Md. Arif Hossain, Afroza Islam Shuma, Sadeka Choudhury Moni, I. Jahan, Mohammad Kamrul Hassan Shabuj, M. Shahidullah","doi":"10.26502/jppch.74050100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jppch.74050100","url":null,"abstract":"Journal of Pediatrics, Health Abstract Background: Sepsis is one of the leading causes of neonatal mortality worldwide. Shock is usually accompanied with sepsis. Documentation of presentations and causative organisms is crucial to manage the newborn with septic shock. Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the clinical profile and outcome of newborns with septic shock. Materials and methods: This retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Neonatology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh, from January 2019 to December 2020. A total of144 neonates with septic shock were included in this study. Hospitalized inborn and out born babies were enrolled. Baseline data of selected neonates were retrieved from the registry book. Time of onset of sepsis, presentation of shock with their management and hospital outcome were collected. Data were analyzed in SPSS version 20. Statistical analysis was performed to establish the relationship between neonatal variables and outcomes with septic shock. Results: Among 1086 admitted newborns, 536 (49.4%) developed sepsis, of which 144 (26.86%) newborns developed septic shock. The mean gestational age and birth weight were 34.32±2.88 wk and 1886.50±744.9g respectively. One hundred and eight newborns were premature and 90.3% developed sepsis at >72 hours of age. Newborns with septic shock were presented with tachycardia (100%), prolonged CRT (98.6%), cold peripheries (75%), low pulse volume (44.4%), and 38.9% newborns had low blood pressure. Culture-positive sepsis was 31.2% cases. One hundred newborns recovered from septic shock within 72 hours (69.4%) and 64.6% of newborns survived after septic shock. The predictors of outcome of mortality were male sex, age of onset of sepsis >72 hours, positive blood culture, mechanical ventilation and DIC. No variables were found significant in binary regression analysis. Conclusion: In this study, 26.86% (144/536) septic neonates developed septic shock in the course of NICU stay. The common presentation of shock in newborns were tachycardia, prolonged CRT, cold peripheries, low pulse volume and mottled skin; the incidence of hypotension was 38.9%. Neonatal death after the onset of septic shock was 35.4%. Early recognition and prompt management can improve the survival of neonates.","PeriodicalId":73894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pediatrics, perinatology and child health","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69350274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. A. Mannan, Md. Arif Hossain, S. Mandal, Sadeka Choudhury Moni, I. Jahan, Mohammad Kamrul Hassan Shabuj, M. Shahidullah, S. Akhter
Background: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is an important cause of preventable brain damage among infants. Neurodevelopmental assessment may help in the early identification and management of neurodevelopmental sequelae. Objectives: The aim of this study were to identify J Pediatr Perinatol Child Health 2022; 6 (2): 200-218 DOI: 10.26502/jppch.74050102 Journal of Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health 201 the predictors of abnormal neurodevelopment at 3 & 12 months in babies having birth weight ≥1800 g and gestational age >34 weeks with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at Department of Neonatology and Institute of Pediatric Neurodisorder and Autism (IPNA), Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Shahbag, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2019 to June 2021. Hyper-bilirubinemic newborns were followed up and their neurodevelopmental assessment was done by using BSID III method at 3 and 12 months of age. All the collected data was tabulated and statically analyzed by using SPSS software. Results: A total of 90 newborns were enrolled, and among them 72 completed the first follow up and 67 completed second follow up. Average gestational age was 37.28±1.4 and mean birth weight was 2870.97 ± 458 g. There was slight female predominance 42 (58.3%) and 69 (95.8%) babies were inborn and only 3 (4.2%) were outborn. Out of 72 neonates, 9 (12.5%) had abnormal neurodevelopment results at 3 months, whereas 2 (3%) had neurodevelopmental abnormalities at 12 months. Neurodevelopmental follow up is suggesting reversibility of adverse neurodevelopment outcome. Perinatal and clinical data were compared between age appropriate neurodevelopment group and delayed neurodevelopment group. This study found that hemolytic jaundice, need for exchange transfusion, jaundice within first 24 hours, peak serum bilirubin > 20 mg/dl and longer duration of phototherapy > 48 hours were not significantly associated with abnormal neurodevelopment. Conclusion: 9 (12.5%) and 2 (3%) had abnormal neurodevelopment at 3 months and at 12 months respectively who were treated for neonatal jaundice suggesting reversibility of adverse neurodevelopment outcome. None of the factors (eg. hemolytic neonatal jaundice, onset of jaundice within 24 hours of age, peak serum bilirubin levels >20mg/dl, need for exchange transfusion and duration of phototherapy >48 hours were significantly not associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants born at or near term.
{"title":"Predictors of Neurodevelopmental Outcome in Hyperbilirubinemic Neonates Admitted in NICU","authors":"M. A. Mannan, Md. Arif Hossain, S. Mandal, Sadeka Choudhury Moni, I. Jahan, Mohammad Kamrul Hassan Shabuj, M. Shahidullah, S. Akhter","doi":"10.26502/jppch.74050102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jppch.74050102","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is an important cause of preventable brain damage among infants. Neurodevelopmental assessment may help in the early identification and management of neurodevelopmental sequelae. Objectives: The aim of this study were to identify J Pediatr Perinatol Child Health 2022; 6 (2): 200-218 DOI: 10.26502/jppch.74050102 Journal of Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health 201 the predictors of abnormal neurodevelopment at 3 & 12 months in babies having birth weight ≥1800 g and gestational age >34 weeks with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at Department of Neonatology and Institute of Pediatric Neurodisorder and Autism (IPNA), Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Shahbag, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2019 to June 2021. Hyper-bilirubinemic newborns were followed up and their neurodevelopmental assessment was done by using BSID III method at 3 and 12 months of age. All the collected data was tabulated and statically analyzed by using SPSS software. Results: A total of 90 newborns were enrolled, and among them 72 completed the first follow up and 67 completed second follow up. Average gestational age was 37.28±1.4 and mean birth weight was 2870.97 ± 458 g. There was slight female predominance 42 (58.3%) and 69 (95.8%) babies were inborn and only 3 (4.2%) were outborn. Out of 72 neonates, 9 (12.5%) had abnormal neurodevelopment results at 3 months, whereas 2 (3%) had neurodevelopmental abnormalities at 12 months. Neurodevelopmental follow up is suggesting reversibility of adverse neurodevelopment outcome. Perinatal and clinical data were compared between age appropriate neurodevelopment group and delayed neurodevelopment group. This study found that hemolytic jaundice, need for exchange transfusion, jaundice within first 24 hours, peak serum bilirubin > 20 mg/dl and longer duration of phototherapy > 48 hours were not significantly associated with abnormal neurodevelopment. Conclusion: 9 (12.5%) and 2 (3%) had abnormal neurodevelopment at 3 months and at 12 months respectively who were treated for neonatal jaundice suggesting reversibility of adverse neurodevelopment outcome. None of the factors (eg. hemolytic neonatal jaundice, onset of jaundice within 24 hours of age, peak serum bilirubin levels >20mg/dl, need for exchange transfusion and duration of phototherapy >48 hours were significantly not associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants born at or near term.","PeriodicalId":73894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pediatrics, perinatology and child health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69350287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shahanara Akter, Mohammad Golam Sadik, Md. Arif Hossain, M. A. Mannan
Background: Preterm neonates are the most comm-only transfused group of patients and about 70-80% of preterm low birth weight infants receive transfusion. Blood transfusions are a common form of supportive therapy for sick neonatesand remain as an important life-saving intervention for neonatal intensive care patients. Red blood cell (RBC) transfusions provide an immediate increase in tissue oxygenation. Objective: To assess the neurodevelopmental outcome of preterm infants who receive packed red blood cell transfusion. Methodology: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department Neonatology, Dhaka, at 9 month of age is found significantly delayed in RBC transfusion group Comorbidities and hospital stay found more in red blood cell transfusion group.
{"title":"Red Blood Cell Transfusion and Neurodevelopmental Outcome in Preterm Infants","authors":"Shahanara Akter, Mohammad Golam Sadik, Md. Arif Hossain, M. A. Mannan","doi":"10.26502/jppch.74050107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jppch.74050107","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Preterm neonates are the most comm-only transfused group of patients and about 70-80% of preterm low birth weight infants receive transfusion. Blood transfusions are a common form of supportive therapy for sick neonatesand remain as an important life-saving intervention for neonatal intensive care patients. Red blood cell (RBC) transfusions provide an immediate increase in tissue oxygenation. Objective: To assess the neurodevelopmental outcome of preterm infants who receive packed red blood cell transfusion. Methodology: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department Neonatology, Dhaka, at 9 month of age is found significantly delayed in RBC transfusion group Comorbidities and hospital stay found more in red blood cell transfusion group.","PeriodicalId":73894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pediatrics, perinatology and child health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69350411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To find out the co-morbidities such as infections and micronutrient deficiencies in hospitallized children with severe acute malnutrition. Study design: In this hospital based descriptive type of observational study, conducted at the Department of Pediatrics, SMS Medical College 125 severe acute malnourished children were included. Patients undergo relevant investigation to find out associated infectious co morbidities. Micronutrient deficiencies assessed by clinical signs. Vitamin D status assessed by laboratory test. Results: 42% had diarrhea and 27% had acute respiratory tract infections as co morbid condition. Tuberculosis was diagnosed in 13% of cases. Anemia was present in 86% cases. Signs of vitamin B and vitamin A deficiency were seen in 24% and 6% cases. 97% children have inadequate vitamin D levels. Conclusions: Timely identification and treatment of various co-morbidities is likely to break undernutrition-disease cycle, and to decrease mortality and improve outcome. Nearly all SAM patients have inadequacy of Vitamin D. So Vitamin D supplement J Pediatr Perinatol Child Health 2022; 6 (2): 296-304 DOI: 10.26502/jppch.74050109 Journal of Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health 297 should be given to all SAM patients.
{"title":"Co-morbidities in Children with Severe Acute Malnutrition – A Hospital based Study","authors":"Susheel kumar saini, A. Saini, S. Kumari","doi":"10.26502/jppch.74050109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jppch.74050109","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To find out the co-morbidities such as infections and micronutrient deficiencies in hospitallized children with severe acute malnutrition. Study design: In this hospital based descriptive type of observational study, conducted at the Department of Pediatrics, SMS Medical College 125 severe acute malnourished children were included. Patients undergo relevant investigation to find out associated infectious co morbidities. Micronutrient deficiencies assessed by clinical signs. Vitamin D status assessed by laboratory test. Results: 42% had diarrhea and 27% had acute respiratory tract infections as co morbid condition. Tuberculosis was diagnosed in 13% of cases. Anemia was present in 86% cases. Signs of vitamin B and vitamin A deficiency were seen in 24% and 6% cases. 97% children have inadequate vitamin D levels. Conclusions: Timely identification and treatment of various co-morbidities is likely to break undernutrition-disease cycle, and to decrease mortality and improve outcome. Nearly all SAM patients have inadequacy of Vitamin D. So Vitamin D supplement J Pediatr Perinatol Child Health 2022; 6 (2): 296-304 DOI: 10.26502/jppch.74050109 Journal of Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health 297 should be given to all SAM patients.","PeriodicalId":73894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pediatrics, perinatology and child health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69350633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nazmus Sihan, Sharmin Reza Suchi, M. Akther, Tareq Rahman, H. Akter, Mosammad Alpana Jahan, Arif Hossain, Shahidullah, A. Mannan
Background: Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is common among preterm infants. Preterm infants with patent ductus arteriosus have left-to-right shunt across PDA causing less blood flow to the lower legs. Echocardiogram is the gold standard for diagnosing PDA but is not available in all NICU. Perfusion index (PI) reflects the peripheral circulation which can be measured using a pulse oximeter and it could aid in diagnosing PDA. Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of Delta perfusion index (Delta PI; pre ductal – post ductal PI) in diagnosing PDA in preterm babies. Methods: Preterm infants with gestational age <37 weeks were assessed for pre and post ductal perfusion index on days 1 and 3 of life and difference between pre and post ductal perfusion index (Delta PI) were calculated. All the patients were undergone echocardiographic examination on day 3. Based on echocardiography, each infant was categorized into PDA and no-PDA group. Mean delta perfusion index were compared between two group. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis with associated area under the curve (AUC) was conducted to explore the discriminative ability of delta perfusion index level in predicting PDA with selection of the most suitable cut-off point. Results: Seventy infants with median age 32.84 ± 2.230 weeks and weight 1613 ± 420 grams were analyzed. The baseline characteristics did not differ significantly between the groups. The mean delta perfusion index in the PDA group was significantly higher than the mean delta perfusion index of non-PDA group in Day 1 (0.680 ± 0.
{"title":"Perfusion Index as a Diagnostic Tool for Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Preterm Infants","authors":"Nazmus Sihan, Sharmin Reza Suchi, M. Akther, Tareq Rahman, H. Akter, Mosammad Alpana Jahan, Arif Hossain, Shahidullah, A. Mannan","doi":"10.26502/jppch.74050116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jppch.74050116","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is common among preterm infants. Preterm infants with patent ductus arteriosus have left-to-right shunt across PDA causing less blood flow to the lower legs. Echocardiogram is the gold standard for diagnosing PDA but is not available in all NICU. Perfusion index (PI) reflects the peripheral circulation which can be measured using a pulse oximeter and it could aid in diagnosing PDA. Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of Delta perfusion index (Delta PI; pre ductal – post ductal PI) in diagnosing PDA in preterm babies. Methods: Preterm infants with gestational age <37 weeks were assessed for pre and post ductal perfusion index on days 1 and 3 of life and difference between pre and post ductal perfusion index (Delta PI) were calculated. All the patients were undergone echocardiographic examination on day 3. Based on echocardiography, each infant was categorized into PDA and no-PDA group. Mean delta perfusion index were compared between two group. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis with associated area under the curve (AUC) was conducted to explore the discriminative ability of delta perfusion index level in predicting PDA with selection of the most suitable cut-off point. Results: Seventy infants with median age 32.84 ± 2.230 weeks and weight 1613 ± 420 grams were analyzed. The baseline characteristics did not differ significantly between the groups. The mean delta perfusion index in the PDA group was significantly higher than the mean delta perfusion index of non-PDA group in Day 1 (0.680 ± 0.","PeriodicalId":73894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pediatrics, perinatology and child health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69350726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Kobel, O. Wartha, Julia Amberger, J. Dreyhaupt, K. Feather, Jürgen M Steinacker
Sedentary behaviour is considered an independent risk factor, while physical activity (PA) is ascribed protective effects in childhood. 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) daily and reduced screen media use (SMU) is recommended for 5-17 year-olds. There are suggested associations of PA and sedentarism with illness-related absence from school or the frequency of visits to the doctor. Therefore, it was examined whether there is an association between the adherence to PA and SMU guidelines and days absent from school, children's visits to the doctor
{"title":"Is Adherence to Physical Activity and Screen Media Guidelines Associated with A Reduced Risk of Sick Days Among Primary School Children?","authors":"S. Kobel, O. Wartha, Julia Amberger, J. Dreyhaupt, K. Feather, Jürgen M Steinacker","doi":"10.26502/jppch.74050123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jppch.74050123","url":null,"abstract":"Sedentary behaviour is considered an independent risk factor, while physical activity (PA) is ascribed protective effects in childhood. 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) daily and reduced screen media use (SMU) is recommended for 5-17 year-olds. There are suggested associations of PA and sedentarism with illness-related absence from school or the frequency of visits to the doctor. Therefore, it was examined whether there is an association between the adherence to PA and SMU guidelines and days absent from school, children's visits to the doctor","PeriodicalId":73894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pediatrics, perinatology and child health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69350297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Severe acute respiratory coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV2) has shown its impending impact by causing multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. MIS-N is an evolving entity with a skeptical presentation. Its progression is very unforeseeable and fatal. Recent studies have speculated vertical transmission of immunoglobulins (IgG) to the fetus. Along with the antibodies, some cytokines might cross the placenta and induce a systemicinflammatory response in the newborn. Infection and subsequent hyperinflammatory process appears to have occurred in two different individuals (i.e. infection in mother and Mis-N in neonates). It typically occurs 2-6 weeks after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. Angiotensin-converting enzyme II (ACE2) was known to be the cell receptor for SARS-CoV.1 It is speculated that children were less sensitive to 2019-nCoV than adults due to the immaturity and binding ability of ACE2 in children.2 Additionally, children have a higher levels of antibody against virus than adults. Furthermore, children’s immune systems are still developing and may respond to pathogens differently from adult immune systems. However, it has been found that the proportion of severe and critical cases was 10.6%, 7.3%, 4.2%, 4.1%, and 3.0% for the age groups <1, 1 to 5, 6 to 10, 11 to 15, and >15 years, respectively.3 These results suggest that young children, particularly infants, were vulnerable to 2019-nCoV infection. Therefore, the mechanism for the difference in clinical manifestations between children and adults remains to be determined.
{"title":"Dramatic Response of Multi-System Inflammatory Involvement (Mis-N) in Neonates Treated with IvIg and Methylprednisolone","authors":"Ashutosh Singh Rathore, Harshita Jain, Mayur Shah, Karthik Surabhi","doi":"10.26502/jppch.74050127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jppch.74050127","url":null,"abstract":"Severe acute respiratory coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV2) has shown its impending impact by causing multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. MIS-N is an evolving entity with a skeptical presentation. Its progression is very unforeseeable and fatal. Recent studies have speculated vertical transmission of immunoglobulins (IgG) to the fetus. Along with the antibodies, some cytokines might cross the placenta and induce a systemicinflammatory response in the newborn. Infection and subsequent hyperinflammatory process appears to have occurred in two different individuals (i.e. infection in mother and Mis-N in neonates). It typically occurs 2-6 weeks after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. Angiotensin-converting enzyme II (ACE2) was known to be the cell receptor for SARS-CoV.1 It is speculated that children were less sensitive to 2019-nCoV than adults due to the immaturity and binding ability of ACE2 in children.2 Additionally, children have a higher levels of antibody against virus than adults. Furthermore, children’s immune systems are still developing and may respond to pathogens differently from adult immune systems. However, it has been found that the proportion of severe and critical cases was 10.6%, 7.3%, 4.2%, 4.1%, and 3.0% for the age groups <1, 1 to 5, 6 to 10, 11 to 15, and >15 years, respectively.3 These results suggest that young children, particularly infants, were vulnerable to 2019-nCoV infection. Therefore, the mechanism for the difference in clinical manifestations between children and adults remains to be determined.","PeriodicalId":73894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pediatrics, perinatology and child health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69350321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joshi Siddhartha J, Nidhi Rai Gupta, Heloise Stanley
, Abstract Background and objectives: The genesis of atherosclerotic lesions which is a major cardiovascular risk factor starts in the early life. If the premature development of cardiovascular risk factors can be anticipated during childhood, cardiovascular events can be prevented effectively by taking appropriate measures. The aim of the present study was to know cord blood lipid levels and its correlation with newborn’s birth weight and gestational age. Methods: Present study was conducted in the department of paediatrics, Sanjay Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Mangolpuri, Delhi, from December 2019 to June 2020. In this observational cross sectional study, 105 newborn babies whose gestational age was between 28 to <42 weeks were included with due consideration of inclusion and exclusion criteria as per study protocol. Results: Cord blood lipid levels were significantly high (P <0.05) in low birth weight babies. Cord high density lipoprotein with gender (p>0.05). Conclusions: Lipid levels were significantly high in low birth weight babies, preterm babies and small for gestational age babies. Hence, low birth weight babies, small for gestational age babies and preterm babies should be closely monitored for lipid related disorders and co-morbidities.
{"title":"Study of Cord Blood Lipid Levels and Its Correlation with Newborn’s Birth Weight and Gestational Age","authors":"Joshi Siddhartha J, Nidhi Rai Gupta, Heloise Stanley","doi":"10.26502/jppch.74050132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jppch.74050132","url":null,"abstract":", Abstract Background and objectives: The genesis of atherosclerotic lesions which is a major cardiovascular risk factor starts in the early life. If the premature development of cardiovascular risk factors can be anticipated during childhood, cardiovascular events can be prevented effectively by taking appropriate measures. The aim of the present study was to know cord blood lipid levels and its correlation with newborn’s birth weight and gestational age. Methods: Present study was conducted in the department of paediatrics, Sanjay Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Mangolpuri, Delhi, from December 2019 to June 2020. In this observational cross sectional study, 105 newborn babies whose gestational age was between 28 to <42 weeks were included with due consideration of inclusion and exclusion criteria as per study protocol. Results: Cord blood lipid levels were significantly high (P <0.05) in low birth weight babies. Cord high density lipoprotein with gender (p>0.05). Conclusions: Lipid levels were significantly high in low birth weight babies, preterm babies and small for gestational age babies. Hence, low birth weight babies, small for gestational age babies and preterm babies should be closely monitored for lipid related disorders and co-morbidities.","PeriodicalId":73894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pediatrics, perinatology and child health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69350371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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