Medicine can be traced back to as early as the origin of man, since food and medicine are intertwined. Some foods can be used for medicinal purposes, and some foods with medicinal properties are also used as everyday foods, such as spices used in cooking around the world. This is very much true of herbal medicine. When we are healthy, these medicinal foods can be consumed without restriction such as in daily eating, however when we are sick, the medicinal foods or edible materials are restricted and used as a drug in the traditional sense where the quantity used or consumed is regulated.
{"title":"Understanding chinese medicine and western medicine to reach the maximum treatment benefit","authors":"C. C, B. B","doi":"10.15761/jts.1000334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/jts.1000334","url":null,"abstract":"Medicine can be traced back to as early as the origin of man, since food and medicine are intertwined. Some foods can be used for medicinal purposes, and some foods with medicinal properties are also used as everyday foods, such as spices used in cooking around the world. This is very much true of herbal medicine. When we are healthy, these medicinal foods can be consumed without restriction such as in daily eating, however when we are sick, the medicinal foods or edible materials are restricted and used as a drug in the traditional sense where the quantity used or consumed is regulated.","PeriodicalId":74000,"journal":{"name":"Journal of translational science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67489893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yanting Dong, Xiaohui Zhou, Song Zhang, Xihua Lin, Nan Zhang
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of high-glucose conditions in the EPCs from whole peripheral and bone marrow of diabetic rats. To determine the expression of critical initiation factor HIF-1 α and HIF-1 α -induced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) in high glucose environment. The effect of over expression of HIF-1 α to the function of the EPCs in diabetic rats via regulating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Methods: Primary EPCs from whole peripheral and bone marrow of Sprague-Dawley control rats and streptozoctin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats were harvested, isolated and characterized. Cell viability, migration, and tube formation ability were detected by CCK8, Transwell assay and Matrigel-based capillary-like tube formation assay. Gene transcription and protein expression were evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, respectively. Results: Cell viability, migration, and tube formation ability of EPCs were impaired under high-glucose conditions. Overexpression of HIF-1 α alleviated high glucose-induced EPCs dysfunction by promoting the transcription and expression of VEGF and VEGFR in EPCs under high-glucose. Furthermore, high-glucose inhibited PI3K/AKT phosphorylation and PI3K agonist rescued the HIF-1 α -VEGF/VEGFR expression of EPCs under high-glucose conditions via activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Conclusion: These results suggest that the attenuation of high-glucose induced EPCs dysfunction of diabetic rats by HIF-1 α overexpression partly requires activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, thus providing theoretical basis for the treatment of diabetic vascular neogenesis and vascular injury repair.
{"title":"High-glucose induced HIF-1α down-regulation impairs the function of the endothelial progenitor cells via PI3K/AKT signaling pathway","authors":"Yanting Dong, Xiaohui Zhou, Song Zhang, Xihua Lin, Nan Zhang","doi":"10.15761/JTS.1000360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/JTS.1000360","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of high-glucose conditions in the EPCs from whole peripheral and bone marrow of diabetic rats. To determine the expression of critical initiation factor HIF-1 α and HIF-1 α -induced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) in high glucose environment. The effect of over expression of HIF-1 α to the function of the EPCs in diabetic rats via regulating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Methods: Primary EPCs from whole peripheral and bone marrow of Sprague-Dawley control rats and streptozoctin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats were harvested, isolated and characterized. Cell viability, migration, and tube formation ability were detected by CCK8, Transwell assay and Matrigel-based capillary-like tube formation assay. Gene transcription and protein expression were evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, respectively. Results: Cell viability, migration, and tube formation ability of EPCs were impaired under high-glucose conditions. Overexpression of HIF-1 α alleviated high glucose-induced EPCs dysfunction by promoting the transcription and expression of VEGF and VEGFR in EPCs under high-glucose. Furthermore, high-glucose inhibited PI3K/AKT phosphorylation and PI3K agonist rescued the HIF-1 α -VEGF/VEGFR expression of EPCs under high-glucose conditions via activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Conclusion: These results suggest that the attenuation of high-glucose induced EPCs dysfunction of diabetic rats by HIF-1 α overexpression partly requires activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, thus providing theoretical basis for the treatment of diabetic vascular neogenesis and vascular injury repair.","PeriodicalId":74000,"journal":{"name":"Journal of translational science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67491025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ayobami Eluwole, A. Adedayo, F. Tedla, Arye Kremer, Nicole Mastrogiovanni, M. Khan, C. Rosenberg, P. Dreizen, J. Rosa, L. Salciccioli, M. Boutjdir, M. Banerji, C. Brown, M. Salifu, J. Lazar, A. Bakillah
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) genetic variants are associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Contradictory outcomes have been reported for the relationship between PCSK9 and increased diabetes risk. Furthermore, the relationship between PCSK9 levels, glycemic status, and vascular function among different ethnic groups is still not fully understood. African-Americans suffer disproportionately from many chronic diseases including T2DM due to many factors including environmental, socioeconomic and genetics factors. Thus, we aimed in this study is to examine the association between plasma PCSK9 and vascular dysfunction in African-Americans with T2DM. PCSK9 and total nitric oxide (NO) levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Microvascular function was assessed by the vascular reactivity index (VRI) and large artery stiffness was assessed by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV). A total of 146 participants with T2DM were enrolled in this study. Mean patients’ age was 60 ± 8 years. Eighty percent (80%) had hypertension, 90% had dyslipidemia and 15% had chronic kidney disease. Total population was categorized into two groups based on HbA1c median value (7.5%). PCSK9 levels negatively correlated with VRI but not PWV in the total population and in well controlled patients with HbA1c ≤7.5% (r=-0.175, p=0.036 and r=-0.293, p=0.010; respectively). PCSK9 levels positively correlated with total NO levels in total population and in well controlled patients (r=0.186, p=0.0024 and r=0.256, p=0.023; respectively). Univariate analysis exhibited that PCSK9 levels were associated with VRI, but not PWV, in total population and in well controlled patients ( β =-0.175, p=0.036 and β =-0.293, p=0.010; respectively). Multivariable-adjusted regression analysis revealed that PCSK9 levels predicted VRI in well controlled patients ( β =-0.384, p=0.033) but not in poorly controlled patients. Furthermore, changes in total NO availability did not impact the PCSK9-VRI association in well controlled diabetic patients. Larger studies are needed to confirm the association of circulating PCSK9 with subclinical microvascular changes in T2DM, particularly in patients with good glycemic control.
{"title":"Plasma PCSK9 predicts microvascular function but not arterial stiffness in African-Americans with well controlled type 2 diabetes","authors":"Ayobami Eluwole, A. Adedayo, F. Tedla, Arye Kremer, Nicole Mastrogiovanni, M. Khan, C. Rosenberg, P. Dreizen, J. Rosa, L. Salciccioli, M. Boutjdir, M. Banerji, C. Brown, M. Salifu, J. Lazar, A. Bakillah","doi":"10.15761/jts.1000433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/jts.1000433","url":null,"abstract":"Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) genetic variants are associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Contradictory outcomes have been reported for the relationship between PCSK9 and increased diabetes risk. Furthermore, the relationship between PCSK9 levels, glycemic status, and vascular function among different ethnic groups is still not fully understood. African-Americans suffer disproportionately from many chronic diseases including T2DM due to many factors including environmental, socioeconomic and genetics factors. Thus, we aimed in this study is to examine the association between plasma PCSK9 and vascular dysfunction in African-Americans with T2DM. PCSK9 and total nitric oxide (NO) levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Microvascular function was assessed by the vascular reactivity index (VRI) and large artery stiffness was assessed by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV). A total of 146 participants with T2DM were enrolled in this study. Mean patients’ age was 60 ± 8 years. Eighty percent (80%) had hypertension, 90% had dyslipidemia and 15% had chronic kidney disease. Total population was categorized into two groups based on HbA1c median value (7.5%). PCSK9 levels negatively correlated with VRI but not PWV in the total population and in well controlled patients with HbA1c ≤7.5% (r=-0.175, p=0.036 and r=-0.293, p=0.010; respectively). PCSK9 levels positively correlated with total NO levels in total population and in well controlled patients (r=0.186, p=0.0024 and r=0.256, p=0.023; respectively). Univariate analysis exhibited that PCSK9 levels were associated with VRI, but not PWV, in total population and in well controlled patients ( β =-0.175, p=0.036 and β =-0.293, p=0.010; respectively). Multivariable-adjusted regression analysis revealed that PCSK9 levels predicted VRI in well controlled patients ( β =-0.384, p=0.033) but not in poorly controlled patients. Furthermore, changes in total NO availability did not impact the PCSK9-VRI association in well controlled diabetic patients. Larger studies are needed to confirm the association of circulating PCSK9 with subclinical microvascular changes in T2DM, particularly in patients with good glycemic control.","PeriodicalId":74000,"journal":{"name":"Journal of translational science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67492709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Almér, F. Faustini, Sylwester Szczegielniak, I. Gunnarsson
Received: December 28, 2020; Accepted: January 05, 2021; Published: January 09, 2021 A male diagnosed with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis at age 18, underwent a kidney biopsy at age 23 due to persistent proteinuria, with findings of an immune-complex mediated mesangiocapillary nephritis with substantial glomerular sclerosis. Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) were negative but increased levels of antibodies against cardiolipin and γ2glycoprotein-I were detected.
{"title":"Acute onset of inflammatory colitis in overlap with psoriatic arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus following treatment with secukinumab","authors":"S. Almér, F. Faustini, Sylwester Szczegielniak, I. Gunnarsson","doi":"10.15761/jts.1000445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/jts.1000445","url":null,"abstract":"Received: December 28, 2020; Accepted: January 05, 2021; Published: January 09, 2021 A male diagnosed with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis at age 18, underwent a kidney biopsy at age 23 due to persistent proteinuria, with findings of an immune-complex mediated mesangiocapillary nephritis with substantial glomerular sclerosis. Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) were negative but increased levels of antibodies against cardiolipin and γ2glycoprotein-I were detected.","PeriodicalId":74000,"journal":{"name":"Journal of translational science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67497112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kawakami N, Saito T, Tauchi R, Kawakami K, Ohara T
Objective: The present study aims to investigate the potential of ARCB-T as a delayed tactic even for larger-magnitude scoliosis. Methods: In the present retrospective cohort study, the inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) EOS and 2) age of initiation for ARCB-T ≤ 4 years. Consecutively enrolled 120 patients since 1995–2016 met these criteria. They were divided into the following two groups in terms of initial scoliosis of 50°: Cast Larger-Group (CL-G; main scoliosis ≥50°; n = 78) and Cast Mild-Group (CM-G; main scoliosis <50°; n = 42). Etiologies were as follows: congenital/structural defects (CS/ST; n = 55); infantile idiopathic scoliosis (IIS; n = 28); syndromic scoliosis (SS; n = 32); and neuromuscular scoliosis ( n = 5). ARCB-T was switched to surgical intervention in 52 and 17 patients in the CL-G and CM-G, respectively. The endpoints were the progression rate during ARCB-T and the magnitude of scoliosis at the end of ARCB-T. We compared scoliosis measured at initiation and end of ARCB-T, and scoliosis in the initial cast placement between the two groups. Results: We observed a reduction of scoliosis <30° in 11.5% and 28.6% patients in the CL-G and CM-G, respectively. While, patients with scoliosis >70° did not display improvement of scoliosis <30°. Early initiation of ARCB-T significantly correlated with a lower progression rate ( P = 0.0384). Patients with larger-magnitude scoliosis at the first casting exhibited significantly larger-magnitude scoliosis at the end of ARCB-T ( P < 0.0001). Better correction of scoliosis by initial casting decreased the progression rate ( P = 0.0113) among patients in both the groups. Although the correction of scoliosis by initial casting did not correlate with the progression rate in the CL-G ( P = 0.1153), the progression rate during ARCB-T significantly correlated with the correction by casting in patients with ≥70° or 80° of scoliosis ( P = 0.0016). The diagnoses correlated with the efficacy of ARCB-T and IIS exhibited a significantly better progression rate (−3.0°/year) than other etiologies. Conclusion: Despite being limited in the suppression of the progression of larger-magnitude scoliosis, ARCB-T works less efficiently as a delayed tactic to surgery and could be an option for larger-magnitude scoliosis if it displays better correction at the first cast placement. as a delayed for
{"title":"Alternately repetitive cast/brace (ARCB) treatment for larger-magnitude early-onset scoliosis: A retrospective cohort study","authors":"Kawakami N, Saito T, Tauchi R, Kawakami K, Ohara T","doi":"10.15761/JTS.1000358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/JTS.1000358","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The present study aims to investigate the potential of ARCB-T as a delayed tactic even for larger-magnitude scoliosis. Methods: In the present retrospective cohort study, the inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) EOS and 2) age of initiation for ARCB-T ≤ 4 years. Consecutively enrolled 120 patients since 1995–2016 met these criteria. They were divided into the following two groups in terms of initial scoliosis of 50°: Cast Larger-Group (CL-G; main scoliosis ≥50°; n = 78) and Cast Mild-Group (CM-G; main scoliosis <50°; n = 42). Etiologies were as follows: congenital/structural defects (CS/ST; n = 55); infantile idiopathic scoliosis (IIS; n = 28); syndromic scoliosis (SS; n = 32); and neuromuscular scoliosis ( n = 5). ARCB-T was switched to surgical intervention in 52 and 17 patients in the CL-G and CM-G, respectively. The endpoints were the progression rate during ARCB-T and the magnitude of scoliosis at the end of ARCB-T. We compared scoliosis measured at initiation and end of ARCB-T, and scoliosis in the initial cast placement between the two groups. Results: We observed a reduction of scoliosis <30° in 11.5% and 28.6% patients in the CL-G and CM-G, respectively. While, patients with scoliosis >70° did not display improvement of scoliosis <30°. Early initiation of ARCB-T significantly correlated with a lower progression rate ( P = 0.0384). Patients with larger-magnitude scoliosis at the first casting exhibited significantly larger-magnitude scoliosis at the end of ARCB-T ( P < 0.0001). Better correction of scoliosis by initial casting decreased the progression rate ( P = 0.0113) among patients in both the groups. Although the correction of scoliosis by initial casting did not correlate with the progression rate in the CL-G ( P = 0.1153), the progression rate during ARCB-T significantly correlated with the correction by casting in patients with ≥70° or 80° of scoliosis ( P = 0.0016). The diagnoses correlated with the efficacy of ARCB-T and IIS exhibited a significantly better progression rate (−3.0°/year) than other etiologies. Conclusion: Despite being limited in the suppression of the progression of larger-magnitude scoliosis, ARCB-T works less efficiently as a delayed tactic to surgery and could be an option for larger-magnitude scoliosis if it displays better correction at the first cast placement. as a delayed for","PeriodicalId":74000,"journal":{"name":"Journal of translational science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67490485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Vassiliou, G. Stamogiannos, G. Floros, A. Kotanidou, I. Dimopoulou
In critically ill patients, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis is activated and as a consequence these patients exhibit increased serum cortisol concentrations. However, a number of patients have relatively low cortisol levels for the degree of illness severity. Glucocorticoid actions are facilitated by the glucocorticoid receptor whose dysfunction leads to glucocorticoid tissue resistance. Most clinical studies in critically ill adult patients have studied cortisol availability, and only a few have investigated glucocorticoid receptor levels and function. In this review we will explore the conflicting results that have arisen from the clinical studies that aimed to elucidate the role of glucocorticoid receptor in glucocorticoid resistance. The study of receptor function and expression might aid in identifying the patients who will benefit from corticosteroid administration.
{"title":"Glucocorticoid receptors in critically ill patients","authors":"A. Vassiliou, G. Stamogiannos, G. Floros, A. Kotanidou, I. Dimopoulou","doi":"10.15761/JTS.1000354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/JTS.1000354","url":null,"abstract":"In critically ill patients, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis is activated and as a consequence these patients exhibit increased serum cortisol concentrations. However, a number of patients have relatively low cortisol levels for the degree of illness severity. Glucocorticoid actions are facilitated by the glucocorticoid receptor whose dysfunction leads to glucocorticoid tissue resistance. Most clinical studies in critically ill adult patients have studied cortisol availability, and only a few have investigated glucocorticoid receptor levels and function. In this review we will explore the conflicting results that have arisen from the clinical studies that aimed to elucidate the role of glucocorticoid receptor in glucocorticoid resistance. The study of receptor function and expression might aid in identifying the patients who will benefit from corticosteroid administration.","PeriodicalId":74000,"journal":{"name":"Journal of translational science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67490525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Galli, M. Marchese, C DeCanio, M. Battaglia, G. Gatto, Lorenzo Santandrea, G. Paludetti
In the Parkinson disease (PD) ones of the most common motor and non-motor symptoms are respectively dysphagia and drooling. The usual management includes swallowing rehabilitation maneuvers especially for the oral and pharyngeal phases. Basing on the role of sensory cues demonstrated for gait and dysarthria we describe two cases of PD with dysphagia symptoms and poor saliva control who were subjected to rehabilitation therapy combined with visual and auditory cues. The dysphagia-related impairments have a direct influence on the nutritional and health status of the patients and are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The results observed at the early and late controls were encouraging and promote the research about the role of sensory cues in enhance the efficacy of the physical rehabilitation.
{"title":"Dysphagia and drooling in parkinson disease improved by sensory cues","authors":"J. Galli, M. Marchese, C DeCanio, M. Battaglia, G. Gatto, Lorenzo Santandrea, G. Paludetti","doi":"10.15761/JTS.1000386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/JTS.1000386","url":null,"abstract":"In the Parkinson disease (PD) ones of the most common motor and non-motor symptoms are respectively dysphagia and drooling. The usual management includes swallowing rehabilitation maneuvers especially for the oral and pharyngeal phases. Basing on the role of sensory cues demonstrated for gait and dysarthria we describe two cases of PD with dysphagia symptoms and poor saliva control who were subjected to rehabilitation therapy combined with visual and auditory cues. The dysphagia-related impairments have a direct influence on the nutritional and health status of the patients and are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The results observed at the early and late controls were encouraging and promote the research about the role of sensory cues in enhance the efficacy of the physical rehabilitation.","PeriodicalId":74000,"journal":{"name":"Journal of translational science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67491469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Melanoma, a fatal form of skin cancer accounts for less than 2% of skin cancer, but is responsible for 75% death due to skin cancer [1]. UV rays in the Sun is believed to be responsible for 90% of melanoma incidence [2], with only 10% inherited in the family. Epidemiological studies showed that mortality rate was higher in males than in females [3]. Current targeted therapy and immuno-therapy are accompanied by serious side-effects such as endocrinopathies and other allergic and autoimmune disorders [4,5]. This situation warrants an understanding of the fundamental nature of the disease before developing any treatment. At this juncture, a survey of in-vitro and in-vivo effects of steroids on melanoma growth [6] provided a basis for the nature of this disease.
{"title":"A survey of in-vitro and in-vivo effects of steroids on melanoma growth and its implication on the nature of the disease","authors":"P. Ramaraj","doi":"10.15761/JTS.1000338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/JTS.1000338","url":null,"abstract":"Melanoma, a fatal form of skin cancer accounts for less than 2% of skin cancer, but is responsible for 75% death due to skin cancer [1]. UV rays in the Sun is believed to be responsible for 90% of melanoma incidence [2], with only 10% inherited in the family. Epidemiological studies showed that mortality rate was higher in males than in females [3]. Current targeted therapy and immuno-therapy are accompanied by serious side-effects such as endocrinopathies and other allergic and autoimmune disorders [4,5]. This situation warrants an understanding of the fundamental nature of the disease before developing any treatment. At this juncture, a survey of in-vitro and in-vivo effects of steroids on melanoma growth [6] provided a basis for the nature of this disease.","PeriodicalId":74000,"journal":{"name":"Journal of translational science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67490011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Mastronicola, S. Cortese, E. Beulque, X-a Wu, M. Roch, M. Perna, J. Salleron, Merlin Jl, G. Faure, J. Munier, L. Bolotine, G. Dolivet
Abbreviations: SCCHN: Squamous cell carcinoma head and neck; CTC: Circulating tumor cells; EGFR: Epidermal growth factor Epithelial adhesion EMT: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition; CEA: Carcinoembryonic CK 18,19: Cytokeratin 18,19; Ef3: E74-like 3; PVA: Pemfigus vulgaris antigen, SCCA: Squamous cell carcinoma antigen; EphB4: Tyrosine kinase erythropoietin producing hepatocellular; RT-PCR: Reverse transcription-polymerase chain Microemboli. Abstract In this study, we focused mainly on the metastatic process related to surgery in squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract. We attempted to detect isolated cells (CTCs) of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCCHN) in blood stream before, during and after surgery. With this aim, we realized a prospective study analyzing the impact of surgery on the CTC level during a period of 9 days. Two widely used techniques were used in this study : PCR in real time and Cell Search.
{"title":"Detection of circulating tumor cells after surgery for stage III and IV squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck","authors":"R. Mastronicola, S. Cortese, E. Beulque, X-a Wu, M. Roch, M. Perna, J. Salleron, Merlin Jl, G. Faure, J. Munier, L. Bolotine, G. Dolivet","doi":"10.15761/JTS.1000335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/JTS.1000335","url":null,"abstract":"Abbreviations: SCCHN: Squamous cell carcinoma head and neck; CTC: Circulating tumor cells; EGFR: Epidermal growth factor Epithelial adhesion EMT: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition; CEA: Carcinoembryonic CK 18,19: Cytokeratin 18,19; Ef3: E74-like 3; PVA: Pemfigus vulgaris antigen, SCCA: Squamous cell carcinoma antigen; EphB4: Tyrosine kinase erythropoietin producing hepatocellular; RT-PCR: Reverse transcription-polymerase chain Microemboli. Abstract In this study, we focused mainly on the metastatic process related to surgery in squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract. We attempted to detect isolated cells (CTCs) of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCCHN) in blood stream before, during and after surgery. With this aim, we realized a prospective study analyzing the impact of surgery on the CTC level during a period of 9 days. Two widely used techniques were used in this study : PCR in real time and Cell Search.","PeriodicalId":74000,"journal":{"name":"Journal of translational science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67489914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
GOLPH2 (Golgi Phosphoprotein 2) is a protein with pro-oncogenic properties that has currently been identified as a prime target for tumour therapy. Its involvement in key oncogenic pathways like EGFR, mTOR/AKT, PI3K makes it a good candidate for therapeutic intervention. Several research groups have consistently reported that GOLPH2, when expressed at high levels leads to epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), increased cell proliferation, migration and metastasis. Not amazingly, it appears that many tumours exploit GOLPH2 for their advantage. Stopping GOLPH2´s detrimental effects would mean impairing tumour progression on various levels of its development. Therefore, inhibition of GOLPH2, a protein contributing to important hallmarks of cancer deserves the attention of researchers and drug developing stakeholders. However, its mainly intracellular localisation and the lack of domains that could possibly be interfered with by small molecules, have led to the conclusion that GOLPH2 is an un-targetable molecule. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of this multifunctional protein and describe possibilities to pharmacologically intervene to ameliorate its overshooting function in malignant diseases. Novel approaches like viral interventions or specific antibodies could soon result in a substantial therapeutic improvement for cancers with underlying GOLPH2 pathologies.
{"title":"A review of GOLPH2, an oncogenic protein and novel therapeutic options for GOLPH2 driven tumours","authors":"Yang Liu, H. Liewen, Norbert Markuly, F. Stenner","doi":"10.15761/JTS.1000356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/JTS.1000356","url":null,"abstract":"GOLPH2 (Golgi Phosphoprotein 2) is a protein with pro-oncogenic properties that has currently been identified as a prime target for tumour therapy. Its involvement in key oncogenic pathways like EGFR, mTOR/AKT, PI3K makes it a good candidate for therapeutic intervention. Several research groups have consistently reported that GOLPH2, when expressed at high levels leads to epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), increased cell proliferation, migration and metastasis. Not amazingly, it appears that many tumours exploit GOLPH2 for their advantage. Stopping GOLPH2´s detrimental effects would mean impairing tumour progression on various levels of its development. Therefore, inhibition of GOLPH2, a protein contributing to important hallmarks of cancer deserves the attention of researchers and drug developing stakeholders. However, its mainly intracellular localisation and the lack of domains that could possibly be interfered with by small molecules, have led to the conclusion that GOLPH2 is an un-targetable molecule. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of this multifunctional protein and describe possibilities to pharmacologically intervene to ameliorate its overshooting function in malignant diseases. Novel approaches like viral interventions or specific antibodies could soon result in a substantial therapeutic improvement for cancers with underlying GOLPH2 pathologies.","PeriodicalId":74000,"journal":{"name":"Journal of translational science","volume":"157 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67490083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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