microPublication biology最新文献

Bacteriophage HamCheese and Kihatsu are siphoviruses isolated from soil in Raleigh, NC and Clayton, NC, respectively, using Arthrobacter globiformis , B2979. HamCheese is assigned to actinobacteriophage cluster AS based on gene content similarity. Its 38454 base pair genome encodes 67 putative genes. Kihatsu is assigned to cluster FF phage, with a genome 43,237 base pairs in length encoding 67 putative genes and 2 tRNAs. Based on gene content, both pages are predicted to be temperate.

Timelapse images of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) provide rich information on cell structure and contractile function. The two-dimensional cardiac muscle bundle (2DMB) platform standardizes tissue geometry, enabling physiologic, uniaxial contractions on elastomeric substrates. However, larger sarcomere displacements in 2DMBs challenge existing tracking pipelines. We present adaptations to SarcGraph, an open-source Python package for sarcomere detection and tracking, enabling automated analysis of high-frame-rate 2DMB videos. Key modifications include frame-by-frame detection with automated segmentation, Gaussian Process Regression for denoising, and automatic contractile phase detection. We provide 130 example movies through Harvard Dataverse, enabling high-throughput analysis and advancing hiPSC-CM research.

As part of the Science Education Alliance-Phage Hunters Advancing Genomics and Evolutionary Sciences program, we report the discovery and genome sequence of microbacteriophages Crisis, BarnCat, Pochacco, Smelly, and SpiderBri. Phages were isolated from soil samples in Riverside, CA and Viroqua, WI using the hosts Microbacterium foliorum and Microbacterium paraoxydans.

In Drosophila melanogaster , the herbicide atrazine is known to alter longevity, accelerate development time, and cause modifications in protein production and gene expression related to oxidative stress. A low protein diet can affect fecundity and increase lifespan in flies. The present study investigated if and how different concentrations of dietary yeast, the main protein source for lab-reared flies, affect the lifespan of D. melanogaster exposed to atrazine. Atrazine exposure and yeast concentration did not affect adult longevity; however, there was a strong sex effect in that males displayed greater survival than females.

Phage IsHungry was isolated on Arthrobacter globiformis B-2979 and has siphovirus morphology. Its genome consists of 40,628 base pairs, encoding 61 putative genes and 3 tRNAs. As is typical of the phages with similar gene content that area assigned to actinobacteriophage FF cluster, all but 4 genes are transcribed unidirectionally.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.17912/micropub.biology.001406.].

Bacteriophage Powelldog, assigned to cluster AW, was isolated from dog park soil in Charlotte, NC, using the bacterial host Arthobacter globiformis NRRL B-2880. The genome is 55541 bps, containing 91 putative protein-coding genes. All genes are transcribed unidirectionally and the genome, interestingly, encodes a putative major capsid protease fusion protein.

The cell in multicellular organisms are capable of sensing and responding to various types of extracellular stimuli. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of not only biochemical stimuli but also mechanical stimuli in modulating cellular behavior. Mechanical stimuli include substrate stiffness, shear stress, tensile force, and compressive strain, all of which have been implicated in the regulation of gene expression, proliferation, and differentiation. In this study, we investigated the impact of compressive strain by cell seeding density on gene expression in Neuro2A cells, a mouse neuroblastoma-derived neuronal cell line. Specifically, we focused on the expression of Cyclin D1, a well-established proliferation marker, and GAP43, a marker associated with neuronal differentiation. By culturing Neuro2A cells at different cell densities, we found that high cell density upregulated the GAP43 gene but not the Cyclin D1 gene. This result suggests that cell density affects neuronal differentiation through GAP43 gene expression.

In Chlamydomonas , the central pair (CP) and radial spoke (RS) complexes in the axoneme are key regulators of ciliary motility. Radial spoke protein 3 (RSP3) is an A-kinase anchoring protein (AKAP), and mutation of the RII-binding domain ( 388 ) results in specific ciliary motility defects. When combined with ida1 , a mutant defective in the 1α-dynein heavy chain required for assembly of the I1 dynein complex, the phenotype of the resulting 388; ida1 double mutant is ida1 -like, not 388 -like; thus, ida1 is epistatic to 388 . These results support I1 dynein being downstream of the RSP3 RII-binding domain function in a signaling pathway that regulates Chlamydomonas ciliary motility.

The impact of intestinal gases, including gasotransmitters, on antibiotic efficacy is severely understudied. This study assessed the effects of low-dose CO (85 µg/g) on the efficacy of various antibiotics in low oxygen conditions using the Kirby-Bauer method against E. coli BW20767/pRL27. Preliminary results showed that exposure to CO exerts variable effects on antibiotic efficacy. This indicates that CO exerts its effects not only through modulation of E. coli 's respiratory chain, but may also involve additional, as-yet unidentified targets independent of terminal oxidase binding. We also observed that E. coli endogenously produces CO as it switches to anaerobic metabolism.