Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia)最新文献

The reactions of the regional lymph nodes, causedby implantation of the autologous multipotentstromal cells of bone marrow origin (AMSCBMO)to accelerate the healing of mandibular bonedefect were studied by fluorescent microscopy ininbred male Wag rats aged 6 months (n=62). Afterthe introduction of polyhydroxyalkanoate transplantcontaining adsorbed AMSCBMO with a transfectedGreen Fluorescent Protein (GFP) gene into adamaged bone area, the lymphoid nodules insubmandibular lymph nodes demonstrated theappearance of numerous large macrophagescontaining multiple oval fluorescent inclusions inthe cytoplasm. The number of these macrophagesincreased within 2 weeks after surgery and thenbegan to decline. Apparently, AMSCBMOintroduced in this way, were partially absorbed bymacrophages. After destruction of the structuresformed from AMSCBMO, the debris was alsophagocytized by macrophages. In either case,these macrophages appeared in the germinalcenters of lymphoid nodules in lymph nodes,where the induction of immune responses againstDNA and GFP protein was probable.

The aim of the study was the morphologicalanalysis of the effect of exposure to low-intensityinfrared laser radiation on reparative osteogenesisand angiogenesis in bone regenerate formedduring the treatment of fracture under theconditions of transosseous osteosynthesis. In theexperiment on rats in control (n=16) andexperimental (n=16) groups the fracture of the tibiawas modeled, and the reposition and fixation ofbone fragments with a device for transosseousosteosynthesis was carried out. In animals of theexperimental group, the area of the fracture wasexposed to pulsed infrared laser radiation of lowintensity. In the group of control animals, similarexposure was imitated. The operated bones werestudied using radiography, light and electronmicroscopy, x-ray electron probe microanalysis. Itwas found that the sessions of laser irradiationreduced the severity of the inflammatory process,stimulated fibrillogenesis and endovascularcapillary growth, accelerated the compaction of thenewly formed bone, increased the degree of itsmaturity, with the fracture healing occurring byprimary-type mechanism. Laser therapy of thefracture area provides for the formation of boneregenerate and bone fragment unification at anearlier date.

Analysis of cytoarchitectonics of the basolateralnucleus (BLN) of the brain amygdala wasperformed in cresyl violetstained frontal paraffinsections of the brain in 10 alcoholpreferring (AP)and 10 alcohol-nonpreferring (ANP) rats (with anequal number of male and female animals in eachgroup). The presence of large and small neuronswas detected in BLN. Most of the large neurons inAP rats had the character of chromoneutral andmoderately chromophilic cells, while in ANP ratsthese cells were moderately chromophobic.Application of Golgi method demonstrated that theequivalents of large neurons were long-axonaldensely branched pyramid-like neurons, and thoseof small-sized neurons — short-axonal neurons.The determination of the ratio of large and smallsizedneurons showed that in AP rats theproportion of latter was 12.3±0.6%, while in theANP rats it was significantly greater —19.70±0.23%. These results help to explain thepreviously obtained data on larger specific area ofBLN in amygdala of ANP rats by the presence ofgreater number of interneurons than in AP rats.

The experiment was aimed at studying thestructural reorganization of the knee joint synoviumin dogs with modeling of primary osteoarthrosis(MOP) and tibial lengthening (TL). The methods oflight microscopy and histomorphometry of semithinepoxy sections were used to assess the thicknessof synovial surface layer, number of synoviocytelayers, characterize the cells, to measure thenumerical density of vessels, and to define thechanges of the nerves and cell composition of thesubsynovial layer. In MOP-group, thepredominance of type А synoviocytes,hypovascularity and irreversible changes in thenerves of subsynovial sheath were observed. InTL-group, the diversity of type В synoviocyte formsand sizes, hypervascularity of subsynovial layerand signs of its re-innervation were detected. It isconcluded that the hyperplastic synoviopathy ispossible in cases of both hypo- andhypervascularization of subsinovial layer.

In the period from 2005 to 2013 the age dynamicsof indices of physical development was studied in1466 adolescent students aged from 17 to 21years born in Magadan. Studies have shown thatthe growth of the body length in boys in Magadanstopped at 17 years, whereas in the period of 19,20 and 21 years, an increase in the body mass andchest circumference relative to the length of thebody was detected, which, in turn, lead to anincrease in the strength of the physique. All of thesurveyed youths were characterized by aproportional and harmonious types of physicaldevelopment.

The expression of choline acetyltransferase(ChAT), neurofilament (NF) protein 200 kDa,calbindin (CAB) 28 kDa, neuronal NO-synthase(nNOS), caspase 3, Ki-67 was studied in motorneurons from TIII–TV segments of the spinal cordin C57/ BL6 male mice by immunohistochemicalmethods 12 h after a 30 days-long space flight onthe Bion-M1 biosatellite. Mice living under standardvivarium conditions served as a control. Themotoneurons of experimental animalsdemonstrated the reactive changes that weremanifested by the increase of their size, decreasein the number of subpopulations expressing ChATand NF, increase of subpopulations containingCAB, appearance of motor neurons expressingnNOS, caspase-3, and the absence of Ki-67. Thelack of proliferating gliocytes, the preservation ofnucleolar component indicate the absence ofnecrobiotic changes characteristic of necrosis. Thecytoplasmic vacuolization was observed inthionine-stained CAB-immunoreactive neurons.The disintegration of motor neurons into fragmentsresembling the apoptotic bodies was observed insingle cells that contained caspase-3.

This work was performed on the offspring of 5 outbred female albino rats to give a comparative immunohistochemical evaluation of doublecortin (DCX) and NeuN expression in the neurons of the cerebellar cortex and nucleus interpositus in the early postnatal ontogenesis (postnatal days 2-15). DCX expression was detected in postmitotic neurons of the external granular layer and migrating neurons of the cerebellar cortex. At postnatal days 2 and 7 DCX expression in neocerebellum was higher than in paleocerebellum. NeuN expression was found to appear in migrating granule neurons, and reach the maximum in mature neurons of internal granular layer. DCX expression was not detected in Purkinje cells and in the nucleus interpositus of the cerebellum. In neurons of the nucleus interpositus the expression of NeuN progressively increased from postnatal days 2 to 15. Thus, a comparative immunohistochemical study of the dynamics of the expression of the pair of molecular markers studied proved to be an effective way of the assessment of the development of granular neurons of the cerebellum in early postnatal ontogenesis.

The goal of this study was to examine the contents of D114 and Jag-1 angiogenesis regulators in human dermis at different age periods. D114 and Jag-1 were demonstrated by indirect immunohistochemistry in skin sections of fetuses of 20-40 gestational weeks and in persons aged from birth to 85 years. D114 was studied in 150 skin samples of 72 females and 78 males, while Jag-1 was examined in 120 samples of 58 females and 62 males. It is found that the immunoreactivity was mainly expressed by the endothelial cells. Vessels, which gave a positive reaction to D114 and Jag-1, were found throughout the entire thickness of the dermis, both in fetuses, and people of all age groups. Expression of D114 in the vessels of dermal microvasculature was shown to increase from 20 weeks of gestation to 20 years. With the further age increase, the intensity of the reaction of blood vessels for D114 was decreased. Expression of Jag-1 in dermal microvessels was enhanced from 20 weeks of gestation to 85 years. The results are discussed in connection with the role of D114 and Jag-1 in angiogenesis in human dermis during ontogeny.

The relationship of biological age with the indicesof body mass, body composition, and constitutionaltype was studied in 832 students aged 18–22years (302 youths and 530 girls). To determine thebiological age, the method of V. P. Voytenko(1981) was used that allowed to establishfunctional class, rate of aging and health condition.It was found that almost half of the students hadpoor health associated with the accelerated rate ofbiological aging. A decline in the proportion ofactive cell mass and an increase in body fat masswas noted. In 40.6% of students with normalvalues of body mass index, excessive amount ofbody fat was determined by bioimpedance method.62.2% of the students with an accelerated rate ofbiological aging had an increased content of a fatcomponent in the body.