Alexandra Proshchina, Yevgeniy М. Dremin, Anastasia S. Kharlamova, Dmitriy A. Otlyga, Olga S. Godovalova, Yu. S. Krivova, Evgeniya O. Grushetskaya, Sergey V. Saveliev
BACKGROUND: The information about intrauterine maturation of the human brain is fragmentary, which make it necessary to systematize these data in the form of an information reference system. A modern solution would be the creation of a multimodal digital atlas, which would combine images of the developing brain at the macro-morphological, tissue, and cellular levels.
AIM: The aim of this study was to create a prototype of an informational reference system on human brain development, incorporating a digital multimodal atlas with the ability to view specific brain regions.
METHODS: The creation of a prototype informational reference system on human brain prenatal morphogenesis involved the following stages: researching the subject area, developing an informational model, defining automation tasks and functionality of the information system, selecting hardware and software tools, testing, and analyzing results.
RESULTS: Based on the analysis, a prototype of the informational reference system "Human Brain Development Atlas" has been developed, consisting of three main blocks for each ontogenetic stage:
1) "Description of Brain Development Stage": This section includes a macroscopic description of brain structure, an overview of key morphogenetic events, and galleries with hematoxylin and eosin, Nissl, and Mallory stained sections.
2) "Reference Atlases": This module contains annotated maps of brain sections at different stages of prenatal ontogenesis.
3) "Immunohistochemical Atlases": This module provides data on the developmental translational profile of brain cells.
Currently, some of the materials are already available on the project website: https://brainmorphology.science/ru/
CONCLUSION: Modern information technologies can be used for data collection and processing on human brain prenatal morphogenesis. The creation of an informational reference system on human brain prenatal morphogenesis can contribute to the development of new methods for early diagnosis and treatment of various nervous system disorders.
{"title":"Information-reference system on human brain development","authors":"Alexandra Proshchina, Yevgeniy М. Dremin, Anastasia S. Kharlamova, Dmitriy A. Otlyga, Olga S. Godovalova, Yu. S. Krivova, Evgeniya O. Grushetskaya, Sergey V. Saveliev","doi":"10.17816/morph.603840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/morph.603840","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: The information about intrauterine maturation of the human brain is fragmentary, which make it necessary to systematize these data in the form of an information reference system. A modern solution would be the creation of a multimodal digital atlas, which would combine images of the developing brain at the macro-morphological, tissue, and cellular levels.
 AIM: The aim of this study was to create a prototype of an informational reference system on human brain development, incorporating a digital multimodal atlas with the ability to view specific brain regions.
 METHODS: The creation of a prototype informational reference system on human brain prenatal morphogenesis involved the following stages: researching the subject area, developing an informational model, defining automation tasks and functionality of the information system, selecting hardware and software tools, testing, and analyzing results.
 RESULTS: Based on the analysis, a prototype of the informational reference system \"Human Brain Development Atlas\" has been developed, consisting of three main blocks for each ontogenetic stage:
 1) \"Description of Brain Development Stage\": This section includes a macroscopic description of brain structure, an overview of key morphogenetic events, and galleries with hematoxylin and eosin, Nissl, and Mallory stained sections.
 2) \"Reference Atlases\": This module contains annotated maps of brain sections at different stages of prenatal ontogenesis.
 3) \"Immunohistochemical Atlases\": This module provides data on the developmental translational profile of brain cells.
 Currently, some of the materials are already available on the project website: https://brainmorphology.science/ru/
 CONCLUSION: Modern information technologies can be used for data collection and processing on human brain prenatal morphogenesis. The creation of an informational reference system on human brain prenatal morphogenesis can contribute to the development of new methods for early diagnosis and treatment of various nervous system disorders.","PeriodicalId":74226,"journal":{"name":"Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia)","volume":"139 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136068526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dina Sufieva, Elena A. Fedorova, Vladislav S. Yakovlev, Igor P. Grigor’ev
ACKGROUND: Connexin 43 is one of the important gap junction proteins of astrocytes and is required for intercellular communication. To date, data on gap junctions in the human pineal gland are scarce, and connexin 43 has not been previously studied in this organ.
AIM: The study was aimed to develop a method for the simultaneous detection of the gap junction marker connexin 43 (Cx43) and the astrocyte marker glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the human pineal gland.
METHODS: Fixed and paraffin-embedded samples of the human pineal gland (n = 4) were used in the study. For the simultaneous detection of Cx43 and GFAP in the human pineal gland, immunohistochemistry was used followed by analysis using a LSM800 confocal laser scanning microscope (Zeiss, Germany).
RESULTS: Our immunohistochemical study for the first time showed the presence of the gap junction protein connexin 43 in the human pineal gland. The confocal microscopy with double immunolabeling of Cx43 and GFAP proteins visualized the individual clusters of connexin 43-containing structures that were undistinguishable under transmitted light microscopy, and also to show the localization of the connexin 43 on the membrane of astrocyte-like cells.
CONCLUSION: The developed method makes it possible to determine Cx43-positive structures in human pineal tissue, which are localized mostly in the area of processes of astrocyte-like cells.
{"title":"The method of simultaneous detection of connexin 43 and astrocyte-like cells in the human pineal gland.","authors":"Dina Sufieva, Elena A. Fedorova, Vladislav S. Yakovlev, Igor P. Grigor’ev","doi":"10.17816/morph.569156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/morph.569156","url":null,"abstract":"ACKGROUND: Connexin 43 is one of the important gap junction proteins of astrocytes and is required for intercellular communication. To date, data on gap junctions in the human pineal gland are scarce, and connexin 43 has not been previously studied in this organ.
 AIM: The study was aimed to develop a method for the simultaneous detection of the gap junction marker connexin 43 (Cx43) and the astrocyte marker glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the human pineal gland.
 METHODS: Fixed and paraffin-embedded samples of the human pineal gland (n = 4) were used in the study. For the simultaneous detection of Cx43 and GFAP in the human pineal gland, immunohistochemistry was used followed by analysis using a LSM800 confocal laser scanning microscope (Zeiss, Germany).
 RESULTS: Our immunohistochemical study for the first time showed the presence of the gap junction protein connexin 43 in the human pineal gland. The confocal microscopy with double immunolabeling of Cx43 and GFAP proteins visualized the individual clusters of connexin 43-containing structures that were undistinguishable under transmitted light microscopy, and also to show the localization of the connexin 43 on the membrane of astrocyte-like cells.
 CONCLUSION: The developed method makes it possible to determine Cx43-positive structures in human pineal tissue, which are localized mostly in the area of processes of astrocyte-like cells.","PeriodicalId":74226,"journal":{"name":"Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia)","volume":"54 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134909033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Decidualization is a dynamic, multi-step process that differentiates elongated endometrial stromal cells into round, epithelioid-like decidual cells in response to rising progesterone levels. Decidual stromal cells play an important role throughout pregnancy by creating a tolerant microenvironment, the decidua, to suppress the maternal immune response and prevent rejection of the allogeneic fetus. Along with this, decidualization plays an important role not only in the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy, prevention of early losses, modulation of the immune response, but also in the control of the onset of labor, regulation of trophoblast invasion, and embryo selection. They have immunomodulatory properties in relation to cells of innate and adaptive immunity. Pregnancy maintenance requires selective elimination of pro-inflammatory senescent decidual cells by activated uterine NK cells.
Data on various populations of decidualizing endometrial stromal cells are presented and three subtypes of them with different functional characteristics are distinguished: predecidual, decidual, transitional and senescent subpopulations.
An increase in the number of the latter with a pro-inflammatory phenotype leads to pregnancy losses. This review analyzes the literature data on decidualization and its role in the genesis of miscarriage and highlights the important contribution of decidual stromal cells to the microenvironment and their direct or indirect influence on the recruitment, distribution and function of immune cells, on the remodeling of the extracellular matrix and the formation of the placenta. When preparing the review, a search was made for publications in the scientific databases of the RSCI, Scopus, Pubmed, Web of Sience and Google Scholar for the period 2013-2023.
蜕细胞化是一个动态的、多步骤的过程，随着孕激素水平的升高，细长的子宫内膜基质细胞分化为圆形的上皮样蜕细胞。蜕膜间质细胞在整个妊娠过程中发挥重要作用，通过创造一个耐受微环境，蜕膜，抑制母体免疫反应，防止异体胎儿的排斥反应。与此同时，脱个体化不仅在妊娠的建立和维持、早期损失的预防、免疫反应的调节等方面发挥着重要作用，而且在控制分娩开始、调节滋养细胞侵袭和胚胎选择等方面也发挥着重要作用。它们具有与先天免疫和适应性免疫细胞相关的免疫调节特性。妊娠维持需要通过活化的子宫NK细胞选择性消除促炎衰老的蜕膜细胞。
本文介绍了不同群体的子宫内膜间质细胞的资料，并区分了具有不同功能特征的三种亚型:先发亚群、蜕膜亚群、过渡性亚群和衰老亚群。
后者具有促炎表型的数量增加导致妊娠损失。本文对脱胞化及其在流产发生中的作用的文献资料进行了分析，强调了脱胞基质细胞对微环境的重要贡献及其对免疫细胞的募集、分布和功能、细胞外基质的重塑和胎盘形成的直接或间接影响。在准备综述时，检索了2013-2023年期间RSCI、Scopus、Pubmed、Web of science和Google Scholar等科学数据库中的出版物。
{"title":"MORPHOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR FEATURES OF DECIDUAL ENDOMETRIAL CELLS IN CASE OF MISCARRIAGES","authors":"Tatiana Anatolyevna Gusarova, Natalia Victorovna Nizyaeva, Sergey Alexandrovich Mikhalev, Natalya Borisovna Tikhonova, Darya Alexandrovna Orgadeeva, Liudmila M. Mikhaleva, Olga Viktorovna Sharapova","doi":"10.17816/morph.508661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/morph.508661","url":null,"abstract":"Decidualization is a dynamic, multi-step process that differentiates elongated endometrial stromal cells into round, epithelioid-like decidual cells in response to rising progesterone levels. Decidual stromal cells play an important role throughout pregnancy by creating a tolerant microenvironment, the decidua, to suppress the maternal immune response and prevent rejection of the allogeneic fetus. Along with this, decidualization plays an important role not only in the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy, prevention of early losses, modulation of the immune response, but also in the control of the onset of labor, regulation of trophoblast invasion, and embryo selection. They have immunomodulatory properties in relation to cells of innate and adaptive immunity. Pregnancy maintenance requires selective elimination of pro-inflammatory senescent decidual cells by activated uterine NK cells.
 Data on various populations of decidualizing endometrial stromal cells are presented and three subtypes of them with different functional characteristics are distinguished: predecidual, decidual, transitional and senescent subpopulations.
 An increase in the number of the latter with a pro-inflammatory phenotype leads to pregnancy losses. This review analyzes the literature data on decidualization and its role in the genesis of miscarriage and highlights the important contribution of decidual stromal cells to the microenvironment and their direct or indirect influence on the recruitment, distribution and function of immune cells, on the remodeling of the extracellular matrix and the formation of the placenta. When preparing the review, a search was made for publications in the scientific databases of the RSCI, Scopus, Pubmed, Web of Sience and Google Scholar for the period 2013-2023.","PeriodicalId":74226,"journal":{"name":"Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134908373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article is dedicated to the prominent Russian morphologist, Head of the Department of Histology of the Ural State Medical University, Honoured Worker of Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor Sergey Vladimirovich Sazonov. On 17 May 2023 he turned 60 years old. Sergey Vladimirovich devoted his whole life to science, teaching, and his alma mater - Ural State Medical University (USMU). He opened a number of research and diagnostic laboratories in the Ural Federal District, continuously created and mastered new methods and new research technologies, introduced them into clinical medicine and education. Sergey Vladimirovich was one of the organisers and the first technical secretary of the first scientific medical journal in our region - the Vestnik of the Ural State Medical Academy (now the Vestnik of the Ural State Medical University). Sergey Vladimirovich successfully carried out material and technical re-equipment of the Department of Histology at USMU, created a completely new in content multimedia course of lectures, and now he actively carries out digital transformation of his discipline, skilfully manages the creation of electronic educational resources in histology. The article reflects the stages of life and creativity of Professor S.V. Sazonov, his main scientific achievements, professional and personal qualities.
{"title":"S.V. Sazonov. To the 60th anniversary of the birth.","authors":"Marina Mikhalkina","doi":"10.17816/morph.568237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/morph.568237","url":null,"abstract":"The article is dedicated to the prominent Russian morphologist, Head of the Department of Histology of the Ural State Medical University, Honoured Worker of Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor Sergey Vladimirovich Sazonov. On 17 May 2023 he turned 60 years old. Sergey Vladimirovich devoted his whole life to science, teaching, and his alma mater - Ural State Medical University (USMU). He opened a number of research and diagnostic laboratories in the Ural Federal District, continuously created and mastered new methods and new research technologies, introduced them into clinical medicine and education. Sergey Vladimirovich was one of the organisers and the first technical secretary of the first scientific medical journal in our region - the Vestnik of the Ural State Medical Academy (now the Vestnik of the Ural State Medical University). Sergey Vladimirovich successfully carried out material and technical re-equipment of the Department of Histology at USMU, created a completely new in content multimedia course of lectures, and now he actively carries out digital transformation of his discipline, skilfully manages the creation of electronic educational resources in histology. The article reflects the stages of life and creativity of Professor S.V. Sazonov, his main scientific achievements, professional and personal qualities.","PeriodicalId":74226,"journal":{"name":"Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia)","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136293856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liudmila M. Mikhaleva, Ksenia S Maslenkina, Andrey E Birukov
Rare pattern of endometrial carcinoma microglandular-like pattern which appearance resembles microglandular hyperplasia of endocervix is described in the article. Similarity with the benign lesion makes difficult to diagnose this pattern of carcinoma, especially in tiny specimens. Moreover, it raises a question whether the tumor originates from uterine corpus or cervix. Microglandular-like adenocarcinoma of endometrium may represent an individual type of carcinoma or combine with endometrioid or mucinous carcinoma. Immunohistochemical evaluation is recommended for precise diagnosis: microglandular-like adenocarcinoma expresses both markers typical for cervical carcinomas p16, СК17, CEA and markers typical for endometrial carcinomas estrogen, vimentin, CD10. Presence of foamy macrophages in stroma of the tumor and intraglandular foci of squamous differentiation help in differential diagnosis with microglandular hyperplasia of endocervix. Immunohistochemical evaluation also facilitates differential diagnosis: negative expression of PAX2 and high mitotic index (Ki67 10%) favors microglandular-like adenocarcinoma.
{"title":"Rare case of microglandular-like adenocarcinoma of endometrium","authors":"Liudmila M. Mikhaleva, Ksenia S Maslenkina, Andrey E Birukov","doi":"10.17816/morph.568947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/morph.568947","url":null,"abstract":"Rare pattern of endometrial carcinoma microglandular-like pattern which appearance resembles microglandular hyperplasia of endocervix is described in the article. Similarity with the benign lesion makes difficult to diagnose this pattern of carcinoma, especially in tiny specimens. Moreover, it raises a question whether the tumor originates from uterine corpus or cervix. Microglandular-like adenocarcinoma of endometrium may represent an individual type of carcinoma or combine with endometrioid or mucinous carcinoma. Immunohistochemical evaluation is recommended for precise diagnosis: microglandular-like adenocarcinoma expresses both markers typical for cervical carcinomas p16, СК17, CEA and markers typical for endometrial carcinomas estrogen, vimentin, CD10. Presence of foamy macrophages in stroma of the tumor and intraglandular foci of squamous differentiation help in differential diagnosis with microglandular hyperplasia of endocervix. Immunohistochemical evaluation also facilitates differential diagnosis: negative expression of PAX2 and high mitotic index (Ki67 10%) favors microglandular-like adenocarcinoma.","PeriodicalId":74226,"journal":{"name":"Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136353260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the study was to study the morphological changes in the liver tissues of laboratory rats under the influence of ecotoxicants and during perinatal prophylaxis.
The experiment was carried out on white outbred rats weighing 180-250. A total of 50 animals were involved in the experiment. All animals were divided into 5 groups: control and 4 experimental. All animals of the experimental groups were subjected to inhalation effects of gasoline and formaldehyde vapors, in the 1st (control) group, only poisoning with ecotoxicants was used, in the 2nd group, against the background of poisoning with ecotoxicants, peptinsorbent was used, in the 3rd group - a membrane protector - magnolia vine, in the 4th group beets, in the 5th experimental group - peptinsorbent, membrane protector and beets.
The structure of the liver of rat pups born from female rats subjected to subchronic poisoning with gasoline and formaldehyde throughout pregnancy has pronounced pathomorphological signs characteristic of hepatosis, turning into toxic hepatitis. The use of lemongrass, peptinsorbent and beetroot separately, along with intoxication of pregnant rats, somewhat reduced the degree of pathomorphological changes in the liver of born rats, but not drastically. Against the background of using a combined mixture (peptinsorbent + lemongrass "membrane protector" + beetroot) in subsequently born rat pups, the structure of the liver is relatively better than in the control group, with the exception of certain areas of the liver, in which hemostasis and moderately pronounced dystrophic changes in hepatocytes are detected. Based on the results of the experimental study, it can be concluded that the combined mixture (peptinsorbent + lemongrass "membranoprotector" + beetroot) is effective as a hepatoprotective agent for liver damage by ecotoxicants.
{"title":"MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN LIVER RATS TISSUES UNDER THE EXPOSURE OF ECOTOXICANTS AND PERINATAL PROPHYLAXIS","authors":"Natalya Vyacheslavovna Makusheva, Oleg Sergeevich Chuikin, Galiya Rafgatovna Shakirova, Natalya Vladimirovna Kudashkina, Sergey Vitalievich Averyanov","doi":"10.17816/morph.296577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/morph.296577","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to study the morphological changes in the liver tissues of laboratory rats under the influence of ecotoxicants and during perinatal prophylaxis.
 The experiment was carried out on white outbred rats weighing 180-250. A total of 50 animals were involved in the experiment. All animals were divided into 5 groups: control and 4 experimental. All animals of the experimental groups were subjected to inhalation effects of gasoline and formaldehyde vapors, in the 1st (control) group, only poisoning with ecotoxicants was used, in the 2nd group, against the background of poisoning with ecotoxicants, peptinsorbent was used, in the 3rd group - a membrane protector - magnolia vine, in the 4th group beets, in the 5th experimental group - peptinsorbent, membrane protector and beets.
 The structure of the liver of rat pups born from female rats subjected to subchronic poisoning with gasoline and formaldehyde throughout pregnancy has pronounced pathomorphological signs characteristic of hepatosis, turning into toxic hepatitis. The use of lemongrass, peptinsorbent and beetroot separately, along with intoxication of pregnant rats, somewhat reduced the degree of pathomorphological changes in the liver of born rats, but not drastically. Against the background of using a combined mixture (peptinsorbent + lemongrass \"membrane protector\" + beetroot) in subsequently born rat pups, the structure of the liver is relatively better than in the control group, with the exception of certain areas of the liver, in which hemostasis and moderately pronounced dystrophic changes in hepatocytes are detected. Based on the results of the experimental study, it can be concluded that the combined mixture (peptinsorbent + lemongrass \"membranoprotector\" + beetroot) is effective as a hepatoprotective agent for liver damage by ecotoxicants.","PeriodicalId":74226,"journal":{"name":"Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135351629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oleg P. Miklin, Aleksandra A. Davydova, Anna N. Sulima, Zoya S. Rumyantseva, Oksana V. Gudz, Sergei A. Simchin, Polina A. Yermachkova
The kidneys play a central role for the developing pregnancy, responding to andcontributing to changes in the environment for the woman and the fetus. Impaired renal functionduring pregnancy is a fairly common and serious complication. Understanding normal physiologyduring pregnancy provides a basis for further study of the changes during pregnancy that lead toimpaired renal function and may provide the key to its better management. This review systematizesinformation about physiologic changes in the kidneys before pregnancy, during the normalprogression of pregnancy, and when abnormal conditions are present or develop for a variety ofreasons.
{"title":"CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT AND FUNCTIONING OF THE KIDNEYS IN WOMEN","authors":"Oleg P. Miklin, Aleksandra A. Davydova, Anna N. Sulima, Zoya S. Rumyantseva, Oksana V. Gudz, Sergei A. Simchin, Polina A. Yermachkova","doi":"10.17816/morph.501803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/morph.501803","url":null,"abstract":"The kidneys play a central role for the developing pregnancy, responding to andcontributing to changes in the environment for the woman and the fetus. Impaired renal functionduring pregnancy is a fairly common and serious complication. Understanding normal physiologyduring pregnancy provides a basis for further study of the changes during pregnancy that lead toimpaired renal function and may provide the key to its better management. This review systematizesinformation about physiologic changes in the kidneys before pregnancy, during the normalprogression of pregnancy, and when abnormal conditions are present or develop for a variety ofreasons.","PeriodicalId":74226,"journal":{"name":"Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia)","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135351656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anna V. Andreeva, Ivan M. Kobelev, Konstantin N. Kovrov, Gleb O. Samburov, Valeriya A. Kukhtina
Ivan Nikitich Matochkin (1899 - 1973) is a prominent anatomist of the Soviet era, whose life story, as well as scientific and organizational work, should not be forgotten. He became one of the few outstanding personalities who, having been born in the countryside and striving for knowledge, achieved high results in the professional field. Of particular note is the work of Professor Matochkin in Arkhangelsk, where he arrived from Kazan to head the Department of Normal Anatomy of the Arkhangelsk State Medical Institute (ASMI) in 1940. The list of his merits should include the development of the department headed by him, participation in the organization of the Arkhangelsk branch of the All-Russian Scientific Society of Anatomists, Histologists and Embryologists, the Society Knowledge, numerous scientific works on neuromorphology and angiology, the publication of scientific collections on research topics, management of ASMI, defense of dissertations by many students of Professor Matochkin, which opened the way for them to a bright scientific future. All the significance that the department of normal anatomy, the university to which he devoted many years of his life, was for Ivan Nikitich, allows us to understand the bequeathed heart of the professor. In this article, in addition to the main milestones in the life of Professor I.N. Matochkin, previously unknown archival data are presented that complement the pages of the biography of the scientist.
Ivan Nikitich Matochkin(1899 - 1973)是苏联时代杰出的解剖学家，他的生平，以及他在科学和组织方面的工作，都不应该被遗忘。他成为少数出身农村，勇于求知，在专业领域取得优异成绩的杰出人士之一。特别值得注意的是Matochkin教授在阿尔汉格尔斯克的工作，他于1940年从喀山来到这里，担任阿尔汉格尔斯克国立医学院(ASMI)正常解剖学系主任。他的功绩应该包括:发展了他领导的部门，参与组织了全俄解剖学家、组织学家和胚胎学家科学学会阿尔汉格尔斯克分会，出版了大量关于神经形态学和血管学的科学著作，出版了关于研究课题的科学文集，管理了ASMI，为马托奇金教授的许多学生的论文辩护，这为他们开辟了一条通往光明科学未来的道路。正常解剖系，这所他为之奉献了多年生命的大学，对伊万·尼基奇的意义，使我们能够理解这位教授的遗赠之心。在这篇文章中，除了马托奇金教授一生中的主要里程碑之外，还介绍了以前不为人知的档案数据，以补充这位科学家的传记。
{"title":"He bequeathed his heart to science. To the 125th anniversary of the birth of anatomist, professor I.N. Matochkin","authors":"Anna V. Andreeva, Ivan M. Kobelev, Konstantin N. Kovrov, Gleb O. Samburov, Valeriya A. Kukhtina","doi":"10.17816/morph.567793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/morph.567793","url":null,"abstract":"Ivan Nikitich Matochkin (1899 - 1973) is a prominent anatomist of the Soviet era, whose life story, as well as scientific and organizational work, should not be forgotten. He became one of the few outstanding personalities who, having been born in the countryside and striving for knowledge, achieved high results in the professional field. Of particular note is the work of Professor Matochkin in Arkhangelsk, where he arrived from Kazan to head the Department of Normal Anatomy of the Arkhangelsk State Medical Institute (ASMI) in 1940. The list of his merits should include the development of the department headed by him, participation in the organization of the Arkhangelsk branch of the All-Russian Scientific Society of Anatomists, Histologists and Embryologists, the Society Knowledge, numerous scientific works on neuromorphology and angiology, the publication of scientific collections on research topics, management of ASMI, defense of dissertations by many students of Professor Matochkin, which opened the way for them to a bright scientific future. All the significance that the department of normal anatomy, the university to which he devoted many years of his life, was for Ivan Nikitich, allows us to understand the bequeathed heart of the professor. In this article, in addition to the main milestones in the life of Professor I.N. Matochkin, previously unknown archival data are presented that complement the pages of the biography of the scientist.","PeriodicalId":74226,"journal":{"name":"Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia)","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135351939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Evgenii Chumasov, Nicolay Maistrenko, Pavel N. Romashchenko, Vadim Samedov, Elena Petrova, Dmitry Korzhevskii
BACKGROUND: Studies on basal lamins (BL) in the enteric nervous system are few and are carried out on experimental models, performed on animals. The structure and localization of BL, their cellular sources of origin in the gastrointestinal tract in normal and pathological conditions remain poorly studied.AIM: Study of morphological features and distribution of BL in human colon tissues and their changes in pathology.METHODS: Fragments of the large intestine, obtained as a result of surgery for chronic slow-transit constipation, were studied. The marker of BL, collagenIV, as well as neuronal and glial IHC-markers (PGP9.5 protein, GFAP, S100) were used in the work.RESULTS: It has been shown that the greatest immunoreactivity within the intestinal wall is observed in the myenteric membrane, weak - in the vessels of the submucosa, locally expressed - in the subepithelial region of the mucous membrane. BLs were found around the smooth muscle cells of the longitudinal and concentric layers of the muscular membrane, mucous membrane, veins and arteries, as well as in the endothelium. It has been shown that the Auerbach's plexus is delimited from closely adjacent muscle layers of a continuous BM, similar to the basal plate (glia limitans) of the CNS. It is clearly defined by its appearance - it has the form of a continuous hollow tubular structure. The sources of the formation of the BL around the ganglia of Auerbach and Meissner's plexuses are various glial elements. In the first plexus, astrocyte-like and non-myelinated Schwann cells, and in the second plexus, glia of the ANS (satellite cells and neurolemmocytes of postganglionic nerve fibers).CONCLUSION: For the first time, the transition of BL from the Auerbach's plexus to numerous basal plates of neurolemmocytes of the Remakov fibers of the main terminal nerve plexus, which are involved in the innervation of the smooth muscle cells of the muscular membrane, is shown. Signs of dystrophic changes in the BL structure associated with changes in chronic slow transit constipation (edema, inflammatory reactions, manifestations of agangliosis, gliosis, focal denervation of muscle cells, degeneration of nerve endings) are shown in the work.
{"title":"MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF BASAL LAMINAS OF ENTERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM STRUCTURES IN CHRONIC SLOW TRANSIT CONSTIPATION","authors":"Evgenii Chumasov, Nicolay Maistrenko, Pavel N. Romashchenko, Vadim Samedov, Elena Petrova, Dmitry Korzhevskii","doi":"10.17816/morph.532709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/morph.532709","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Studies on basal lamins (BL) in the enteric nervous system are few and are carried out on experimental models, performed on animals. The structure and localization of BL, their cellular sources of origin in the gastrointestinal tract in normal and pathological conditions remain poorly studied.AIM: Study of morphological features and distribution of BL in human colon tissues and their changes in pathology.METHODS: Fragments of the large intestine, obtained as a result of surgery for chronic slow-transit constipation, were studied. The marker of BL, collagenIV, as well as neuronal and glial IHC-markers (PGP9.5 protein, GFAP, S100) were used in the work.RESULTS: It has been shown that the greatest immunoreactivity within the intestinal wall is observed in the myenteric membrane, weak - in the vessels of the submucosa, locally expressed - in the subepithelial region of the mucous membrane. BLs were found around the smooth muscle cells of the longitudinal and concentric layers of the muscular membrane, mucous membrane, veins and arteries, as well as in the endothelium. It has been shown that the Auerbach's plexus is delimited from closely adjacent muscle layers of a continuous BM, similar to the basal plate (glia limitans) of the CNS. It is clearly defined by its appearance - it has the form of a continuous hollow tubular structure. The sources of the formation of the BL around the ganglia of Auerbach and Meissner's plexuses are various glial elements. In the first plexus, astrocyte-like and non-myelinated Schwann cells, and in the second plexus, glia of the ANS (satellite cells and neurolemmocytes of postganglionic nerve fibers).CONCLUSION: For the first time, the transition of BL from the Auerbach's plexus to numerous basal plates of neurolemmocytes of the Remakov fibers of the main terminal nerve plexus, which are involved in the innervation of the smooth muscle cells of the muscular membrane, is shown. Signs of dystrophic changes in the BL structure associated with changes in chronic slow transit constipation (edema, inflammatory reactions, manifestations of agangliosis, gliosis, focal denervation of muscle cells, degeneration of nerve endings) are shown in the work.","PeriodicalId":74226,"journal":{"name":"Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135352444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tatiana Tsekhmistrenko, Dmitry K. Obukhov, Sami Omar
The aim was to study age-related changes in cytoarchitecture in functionally differentiated zones of the posterior associative cortex in the temporal and occipital lobes of the cerebral hemispheres in children from birth to 12 years of age.
Materials and Methods. The study material included 73 left cerebral hemispheres of male children from birth to 12 years of age who died as a result of an accident. Computerized morphometry was used to measure cortical thickness, outer pyramidal plate thickness, and pyramidal neuron profile field area on Nissl-stained paraffin sections of the cortex taken in the temporoparietal-occipital subarea (subareas 37ac, 37a, 37d) and area 19 of the occipital region. Quantitative data were analyzed at annual intervals.
Results. The thickness of the posterior associative cortex in children increased on the lateral surface of the temporal and occipital lobes at 1, 4, and 7 years, on the inferior medial surface of the temporal lobe at 1 and 6 years, and on its medial surface at 1 and 7 years. The significant increase in layer III thickness in subareas 37ac, 37a and 37d occurred synchronously with the increase in cortical cross-sectional area, and in area 19 it continued from 4 to 7 years after the stabilization of the group-average indicators of cortical thickness in this field. All areas examined were characterized by a two-step growth of cortical thickness, which exceeded the growth rate of layer III thickness in relation to total cortical cross-section. The size of pyramidal neurons in subareas 37ac and 37d increased in two stages, while those in subarea 37a and area 19 increased in three stages of different duration.
Conclusions. Microstructural changes in the posterior associative cortex in children are heterochronic, heterodynamic, and specialized not only in topographically and functionally distinct cortical areas, but also in separate cytoarchitectonic fields, subfields, and at the level of cytoarchitectonic layers and intracortical microstructural components. The most significant morphofunctional transformations are observed during the first year of life, as well as at 3-4, 6-7, and 10 years of age.
{"title":"Age-related changes in the microstructural organization of the human posterior associative cortex from birth to 12 years","authors":"Tatiana Tsekhmistrenko, Dmitry K. Obukhov, Sami Omar","doi":"10.17816/morph.562844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/morph.562844","url":null,"abstract":"The aim was to study age-related changes in cytoarchitecture in functionally differentiated zones of the posterior associative cortex in the temporal and occipital lobes of the cerebral hemispheres in children from birth to 12 years of age.
 Materials and Methods. The study material included 73 left cerebral hemispheres of male children from birth to 12 years of age who died as a result of an accident. Computerized morphometry was used to measure cortical thickness, outer pyramidal plate thickness, and pyramidal neuron profile field area on Nissl-stained paraffin sections of the cortex taken in the temporoparietal-occipital subarea (subareas 37ac, 37a, 37d) and area 19 of the occipital region. Quantitative data were analyzed at annual intervals.
 Results. The thickness of the posterior associative cortex in children increased on the lateral surface of the temporal and occipital lobes at 1, 4, and 7 years, on the inferior medial surface of the temporal lobe at 1 and 6 years, and on its medial surface at 1 and 7 years. The significant increase in layer III thickness in subareas 37ac, 37a and 37d occurred synchronously with the increase in cortical cross-sectional area, and in area 19 it continued from 4 to 7 years after the stabilization of the group-average indicators of cortical thickness in this field. All areas examined were characterized by a two-step growth of cortical thickness, which exceeded the growth rate of layer III thickness in relation to total cortical cross-section. The size of pyramidal neurons in subareas 37ac and 37d increased in two stages, while those in subarea 37a and area 19 increased in three stages of different duration.
 Conclusions. Microstructural changes in the posterior associative cortex in children are heterochronic, heterodynamic, and specialized not only in topographically and functionally distinct cortical areas, but also in separate cytoarchitectonic fields, subfields, and at the level of cytoarchitectonic layers and intracortical microstructural components. The most significant morphofunctional transformations are observed during the first year of life, as well as at 3-4, 6-7, and 10 years of age.","PeriodicalId":74226,"journal":{"name":"Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia)","volume":"168 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135351383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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