Background: In 2017, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration awarded State Targeted Response (STR) grants through the 21st Century Cures Act to help states address the opioid crisis. While there are publications that discuss how each state allocated their STR grant awards, there is a paucity of evaluations illustrating the impact of STR grant activities on clients of opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment, family members of persons living with OUD, community professionals whose work involves addressing OUD, as well as impacts on local communities. This longitudinal qualitative study assessed the impact of STR grant-funded projects on communities in Ohio particularly hard hit by the opioid epidemic. Methods: Data were collected through a mixed research methodology from November 2017 through April 2019. Epidemiologists conducted focus groups and administered surveys in 4 geographically different areas of the state. Study objectives included assessments of community messaging related to opioids, level of perceived stigma for OUD, knowledge of available services and processes for accessing them, and perception of community treatment service needs. Results: A total of 940 respondents participated in 3 cycles (6 months each) of focus groups. Key findings included increased naloxone knowledge and experience, increased proportion of persons living with OUD receiving medication-assisted treatment (MAT), and a 2.5 time increase in the number of reported positive observations of community change. While the level of perceived stigma for OUD remained consistent (moderate) throughout the study, respondents throughout cycles observed an increasing number of community approaches, such as public awareness campaigns and recovery rallies, to impart knowledge, change attitudes, and reduce stigma. Conclusion: Evaluations of STR funded activities and programs could help illustrate the value that additional funding might have over time in reducing stigma related to OUD and increasing knowledge of available treatment services in communities.
{"title":"Mixed Methods Evaluation of State Targeted Response to the Opioid Crisis in Ohio","authors":"R. T. Sherba, Julia Dionne, Jessica Linley","doi":"10.18061/ojph.v5i2.8979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ojph.v5i2.8979","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In 2017, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration awarded State Targeted Response (STR) grants through the 21st Century Cures Act to help states address the opioid crisis. While there are publications that discuss how each state allocated their STR grant awards, there is a paucity of evaluations illustrating the impact of STR grant activities on clients of opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment, family members of persons living with OUD, community professionals whose work involves addressing OUD, as well as impacts on local communities. This longitudinal qualitative study assessed the impact of STR grant-funded projects on communities in Ohio particularly hard hit by the opioid epidemic.\u0000Methods: Data were collected through a mixed research methodology from November 2017 through April 2019. Epidemiologists conducted focus groups and administered surveys in 4 geographically different areas of the state. Study objectives included assessments of community messaging related to opioids, level of perceived stigma for OUD, knowledge of available services and processes for accessing them, and perception of community treatment service needs.\u0000Results: A total of 940 respondents participated in 3 cycles (6 months each) of focus groups. Key findings included increased naloxone knowledge and experience, increased proportion of persons living with OUD receiving medication-assisted treatment (MAT), and a 2.5 time increase in the number of reported positive observations of community change. While the level of perceived stigma for OUD remained consistent (moderate) throughout the study, respondents throughout cycles observed an increasing number of community approaches, such as public awareness campaigns and recovery rallies, to impart knowledge, change attitudes, and reduce stigma.\u0000Conclusion: Evaluations of STR funded activities and programs could help illustrate the value that additional funding might have over time in reducing stigma related to OUD and increasing knowledge of available treatment services in communities.","PeriodicalId":74337,"journal":{"name":"Ohio journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49581535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rebekah Russell, Briana Mcintosh, N. Palmer, Morgan Taggart, Erika S. Trapl
Background: Food insecurity has become an increasingly complex public health issue across the United States, particularly among various people battling with current or previous homelessness. This project sought to understand the food system in permanent supportive housing sites (PSH) that serve formerly homeless individuals and to explore the use of nutrition standards, specifically the Food Service Guidelines for Federal Facilities (FSGFFs), in this context. Methods: Participants were members of the administrative staff involved in the food procurement process, food preparation, administrative tasks, and daily operations in a small-intensive program managed by a local nonprofit agency that serves 12 adults over the age of 18 who experience chronic homelessness and persistent mental illness, or substance use disorders, and a second PSH site that helps 41 low-income adults with health conditions experiencing homelessness. The PSH Inquiry Tool (PSH-IT) was developed to better understand the business operations at each site, and the PSH Audit (PSH-A) was created to assess the applicability of FSGFF at each site. Results: Findings suggest that funding mechanisms, staff training, staff capacity, and access to nutrition education were critical barriers to the successful development and implementation of nutrition standards in PSH sites. Furthermore, findings suggest that adaptations to FSGFFs are required before implementation at PSH sites. Conclusion: This report advocates for increased involvement of community stakeholders to support nutrition policy development and implementation, a nutrition policy that impacts all levels of the food system from procurement to consumption, and local, state, or federal policy changes to support improved nutrition in PSH.
{"title":"From Procurement to Consumption: A Model to Understand Nutrition Policy Implementation in Permanent Supportive Housing","authors":"Rebekah Russell, Briana Mcintosh, N. Palmer, Morgan Taggart, Erika S. Trapl","doi":"10.18061/ojph.v5i1.8829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ojph.v5i1.8829","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Food insecurity has become an increasingly complex public health issue across the United States, particularly among various people battling with current or previous homelessness. This project sought to understand the food system in permanent supportive housing sites (PSH) that serve formerly homeless individuals and to explore the use of nutrition standards, specifically the Food Service Guidelines for Federal Facilities (FSGFFs), in this context.\u0000Methods: Participants were members of the administrative staff involved in the food procurement process, food preparation, administrative tasks, and daily operations in a small-intensive program managed by a local nonprofit agency that serves 12 adults over the age of 18 who experience chronic homelessness and persistent mental illness, or substance use disorders, and a second PSH site that helps 41 low-income adults with health conditions experiencing homelessness. The PSH Inquiry Tool (PSH-IT) was developed to better understand the business operations at each site, and the PSH Audit (PSH-A) was created to assess the applicability of FSGFF at each site.\u0000Results: Findings suggest that funding mechanisms, staff training, staff capacity, and access to nutrition education were critical barriers to the successful development and implementation of nutrition standards in PSH sites. Furthermore, findings suggest that adaptations to FSGFFs are required before implementation at PSH sites.\u0000Conclusion: This report advocates for increased involvement of community stakeholders to support nutrition policy development and implementation, a nutrition policy that impacts all levels of the food system from procurement to consumption, and local, state, or federal policy changes to support improved nutrition in PSH.","PeriodicalId":74337,"journal":{"name":"Ohio journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46259197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Virtual Alternatives and Technological Disparities","authors":"Sheryl L. Chatfield","doi":"10.18061/ojph.v5i1.9146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ojph.v5i1.9146","url":null,"abstract":"No abstract available.","PeriodicalId":74337,"journal":{"name":"Ohio journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44753217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Leuchtag, Luke Bressler, Ashley R. Banks, Daniel Skinner
Collaborative community development projects aimed at promoting economic vitality, with attendant consequences as a key social determinant of health, necessarily pose questions about how to best communicate between developers, project partners, and community members. Many such projects are taking place across the United States, including in Ohio. This commentary draws on examples from 3 communities (2 outside of our state of Ohio, and another in the Linden neighborhood of Columbus, Ohio) to distill 3 key lessons in the area of communication. First, we argue that communication should be proactive, not reactive. Second, we explain why planners should be consistent in the provision of updates related to progress or lack thereof in real time on websites and apps, all while ensuring that information remains current. Third, though communication remains an under-appreciated aspect of partnership-based community development work, including explicitly health-oriented work, we argue that communicating progress to community members is not only logistically important, but part of a broader effort to build trust within communities in order to create long-lasting and sustainable change. This trust, after all, is a necessary foundation for community-focused workconcerned with addressing the social determinants of health.
{"title":"The Importance of Communication in Collaborative Community Development: Lessons Learned from Three Cases","authors":"A. Leuchtag, Luke Bressler, Ashley R. Banks, Daniel Skinner","doi":"10.18061/ojph.v5i1.8721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ojph.v5i1.8721","url":null,"abstract":"Collaborative community development projects aimed at promoting economic vitality, with attendant consequences as a key social determinant of health, necessarily pose questions about how to best communicate between developers, project partners, and community members. Many such projects are taking place across the United States, including in Ohio. This commentary draws on examples from 3 communities (2 outside of our state of Ohio, and another in the Linden neighborhood of Columbus, Ohio) to distill 3 key lessons in the area of communication. First, we argue that communication should be proactive, not reactive. Second, we explain why planners should be consistent in the provision of updates related to progress or lack thereof in real time on websites and apps, all while ensuring that information remains current. Third, though communication remains an under-appreciated aspect of partnership-based community development work, including explicitly health-oriented work, we argue that communicating progress to community members is not only logistically important, but part of a broader effort to build trust within communities in order to create long-lasting and sustainable change. This trust, after all, is a necessary foundation for community-focused workconcerned with addressing the social determinants of health.","PeriodicalId":74337,"journal":{"name":"Ohio journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41735899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: In light of the changing face of health care, it is important that practitioners and researchers begin to think strategically regarding comprehensive and accessible care. The purpose of this research study is to provide a deeper understanding of change among health care providers who work on multidisciplinary teams and the impact on patient outcomes. Methods: This research was designed as an exploratory phenomenological research study. The experience of interest was how providers described changes in care when working in an integrated care context. Eight semistructured in-depth interviews were conducted with physicians, nurse practitioners, social workers, and psychologists from locations in Southern Ohio, Central Maine, and Eastern Tennessee. Data were analyzed using qualitative coding to find patterns with and across participants associated with their perceptions of health integration. Results: Final developed themes described provider perceptions of working in an integrated care environment, and included access to care, interprofessional education, communication between providers. Conclusion: Through interviews and a review of the literature, we have found that as integrated care is employed throughout the country, patients have better health outcomes and providers experience efficient and effective work environments. Providers have adapted to the changing environment of integrative medicine; through this study we see that these changes have been for the benefit of the patients. Patients who disproportionately suffer from a lack of health care resources, such as those in rural areas, may benefit greatly from an integrated care model.
{"title":"Perceptions of How Integrated Care Impacts Treatment in Rural Settings","authors":"D. Graham, Samantha Nandyal, Salonas Ayad","doi":"10.18061/ojph.v5i1.8394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ojph.v5i1.8394","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Background: In light of the changing face of health care, it is important that practitioners and researchers begin to think strategically regarding comprehensive and accessible care. The purpose of this research study is to provide a deeper understanding of change among health care providers who work on multidisciplinary teams and the impact on patient outcomes.\u0000Methods: This research was designed as an exploratory phenomenological research study. The experience of interest was how providers described changes in care when working in an integrated care context. Eight semistructured in-depth interviews were conducted with physicians, nurse practitioners, social workers, and psychologists from locations in Southern Ohio, Central Maine, and Eastern Tennessee. Data were analyzed using qualitative coding to find patterns with and across participants associated with their perceptions of health integration.\u0000Results: Final developed themes described provider perceptions of working in an integrated care environment, and included access to care, interprofessional education, communication between providers.\u0000Conclusion: Through interviews and a review of the literature, we have found that as integrated care is employed throughout the country, patients have better health outcomes and providers experience efficient and effective work environments. Providers have adapted to the changing environment of integrative medicine; through this study we see that these changes have been for the benefit of the patients. Patients who disproportionately suffer from a lack of health care resources, such as those in rural areas, may benefit greatly from an integrated care model.\u0000","PeriodicalId":74337,"journal":{"name":"Ohio journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42658212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katarina M. Bischof, P. Chakraborty, W. Miller, A. Turner
Background: We assessed the relationship between depressive symptoms and perceived COVID-19 risk in the next month. Methods: This analysis used survey data collected during a July 2020 cross-sectional study using a household-based probability sampling design. A total of 615 noninstitutionalized, English- and/or Spanish-speaking adults in Ohio were included. Depressive symptoms screening occurred using the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2). We applied survey weights so that presented analyses represent the adult population in Ohio. We performed log-risk regression modeling (generalized linear model with binomial distribution and log link) to estimate unadjusted and covariate-adjusted prevalence ratios examining the association between screening positive for depressive symptoms and perceived risk of COVID-19 in the next month. Results: The study population was majority female (59.1%) and White (90.3%). The mean age was 55.9 years (standard deviation (SD)=17.3). About 1 in 20 (4.6%) screened positive for depressive symptoms. A positive depressive symptoms screen was not significantly associated with perceived risk of COVID-19 in the next month (prevalence ratio [PR]=0.75; 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.25–2.24). After confounder adjustment, the adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) was nearly unchanged (aPR=0.78; 95% CI=0.24–2.55). Conclusion: As depression is often associated with anxiety and pessimism toward the future, the lack of association between depressive symptoms screening and perception of COVID-19 risk in the next month is surprising. Social withdrawal, which is also associated with depression, may have concealed any increased perceived COVID-19 risk, as depressed individuals who remained socially isolated may have had lower perceived COVID-19 risk.
背景:我们评估抑郁症状与下个月感知的COVID-19风险之间的关系。方法:本分析使用了2020年7月采用基于家庭的概率抽样设计的横断面研究收集的调查数据。在俄亥俄州，共有615名非收容的、说英语和/或西班牙语的成年人被纳入研究。使用患者健康问卷-2 (PHQ-2)进行抑郁症状筛查。我们应用了调查权重，因此所提出的分析代表了俄亥俄州的成年人口。我们采用对数风险回归模型(具有二项分布和对数链接的广义线性模型)来估计未经调整和协变量调整的患病率，以检验抑郁症状筛查阳性与下个月COVID-19感知风险之间的关系。结果:研究人群以女性(59.1%)和白人(90.3%)为主。平均年龄55.9岁(标准差(SD)=17.3)。20人中约有1人(4.6%)的抑郁症状筛查呈阳性。抑郁症状筛查阳性与下个月COVID-19的感知风险无显著相关(患病率比[PR]=0.75;95%置信区间[CI]= 0.25-2.24)。经混杂校正后，调整后的患病率(aPR)几乎没有变化(aPR=0.78;95% CI = 0.24 - -2.55)。结论:抑郁症通常与焦虑和对未来的悲观情绪有关，因此抑郁症状筛查与下个月对COVID-19风险的感知之间缺乏关联令人惊讶。社交退缩也与抑郁症有关，它可能掩盖了任何增加的COVID-19感知风险，因为保持社交孤立的抑郁症患者可能具有较低的COVID-19感知风险。
{"title":"Depressive Symptoms and Perception of COVID-19 Risk in Ohio Adults","authors":"Katarina M. Bischof, P. Chakraborty, W. Miller, A. Turner","doi":"10.18061/ojph.v5i1.8805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ojph.v5i1.8805","url":null,"abstract":"Background: We assessed the relationship between depressive symptoms and perceived COVID-19 risk in the next month.\u0000Methods: This analysis used survey data collected during a July 2020 cross-sectional study using a household-based probability sampling design. A total of 615 noninstitutionalized, English- and/or Spanish-speaking adults in Ohio were included. Depressive symptoms screening occurred using the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2). We applied survey weights so that presented analyses represent the adult population in Ohio. We performed log-risk regression modeling (generalized linear model with binomial distribution and log link) to estimate unadjusted and covariate-adjusted prevalence ratios examining the association between screening positive for depressive symptoms and perceived risk of COVID-19 in the next month.\u0000Results: The study population was majority female (59.1%) and White (90.3%). The mean age was 55.9 years (standard deviation (SD)=17.3). About 1 in 20 (4.6%) screened positive for depressive symptoms. A positive depressive symptoms screen was not significantly associated with perceived risk of COVID-19 in the next month (prevalence ratio [PR]=0.75; 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.25–2.24). After confounder adjustment, the adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) was nearly unchanged (aPR=0.78; 95% CI=0.24–2.55).\u0000Conclusion: As depression is often associated with anxiety and pessimism toward the future, the lack of association between depressive symptoms screening and perception of COVID-19 risk in the next month is surprising. Social withdrawal, which is also associated with depression, may have concealed any increased perceived COVID-19 risk, as depressed individuals who remained socially isolated may have had lower perceived COVID-19 risk.","PeriodicalId":74337,"journal":{"name":"Ohio journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44511348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are potentially traumatic incidents occurring before age 18 years. Adverse childhood experiences include physical or mental abuse, financial stress, home or community violence, substance misuse, familial turmoil, and other factors. Adverse childhood experiences are associated with negative health outcomes in adulthood. Methods: Numerous research studies and systematic reviews were reviewed to assess the breadth and depth of racial and ethnic inclusivity in ACE research. Results: A wide range of ACEs have been investigated, and ample state-level data is publicly available. Early, fundamental ACE studies typically recruited White, educated, and insured participants; racial and ethnic diversity were often neglected. Conclusion: Adverse childhood experiences and race have been found exerting synergistic effects on adult health outcomes. Further evaluation of race is warranted to improve health outcomes. Scrutiny of racial and ethnic equity in health research is paramount for achieving health equity.
{"title":"Adverse Childhood Experiences, Race, and Health Outcomes: Examining a Synergistic Relationship","authors":"Helen Gu, N. Vallabh, W. Motley","doi":"10.18061/ojph.v5i1.8982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ojph.v5i1.8982","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are potentially traumatic incidents occurring before age 18 years. Adverse childhood experiences include physical or mental abuse, financial stress, home or community violence, substance misuse, familial turmoil, and other factors. Adverse childhood experiences are associated with negative health outcomes in adulthood. \u0000Methods: Numerous research studies and systematic reviews were reviewed to assess the breadth and depth of racial and ethnic inclusivity in ACE research.\u0000Results: A wide range of ACEs have been investigated, and ample state-level data is publicly available. Early, fundamental ACE studies typically recruited White, educated, and insured participants; racial and ethnic diversity were often neglected.\u0000Conclusion: Adverse childhood experiences and race have been found exerting synergistic effects on adult health outcomes. Further evaluation of race is warranted to improve health outcomes. Scrutiny of racial and ethnic equity in health research is paramount for achieving health equity.","PeriodicalId":74337,"journal":{"name":"Ohio journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45756679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: The proportion of Ohioans experiencing deafness or serious difficulty hearing is higher than national estimates and is increasing over time. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe the burden, risk factors, comorbidities, and financial implications of hearing loss in Ohio as well as discuss approaches to reduce the burden of hearing loss in Ohio applying the Social-Ecological Model Methods: A narrative review was completed to summarize peer-reviewed literature on hearing loss in Ohio. The Social-Ecological Model was applied to identify approaches to reduce the burden of hearing loss in Ohio. Results: The burden of hearing loss on health and economic well-being is substantial in Ohio. While initiatives have sought to reduce costs and increase access, barriers continue to persist impeding people’s ability to obtain needed services in Ohio. Approaches were identified on all levels of the Social-Ecological Model to address the burden of hearing loss in Ohio such as creating interventions for prevention, improving access to hearing tests and hearing aids, and changing policies that expand insurance coverage for hearing aids. Conclusion: There is a critical need for public health-initiated programs and policies that reduce barriers and increase access to hearing related services that can be implemented on all levels of the Social-Ecological Model.
{"title":"Hearing Loss: Applying the Social-Ecological Model for Change","authors":"A. Hinson-Enslin, H. McClintock","doi":"10.18061/ojph.v5i1.8386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ojph.v5i1.8386","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The proportion of Ohioans experiencing deafness or serious difficulty hearing is higher than national estimates and is increasing over time.\u0000Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe the burden, risk factors, comorbidities, and financial implications of hearing loss in Ohio as well as discuss approaches to reduce the burden of hearing loss in Ohio applying the Social-Ecological Model\u0000Methods: A narrative review was completed to summarize peer-reviewed literature on hearing loss in Ohio. The Social-Ecological Model was applied to identify approaches to reduce the burden of hearing loss in Ohio.\u0000Results: The burden of hearing loss on health and economic well-being is substantial in Ohio. While initiatives have sought to reduce costs and increase access, barriers continue to persist impeding people’s ability to obtain needed services in Ohio. Approaches were identified on all levels of the Social-Ecological Model to address the burden of hearing loss in Ohio such as creating interventions for prevention, improving access to hearing tests and hearing aids, and changing policies that expand insurance coverage for hearing aids.\u0000Conclusion: There is a critical need for public health-initiated programs and policies that reduce barriers and increase access to hearing related services that can be implemented on all levels of the Social-Ecological Model.","PeriodicalId":74337,"journal":{"name":"Ohio journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46796598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The college population is particularly vulnerable to mental health challenges. In 2020 only 46.2% of people with a mental illness received mental health services. Mental Health First Aid (MHFA) is a training course designed to teach people how to connect individuals in need of professional services to the appropriate resources. Methods: Mental Health First Aid (MHFA) trainings were offered to students, faculty, and staff at Kent State University. Data from 343 individuals, who completed the MHFA gatekeeper training, were analyzed to explore the impact of time and participant characteristics on the likelihood of first referral to mental health services after completion of the MHFA. Participants completed a pretraining and posttraining paper questionnaire on the day of MHFA training and received a monthly online follow-up survey to assess self-reported referrals over time. Results: After completing MHFA, the average time until first referral was approximately 3 months. Several participant characteristics were significantly associated with referral to mental health services. African American and Black participants who completed the training were more likely to make a referral as compared to White participants. Extraversion was associated with increased likelihood of making a referral, while emotional stability was associated with a decreased likelihood of making a referral. Conclusion: Participants were 5.7% less likely to first report referring with each passing month following the MHFA training, suggesting that there may be cause for an MHFA or similar gatekeeper “booster” course to highlight the importance of making referrals.
{"title":"Referrals to Mental Health Services in Ohio: An Exploration of Time to First Referral After Completion of Mental Health First Aid Gatekeeper Training","authors":"J. Song, Kimberly R. Laurene, D. Kenne","doi":"10.18061/ojph.v5i1.8478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ojph.v5i1.8478","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The college population is particularly vulnerable to mental health challenges. In 2020 only 46.2% of people with a mental illness received mental health services. Mental Health First Aid (MHFA) is a training course designed to teach people how to connect individuals in need of professional services to the appropriate resources.\u0000Methods: Mental Health First Aid (MHFA) trainings were offered to students, faculty, and staff at Kent State University. Data from 343 individuals, who completed the MHFA gatekeeper training, were analyzed to explore the impact of time and participant characteristics on the likelihood of first referral to mental health services after completion of the MHFA. Participants completed a pretraining and posttraining paper questionnaire on the day of MHFA training and received a monthly online follow-up survey to assess self-reported referrals over time.\u0000Results: After completing MHFA, the average time until first referral was approximately 3 months. Several participant characteristics were significantly associated with referral to mental health services. African American and Black participants who completed the training were more likely to make a referral as compared to White participants. Extraversion was associated with increased likelihood of making a referral, while emotional stability was associated with a decreased likelihood of making a referral.\u0000Conclusion: Participants were 5.7% less likely to first report referring with each passing month following the MHFA training, suggesting that there may be cause for an MHFA or similar gatekeeper “booster” course to highlight the importance of making referrals.","PeriodicalId":74337,"journal":{"name":"Ohio journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48227035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Access to health care is impacted by several key factors such as urbanization, insurance coverage, availability of health care facilities, specialists, and equipment. For an in-depth understanding of Portage County area residents' health care utilization location choices, a study was conducted to identify the main factors and assess health care outmigration. Methods: A total of 125 292 patients were identified using 2019 administrative health data from University Hospitals Portage Medical Center in Portage County, Ohio. A descriptive analysis, t test, and chi-square tests were used to examine 3 primary outcomes: (1) patients’ demographics (age, gender, insurance, etc.), (2) time and distance patients are willing to travel for care, and (3) health services demand that is causing outmigration. Results: An analysis of 119 034 patients showed 66% of patients stayed in network and 34% went out of network. In-network participants had an average travel time of 30 minutes [95% CI, 29.5 to 29.8] and an average distance of 19.4 miles [95% CI, 15.9 to 16.1]. Conversely, out-of-network participants averaged 43 minutes [95% CI, 43.1 to 43.5] and 30.8 miles [95% CI, 30.4 to 30.8]. Outmigration was mainly influenced by the need for radiology services (66.3%), specifically mammograms (12.7%), computerized tomography (CT) (39.2%), and lab (18.2%). Conclusion: Outmigration can negatively impact a county's health care infrastructure and growth and contribute to a loss of revenue to the local hospitals. In this case, out-of-network services are more commonly used for radiology and lab work than for chronic conditions. It is recommended that both physicians and patients become knowledgeable about the impact of seeking out-of-network care
{"title":"Patient Access to Care: In-Network and Out-of-Network Utilization of Services","authors":"B. Lanese, Nora Alrubaie","doi":"10.18061/ojph.v5i1.8673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ojph.v5i1.8673","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Access to health care is impacted by several key factors such as urbanization, insurance coverage, availability of health care facilities, specialists, and equipment. For an in-depth understanding of Portage County area residents' health care utilization location choices, a study was conducted to identify the main factors and assess health care outmigration.\u0000Methods: A total of 125 292 patients were identified using 2019 administrative health data from University Hospitals Portage Medical Center in Portage County, Ohio. A descriptive analysis, t test, and chi-square tests were used to examine 3 primary outcomes: (1) patients’ demographics (age, gender, insurance, etc.), (2) time and distance patients are willing to travel for care, and (3) health services demand that is causing outmigration. \u0000Results: An analysis of 119 034 patients showed 66% of patients stayed in network and 34% went out of network. In-network participants had an average travel time of 30 minutes [95% CI, 29.5 to 29.8] and an average distance of 19.4 miles [95% CI, 15.9 to 16.1]. Conversely, out-of-network participants averaged 43 minutes [95% CI, 43.1 to 43.5] and 30.8 miles [95% CI, 30.4 to 30.8]. Outmigration was mainly influenced by the need for radiology services (66.3%), specifically mammograms (12.7%), computerized tomography (CT) (39.2%), and lab (18.2%).\u0000Conclusion: Outmigration can negatively impact a county's health care infrastructure and growth and contribute to a loss of revenue to the local hospitals. In this case, out-of-network services are more commonly used for radiology and lab work than for chronic conditions. It is recommended that both physicians and patients become knowledgeable about the impact of seeking out-of-network care","PeriodicalId":74337,"journal":{"name":"Ohio journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43624676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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