Robert B. Hood, R. Andridge, S. Sealy-Jefferson, A. Felix
Background: We explored associations between neighborhood deprivation and tumor characteristics, treatment, and 5-year survival among primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients in Ohio diagnosed between 2008 and 2016. Methods: We used data from the Ohio Cancer Incidence Surveillance System and limited our analysis to adult (>18 years of age) HCC patients with known census tract information based on address at diagnosis. Using principal components analysis, we created a neighborhood deprivation index (NDI) using 9 census tract-level variables. We examined associations between tumor characteristics (stage and tumor size) and NDI quintile using chi-square tests and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Associations between guideline-concordant care and NDI using log-binomial regression adjusted for sex, race, age at diagnosis, metropolitan status, cancer stage, and year of diagnosis were conducted. For 5-year survival, we utilized Cox proportional hazards models with a similar adjustment set. Results: Neighborhood deprivation index was not associated with stage or tumor size. Individuals living in the most deprived neighborhoods were 16% less likely to receive guideline-concordant care as compared to individuals living in the least deprived neighborhoods (adjusted prevalence ratio [PR]: 0.84; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.74-0.94). Similarly, individuals living in the most deprived neighborhoods were 15% less likely to survive 5 years compared to individuals living in the least deprived neighborhoods (adjusted Hazard Ratio: 1.15; 95% CI: 1.01-1.29). Conclusion: Our results suggest a negative association between neighborhood deprivation on guideline-concordant care and survival among HCC patients. Interventions targeting disparities of HCC should focus not only on individual-level factors but address larger neighborhood level factors as well.
{"title":"Health Disparities in Liver Cancer: An Analysis of the Ohio Cancer Incidence Surveillance System","authors":"Robert B. Hood, R. Andridge, S. Sealy-Jefferson, A. Felix","doi":"10.18061/ojph.v5i1.8514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ojph.v5i1.8514","url":null,"abstract":"Background: We explored associations between neighborhood deprivation and tumor characteristics, treatment, and 5-year survival among primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients in Ohio diagnosed between 2008 and 2016. \u0000Methods: We used data from the Ohio Cancer Incidence Surveillance System and limited our analysis to adult (>18 years of age) HCC patients with known census tract information based on address at diagnosis. Using principal components analysis, we created a neighborhood deprivation index (NDI) using 9 census tract-level variables. We examined associations between tumor characteristics (stage and tumor size) and NDI quintile using chi-square tests and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Associations between guideline-concordant care and NDI using log-binomial regression adjusted for sex, race, age at diagnosis, metropolitan status, cancer stage, and year of diagnosis were conducted. For 5-year survival, we utilized Cox proportional hazards models with a similar adjustment set.\u0000Results: Neighborhood deprivation index was not associated with stage or tumor size. Individuals living in the most deprived neighborhoods were 16% less likely to receive guideline-concordant care as compared to individuals living in the least deprived neighborhoods (adjusted prevalence ratio [PR]: 0.84; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.74-0.94). Similarly, individuals living in the most deprived neighborhoods were 15% less likely to survive 5 years compared to individuals living in the least deprived neighborhoods (adjusted Hazard Ratio: 1.15; 95% CI: 1.01-1.29). \u0000Conclusion: Our results suggest a negative association between neighborhood deprivation on guideline-concordant care and survival among HCC patients. Interventions targeting disparities of HCC should focus not only on individual-level factors but address larger neighborhood level factors as well.","PeriodicalId":74337,"journal":{"name":"Ohio journal of public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47459552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Rural women in the United States are at increased risk for poor preconception and interconception health. In a previous study, women living in Hardin County, a Primary Care Health Professional Shortage Area and maternity care desert in rural northwest Ohio expressed their concerns and their need for more resources to improve their health. As a follow-up study, key informants of Hardin County were interviewed to provide further insight on current resources for preconception and women’s health available to community members, barriers and challenges community members face, and interventions could be implemented in the county to improve health and pregnancy outcomes. Methods: A purposive sample of 14 key informants from community assets in Hardin County were recruited and individually interviewed with semistructured questions from 2 domains: perceived needs and barriers to care. Interview recordings were transcribed, precoded, and thematically analyzed. Participants received a $20 gift card as a token of appreciation. Results: Three themes were characterized from the data: current resources available, community observations, and suggested intervention strategies. Key informants identified the federally-qualified health center and YMCA, among others, as potentially underutilized resources for reproductive-age women. The small-town culture was described as both an advantage and disadvantage when trying to raise awareness about preconception/interconception health. Interventions built on partnerships and utilizing various outlets were suggested. Childcare, intergenerational knowledge transfer, and trust were issues crossing multiple themes. Conclusion: Key informants gave direction on available resources for reproductive-age women and potential approaches to provide education and outreach regarding preconception/interconception health and care.
{"title":"“How do we get to them?” Insights on Preconception and Interconception Health for Women in Rural Northwest Ohio","authors":"Akia D. Clark, Natalie A. DiPietro Mager","doi":"10.18061/ojph.v5i1.8739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ojph.v5i1.8739","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Rural women in the United States are at increased risk for poor preconception and interconception health. In a previous study, women living in Hardin County, a Primary Care Health Professional Shortage Area and maternity care desert in rural northwest Ohio expressed their concerns and their need for more resources to improve their health. As a follow-up study, key informants of Hardin County were interviewed to provide further insight on current resources for preconception and women’s health available to community members, barriers and challenges community members face, and interventions could be implemented in the county to improve health and pregnancy outcomes.\u0000Methods: A purposive sample of 14 key informants from community assets in Hardin County were recruited and individually interviewed with semistructured questions from 2 domains: perceived needs and barriers to care. Interview recordings were transcribed, precoded, and thematically analyzed. Participants received a $20 gift card as a token of appreciation. \u0000Results: Three themes were characterized from the data: current resources available, community observations, and suggested intervention strategies. Key informants identified the federally-qualified health center and YMCA, among others, as potentially underutilized resources for reproductive-age women. The small-town culture was described as both an advantage and disadvantage when trying to raise awareness about preconception/interconception health. Interventions built on partnerships and utilizing various outlets were suggested. Childcare, intergenerational knowledge transfer, and trust were issues crossing multiple themes.\u0000Conclusion: Key informants gave direction on available resources for reproductive-age women and potential approaches to provide education and outreach regarding preconception/interconception health and care.","PeriodicalId":74337,"journal":{"name":"Ohio journal of public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44592371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annette Sues-Mitzel, Alexandria Coffey, M. Espe-Sherwindt, D. Gothard, Deborah Maglionico, Heather Ekers, Ameeca Holmes, Monika Hale-Johnson, Heather Wuensch, Mary Douglas
Background: The Nurturing Family Program (NFP) is a family-centered educational curriculum designed to equip parents with tools and techniques to support a nurturing relationship with their child. While there have been many evaluations of the NFP, no evaluations to date measure how the curriculum may influence parenting self-efficacy, how confident a caregiver feels about their ability to foster their child’s development and success, or parenting stress. Methods: This community-based interventional study used a convenience sample of families recruited from community agencies or within a pediatric medical center. Families with one or more children aged 0 to 5 years, premature infants or an infant discharged from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), and/or adolescent parents were invited to participate in NFP. Participants were recruited from community agencies that were most likely to work with populations meeting program eligibility criteria. The NFP was offered as in-home and community-based sessions. The primary outcome of interest was perceived parental self-efficacy, measured using the Tool to Measure Parenting Efficacy (TOPSE) at weeks 1, 5, and 10. The secondary outcome of interest was perceived level of stress, as measured by a visual analog scale each week. Results: Participants of community-based sessions (n=45) experienced a significant increase in parenting self-efficacy at week 10, compared to week 1 and week 5 (p <0.01). Overall, participants of the community-based sessions experienced an average increase of 17.7 points on the TOPSE scale (p =0.014). Across all participants (n=79), each session attended resulted in a modest, but significant, 3% reduction in stress (p =0.021). Conclusion: The NFP improved parental self -efficacy among participants of the community-based sessions and reduced perceived stress for all participants.
{"title":"Increasing Parenting Self-Efficacy Through a Community Partnership in Akron, Ohio","authors":"Annette Sues-Mitzel, Alexandria Coffey, M. Espe-Sherwindt, D. Gothard, Deborah Maglionico, Heather Ekers, Ameeca Holmes, Monika Hale-Johnson, Heather Wuensch, Mary Douglas","doi":"10.18061/ojph.v5i1.8765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ojph.v5i1.8765","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The Nurturing Family Program (NFP) is a family-centered educational curriculum designed to equip parents with tools and techniques to support a nurturing relationship with their child. While there have been many evaluations of the NFP, no evaluations to date measure how the curriculum may influence parenting self-efficacy, how confident a caregiver feels about their ability to foster their child’s development and success, or parenting stress.\u0000Methods: This community-based interventional study used a convenience sample of families recruited from community agencies or within a pediatric medical center. Families with one or more children aged 0 to 5 years, premature infants or an infant discharged from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), and/or adolescent parents were invited to participate in NFP. Participants were recruited from community agencies that were most likely to work with populations meeting program eligibility criteria. The NFP was offered as in-home and community-based sessions. The primary outcome of interest was perceived parental self-efficacy, measured using the Tool to Measure Parenting Efficacy (TOPSE) at weeks 1, 5, and 10. The secondary outcome of interest was perceived level of stress, as measured by a visual analog scale each week.\u0000Results: Participants of community-based sessions (n=45) experienced a significant increase in parenting self-efficacy at week 10, compared to week 1 and week 5 (p <0.01). Overall, participants of the community-based sessions experienced an average increase of 17.7 points on the TOPSE scale (p =0.014). Across all participants (n=79), each session attended resulted in a modest, but significant, 3% reduction in stress (p =0.021).\u0000Conclusion: The NFP improved parental self -efficacy among participants of the community-based sessions and reduced perceived stress for all participants.","PeriodicalId":74337,"journal":{"name":"Ohio journal of public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49421580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ohio Journal of Public Health Vol. 5, Issue 1 (August 2022): Full Issue","authors":"Ohio Public Health Association Opha","doi":"10.18061/ojph.v5i1.9195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ojph.v5i1.9195","url":null,"abstract":"No abstract available.","PeriodicalId":74337,"journal":{"name":"Ohio journal of public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49007358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. VanNasdale, Matthew L. Robich, Lisa A. Jones-Jordan, Erica R. Shelton, Megan S. Hurley, Andrew Wapner, S. Williams, David Monder, Marc Molea, J. Crews
Background: Increased access and utilization of vision care services has the potential to reduce preventable vision loss. The state of Ohio has been uniquely proactive when collecting vision-oriented data through population health surveys, including the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). These data can be used to better understand vision care utilization patterns and access to insurance. Methods: Responses to 3 items administered in the Ohio BRFSS that assess vision care utilization and insurance coverage were compared between 2 different administration periods, 2005-2011 and 2018-2019, using chi-square tests. Comparable data from 2 items assessing eye care utilization were available in 2005-2011 and 2019. Comparable data for insurance coverage were available in 2005-2011 and in 2018-2019. Responses were further stratified by population characteristics, including age, gender, household income, and education level. Results: The percentages of those reporting eye exams in the previous year were not significantly different between 2005-2011 and 2019 (chi-square, p = 0.06). In Ohio, the primary reason for not seeing a vision care provider in the past 12 months was “No reason to go” in 2005-2011 and in 2019. The second most common reason for not seeing a vision care provider in the past 12 months was “Cost/insurance,” which decreased between 2005-2011 and 2019 (chi-square, p <0.001). Insurance coverage for eye care increased between 2005-2011 and 2018-2019 (chi-square, p <0.001). Important differences were found within the demographic stratification. Conclusion: Population health surveillance data provide useful insight into vision care utilization and insurance coverage. Despite the increase in insurance coverage, eye care provider utilization remains relatively stable.
背景:增加视力保健服务的获取和利用有可能减少可预防的视力丧失。俄亥俄州在通过包括行为风险因素监测系统(BRFSS)在内的人口健康调查收集以视力为导向的数据方面具有独特的前瞻性。这些数据可以用来更好地了解视力保健的使用模式和获得保险。方法:采用卡方检验，比较2005-2011年和2018-2019年两个不同给药期对俄亥俄州BRFSS中评估视力保健利用和保险覆盖率的3个项目的反应。2005-2011年和2019年有两个评估眼科保健利用情况的项目的可比数据。2005-2011年和2018-2019年的保险覆盖率可比较数据。根据人口特征(包括年龄、性别、家庭收入和教育水平)进一步分层。结果:2005-2011年与2019年报告前一年眼科检查的比例差异无统计学意义(χ 2, p = 0.06)。在俄亥俄州，2005-2011年和2019年，过去12个月没有去看视力保健提供者的主要原因是“没有理由去”。在过去的12个月里，不去看视力保健提供者的第二个最常见的原因是“成本/保险”，在2005-2011年和2019年之间下降了(卡方，p <0.001)。2005-2011年和2018-2019年期间，眼科保健的保险覆盖率有所增加(χ 2, p <0.001)。在人口分层中发现了重要的差异。结论:人口健康监测数据为视力保健利用和保险覆盖率提供了有用的信息。尽管保险覆盖范围有所增加，眼科医生的使用率仍然相对稳定。
{"title":"Vision Care Utilization and Insurance Coverage Prior to and Following Medicaid Expansion in Ohio","authors":"D. VanNasdale, Matthew L. Robich, Lisa A. Jones-Jordan, Erica R. Shelton, Megan S. Hurley, Andrew Wapner, S. Williams, David Monder, Marc Molea, J. Crews","doi":"10.18061/ojph.v5i1.8685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ojph.v5i1.8685","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Increased access and utilization of vision care services has the potential to reduce preventable vision loss. The state of Ohio has been uniquely proactive when collecting vision-oriented data through population health surveys, including the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). These data can be used to better understand vision care utilization patterns and access to insurance.\u0000Methods: Responses to 3 items administered in the Ohio BRFSS that assess vision care utilization and insurance coverage were compared between 2 different administration periods, 2005-2011 and 2018-2019, using chi-square tests. Comparable data from 2 items assessing eye care utilization were available in 2005-2011 and 2019. Comparable data for insurance coverage were available in 2005-2011 and in 2018-2019. Responses were further stratified by population characteristics, including age, gender, household income, and education level.\u0000Results: The percentages of those reporting eye exams in the previous year were not significantly different between 2005-2011 and 2019 (chi-square, p = 0.06). In Ohio, the primary reason for not seeing a vision care provider in the past 12 months was “No reason to go” in 2005-2011 and in 2019. The second most common reason for not seeing a vision care provider in the past 12 months was “Cost/insurance,” which decreased between 2005-2011 and 2019 (chi-square, p <0.001). Insurance coverage for eye care increased between 2005-2011 and 2018-2019 (chi-square, p <0.001). Important differences were found within the demographic stratification.\u0000Conclusion: Population health surveillance data provide useful insight into vision care utilization and insurance coverage. Despite the increase in insurance coverage, eye care provider utilization remains relatively stable.","PeriodicalId":74337,"journal":{"name":"Ohio journal of public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45728812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"OJPH: New Editor-in-Chief, Enduring Public Health Challenges","authors":"Sheryl L. Chatfield","doi":"10.18061/ojph.v4i2.8774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ojph.v4i2.8774","url":null,"abstract":"No abstract available.","PeriodicalId":74337,"journal":{"name":"Ohio journal of public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46442922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michael D. Jacobson, J. Wilson, Anna Squibb, L. Kellar
Background: Numerous investigators have highlighted the need to integrate opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment with maternity care. Since data first became available in 2014, Montgomery County (Ohio) has experienced the highest rates of OUD and unintended opioid overdose deaths in the state. This paper examines the demographics and costs of medical treatment for pregnant women with OUD and their newborns with prenatal exposure to opioids (PEO). Methods: The study involved a retrospective records review of all newborns born between May 1, 2016, and April 30, 2017, at a large, urban medical center. Newborns with PEO were matched with a control group by mother's type of insurance, race/ethnicity, method of birth, and maternal parity. Results: Establishing which of the pregnant women should be diagnosed with OUD and be included in the study group was inordinately challenging. Ultimately, of the 3841 infants birthed during the study period, 131 (3.4%) were iden-tified as being born to mothers with OUD. Significantly more mothers with OUD were White and on Medicaid. Only 25 (19.2%) mothers with OUD engaged in treatment for substance use. Compared to the control group, newborns with PEO were much more likely (71.4% versus 25.4%) to be admitted to the NICU and had much longer lengths of stay in both the NICU (mean of 14.4 versus 4.1 days) and hospital (16.9 versus 5.8 days), resulting in dramatic increases in health care cost. Conclusion: These data underscore the need for a comprehensive, systematic approach to OUD and PEO and affirm the government as a major stakeholder in the care of infants born to these women.
{"title":"The High Cost of Opioid Use in Pregnancy","authors":"Michael D. Jacobson, J. Wilson, Anna Squibb, L. Kellar","doi":"10.18061/ojph.v4i2.8407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ojph.v4i2.8407","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Numerous investigators have highlighted the need to integrate opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment with maternity care. Since data first became available in 2014, Montgomery County (Ohio) has experienced the highest rates of OUD and unintended opioid overdose deaths in the state. This paper examines the demographics and costs of medical treatment for pregnant women with OUD and their newborns with prenatal exposure to opioids (PEO). Methods: The study involved a retrospective records review of all newborns born between May 1, 2016, and April 30, 2017, at a large, urban medical center. Newborns with PEO were matched with a control group by mother's type of insurance, race/ethnicity, method of birth, and maternal parity. Results: Establishing which of the pregnant women should be diagnosed with OUD and be included in the study group was inordinately challenging. Ultimately, of the 3841 infants birthed during the study period, 131 (3.4%) were iden-tified as being born to mothers with OUD. Significantly more mothers with OUD were White and on Medicaid. Only 25 (19.2%) mothers with OUD engaged in treatment for substance use. Compared to the control group, newborns with PEO were much more likely (71.4% versus 25.4%) to be admitted to the NICU and had much longer lengths of stay in both the NICU (mean of 14.4 versus 4.1 days) and hospital (16.9 versus 5.8 days), resulting in dramatic increases in health care cost. Conclusion: These data underscore the need for a comprehensive, systematic approach to OUD and PEO and affirm the government as a major stakeholder in the care of infants born to these women.","PeriodicalId":74337,"journal":{"name":"Ohio journal of public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42060906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Walker, Matthew J. Depuccio, Jennifer L. Hefner, Cynthia J. Sieck, T. Hogan, A. McAlearney, C. Swoboda, Timothy R. Huerta
Background: Community-based organizations (CBOs) play an important role delivering disease prevention and health promotion activities to address community health needs and improve the health of individuals living in their communities. While CBOs play this important role, evaluation of the services they deliver is hampered by limited infrastructure to systematically collect data from these organizations. To address this gap, we report on a case study of the development of the Ohio Equity Institute (OEI) Data Portal. The OEI is a statewide initiative that supports 65 CBOs across Ohio to deliver 3 evidence-based interventions (ie, CenteringPregnancy, Community Health Workers, and Home Visiting) to address infant mortality in underserved populations. Methods: Employing principles of community-engaged stakeholder research and user-centered design, we conducted Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles, including semistructured interviews with 43 key informants, to improve the development, implementation, and use of the OEI Data Portal. Results: This process identified both technical and implementation challenges, and offered opportunities to make improvements to the data collection system itself as well as to the integration of this system with CBO workflows. These improvements yielded significant gains in terms of the quantity and quality of data submission, ultimately contributing to ongoing outcome evaluation efforts. Conclusion: Our findings provide important insight into the challenges experienced by CBOs when participating in a statewide CBO data evaluation infrastructure development and implementation. As Ohio and other states push to expand collaborations between CBOs and health care organizations, leaders should leverage existing data collection to facilitate a more comprehensive and effective process.
{"title":"Increasing Capacity for Evaluation of Community-Based Organizations: Lessons from the Ohio Equity Institute","authors":"D. Walker, Matthew J. Depuccio, Jennifer L. Hefner, Cynthia J. Sieck, T. Hogan, A. McAlearney, C. Swoboda, Timothy R. Huerta","doi":"10.18061/ojph.v4i2.8469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ojph.v4i2.8469","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Community-based organizations (CBOs) play an important role delivering disease prevention and health promotion activities to address community health needs and improve the health of individuals living in their communities. While CBOs play this important role, evaluation of the services they deliver is hampered by limited infrastructure to systematically collect data from these organizations. To address this gap, we report on a case study of the development of the Ohio Equity Institute (OEI) Data Portal. The OEI is a statewide initiative that supports 65 CBOs across Ohio to deliver 3 evidence-based interventions (ie, CenteringPregnancy, Community Health Workers, and Home Visiting) to address infant mortality in underserved populations. Methods: Employing principles of community-engaged stakeholder research and user-centered design, we conducted Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles, including semistructured interviews with 43 key informants, to improve the development, implementation, and use of the OEI Data Portal. Results: This process identified both technical and implementation challenges, and offered opportunities to make improvements to the data collection system itself as well as to the integration of this system with CBO workflows. These improvements yielded significant gains in terms of the quantity and quality of data submission, ultimately contributing to ongoing outcome evaluation efforts. Conclusion: Our findings provide important insight into the challenges experienced by CBOs when participating in a statewide CBO data evaluation infrastructure development and implementation. As Ohio and other states push to expand collaborations between CBOs and health care organizations, leaders should leverage existing data collection to facilitate a more comprehensive and effective process.","PeriodicalId":74337,"journal":{"name":"Ohio journal of public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47597339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shauna P. Acquavita, L. Lowe, Kayleigh A Fiser, R. T. Sherba
Background: While much of the literature has focused on examining barriers to substance use disorders (SUD) treatment with individuals with SUD, there is a dearth of research from the perspective of treatment providers and law enforcement, 2 groups who witness the challenges for addressing SUD. Methods: Using content analysis, this qualitative study explored the perspectives of individuals with SUD, treatment providers, and law enforcement on recommendations about SUD treatment and prevention. Data from 12 focus groups with individuals with SUD were analyzed and triangulated with interviews from treatment providers and law enforcement. Cross case analysis was utilized to identify common categories. Results: The categories identified included education, judicial system, psychosocial barriers, resources, stigma, stages of change, and treatment. Results indicated all groups had similar ideas on how to address SUD. Participants provided recommendations in each category for addressing SUD. Conclusion: Individuals with SUD, treatment providers, and law enforcement officers are affected by complex issues of SUD on micro, mezzo, and macro levels. Public health professionals can help to facilitate changes by advocating for prevention and intervention methods to be implemented to address SUD.
{"title":"Perspectives of Treatment Consumers, Treatment Providers, and Law Enforcement on Drug Treatment and Prevention","authors":"Shauna P. Acquavita, L. Lowe, Kayleigh A Fiser, R. T. Sherba","doi":"10.18061/ojph.v4i2.8299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ojph.v4i2.8299","url":null,"abstract":"Background: While much of the literature has focused on examining barriers to substance use disorders (SUD) treatment with individuals with SUD, there is a dearth of research from the perspective of treatment providers and law enforcement, 2 groups who witness the challenges for addressing SUD. Methods: Using content analysis, this qualitative study explored the perspectives of individuals with SUD, treatment providers, and law enforcement on recommendations about SUD treatment and prevention. Data from 12 focus groups with individuals with SUD were analyzed and triangulated with interviews from treatment providers and law enforcement. Cross case analysis was utilized to identify common categories. Results: The categories identified included education, judicial system, psychosocial barriers, resources, stigma, stages of change, and treatment. Results indicated all groups had similar ideas on how to address SUD. Participants provided recommendations in each category for addressing SUD. Conclusion: Individuals with SUD, treatment providers, and law enforcement officers are affected by complex issues of SUD on micro, mezzo, and macro levels. Public health professionals can help to facilitate changes by advocating for prevention and intervention methods to be implemented to address SUD.","PeriodicalId":74337,"journal":{"name":"Ohio journal of public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49641987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Many documented disparities associated with health behaviors and access to health care impact the health outcomes of sexual and gender minorities (SGM). The current study aimed to gain insight into the health dispari-ties experienced by SGM adults living in Ohio to obtain data to plan future health-related programs. Methods: A secondary data analysis was conducted using 2018 Ohio Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data. Health behaviors, health care access, and health outcomes were analyzed by sexual orientation (n=11 301) and gender identity (n=11 426) to determine health disparities faced by sexual minority males, sexual minority females and transgender individuals. Results: Significant SGM health disparities in Ohio are related to substance use (ie, binge drinking, current smoking status, e-cigarette use, and marijuana use); poor physical and mental health status; lack of health care coverage; and experiencing COPD, emphysema, or chronic bronchitis (all p < 0.001). In addition, fewer sexual minority females reported being within recommended breast cancer screening guidelines than heterosexual females (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Sexual and gender minority adults in Ohio report disparities associated with several health behaviors and access to health care. These findings may be due to factors at the patient level (eg, experiencing minority stress), provider level (eg, implicit bias), system level (eg, discrimination), and/or society level (eg, lack of legal protections). Study results will be used to plan health campaigns and programs targeted to SGM adults and providers to achieve health equity for the SGM population in Ohio.
{"title":"Health Disparities Among Sexual and Gender Minority Adults in Ohio","authors":"Hannah E. Albrechta, M. Katz, Megan E. Roberts","doi":"10.18061/ojph.v4i2.8561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ojph.v4i2.8561","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Many documented disparities associated with health behaviors and access to health care impact the health outcomes of sexual and gender minorities (SGM). The current study aimed to gain insight into the health dispari-ties experienced by SGM adults living in Ohio to obtain data to plan future health-related programs. Methods: A secondary data analysis was conducted using 2018 Ohio Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data. Health behaviors, health care access, and health outcomes were analyzed by sexual orientation (n=11 301) and gender identity (n=11 426) to determine health disparities faced by sexual minority males, sexual minority females and transgender individuals. Results: Significant SGM health disparities in Ohio are related to substance use (ie, binge drinking, current smoking status, e-cigarette use, and marijuana use); poor physical and mental health status; lack of health care coverage; and experiencing COPD, emphysema, or chronic bronchitis (all p < 0.001). In addition, fewer sexual minority females reported being within recommended breast cancer screening guidelines than heterosexual females (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Sexual and gender minority adults in Ohio report disparities associated with several health behaviors and access to health care. These findings may be due to factors at the patient level (eg, experiencing minority stress), provider level (eg, implicit bias), system level (eg, discrimination), and/or society level (eg, lack of legal protections). Study results will be used to plan health campaigns and programs targeted to SGM adults and providers to achieve health equity for the SGM population in Ohio.","PeriodicalId":74337,"journal":{"name":"Ohio journal of public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47991814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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