Introduction: An estimated 20% to 30% of people living with HIV (PLHIV) suffer from depression. While the collaborative care model (CCM) is an evidence-based intervention designed to reduce depression, little is known of the impact of additional chronic conditions (ACC) on depression management and CCM response among PLHIV.Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted among 412 PLHIV enrolled in CCM at a large urban community hospital in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, between July 1, 2015, and June 30, 3017. Study participants were identified as clinically depressed at enrollment with at least two PHQ-9 measurements within a year of enrollment. Additional chronic conditions were studied to assess their association with depression treatment response or remission during the study period. Multivariable logistic regression was used to model response and remission considering ACC while adjusting for demographic, program-related, and clinical measures.Results: Depression outcomes were no different based on the presence or number of ACC. Study participants age 50 years or over with obesity (aOR: 0.15; 95% CI: 0.04-0.64) or heart disease (aOR: 0.15; 95% CI: 0.03-0.84) were less likely to achieve remission. Participants irrespective of age with musculoskeletal disease (MSD) were less likely to achieve remission compared to others without MSD (aOR: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.25-0.93).Conclusion: Strategies that address obesity may be necessary adjuncts to successfully treating depression among older adults with HIV, while barriers posed by heart disease or MSD should be further investigated.
{"title":"Additional Chronic Conditions as Barriers to Depression Management Among Adults Living with HIV","authors":"Steven A. Lewis, Lynette Phillips, Ann K. Avery","doi":"10.18061/ojph.v6i1.9371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ojph.v6i1.9371","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: An estimated 20% to 30% of people living with HIV (PLHIV) suffer from depression. While the collaborative care model (CCM) is an evidence-based intervention designed to reduce depression, little is known of the impact of additional chronic conditions (ACC) on depression management and CCM response among PLHIV.Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted among 412 PLHIV enrolled in CCM at a large urban community hospital in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, between July 1, 2015, and June 30, 3017. Study participants were identified as clinically depressed at enrollment with at least two PHQ-9 measurements within a year of enrollment. Additional chronic conditions were studied to assess their association with depression treatment response or remission during the study period. Multivariable logistic regression was used to model response and remission considering ACC while adjusting for demographic, program-related, and clinical measures.Results: Depression outcomes were no different based on the presence or number of ACC. Study participants age 50 years or over with obesity (aOR: 0.15; 95% CI: 0.04-0.64) or heart disease (aOR: 0.15; 95% CI: 0.03-0.84) were less likely to achieve remission. Participants irrespective of age with musculoskeletal disease (MSD) were less likely to achieve remission compared to others without MSD (aOR: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.25-0.93).Conclusion: Strategies that address obesity may be necessary adjuncts to successfully treating depression among older adults with HIV, while barriers posed by heart disease or MSD should be further investigated.","PeriodicalId":74337,"journal":{"name":"Ohio journal of public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139613227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Prashant Bhandari, A. Teferra, Michael Nau, Leyla Tosun, Timothy R. Sahr, Naomi Freedner, Amy K. Ferketich
Background: Research in other countries and limited findings in the United States suggest that adults who smoke are less likely to get COVID-19 vaccines. The objective of this study was to examine vaccine hesitancy by smoking status in Ohio.Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of multiple 8-week waves of the Ohio COVID-19 Survey (OCS) from March 2021 to July 2022. The OCS participants comprised a subsample from the 2019 Ohio Medicaid Assessment Survey, a statewide health survey. After the COVID-19 vaccine was available, participants were asked about vaccination status and, among those not vaccinated, vaccine intentions. To compare vaccine hesitancy by smoking status, multivariable survey-weighted logistic regression models were fit, adjusted for potential confounders. Reason for vaccine hesitancy was asked using an open-ended question; data were coded and analyzed descriptively.Results: Adults who smoked, compared to those who never smoked, had significantly higher odds of being vaccine hesitant between March and April 2021, June and August 2021, October and November 2021, and May and July 2022, with odds ratios ranging from 1.60 to 2.44. Reasons for vaccine hesitancy were not different by smoking status.Conclusion: Although the difference in hesitancy by smoking status was attenuated after December 2021, coincid-ing with an increase in cases, evidence from summer 2022 indicates that adults who smoked continued to display vaccine hesitancy. These results have implications for COVID-19-related outcomes and more research is needed to understand reasons for vaccine hesitancy, which could also serve to educate adults who smoke about vaccination for other diseases.
{"title":"COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy by Smoking Status Among Ohio Adults","authors":"Prashant Bhandari, A. Teferra, Michael Nau, Leyla Tosun, Timothy R. Sahr, Naomi Freedner, Amy K. Ferketich","doi":"10.18061/ojph.v6i1.9616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ojph.v6i1.9616","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Research in other countries and limited findings in the United States suggest that adults who smoke are less likely to get COVID-19 vaccines. The objective of this study was to examine vaccine hesitancy by smoking status in Ohio.Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of multiple 8-week waves of the Ohio COVID-19 Survey (OCS) from March 2021 to July 2022. The OCS participants comprised a subsample from the 2019 Ohio Medicaid Assessment Survey, a statewide health survey. After the COVID-19 vaccine was available, participants were asked about vaccination status and, among those not vaccinated, vaccine intentions. To compare vaccine hesitancy by smoking status, multivariable survey-weighted logistic regression models were fit, adjusted for potential confounders. Reason for vaccine hesitancy was asked using an open-ended question; data were coded and analyzed descriptively.Results: Adults who smoked, compared to those who never smoked, had significantly higher odds of being vaccine hesitant between March and April 2021, June and August 2021, October and November 2021, and May and July 2022, with odds ratios ranging from 1.60 to 2.44. Reasons for vaccine hesitancy were not different by smoking status.Conclusion: Although the difference in hesitancy by smoking status was attenuated after December 2021, coincid-ing with an increase in cases, evidence from summer 2022 indicates that adults who smoked continued to display vaccine hesitancy. These results have implications for COVID-19-related outcomes and more research is needed to understand reasons for vaccine hesitancy, which could also serve to educate adults who smoke about vaccination for other diseases.","PeriodicalId":74337,"journal":{"name":"Ohio journal of public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139612114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The drug overdose death rate is a major public health crisis with overdoses now being considered a leading cause of death within the United States, including in Ohio. Currently, opioid overdoses primarily involve heroin, fentanyl, and other drugs such as cocaine and MDMA laced with fentanyl. Of particular concern has been the recent demographic shift regarding those who overdose. Opioid overdoses are increasing at a disproportionately higher rate among African American individuals as compared to individuals in other racial and ethnic populations. A public health approach is needed to address the rising epidemic of opioid overdoses impacting African American individuals. Such an approach would comprise a comprehensive and coordinated strategy in providing prevention, intervention, treatment, and recovery services to achieve a sustainable public health impact.
{"title":"Reducing Overdoses Among African American Individuals in Ohio: An Emerging Public Health Crisis","authors":"Abby Beausir, Keith A. King","doi":"10.18061/ojph.v6i1.9410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ojph.v6i1.9410","url":null,"abstract":"The drug overdose death rate is a major public health crisis with overdoses now being considered a leading cause of death within the United States, including in Ohio. Currently, opioid overdoses primarily involve heroin, fentanyl, and other drugs such as cocaine and MDMA laced with fentanyl. Of particular concern has been the recent demographic shift regarding those who overdose. Opioid overdoses are increasing at a disproportionately higher rate among African American individuals as compared to individuals in other racial and ethnic populations. A public health approach is needed to address the rising epidemic of opioid overdoses impacting African American individuals. Such an approach would comprise a comprehensive and coordinated strategy in providing prevention, intervention, treatment, and recovery services to achieve a sustainable public health impact.","PeriodicalId":74337,"journal":{"name":"Ohio journal of public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135820014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joseph R. Mandato, Rei Kola, Kevin Mailland, Robert W. Bales
Background: The opiate epidemic continues to cause hardship to American communities, including in all counties in Ohio, and resulted in 100 000 drug overdoses in 2021. Medications such as buprenorphine have helped people affected by opiate use disorder (OUD) to continue through recovery, although medication assisted therapy (MAT) has shown limited retention rates, calling for complimentary interventions to be implemented. Exercise has potential to reduce cardiovascular risk, lower obesity, and improve mental health. The aim of this study is to systematically review the literature on OUD and exercise as an adjunct to MAT. The authors hypothesize that there is a gap in the knowledge as to whether this modality has been thoroughly researched to aid in OUD recovery.Methods: A database literature search of PubMed, CINHAL, and PsychInfo returned a total of 458 abstracts. Four sets of exclusion criteria were implemented resulting in a total of 26 articles. After further review, 8 more articles were excluded by the authors.Results: Eighteen articles including participants with OUD were systematically reviewed. Only 1 article solely fo-cused on participants with OUD and exercise as an adjunct to treatment.Conclusion: Exercise as an adjunct to treatment for OUD is an area of addiction treatment that warrants further investigation. Incorporating exercise into a recovery program for people with substance use disorders (SUD) specifically has been touted as a promising modality, however, limitations in OUD only studies and lack of control groups make it difficult to draw a conclusion to support our hypothesis.
{"title":"Opiate Use Disorder and Exercise: A Systematic Review","authors":"Joseph R. Mandato, Rei Kola, Kevin Mailland, Robert W. Bales","doi":"10.18061/ojph.v6i1.9357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ojph.v6i1.9357","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The opiate epidemic continues to cause hardship to American communities, including in all counties in Ohio, and resulted in 100 000 drug overdoses in 2021. Medications such as buprenorphine have helped people affected by opiate use disorder (OUD) to continue through recovery, although medication assisted therapy (MAT) has shown limited retention rates, calling for complimentary interventions to be implemented. Exercise has potential to reduce cardiovascular risk, lower obesity, and improve mental health. The aim of this study is to systematically review the literature on OUD and exercise as an adjunct to MAT. The authors hypothesize that there is a gap in the knowledge as to whether this modality has been thoroughly researched to aid in OUD recovery.Methods: A database literature search of PubMed, CINHAL, and PsychInfo returned a total of 458 abstracts. Four sets of exclusion criteria were implemented resulting in a total of 26 articles. After further review, 8 more articles were excluded by the authors.Results: Eighteen articles including participants with OUD were systematically reviewed. Only 1 article solely fo-cused on participants with OUD and exercise as an adjunct to treatment.Conclusion: Exercise as an adjunct to treatment for OUD is an area of addiction treatment that warrants further investigation. Incorporating exercise into a recovery program for people with substance use disorders (SUD) specifically has been touted as a promising modality, however, limitations in OUD only studies and lack of control groups make it difficult to draw a conclusion to support our hypothesis.","PeriodicalId":74337,"journal":{"name":"Ohio journal of public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135868843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) created a global public health emergency costing the lives of millions, but the advent of COVID-19 vaccination allowed our society to contain infection and morbidity. As global health began to slowly recover in 2022, the emergence of mpox (monkeypox) in the Western world led to fear that global health would soon be under threat by another viral infection. Mpox is known as a viral zoonosis, or a virus transmitted from animals to humans, which presents with symptoms similar to those of smallpox. Mpox and smallpox belong to the orthopoxvirus genus in the Poxvirdae family, however, mpox is less clinically severe than smallpox, the latter being fully eradicated. Transmission occurs when an individual has direct contact with an infected rash, bodily fluids, respiratory droplets, or via fomites. From July 2022 to May 2023, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the mpox outbreak as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). Therefore, the establishment of treatment guidelines and medication has been widely distributed which include vaccinations based on smallpox and supportive treatments. Most importantly, there are apparent health care disparities in vaccine distribution and treatment which disadvantage Black and Latinx populations, in addition to LGBTQIA+ youth. This review characterizes the human mpox infection and analyzes the impact of mpox in the state of Ohio, with a special focus on tackling the disparities that are disproportionately affecting certain groups.
{"title":"Impact of the 2022 Mpox Outbreak on Future Public Health Initiatives in Ohio","authors":"Gayathri Kumar Plakkot, Sanjay Koka, Rohith Suba Koka, Coral Matus","doi":"10.18061/ojph.v6i1.9476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ojph.v6i1.9476","url":null,"abstract":"The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) created a global public health emergency costing the lives of millions, but the advent of COVID-19 vaccination allowed our society to contain infection and morbidity. As global health began to slowly recover in 2022, the emergence of mpox (monkeypox) in the Western world led to fear that global health would soon be under threat by another viral infection. Mpox is known as a viral zoonosis, or a virus transmitted from animals to humans, which presents with symptoms similar to those of smallpox. Mpox and smallpox belong to the orthopoxvirus genus in the Poxvirdae family, however, mpox is less clinically severe than smallpox, the latter being fully eradicated. Transmission occurs when an individual has direct contact with an infected rash, bodily fluids, respiratory droplets, or via fomites. From July 2022 to May 2023, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the mpox outbreak as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). Therefore, the establishment of treatment guidelines and medication has been widely distributed which include vaccinations based on smallpox and supportive treatments. Most importantly, there are apparent health care disparities in vaccine distribution and treatment which disadvantage Black and Latinx populations, in addition to LGBTQIA+ youth. This review characterizes the human mpox infection and analyzes the impact of mpox in the state of Ohio, with a special focus on tackling the disparities that are disproportionately affecting certain groups.","PeriodicalId":74337,"journal":{"name":"Ohio journal of public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135780775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Roberta Redfern, Camelia Arsene, Lance Dworkin, Shipra Singh, Amala Ambati, Lukken Imel, Alexandria Williamson, Sadik Khuder
Background: The emergence of COVID-19 as a global pandemic has provided yet another example of how racial and social factors can exacerbate health disparities and disproportionately affect minority populations. The goal of the current study was to understand how some of these factors impacted survival in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Northwest Ohio during the first year of the pandemic.Methods: This study was a retrospective review of patient data from a single health care system. Electronic medical records were queried to obtain information on patients who were admitted to the hospital and had a laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infection during their admission. Different predictors were included in the final Cox proportional hazard regression model.Results: There were 3468 patients included in the analyses with an all -cause mortality rate of 18.5%. On average, White patients were older on admission with higher rates of mortality than patients who were Black or of “Other” races (19.8% versus 12.5% and 11.0%, respectively, p < .001). Mortality rates varied significantly by insurance status, with the highest mortality rates observed in the Medicare and “Other” categories (27.1% and 16.5%, respectively). Cox proportional hazard regression model also found race and insurance status to be associated with survival.Conclusion: Considering race and preexisting conditions adjusted for age in a cohort of patients with COVID -19 reveals that insurance payor is significantly associated with mortality. Those who did not have commercial or public insurance had significantly increased risk of mortality compared to those with commercial insurance.
{"title":"The Role of Comorbid Conditions and Socioeconomic Factors in Mortality for Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19","authors":"Roberta Redfern, Camelia Arsene, Lance Dworkin, Shipra Singh, Amala Ambati, Lukken Imel, Alexandria Williamson, Sadik Khuder","doi":"10.18061/ojph.v6i1.9247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ojph.v6i1.9247","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The emergence of COVID-19 as a global pandemic has provided yet another example of how racial and social factors can exacerbate health disparities and disproportionately affect minority populations. The goal of the current study was to understand how some of these factors impacted survival in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Northwest Ohio during the first year of the pandemic.Methods: This study was a retrospective review of patient data from a single health care system. Electronic medical records were queried to obtain information on patients who were admitted to the hospital and had a laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infection during their admission. Different predictors were included in the final Cox proportional hazard regression model.Results: There were 3468 patients included in the analyses with an all -cause mortality rate of 18.5%. On average, White patients were older on admission with higher rates of mortality than patients who were Black or of “Other” races (19.8% versus 12.5% and 11.0%, respectively, p < .001). Mortality rates varied significantly by insurance status, with the highest mortality rates observed in the Medicare and “Other” categories (27.1% and 16.5%, respectively). Cox proportional hazard regression model also found race and insurance status to be associated with survival.Conclusion: Considering race and preexisting conditions adjusted for age in a cohort of patients with COVID -19 reveals that insurance payor is significantly associated with mortality. Those who did not have commercial or public insurance had significantly increased risk of mortality compared to those with commercial insurance.","PeriodicalId":74337,"journal":{"name":"Ohio journal of public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135780960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anna Squibb, Bradley Subler, Tongfan Wu, Vijay K. Rings, Khadijah C. Collins
Background: Patients with substance use disorders (SUD) have higher rates of sexually transmitted infections (STI) and limited utility of preventive and outpatient primary care. Women with SUD are a particularly vulnerable population requiring consistent primary and reproductive health care. This study evaluated the need for providing women’s primary health care to patients in a residential SUD treatment facility in rural southwest Ohio.Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted using intakes at a female-only residential SUD treatment facility from 2021-2022. Variables recorded in this study were: 1) patient-reported substance use; 2) laboratory screenings for hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV, and STIs; 3) reproductive history (contraceptive, Papanicolaou (Pap) test, and pregnancy history); 4) patient-reported connection with a primary care provider (PCP); and 5) patient-reported mental health disorders. The analysis provided descriptive statistics to identify comorbidities and trends in women with SUD.Results: All completed intake charts were reviewed (n=159) without exclusions. No current PCP was reported in 59% of patients. Papanicolaou tests were needed in 50% of patients, and, of those completed, six (21%) had abnormal results. Almost 20% of patients were found with a positive STI, with highest prevalence of trichomoniasis (23%). Viral infection rate was 42%, the most common being hepatitis C (35% with active infection). Patient-reported comorbid psychiatric illness was 90%, the most common being generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) at 67.3%.Conclusion: This study supports the need for whole person primary care in residential SUD treatment facilities, particularly in respect to viral and sexually transmitted infections, and for overall women's health.
{"title":"Bridging the Gaps in Women's Primary Care for Those Treated at a Residential Drug Treatment Facility in Southwest Ohio","authors":"Anna Squibb, Bradley Subler, Tongfan Wu, Vijay K. Rings, Khadijah C. Collins","doi":"10.18061/ojph.v6i1.9377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ojph.v6i1.9377","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Patients with substance use disorders (SUD) have higher rates of sexually transmitted infections (STI) and limited utility of preventive and outpatient primary care. Women with SUD are a particularly vulnerable population requiring consistent primary and reproductive health care. This study evaluated the need for providing women’s primary health care to patients in a residential SUD treatment facility in rural southwest Ohio.Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted using intakes at a female-only residential SUD treatment facility from 2021-2022. Variables recorded in this study were: 1) patient-reported substance use; 2) laboratory screenings for hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV, and STIs; 3) reproductive history (contraceptive, Papanicolaou (Pap) test, and pregnancy history); 4) patient-reported connection with a primary care provider (PCP); and 5) patient-reported mental health disorders. The analysis provided descriptive statistics to identify comorbidities and trends in women with SUD.Results: All completed intake charts were reviewed (n=159) without exclusions. No current PCP was reported in 59% of patients. Papanicolaou tests were needed in 50% of patients, and, of those completed, six (21%) had abnormal results. Almost 20% of patients were found with a positive STI, with highest prevalence of trichomoniasis (23%). Viral infection rate was 42%, the most common being hepatitis C (35% with active infection). Patient-reported comorbid psychiatric illness was 90%, the most common being generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) at 67.3%.Conclusion: This study supports the need for whole person primary care in residential SUD treatment facilities, particularly in respect to viral and sexually transmitted infections, and for overall women's health.","PeriodicalId":74337,"journal":{"name":"Ohio journal of public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45961358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sanjay K. A. Jinka, Jay P. Natarajan, M. Kubina, Jennifer A. Glover, Julie Nam, Sanaa Mansoor, Charles Leahy, Troy Kotsch, R. Fischbein, Mike Appleman
Background: Preventing the spread of COVID-19 comes with many challenges. Considering the sociobehavioral effects of social distancing in rural communities specifically is incredibly important. No previous studies have been published about adherence to COVID-19 preventative measures and viewpoints on vaccination/other prevention measures in the rural Appalachian region of Ohio specifically. This present study will describe the results of a survey regarding perceptions of COVID-19 in rural communities.Methods: A 20-question cross-sectional survey was administered over a 6-week period from February to April 2021. Survey distribution was completed via flyers with QR codes hung at 4 medical offices in Columbiana and Tuscarawas counties. The survey was adapted from the standardized FluTEST survey. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analyses were used for comparison.Results: We had 23 respondents after removing incomplete/nonconsenting responses. Our data showed that contracting COVID-19 was associated with vaccine distrust. Females and those with health risk factors were found to be more cautious when compared to males and those without risk factors, respectively. Respondents under age 65 years were more likely to trust government health agencies. Those with emotional distress were more likely to take precautions in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic.Conclusion: To prevent widening health inequalities in the particularly vulnerable population of Appalachia, further study with larger sample size should be conducted. This information can be used by health care providers to tailor patient education regarding COVID-19 vaccine administration, treatment, and prevention measures.
{"title":"A Survey of Behaviors, Beliefs, and Perceptions of COVID-19 in Rural Appalachian Ohio","authors":"Sanjay K. A. Jinka, Jay P. Natarajan, M. Kubina, Jennifer A. Glover, Julie Nam, Sanaa Mansoor, Charles Leahy, Troy Kotsch, R. Fischbein, Mike Appleman","doi":"10.18061/ojph.v6i1.9054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ojph.v6i1.9054","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Preventing the spread of COVID-19 comes with many challenges. Considering the sociobehavioral effects of social distancing in rural communities specifically is incredibly important. No previous studies have been published about adherence to COVID-19 preventative measures and viewpoints on vaccination/other prevention measures in the rural Appalachian region of Ohio specifically. This present study will describe the results of a survey regarding perceptions of COVID-19 in rural communities.Methods: A 20-question cross-sectional survey was administered over a 6-week period from February to April 2021. Survey distribution was completed via flyers with QR codes hung at 4 medical offices in Columbiana and Tuscarawas counties. The survey was adapted from the standardized FluTEST survey. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analyses were used for comparison.Results: We had 23 respondents after removing incomplete/nonconsenting responses. Our data showed that contracting COVID-19 was associated with vaccine distrust. Females and those with health risk factors were found to be more cautious when compared to males and those without risk factors, respectively. Respondents under age 65 years were more likely to trust government health agencies. Those with emotional distress were more likely to take precautions in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic.Conclusion: To prevent widening health inequalities in the particularly vulnerable population of Appalachia, further study with larger sample size should be conducted. This information can be used by health care providers to tailor patient education regarding COVID-19 vaccine administration, treatment, and prevention measures.","PeriodicalId":74337,"journal":{"name":"Ohio journal of public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46842101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ohio Journal of Public Health Vol. 5, Issue 2 (July 2023): Full Issue","authors":"Ohio Public Health Association OPHA","doi":"10.18061/ojph.v5i2.9598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ojph.v5i2.9598","url":null,"abstract":"No abstract available.","PeriodicalId":74337,"journal":{"name":"Ohio journal of public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47621110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Make the Most of Your State Public Health Journal","authors":"Sheryl L. Chatfield","doi":"10.18061/ojph.v5i2.9569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ojph.v5i2.9569","url":null,"abstract":"No abstract available.","PeriodicalId":74337,"journal":{"name":"Ohio journal of public health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47055254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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