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Isotherm and Thermodynamic Calculations of Adsorption Method for Removal of Crystalline Violet Dyestuffs from Wastewater Using Koçpınar/Siirt Clay Koçpınar/Siirt粘土吸附法去除废水中结晶紫色染料的等温线和热力学计算
Pub Date : 2023-06-22 DOI: 10.35414/akufemubid.1171811
Ali Rıza Kul, Veysel Benek
Araştırmamızda, kanserojen etkisi de bilinen boyar maddelerden biri olan kristal viyoletin sulu çözeltilerden Siirt/Koçpınar kili ile uzaklaştırılması çalışıldı. Birinci aşamada kil modifikasyona maruz bırakılmadan doğal şekliyle (KO) kullanıldı, ikinci aşamada ise aynı işlemler HNO3 ile aktifleştirilen Siirt/Koçpınar kili (KA) ile tekrar edildi. Adsorpsiyon neticesinde veriler D-R, Langmuir ve Freundlich izoterm modellerine uygulandı. Hesaplamalar sonucunda en iyi verim, 0.4 g adsorbent dozajı ile pH 5 ortamında elde edildi. Çalışma neticesinde optimum koşullarda KO adsorbenti için % 59.48, KA adsorbentin de % 83.97 giderim sağlandı. Korelasyon katsayısının 0.99’dan büyük olarak hesaplandığı Freundlich izoterm modeli, çalışmamızın uygun olduğu izoterm modeli oldu. Ayrıca D-R izoterm modeli için bulunan D-R adsorpsiyon serbest enerjisi, hem doğal hem de aktifleştirilmiş kil için 8 kJ/mol değerinden küçük bulundu. Bu sonuç adsorpsiyon işleminin fiziksel olduğunu gösterdi. Termodinamik hesaplamalar neticesinde hesaplanan Gibbs serbest enerji değerlerinin sıfırdan küçük çıkması bizlere çalışmamızın istemli meydana geldiğini gösterdi.
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引用次数: 0
AcCl veya Ac2O Kullanılarak Bazı Norkantarimid Türevlerinin Moleküler Kararlılık, Sentez Mekanizması ve Oluşumunlarının İncelenmesi: Mekanizma Tabanlı Bir Çalışma
Pub Date : 2023-06-22 DOI: 10.35414/akufemubid.1207578
Aytekin Köse
The aim in this study was first to explain, in detail the conversion of diacetates over time into chlorinated monoacetates following ether cleavage with AcCl of norcantharimide derivatives with the help of the NMR technique and second, to verify this conversion theoretically and computationally. Ether cleavage reactions of N-methyl, N-benzyl, and N-acetoxyethyl-substituted norcantharimide derivatives were performed with Ac2O or AcCl in the presence of H2SO4, and the mechanisms of these reactions were elucidated in detail. According to the 1H NMR analyses of aliquots from the reactions with AcCl, trans-1,4-diacetates formed firstly. Upon the continuation of the reaction, trans-1,4-diacetates transformed into trans-1,2-chloroacetates via an SN2' mechanism. Additionally, this explanation was further supported by the soft theoretical and physical calculations.
本研究的目的首先是在NMR技术的帮助下,详细解释二乙酸酯随着时间的推移与去甲萘酰亚胺衍生物的AcCl醚裂解后转化为氯化单乙酸酯的过程,其次,从理论上和计算上验证这种转化。在H2SO4的存在下,用Ac2O或AcCl对n -甲基、n -苄基和n -乙酰氧基取代的去甲萘酰亚胺衍生物进行了醚裂解反应,并对这些反应的机理进行了详细的探讨。根据与AcCl反应的等分物的1H NMR分析,首先生成反式-1,4-二乙酸酯。反应继续后,反式-1,4-二乙酸酯通过SN2'机制转化为反式-1,2-氯乙酸酯。此外,这一解释还得到了软理论和物理计算的进一步支持。
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引用次数: 0
Barabási-Albert Çizgesinde K-Derece Anonimleştirmenin Performans Analizi
Pub Date : 2023-06-22 DOI: 10.35414/akufemubid.1149701
Fatih Soygazi̇, D. Oguz
Anonymity is one the most important problems that emerged with the increasing number of graph-based social networks. It is not straightforward to ensure anonymity by adding or removing some nodes from the graph. Therefore, a more sophisticated approach is required. The consideration of the degree of the nodes in a graph may facilitate having knowledge about specific nodes. To handle this problem, one of the prominent solutions is k-degree anonymization where some nodes involving particular degree values are anonymized by masking its information from the attackers. Our objective is to evaluate the achievement of k-degree anonymization with a well-known graph structure, namely, Barabási-Albert graph, which is similar to the graphs on social networks. Hence, we generate multiple synthetic Barabási-Albert graphs and evaluate the k-degree anonymization performance on these graphs. According to experimental results, the success of k-degree anonymity approximately proportional to the number of edges or nodes.
匿名是随着基于图形的社交网络数量的增加而出现的最重要的问题之一。通过从图中添加或删除一些节点来确保匿名并不简单。因此,需要一种更复杂的方法。考虑图中节点的度可能有助于了解特定节点。为了解决这个问题,一个突出的解决方案是k度匿名化,其中一些涉及特定度值的节点通过屏蔽攻击者的信息来匿名化。我们的目标是用一个众所周知的图结构来评估k度匿名化的成就,即Barabási-Albert图,它类似于社交网络上的图。因此,我们生成多个合成Barabási-Albert图,并在这些图上评估k度匿名化性能。根据实验结果,k度匿名的成功程度近似与边或节点的数量成正比。
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引用次数: 0
Gadolinyum(III) Asetat İçeren Yeni Tetrapirazinoporfirazinin Sentezi ve Spektroskopik Özellikleri
Pub Date : 2023-06-22 DOI: 10.35414/akufemubid.1180731
M. Pi̇şki̇n, Zafer Odabaş, Mahmut Durmuş
A new tetrakis-(2-methylpyrazino)porphyrazinato gadolinium(III) acetate complex was synthesized. Elemental analysis, Fourier-Transform Infrared, Ultraviolet-visible, and fluorescence spectroscopy techniques clarified its structure. It can dissolve very well without aggregation in both Dimethyl sulfoxide and N, N-Dimethylformamide, which have high dielectric constant and high dipole moment from polar aprotic solvent type. Its aggregation property was also investigated in dimethyl sulfoxide at different concentrations, and it was determined to contain monomeric species. In addition, its fluorescence properties were investigated in Dimethyl sulfoxide and the effect of gadolinium(III) acetate metal ion as a heavy rare earth element was determined. According to the findings in this study, it may be used as an electronic and optical material and in various technological applications such as photocatalytic applications. In addition, these findings may be useful for systems that include changes in pyrazinoporphyrazine-like forms.
合成了一种新的四酰基(2-甲基吡嗪)卟啉-醋酸钆配合物。元素分析、傅里叶变换红外、紫外可见和荧光光谱技术阐明了其结构。在高介电常数和高偶极矩的极性非质子溶剂型二甲基亚砜和N, N-二甲基甲酰胺中均能很好地溶解而不聚集。研究了其在不同浓度二甲亚砜中的聚集特性,确定其含有单体。研究了其在二甲亚砜中的荧光特性,并测定了重稀土元素醋酸钆金属离子对其荧光性能的影响。根据本研究的发现,它可以用作电子和光学材料以及光催化等各种技术应用。此外,这些发现可能对包括吡嗪卟啉样形式变化的系统有用。
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引用次数: 0
Mardin İli Bazı Dağlık Bölgelerinde İnsan Tüketimi Amaçlı Yenilebilir Bitkiler Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Pub Date : 2023-06-22 DOI: 10.35414/akufemubid.1243148
Cebrail Eksi̇k, Hasan Akan
This research was carried out to determine the ethnobotanical studies of edible wild plants in some parts of Mardin province, a historical city of Upper Mesopotamia, in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey, between the years 2018-2020. The wild plants consumed as food by the local people living in the villages of Mardin province and their usage patterns were determined. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 80 people and ethnobotanical information forms were prepared. The local and scientific names of the identified plants were included and their usage purposes were determined. As a result of the study, it was determined that 131 plant species were used as edible in folk tradition.
本研究旨在确定2018-2020年间土耳其东南安纳托利亚地区上美索不达米亚历史名城马尔丁省部分地区可食用野生植物的民族植物学研究。调查了马尔丁省村庄居民食用的野生植物及其使用模式。对80人进行了面对面访谈,并编制了民族植物学信息表。已鉴定植物的地名和学名均已列入,并确定了它们的使用目的。研究结果确定了131种民间传统食用植物。
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引用次数: 0
C1-C2 Noktalarının Enterpolasyon Yöntemiyle Elde Edilen GNSS Hızlarına Ait Doğrulukların Araştırılması
Pub Date : 2023-06-22 DOI: 10.35414/akufemubid.1234261
Hülya Balaban, Halil İbrahim Solak, İbrahim Ti̇ryaki̇oğlu
Bu çalışmada, Afyonkarahisar ve civar illerde bulunan C1 ve C2 noktalarının geçmiş dönemlerde enterpolasyonla hesaplanan hızları ile Harita Genel Müdürlüğü tarafından yayınlanan güncel hız alanı kullanılarak hesaplanılan hızları karşılaştırılıp, değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen güncel hızlar ile geçmiş dönemdeki hızlar arasındaki farklar incelenmiş ve bileşen bazında fark haritaları oluşturulmuştur. Fark haritaları incelendiğinde bileşen bazında farkın yüksek çıktığı değerlerin X bileşeninde 17 mm/yıl, Y bileşeninde 14 mm/yıl, Z bileşeninde ise 14 mm/yıl olduğu görülmüştür.
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引用次数: 0
Adsorption, Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Reactive Blue 21 Textile Dyestuff Using Copper Doped Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite Decorated on Kaolin Surface 高岭土表面修饰铜掺杂氧化锌纳米复合材料对活性蓝21纺织染料的吸附、动力学和热力学
Pub Date : 2023-06-22 DOI: 10.35414/akufemubid.1173331
Eda KELEŞ GÜNER, A. Özdemir, Bilge Doğan, B. Caglar
Bu çalışmanın amacı; tekstil endüstrisinde yaygın olarak kullanılan bir boyarmadde olan Reaktif Mavi 21 (RM21)’in atık sulardan adsorpsiyon yöntemiyle uzaklaştırılmasında kaolin yüzeyine dekore edilmiş bakır katkılı çinko oksit nanokompozitinin adsorban olarak kullanılabilirliğinin araştırılmasıdır. Adsorpsiyon üzerine, başlangıç RM21 konsantrasyonu, adsorban miktarı, sıcaklık ve denge süresi gibi çeşitli deneysel parametrelerin etkileri incelenmiştir. Adsorpsiyon hızının ikinci mertebeden hız ifadesine uyduğu ve kaolin yüzeyine dekore edilmiş bakır katkılı çinko oksit nanokompozitinin RM21 üzerine adsorpsiyonunun Redlich-Peterson izoterm modeliyle uyum sağladığı görülmüştür. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları, RM21’nin sulu çözeltilerden uzaklaştırılmasında kaolin yüzeyine dekore edilmiş bakır katkılı çinko oksit nanokompozitinin etkili bir adsorban olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir.
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引用次数: 0
The Fact of Soil Amplification and Liquefaction After the Earthquakes of February 6, 2023: Examples of Antakya, Gölbaşı, Türkoğlu 2023年2月6日地震后土壤放大和液化的事实:以安塔基亚为例,Gölbaşı, Türkoğlu
Pub Date : 2023-06-22 DOI: 10.35414/akufemubid.1298648
Süleyman Gücek, K. B. Afacan, Ismail Zorluer
6 Şubat 2023 Kahramanmaraş-Pazarcık (Mw=7.7) ve Elbistan (Mw=7.6) Depremleri 11 ilimizi etkilemiş olup depremler, Türkiye'nin doğusunda ve güney doğusunda yer alan Hatay, Adıyaman, Kahramanmaraş, Malatya, Gaziantep, Osmaniye, Adana, Kilis, Diyarbakır, Şanlıurfa ve Elazığ illerinde binlerce insanımızın hayatlarını kaybetmesine, on binlerce insanın yaralanmasına, alt yapı ve ulaşım sistemlerinde, yapılarda ve yollarda ciddi hasarlara neden olmuştur. Bu çalışma kapsamında 6 Şubat depremleri sonrasında sahaya özel analizlerle, hasarın ve yıkımın ne kadar büyük olduğunu tahmin edebilme kapasitesi araştırılmıştır. Her türlü statik-sismik tasarım için yönetmelik genel bir standart sunmaktadır. Depremlerin yıkıcılığının azaltılmasına bir katkı sağlamak amacıyla bölgede depremden en çok etkilenen 3 farklı bölgeden alınan sondaj-sismik ölçüm bilgilerine dayanarak sahaya özel analizler yapılmıştır. Arazi ve laboratuvar deney sonuçlarından yararlanılarak DeepSoil v6 programında zemin büyütme ve sıvılaşma analizleri yapılmıştır.
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引用次数: 0
Kapılı Tekrarlayan Hücreler Tabanlı Bulanık Zaman Serileri Tahminleme Modeli
Pub Date : 2023-06-22 DOI: 10.35414/akufemubid.1175297
Serdar Arslan
Time series forecasting has lots of applications in various industries such as weather, business, retail and energy consumption forecasting. Accurate prediction in these applications is very important and also difficult task because of complexity and uncertainty of time series. Nowadays, using deep learning methods is a popular approach in time series forecasting and shows better performance than classical methods. However, in the literature, there are few studies which use deep learning methods in fuzzy time series (FTS) forecasting. In this study, we propose a novel FTS forecasting model which is based upon hybridization of Recurrent Neural Networks with FTS to deal with complexity and also uncertanity of these series. The proposed model utilizes Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) to make prediction by using combination of membership values and also past value from original time series data as model input and produce real forecast value. Moreover, the proposed model can handle first order fuzzy relations as well as high order ones. In experiments, we have compared our model results with those of state-of-art methods by using two real world datasets; The Taiwan Stock Exchange Capitalization Weighted Stock Index (TAIEX) and Nikkei Stock Average. The results indicate that our model outperforms or performs similar to other methods. The proposed model is also validated by using Covid-19 active case dataset and shows better performance than Long Short-term Memory (LSTM) networks.
时间序列预测在天气、商业、零售和能源消耗预测等各个行业都有广泛的应用。由于时间序列的复杂性和不确定性,在这些应用中准确预测是非常重要的,也是一项困难的任务。目前,使用深度学习方法进行时间序列预测是一种比较流行的方法,并且表现出比经典方法更好的性能。然而,在文献中,很少有研究将深度学习方法用于模糊时间序列(FTS)预测。在本研究中,我们提出了一种新的基于递归神经网络与FTS杂交的FTS预测模型,以处理这些序列的复杂性和不确定性。该模型利用门控循环单元(GRU)将原始时间序列数据中的隶属度值和过去值的组合作为模型输入进行预测,并产生真实的预测值。该模型既能处理一阶模糊关系,也能处理高阶模糊关系。在实验中,我们通过使用两个真实世界的数据集,将我们的模型结果与最先进的方法进行了比较;台湾证券交易所资本加权股票指数(TAIEX)及日经股票平均指数。结果表明,我们的模型优于或类似于其他方法。利用Covid-19活动病例数据对该模型进行了验证,结果表明该模型的性能优于长短期记忆(LSTM)网络。
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引用次数: 0
Derin Evrişim Tabanlı Çekişmeli Üretici Ağları İle Uçtan Uca Sanat Eserleri Üretimi
Pub Date : 2023-06-22 DOI: 10.35414/akufemubid.1269356
Nazlı Turhan, Ahmet Haşim Yurttakal
While artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are used in many fields such as health, education, art and continue to develop rapidly, emerging artificial intelligence solutions are also being addressed by different disciplines, such as informatics and law. Apart from the problems of legal rules' having access to the speed of social change, the search of a legal infrastructure that is suitable for keeping up with these changes has started to make itself felt in recent years. In the study, the technical stages of digital artworks created by using contentious producer networks from deep learning algorithms were discussed and evaluated within the scope of intellectual and artistic works law. In the study, 6989 abstract and portrait paintings, which are a subset of the Wiki-Art dataset, were used. As a result, it has been seen that the number of images in the dataset affects the originality of the outputs. It is thought that the proposed method can be applied to different branches of art and can give art lovers a different perspective.
虽然人工智能(AI)技术被用于卫生、教育、艺术等许多领域,并继续迅速发展,但信息学和法律等不同学科也在研究新兴的人工智能解决方案。除了法律规则跟不上社会变化速度的问题外,近年来,人们开始感到需要寻找一种适合跟上这些变化的法律基础设施。在这项研究中,在知识和艺术作品法的范围内,讨论和评估了使用深度学习算法的有争议的生产者网络创建的数字艺术品的技术阶段。在这项研究中,使用了6989幅抽象画和肖像画,它们是维基艺术数据集的一个子集。因此,可以看出数据集中图像的数量会影响输出的原创性。人们认为,所提出的方法可以应用于不同的艺术分支,可以给艺术爱好者一个不同的视角。
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引用次数: 0
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Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Sciences and Engineering
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