Online journal of public health informatics最新文献

Background: On average, people in the United States visit a doctor 4 times a year, and many of them have chronic illnesses. Because of the increased use of technology, people frequently rely on the internet to access health information and statistics. People use health care information to make better-educated decisions for themselves and others. Health care dashboards should provide pertinent and easily understood data, such as information on timely cancer screenings, so the public can make better-informed decisions. In order to enhance health outcomes, effective dashboards should provide precise data in an accessible and easily digestible manner.

Objective: This study identifies the top 15 attributes of a health care dashboard. The objective of this research is to enhance health care dashboards to benefit the public by making better health care information available for more informed decisions by the public and to improve population-level health care outcomes.

Methods: The authors conducted a survey of health care dashboards with 218 individuals identifying the best practices to consider when creating a public health care dashboard. The data collection was conducted from June 2023 to August 2023. The analyses performed were descriptive statistics, frequencies, and a comparison to a prior study.

Results: From May 2023 to June 2023, we collected 3259 responses in multiple different states around the United States from 218 people aged 18 years or older. The features ranking in descending order of importance are as follows: (1) easy navigation, (2) historical data, (3) simplicity of design, (4) high usability, (5) use of clear descriptions, (6) consistency of data, (7) use of diverse chart types, (8) compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act, (9) incorporated user feedback, (10) mobile compatibility, (11) comparison data with other entities, (12) storytelling, (13) predictive analytics with artificial intelligence, (14) adjustable thresholds, and (15) charts with tabulated data.

Conclusions: Future studies can extend the research to other types of dashboards such as bioinformatics, financial, and managerial dashboards as well as confirm these top 15 best practices for medical dashboards with further evidentiary support. The medical informatics community may benefit from standardization to improve efficiency and effectiveness as dashboards can communicate vital information to patients worldwide on critically prominent issues. Furthermore, health care professionals should use these best practices to help increase population health care outcomes by informing health care consumers to make better decisions with better data.

Unlabelled: This paper introduces population digital health (PDH)-the use of digital health information sourced from health internet of things (IoT) and wearable devices for population health modeling-as an emerging research domain that offers an integrated approach for continuous monitoring and profiling of diseases and health conditions at multiple spatial resolutions. PDH combines health data sourced from health IoT devices, machine learning, and ubiquitous computing or networking infrastructure to increase the scale, coverage, equity, and cost-effectiveness of population health. This contrasts with the traditional population health approach, which relies on data from structured clinical records (eg, electronic health records) or health surveys. We present the overall PDH approach and highlight its key research challenges, provide solutions to key research challenges, and demonstrate the potential of PDH through three case studies that address (1) data inadequacy, (2) inaccuracy of the health IoT devices' sensor measurements, and (3) the spatiotemporal sparsity in the available digital health information. Finally, we discuss the conditions, prerequisites, and barriers for adopting PDH drawing on from real-world examples from different geographic regions.

Background: Digital health is a new health field initiative. Health professionals require security in digital places because cybercriminals target health care professionals. Therefore, millions of medical records have been breached for money. Regarding digital security, there is a gap in studies in limited-resource countries. Therefore, surveying health professionals' attitudes toward digital health data security has a significant purpose for interventions.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the attitudes of health professionals toward digital health data security and their associated factors in a resource-limited country.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to measure health professionals' attitudes toward digital health data security. The sample size was calculated using a single population. A pretest was conducted to measure consistency. Binary logistic regression was used to identify associated factors. For multivariable logistic analysis, a P value ≤.20 was selected using Stata software (version 16; StataCorp LP).

Results: Of the total sample, 95% (402/423) of health professionals participated in the study. Of all participants, 63.2% (254/402) were male, and the mean age of the respondents was 34.5 (SD 5.87) years. The proportion of health professionals who had a favorable attitude toward digital health data security at specialized teaching hospitals was 60.9% (95% CI 56.0%-65.6%). Educational status (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 3.292, 95% CI 1.16-9.34), basic computer skills (AOR 1.807, 95% CI 1.11-2.938), knowledge (AOR 3.238, 95% CI 2.0-5.218), and perceived usefulness (AOR 1.965, 95% CI 1.063-3.632) were factors associated with attitudes toward digital health data security.

Conclusions: This study aimed to assess health professionals' attitudes toward digital health data security. Interventions on educational status, basic computer skills, knowledge, and perceived usefulness are important for improving health professionals' attitudes. Improving the attitudes of health professionals related to digital data security is necessary for digitalization in the health care arena.

Background: There is an emerging need for evidence-based approaches harnessing large amounts of health care data and novel technologies (such as artificial intelligence) to optimize public health policy making.

Objective: The aim of this review was to explore the data analytics tools designed specifically for policy making in noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and their implementation.

Methods: A scoping review was conducted after searching the PubMed and IEEE databases for articles published in the last 10 years.

Results: Nine articles that presented 7 data analytics tools designed to inform policy making for NCDs were reviewed. The tools incorporated descriptive and predictive analytics. Some tools were designed to include recommendations for decision support, but no pilot studies applying prescriptive analytics have been published. The tools were piloted with various conditions, with cancer being the least studied condition. Implementation of the tools included use cases, pilots, or evaluation workshops that involved policy makers. However, our findings demonstrate very limited real-world use of analytics by policy makers, which is in line with previous studies.

Conclusions: Despite the availability of tools designed for different purposes and conditions, data analytics is not widely used to support policy making for NCDs. However, the review demonstrates the value and potential use of data analytics to support policy making. Based on the findings, we make suggestions for researchers developing digital tools to support public health policy making. The findings will also serve as input for the European Union-funded research project ONCODIR developing a policy analytics dashboard for the prevention of colorectal cancer as part of an integrated platform.

Unlabelled: Our objective was to evaluate the CANImmunize digital solution and measure the impact on workflow and appointment booking at Bruyère Hospital.

Background: e-Pharmacy can potentially solve problems related to the quality of services and products, cost, and access to medicines in low- and middle-income countries. This review aims to understand the facilitators and barriers to the implementation of e-pharmacy in India.

Objective: This scoping review aimed (1) to understand the facilitators and barriers to the use of e-pharmacy in India and (2) to estimate the potential for e-pharmacy in India for improving access to medication, improving the quality of services and medicines, and decreasing costs of medications.

Methods: All published and gray literature from July 1, 2011, to June 30, 2021, relating to e-pharmacy, was searched from MEDLINE, Scopus, ProQuest, and Google using a systematic search strategy.

Results: In total, 1464 titles and abstracts were screened, of which 47 full-texts were included in the review. e-Pharmacy can potentially improve access to medications for remote areas, and old and debilitated individuals. e-Pharmacies can enable lean supply chain management, lower cost, and allow easy tracking of dispensed medicines. There is potential for integration of e-pharmacy services into the national program of Bhartiya Jan Aushadhi Pariyojana. However, the country is not adequately regulated to prevent the growth of illicit e-pharmacies. Lack of global accreditation and internet coverage, digital literacy, and transnational access are other challenges.

Conclusions: E-pharmacy has the potential to improve universal health coverage in India by improving access to medicines and lowering the overall cost of health care. However, future growth will need specific regulations and accreditation mechanisms.

Trial registration: Open Science Forum; https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/6R9YQ.

Background: Vaccination services are increasingly in demand by the public, and mobile apps are an effective tool to meet that demand. However, the characteristics and quality of these apps are unknown.

Objective: Commonly used vaccination service apps on the market were surveyed with regard to quality, service content, and user experience to evaluate and guide users.

Methods: The Qimai Data mobile app data analytics platform was used to search for common vaccination service apps by keyword, and the WeChat and Alipay platforms were searched for apps. The apps included in the study were independently evaluated by two reviewers using the Mobile Application Rating Scale, and the service content and user experience of the apps were analyzed. The intragroup correlation coefficient between raters was used to measure interrater reliability.

Results: In the app stores of the four major Android platforms and the iOS app store, 1092 and 207 apps were found, respectively; 189 WeChat applets and 30 Alipay applets were also found. A total of 29 apps was ultimately included in this study according to the inclusion criteria, including 21 independent apps, 4 WeChat applets, and 4 Alipay applets. Significant differences were found between independent apps and applets in terms of the quality score (t_449.57=-5.301; P<.001) and the subjective quality score (z=-4.753; P<.001). No significant differences were found between iOS and Android platforms in terms of the quality score (t₁₄₀₄=-2.55; P=.80) and the subjective quality score (z=-0.137; P=.89). There was good intragroup consistency among the raters.

Conclusions: In this study, independent apps and nonindependent apps that rely on social and payment platforms for implementation were included in the vaccination services category. The overall quality of these apps was acceptable. Nonindependent running apps were found to have slightly lower scores and showed room for improvement, and scores for the participatory apps were found to be generally low overall.

Background: Consideration of ethics in the promotion of medications is essential to safeguard the health of consumers, particularly during health crises. The World Health Organization (WHO) and the South African Health Products Regulatory Authority (SAHPRA) have established stringent standards to ensure the integrity of pharmaceutical promotions and safeguard public health, including advertisements on the internet and social media platforms. However, the dynamic nature of online advertising poses challenges for monitoring and enforcing ethical standards.

Objective: The study aimed (1) to examine the COVID-19 drug and medicinal promotions across online platforms and social media from 2020 to 2022 in South Africa and (2) to ensure that drug promotions adhere to ethical guidelines outlined by the WHO and SAPHRA.

Methods: A cross-sectional content analysis was conducted to assess drug and medicinal advertisements across various internet and social media platforms. A systematic approach was used to identify and analyze promotional content, focusing on adherence to ethical guidelines outlined by WHO and SAPHRA. Data were collected and analyzed to determine the extent of compliance and identify any potential violations or areas for improvement.

Results: A total of 14 online drug advertisements were included in this analysis. Our findings show that most of the drugs advertised did not meet the regulations and guidelines provided by WHO and SAHPRA. There were omissions about active ingredients, proprietary names, adverse drug responses, precautions, and overdosage and adverse drug reactions. Traditional medicines were not fully consistent with the approved WHO ethical criteria data sheet.

Conclusions: Our analysis highlights the critical importance of ensuring compliance with ethical guidelines in drug promotions on the internet and social media platforms. There is a need for continued vigilance and enforcement efforts to uphold ethical standards and protect the health of the public. Ongoing monitoring and collaboration between national drug regulatory agencies, pharmaceutical companies, and online platforms will be essential for promoting responsible advertising. In addition, safety monitoring and pharmacovigilance systems for herbal medicinal products are yet to be established.