{"title":"Pneumocephalus was commonly evident and pneumorrhachis was very commonly evident among our peri-anesthesia patients whose peri-partum neurological symptoms had warranted radiological investigations","authors":"Deepak Gupta","doi":"10.1515/ohe-2023-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ohe-2023-0008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74349,"journal":{"name":"Open health data","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134982053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Following the outbreak of COVID-19, the federal government in the United States required some population groups to be vaccinated. Other countries imposed even more comprehensive vaccination requirements. We conducted a preregistered randomized survey experiment that evaluated whether emphasizing the societal or economic benefits could shift popular support for a COVID-19 vaccine mandate for all adults. The experiment was embedded in a survey conducted in May 2022 on a sample of 1,199 registered voters in South Dakota. Participants were randomly assigned into a control group ( n = 394), communitarian frame group ( n = 403), or economic frame group ( n = 379). Results of difference-of-means tests and multivariate regression analyses showed that neither of the experimental treatments had a statistically significant impact on support for mandatory COVID-19 vaccination. We found that these attitudes were primarily driven by partisan self-identification. Our results underscored the political nature of attitudes toward the COVID-19 pandemic and particularly mandatory COVID-19 vaccination.
{"title":"Message framing, partisanship, and popular support for COVID-19 vaccine mandate for all adults: Evidence from a preregistered survey experiment","authors":"Filip Viskupič, David L. Wiltse","doi":"10.1515/ohe-2023-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ohe-2023-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Following the outbreak of COVID-19, the federal government in the United States required some population groups to be vaccinated. Other countries imposed even more comprehensive vaccination requirements. We conducted a preregistered randomized survey experiment that evaluated whether emphasizing the societal or economic benefits could shift popular support for a COVID-19 vaccine mandate for all adults. The experiment was embedded in a survey conducted in May 2022 on a sample of 1,199 registered voters in South Dakota. Participants were randomly assigned into a control group ( n = 394), communitarian frame group ( n = 403), or economic frame group ( n = 379). Results of difference-of-means tests and multivariate regression analyses showed that neither of the experimental treatments had a statistically significant impact on support for mandatory COVID-19 vaccination. We found that these attitudes were primarily driven by partisan self-identification. Our results underscored the political nature of attitudes toward the COVID-19 pandemic and particularly mandatory COVID-19 vaccination.","PeriodicalId":74349,"journal":{"name":"Open health data","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135604276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract It is difficult to achieve diverse representation within surgical settings, including within the ranks of physician assistants (PAs) despite research indicating that diversity improves patient outcomes and experience and benefits the workplace. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate interventions used to support diversity among surgical PAs. Databases including PubMed (MEDLINE), Web of Science, SCOPUS, CINAHL, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched for publications that described interventions for increasing underrepresented in medicine and gender diversity among surgical PAs. While 20 studies were identified, none met the inclusion criteria. The absence of literature on surgical PAs led to an exploration of research conducted among surgeons, nonsurgical PAs, and PA students. While not directly applicable, results from these studies offered valuable insights into factors that impact diversity as well as strategies that foster diversity. Factors such as gender bias, discrimination, and harassment may contribute to lower numbers of underrepresented groups working in surgery. Efforts to support increased diversity include recruitment, leadership support, and mentorship programs. This systematic review highlights the need for further research to foster diversity among PAs working in surgery. While existing surgical literature offers some contextual insights, future studies on and increased attention toward this topic will improve inclusivity and create a more equitable healthcare system.
尽管研究表明，多样性可以改善患者的治疗结果和体验，并有利于工作场所，但在外科环境中，包括医师助理(PAs)的队伍中，很难实现多样化的代表性。本系统综述的目的是评估用于支持外科PAs多样性的干预措施。检索了PubMed (MEDLINE)、Web of Science、SCOPUS、CINAHL和Cochrane系统评价数据库等数据库，以寻找描述外科PAs中医学代表性不足和性别多样性增加的干预措施的出版物。虽然确定了20项研究，但没有一项符合纳入标准。由于缺乏关于外科PAs的文献，我们对外科医生、非手术PAs和PA学生进行了研究。这些研究的结果虽然不直接适用，但对影响多样性的因素以及促进多样性的策略提供了有价值的见解。性别偏见、歧视和骚扰等因素可能导致在外科工作的未被充分代表的群体数量减少。支持增加多样性的努力包括招聘、领导支持和指导项目。本系统综述强调需要进一步研究以促进外科执业助理的多样性。虽然现有的外科文献提供了一些背景见解，但未来对这一主题的研究和关注将提高包容性，并创造更公平的医疗保健系统。
{"title":"The current status of diversity among physician assistants in surgery: A systematic review","authors":"Erin L. Sherer, Kathryn Reed","doi":"10.1515/ohe-2023-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ohe-2023-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract It is difficult to achieve diverse representation within surgical settings, including within the ranks of physician assistants (PAs) despite research indicating that diversity improves patient outcomes and experience and benefits the workplace. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate interventions used to support diversity among surgical PAs. Databases including PubMed (MEDLINE), Web of Science, SCOPUS, CINAHL, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched for publications that described interventions for increasing underrepresented in medicine and gender diversity among surgical PAs. While 20 studies were identified, none met the inclusion criteria. The absence of literature on surgical PAs led to an exploration of research conducted among surgeons, nonsurgical PAs, and PA students. While not directly applicable, results from these studies offered valuable insights into factors that impact diversity as well as strategies that foster diversity. Factors such as gender bias, discrimination, and harassment may contribute to lower numbers of underrepresented groups working in surgery. Efforts to support increased diversity include recruitment, leadership support, and mentorship programs. This systematic review highlights the need for further research to foster diversity among PAs working in surgery. While existing surgical literature offers some contextual insights, future studies on and increased attention toward this topic will improve inclusivity and create a more equitable healthcare system.","PeriodicalId":74349,"journal":{"name":"Open health data","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134890222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1515/openhe-2022-0028
O. Abu-Hammad, Nebras Althagafi, Shaden Abu-Hammad, R. Eshky, Abdalla Abu-Hammad, Aishah Alhodhodi, Malak Abu-Hammad, N. Dar-Odeh
Abstract Objectives The study aims to construct artificial neural networks that are capable of predicting willingness of previously infected academic dental hospital personnel (ADHP) to accept or recommend vaccines to family or patients. Methods: The study utilized data collected during a cross-sectional survey conducted among COVID-19 infected ADHP. A total of ten variables were used as input variables for the network and analysis was repeated 10 times to calculate variation in accuracy and validity of input variables. Three variables were determined by the best network to be the least important and consequently they were excluded and a new network was constructed using the remaining seven variables. Analysis was repeated 10 times to investigate variation of accuracy of predictions. Results: The best network showed a prediction accuracy that exceeded 90% during testing stage. This network was used to predict attitudes towards vacci-nation for a number of hypothetical subjects. The following factors were identified as predictors for undesirable vaccination attitudes: dental students who had an insufficient vaccine awareness, a long symptomatic period of illness, and who did not practice quarantine. Conclusions: It is concluded that vaccine awareness is the most important factor in predicting favorable vaccine attitudes. Vaccine awareness campaigns that target ADHP should give more attention to students than their faculty.
{"title":"Factors Predicting Acceptance and Recommendation of Covid-19 Vaccines Among Previously Infected Academic Dental Hospital Personnel; An Artificial Intelligence-Based Study","authors":"O. Abu-Hammad, Nebras Althagafi, Shaden Abu-Hammad, R. Eshky, Abdalla Abu-Hammad, Aishah Alhodhodi, Malak Abu-Hammad, N. Dar-Odeh","doi":"10.1515/openhe-2022-0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/openhe-2022-0028","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives The study aims to construct artificial neural networks that are capable of predicting willingness of previously infected academic dental hospital personnel (ADHP) to accept or recommend vaccines to family or patients. Methods: The study utilized data collected during a cross-sectional survey conducted among COVID-19 infected ADHP. A total of ten variables were used as input variables for the network and analysis was repeated 10 times to calculate variation in accuracy and validity of input variables. Three variables were determined by the best network to be the least important and consequently they were excluded and a new network was constructed using the remaining seven variables. Analysis was repeated 10 times to investigate variation of accuracy of predictions. Results: The best network showed a prediction accuracy that exceeded 90% during testing stage. This network was used to predict attitudes towards vacci-nation for a number of hypothetical subjects. The following factors were identified as predictors for undesirable vaccination attitudes: dental students who had an insufficient vaccine awareness, a long symptomatic period of illness, and who did not practice quarantine. Conclusions: It is concluded that vaccine awareness is the most important factor in predicting favorable vaccine attitudes. Vaccine awareness campaigns that target ADHP should give more attention to students than their faculty.","PeriodicalId":74349,"journal":{"name":"Open health data","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75970344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1515/openhe-2022-0010
Md Sakhawat Hossain, Md. Rabiul Islam, Mohammad Touhidul Islam, Romana Islam, Md. Robin Khan, T. Saha, Md. Jamal Hossain, M. Bhuiyan
Abstract Background and Aims: Vaccination is the only way to fight the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The importance of vaccines has already been established in almost every country. However, the acceptance rate entirely depends on socio-demographic characteristics. This research aims to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and opinion about COVID-19 vaccines in Bangladesh. Methods: We conducted this cross-sectional study from March 1 to March 31, 2021 among 704 persons in Bangladesh 18 years and older. We assessed the level of knowledge, attitude, and opinion of the participants about COVID-19 vaccines. Results: About 95% of respondents were aware of COVID- 19 symptoms, and two-thirds of them believed that it is a treatable disease. Among the respondents, COVID-19-related knowledge differed significantly based on the educational level of the respondents. Respondents with a professional risk of getting COVID-19 were more willing to have the COVID-19 test. Awareness about COVID-19 treatment varies by marital status, profession, COVID-19 history, and professional risk of COVID-19 of respondents. Knowledge about the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines depends on the respondent’s education, profession, and family history. Also, the awareness about COVD-19 vaccination in Bangladesh varies by sex, marital status, education, profession, family history, and risk of infection of respondents. Respondents with professional risk and family history of COVID-19 were more willing to be vaccinated. Conclusion: This research reflects the inadequate knowledge about vaccines but a positive attitude and opinion toward vaccination programs in Bangladesh. Thus, the respective authorities can arrange awareness programs related to COVID-19 and its vaccines for the general population.
{"title":"Knowledge, acceptance and perception about COVID-19 vaccines in Bangladesh: Findings from a web-based cross-sectional study","authors":"Md Sakhawat Hossain, Md. Rabiul Islam, Mohammad Touhidul Islam, Romana Islam, Md. Robin Khan, T. Saha, Md. Jamal Hossain, M. Bhuiyan","doi":"10.1515/openhe-2022-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/openhe-2022-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background and Aims: Vaccination is the only way to fight the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The importance of vaccines has already been established in almost every country. However, the acceptance rate entirely depends on socio-demographic characteristics. This research aims to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and opinion about COVID-19 vaccines in Bangladesh. Methods: We conducted this cross-sectional study from March 1 to March 31, 2021 among 704 persons in Bangladesh 18 years and older. We assessed the level of knowledge, attitude, and opinion of the participants about COVID-19 vaccines. Results: About 95% of respondents were aware of COVID- 19 symptoms, and two-thirds of them believed that it is a treatable disease. Among the respondents, COVID-19-related knowledge differed significantly based on the educational level of the respondents. Respondents with a professional risk of getting COVID-19 were more willing to have the COVID-19 test. Awareness about COVID-19 treatment varies by marital status, profession, COVID-19 history, and professional risk of COVID-19 of respondents. Knowledge about the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines depends on the respondent’s education, profession, and family history. Also, the awareness about COVD-19 vaccination in Bangladesh varies by sex, marital status, education, profession, family history, and risk of infection of respondents. Respondents with professional risk and family history of COVID-19 were more willing to be vaccinated. Conclusion: This research reflects the inadequate knowledge about vaccines but a positive attitude and opinion toward vaccination programs in Bangladesh. Thus, the respective authorities can arrange awareness programs related to COVID-19 and its vaccines for the general population.","PeriodicalId":74349,"journal":{"name":"Open health data","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89660315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1515/openhe-2022-0007
T. Osayomi, Richard Adeleke, S. Yaya, Joy Temitope Ayanda, Lawrence Enejeta Akpoterai, Opeyemi Caleb Fatayo
Abstract Clinical evidence shows the incidence of novel coronavirus is associated with pre-existing medical conditions. Thus, people with pre-existing medical conditions are more likely to be infected with COVID-19. In light of this, this paper examined the extent to which pre-existing medical conditions are related to COVID-19 incidence and mortality in Nigeria from a geographical perspective. We used the geographically weighted regression (GWR) to determine the effect and extent to which pre-existing medical conditions affect COVID-19 incidence in Nigeria. Our findings show that besides the remarkable spatial variation in COVID-19 incidence and mortality, obesity was a significant predictor of COVID-19 with its effect strongest in southwest Nigeria and other parts of the country. The conclusion of the paper is that areas with high prevalence of pre-existing medical conditions coincide with areas with high COVID-19 incidence and fatality. We recommended that there should be a spatially explicit intervention on the reduction of exposure to COVID-19 among states with high prevalence of pre-existing medical conditions through vaccination.
{"title":"Do pre-existing medical conditions affect COVID-19 incidence and fatality in Nigeria? A Geographical Perspective","authors":"T. Osayomi, Richard Adeleke, S. Yaya, Joy Temitope Ayanda, Lawrence Enejeta Akpoterai, Opeyemi Caleb Fatayo","doi":"10.1515/openhe-2022-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/openhe-2022-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Clinical evidence shows the incidence of novel coronavirus is associated with pre-existing medical conditions. Thus, people with pre-existing medical conditions are more likely to be infected with COVID-19. In light of this, this paper examined the extent to which pre-existing medical conditions are related to COVID-19 incidence and mortality in Nigeria from a geographical perspective. We used the geographically weighted regression (GWR) to determine the effect and extent to which pre-existing medical conditions affect COVID-19 incidence in Nigeria. Our findings show that besides the remarkable spatial variation in COVID-19 incidence and mortality, obesity was a significant predictor of COVID-19 with its effect strongest in southwest Nigeria and other parts of the country. The conclusion of the paper is that areas with high prevalence of pre-existing medical conditions coincide with areas with high COVID-19 incidence and fatality. We recommended that there should be a spatially explicit intervention on the reduction of exposure to COVID-19 among states with high prevalence of pre-existing medical conditions through vaccination.","PeriodicalId":74349,"journal":{"name":"Open health data","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76035842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1515/openhe-2022-0024
Faiza Khatoon, Nazim Husain, A. Jabeen, Qamar Uddin, Mohd Azahar, Arshad Qureshi, Asif Ahmad Khan
Abstract Background. Psoriasis is a chronic and recurrent inflammatory skin disorder that affects about 125 million people worldwide. Patients with psoriasis are more likely to develop inflammatory arthritis, cardiometabolic disease, and mental health issues. Psoriasis remains incurable and recurrent despite the availability of contemporary treatments. Unani (Greco-Arabic) medicine has its unique concept of psoriasis; numerous treatments and formulations are prescribed by renowned Unani scholars. Objective. This study sought to provide an understanding of psoriasis in conventional medicine, as well as clinically equivalent conditions documented by ancient Unani academics in their writings, such as Rūfas, Jālinūs, Rāzī, Ibn Sīna, Majūsi, Ibn-i Zuhr, Ibn al- Quf, and Ibn-i Hubal Baghdādi. Methods. The Unani classical literature was researched manually and online for this purpose. PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar were utilized to assemble all the classic and contemporary psoriasis disease-related literature. Results. Since antiquity, Unani scholars have advocated ‘Ilāj bi’l Ghiḍhā (diet therapy), ‘Ilāj bi’l- Tadbīr (regimenal therapy), ‘Ilāj bi’l Dawā (drug therapy) to treat disorders clinically comparable to psoriasis. Conclusion. This study provided a comprehensive evaluation of existing psoriasis knowledge, with an emphasis on Unani medicine, which may be valuable for generating integrated hypotheses to treat the psoriasis challenge.
抽象的背景。牛皮癣是一种慢性和复发性炎症性皮肤病，影响着全世界约1.25亿人。牛皮癣患者更有可能发展为炎症性关节炎、心脏代谢疾病和精神健康问题。牛皮癣仍然无法治愈和复发，尽管当代治疗的可用性。乌纳尼(希腊-阿拉伯)医学对牛皮癣有其独特的概念;许多治疗方法和配方都是由著名的乌干达学者开出的。目标。本研究试图提供对传统医学中牛皮癣的理解，以及古代乌纳尼学者在他们的著作中记录的临床同等条件，如Rūfas, Jālinūs, Rāzī， Ibn s na, Majūsi, Ibn-i Zuhr, Ibn al- Quf和Ibn-i Hubal Baghdādi。方法。为了这个目的，乌纳尼的古典文学是手工和在线研究的。利用PubMed、Science Direct和Google Scholar收集所有经典和当代牛皮癣疾病相关文献。结果。自古以来，Unani学者就提倡“Ilāj bi’l Ghiḍhā(饮食疗法)”、“Ilāj bi’l- tadb r(方案疗法)”、“Ilāj bi’l Dawā(药物疗法)”来治疗临床上与牛皮癣类似的疾病。结论。本研究对现有银屑病知识进行了全面评估，重点是Unani药物，这可能对产生治疗银屑病挑战的综合假设有价值。
{"title":"Psoriasis with special reference to Unani medicine – A review","authors":"Faiza Khatoon, Nazim Husain, A. Jabeen, Qamar Uddin, Mohd Azahar, Arshad Qureshi, Asif Ahmad Khan","doi":"10.1515/openhe-2022-0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/openhe-2022-0024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background. Psoriasis is a chronic and recurrent inflammatory skin disorder that affects about 125 million people worldwide. Patients with psoriasis are more likely to develop inflammatory arthritis, cardiometabolic disease, and mental health issues. Psoriasis remains incurable and recurrent despite the availability of contemporary treatments. Unani (Greco-Arabic) medicine has its unique concept of psoriasis; numerous treatments and formulations are prescribed by renowned Unani scholars. Objective. This study sought to provide an understanding of psoriasis in conventional medicine, as well as clinically equivalent conditions documented by ancient Unani academics in their writings, such as Rūfas, Jālinūs, Rāzī, Ibn Sīna, Majūsi, Ibn-i Zuhr, Ibn al- Quf, and Ibn-i Hubal Baghdādi. Methods. The Unani classical literature was researched manually and online for this purpose. PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar were utilized to assemble all the classic and contemporary psoriasis disease-related literature. Results. Since antiquity, Unani scholars have advocated ‘Ilāj bi’l Ghiḍhā (diet therapy), ‘Ilāj bi’l- Tadbīr (regimenal therapy), ‘Ilāj bi’l Dawā (drug therapy) to treat disorders clinically comparable to psoriasis. Conclusion. This study provided a comprehensive evaluation of existing psoriasis knowledge, with an emphasis on Unani medicine, which may be valuable for generating integrated hypotheses to treat the psoriasis challenge.","PeriodicalId":74349,"journal":{"name":"Open health data","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86961536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1515/openhe-2022-0005
Omayyah Dar-Odeh, M. Illa, Samih Abdeljawad, O. Abu-Hammad, Raghad Abdeljawad, Rua'a Abdeljawad, Farhan Alkouz, N. Dar-Odeh
Abstract Background: Ultrasonography is an indispensable tool in obstetric practice. This study aims to assess the ultrasonography-related knowledge, practices, and training aspects of Jordanian Obstetrics/Gynecology (OB/GYN) practitioners. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Jordan between September 2019 and January 2021 among OB/GYN medical practitioners. The study tool was based on a questionnaire composed of 25 closed-ended questions on demographic data and ultrasonography-related knowledge, practices, and training. Results: A total of 197 practitioners participated, and these were mostly female (N=126, 64.0%) and specialist (N=156, 79.2%). Most participants had sufficient knowledge on timing of detailed fetal scans (78.7%), nuchal translucency scans (89.3%) and aneuploidy markers (74%); these participants were mostly female (P=0.000, P= 0.04, respectively). On the other hand, insufficient knowledge was noted on other aspects, including the as-low-as-reasonably-achievable (ALARA) principle (25.9%) and meaning of the terms thermal index (25.4%) and mechanical index (23.9%), with no gender differences found. Only 45.2% of participants attended ultra-sonography workshops in the past 2 years, and the attendees were mainly female (P=0.016). Regression analysis indicated that attending training courses on ultrasonography within past 2 years and routine practice of requesting detailed fetal scans between 18 and 22 weeks were the only significant predictor variables for high knowledge scores (P=0.002 and < 0.001, respectively). Conclusions: Educational courses on ultrasound safety and practices are warranted for OB/GYN practitioners working in Jordan, especially for male practitioners. Revising undergraduate medical curricula and increasing the number of qualified specialists in maternal-fetal medicine may be necessary, particularly in aspects relating to the introduction of advanced ultrasound physics and practice.
{"title":"Ultrasonography Knowledge and Practices among Obstetrics/Gynecology Practitioners; A Nationwide Survey in Jordan","authors":"Omayyah Dar-Odeh, M. Illa, Samih Abdeljawad, O. Abu-Hammad, Raghad Abdeljawad, Rua'a Abdeljawad, Farhan Alkouz, N. Dar-Odeh","doi":"10.1515/openhe-2022-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/openhe-2022-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: Ultrasonography is an indispensable tool in obstetric practice. This study aims to assess the ultrasonography-related knowledge, practices, and training aspects of Jordanian Obstetrics/Gynecology (OB/GYN) practitioners. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Jordan between September 2019 and January 2021 among OB/GYN medical practitioners. The study tool was based on a questionnaire composed of 25 closed-ended questions on demographic data and ultrasonography-related knowledge, practices, and training. Results: A total of 197 practitioners participated, and these were mostly female (N=126, 64.0%) and specialist (N=156, 79.2%). Most participants had sufficient knowledge on timing of detailed fetal scans (78.7%), nuchal translucency scans (89.3%) and aneuploidy markers (74%); these participants were mostly female (P=0.000, P= 0.04, respectively). On the other hand, insufficient knowledge was noted on other aspects, including the as-low-as-reasonably-achievable (ALARA) principle (25.9%) and meaning of the terms thermal index (25.4%) and mechanical index (23.9%), with no gender differences found. Only 45.2% of participants attended ultra-sonography workshops in the past 2 years, and the attendees were mainly female (P=0.016). Regression analysis indicated that attending training courses on ultrasonography within past 2 years and routine practice of requesting detailed fetal scans between 18 and 22 weeks were the only significant predictor variables for high knowledge scores (P=0.002 and < 0.001, respectively). Conclusions: Educational courses on ultrasound safety and practices are warranted for OB/GYN practitioners working in Jordan, especially for male practitioners. Revising undergraduate medical curricula and increasing the number of qualified specialists in maternal-fetal medicine may be necessary, particularly in aspects relating to the introduction of advanced ultrasound physics and practice.","PeriodicalId":74349,"journal":{"name":"Open health data","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86971255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1515/openhe-2022-0006
S. Tan, S. Tan, C. X. Tan
Abstract This study examines the weight trajectory of Malaysian adults and its associated factors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sociodemographic information and anthropometric measurements, including body height (cm) and body weights (kg) before and during the pandemic, were self-reported by the respondents. The current study showed that 47.8% (using absolute weight change status) and 25.5% (using relative weight change status) of the adults gained weight during the COVID-19 pandemic. Adults who were previously underweight or had a normal BMI experienced significantly higher body weight (under-weight: t= -6.176, p< 0.001 and normal: t= -6.193, p< 0.001) and BMI (underweight: t= -6.127, p< 0.001 and normal: t= -5.982, p< 0.001) during the pandemic. No significant associations were observed between socio-demographic characteristics and the weight status of the respondents, except for ethnicity (χ2= 12.858, p= 0.045). The stay-at-home orders appeared to drive up the prevalence of over-weight/obesity, BMI, and absolute and relative weight gain in Malaysian adults. The increase was mainly associated with higher body weight and BMI among those previously underweight or had a normal BMI. Gender, age, marital status, and educational level were not associated with weight trajectory during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings of this study may be useful in formulating weight management strategies in the post-pandemic era.
{"title":"Weight trajectory during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study in Malaysia","authors":"S. Tan, S. Tan, C. X. Tan","doi":"10.1515/openhe-2022-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/openhe-2022-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study examines the weight trajectory of Malaysian adults and its associated factors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sociodemographic information and anthropometric measurements, including body height (cm) and body weights (kg) before and during the pandemic, were self-reported by the respondents. The current study showed that 47.8% (using absolute weight change status) and 25.5% (using relative weight change status) of the adults gained weight during the COVID-19 pandemic. Adults who were previously underweight or had a normal BMI experienced significantly higher body weight (under-weight: t= -6.176, p< 0.001 and normal: t= -6.193, p< 0.001) and BMI (underweight: t= -6.127, p< 0.001 and normal: t= -5.982, p< 0.001) during the pandemic. No significant associations were observed between socio-demographic characteristics and the weight status of the respondents, except for ethnicity (χ2= 12.858, p= 0.045). The stay-at-home orders appeared to drive up the prevalence of over-weight/obesity, BMI, and absolute and relative weight gain in Malaysian adults. The increase was mainly associated with higher body weight and BMI among those previously underweight or had a normal BMI. Gender, age, marital status, and educational level were not associated with weight trajectory during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings of this study may be useful in formulating weight management strategies in the post-pandemic era.","PeriodicalId":74349,"journal":{"name":"Open health data","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85435460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1515/openhe-2022-0002
Sanjida Jannath, Md. Sohan, Md. Ashrafur Rahman, Md. Rabiul Islam
Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic responses forced the authority to shut the educational institutions since March 17, 2020, in Bangladesh. Physical distancing, social isolation, and quarantine have become regular norms in our daily life due to the pandemic crisis. This extended shutdown separated the students from their academic life, increasing anxiety concerning their future education, personal and professional aspirations, and expectations. Such disruptions might increase vulnerability towards suicidal ideation among university-level students. Therefore, here we aim to assess the prevalence and related risk factors of suicides among university students in Bangladesh during the COVID-19 lockdowns. We conducted a comprehensive Google search to gather information from secondary sources. In total, 22 university students committed suicide from March 17, 2020, to June 10, 2021, in Bangladesh. The frequently reported causes of these suicides were depression, frustration, financial crisis, troubled love affairs, and family disputes, indicating an elevated prevalence of psychological distress due to the COVID-19 pandemic among students at all levels in Bangladesh. Based on the present findings, we suggest that the effective implementation of online education, financial support to families, mental healthcare support to this vulnerable group, and mutual understanding among the family members might reduce this death toll. The present findings might help researchers to understand students’ mental health and design programs accordingly to prevent future incidents.
{"title":"Suicides among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic: Bangladeshi press reports","authors":"Sanjida Jannath, Md. Sohan, Md. Ashrafur Rahman, Md. Rabiul Islam","doi":"10.1515/openhe-2022-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/openhe-2022-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic responses forced the authority to shut the educational institutions since March 17, 2020, in Bangladesh. Physical distancing, social isolation, and quarantine have become regular norms in our daily life due to the pandemic crisis. This extended shutdown separated the students from their academic life, increasing anxiety concerning their future education, personal and professional aspirations, and expectations. Such disruptions might increase vulnerability towards suicidal ideation among university-level students. Therefore, here we aim to assess the prevalence and related risk factors of suicides among university students in Bangladesh during the COVID-19 lockdowns. We conducted a comprehensive Google search to gather information from secondary sources. In total, 22 university students committed suicide from March 17, 2020, to June 10, 2021, in Bangladesh. The frequently reported causes of these suicides were depression, frustration, financial crisis, troubled love affairs, and family disputes, indicating an elevated prevalence of psychological distress due to the COVID-19 pandemic among students at all levels in Bangladesh. Based on the present findings, we suggest that the effective implementation of online education, financial support to families, mental healthcare support to this vulnerable group, and mutual understanding among the family members might reduce this death toll. The present findings might help researchers to understand students’ mental health and design programs accordingly to prevent future incidents.","PeriodicalId":74349,"journal":{"name":"Open health data","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74236086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：