Pub Date : 2020-05-27DOI: 10.7764/psykhe.29.1.1226
Jorgelina Di Iorio, Susana Seidmann, Gustavo Javier Rigueiral, Y. Abal
This work is part of an action-research funded by the University of Buenos Aires. Its aims were to investigate the life trajectories and the processes of identity construction in homeless people in the City of Buenos Aires, Argentina, and create a space for participation and collective reflection that facilitates the problematization of both these trajectories and socio-care circuits for homeless people. Using participative qualitative research, this work had three stages: (a) participatory diagnosis, (b) problematization and (c) first intervention. An intentional sample was selected of 10 organizations that were part of the healthcare offer for homeless people, and with a snowball sampling one of 18 homeless adults users of this offer, both men and women, who were in the streets for at least 3 years. Through interviews, focus groups, collective mapping, and the construction of a problem tree, and using grounded theory approach, it was found that interventions are organized according to certain social representations of the street situation, of the people themselves and of what is meant by "addressing the problem”. Based on these results, the limits and challenges of interventions with community-based approaches with homeless people are problematized, as well as relations between the University and the Community in the process of building knowledge.
{"title":"Circuitos Socio-Asistenciales para Población en Situación de Calle en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires: Representaciones Sociales y Prácticas","authors":"Jorgelina Di Iorio, Susana Seidmann, Gustavo Javier Rigueiral, Y. Abal","doi":"10.7764/psykhe.29.1.1226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/psykhe.29.1.1226","url":null,"abstract":"This work is part of an action-research funded by the University of Buenos Aires. Its aims were to investigate the life trajectories and the processes of identity construction in homeless people in the City of Buenos Aires, Argentina, and create a space for participation and collective reflection that facilitates the problematization of both these trajectories and socio-care circuits for homeless people. Using participative qualitative research, this work had three stages: (a) participatory diagnosis, (b) problematization and (c) first intervention. An intentional sample was selected of 10 organizations that were part of the healthcare offer for homeless people, and with a snowball sampling one of 18 homeless adults users of this offer, both men and women, who were in the streets for at least 3 years. Through interviews, focus groups, collective mapping, and the construction of a problem tree, and using grounded theory approach, it was found that interventions are organized according to certain social representations of the street situation, of the people themselves and of what is meant by \"addressing the problem”. Based on these results, the limits and challenges of interventions with community-based approaches with homeless people are problematized, as well as relations between the University and the Community in the process of building knowledge.","PeriodicalId":74611,"journal":{"name":"Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80043490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-26DOI: 10.7764/psykhe.29.1.1579
Héctor Berroeta, L. P. Carvalho
The psychosocial literature in contexts of socio-natural disasters has mainly focused on the study of the psychological consequences for the people affected, paying less attention to psycho-socioenvironmental factors. In this article, we aim to highlight the relevance of community environmental psychology for analyzing both the subjective aspects of people-place relationships and the community relations of the towns hit by disasters. To do this, we present a conceptual framework community psychology and environmental psychology categories which are relevant for studying what we call socio-spatial links in socio-natural disaster situations. This perspective is illustrated by presenting the results of a study carried out with a mixed methodology, which describes how these links emerge in people who have lived in communities affected by earthquakes, a tsunami, and a volcanic eruption in 4 Chilean towns. Responses to the scales of place attachment, place identity, residential satisfaction, sense of community, and civic participation were analyzed in a non-probability (convenience) sample (n = 628), along with reports of 17 focus groups (n = 117) on the constructed meanings of public space. It is concluded that the articulation of environmental and community psychology broadens our understanding of elements of power and dispute in the territory, while also making psychosocial flaws visible in post-disaster reconstruction solutions.
{"title":"La Psicología Ambiental-Comunitaria en el Estudio de los Desastres: La Importancia de los Vínculos Socioespaciales","authors":"Héctor Berroeta, L. P. Carvalho","doi":"10.7764/psykhe.29.1.1579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/psykhe.29.1.1579","url":null,"abstract":"The psychosocial literature in contexts of socio-natural disasters has mainly focused on the study of the psychological consequences for the people affected, paying less attention to psycho-socioenvironmental factors. In this article, we aim to highlight the relevance of community environmental psychology for analyzing both the subjective aspects of people-place relationships and the community relations of the towns hit by disasters. To do this, we present a conceptual framework community psychology and environmental psychology categories which are relevant for studying what we call socio-spatial links in socio-natural disaster situations. This perspective is illustrated by presenting the results of a study carried out with a mixed methodology, which describes how these links emerge in people who have lived in communities affected by earthquakes, a tsunami, and a volcanic eruption in 4 Chilean towns. Responses to the scales of place attachment, place identity, residential satisfaction, sense of community, and civic participation were analyzed in a non-probability (convenience) sample (n = 628), along with reports of 17 focus groups (n = 117) on the constructed meanings of public space. It is concluded that the articulation of environmental and community psychology broadens our understanding of elements of power and dispute in the territory, while also making psychosocial flaws visible in post-disaster reconstruction solutions.","PeriodicalId":74611,"journal":{"name":"Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74715731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-26DOI: 10.7764/psykhe.29.1.1225
María Malena Lenta, Graciela Zaldúa
A multiple-case study is presented, comprising typical cases of rights violations where each of the 16 child and adolescent participants constituted a case. Adopting a social community psychology approach, the authors analyzed the meanings that children and adolescents living in territories marked by psychosocial vulnerability construct with respect to their everyday life and their access to rights. A descriptive-exploratory study of a qualitative nature was conducted. Life stories, focus groups, and naturalistic observation were implemented. A biographical strategy was adopted to analyze the information collected. Results were organized according to three dimensions of biographical narratives: sociohistorical reality, linked to socioeconomic education; psychic reality, focused on the participants’ being and doing dimensions; and discursive reality, as an instance of retrospective and prospective analysis of the connection with others. The cases presented called into question the effectiveness of social policies aimed at restoring people’s rights. The participants’ life trajectories revealed micro- and macro-political obstacles to accessing rights, a situation that supports the social reproduction of inequalities and has de-subjectivizing effects. Situations that guarantee identity grounding and rights enforceability promote individual and collective subjectivizing processes in the actors involved and pose new challenges in the construction of one’s life project.
{"title":"Vulnerabilidad y Exigibilidad de Derechos: la Perspectiva de Niños, Niñas y Adolescentes","authors":"María Malena Lenta, Graciela Zaldúa","doi":"10.7764/psykhe.29.1.1225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/psykhe.29.1.1225","url":null,"abstract":"A multiple-case study is presented, comprising typical cases of rights violations where each of the 16 child and adolescent participants constituted a case. Adopting a social community psychology approach, the authors analyzed the meanings that children and adolescents living in territories marked by psychosocial vulnerability construct with respect to their everyday life and their access to rights. A descriptive-exploratory study of a qualitative nature was conducted. Life stories, focus groups, and naturalistic observation were implemented. A biographical strategy was adopted to analyze the information collected. Results were organized according to three dimensions of biographical narratives: sociohistorical reality, linked to socioeconomic education; psychic reality, focused on the participants’ being and doing dimensions; and discursive reality, as an instance of retrospective and prospective analysis of the connection with others. The cases presented called into question the effectiveness of social policies aimed at restoring people’s rights. The participants’ life trajectories revealed micro- and macro-political obstacles to accessing rights, a situation that supports the social reproduction of inequalities and has de-subjectivizing effects. Situations that guarantee identity grounding and rights enforceability promote individual and collective subjectivizing processes in the actors involved and pose new challenges in the construction of one’s life project.","PeriodicalId":74611,"journal":{"name":"Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89287805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-26DOI: 10.7764/psykhe.29.1.1224
Gino Grondona-Opazo, Marcelo Rodríguez-Mancilla
The aim of this study was to analyze the meanings and assessments of ethics and politics articulated in the fields of academic training and professional praxis by students, teachers, professionals, and beneficiaries of community projects in Ecuador. This was done to enrich the debate being conducted by the Latin American Network of Training in Community Psychology (CP) regarding the limited presence, relevance, and development of the ethical and political dimensions in CP training programs and their impact on professional practice. This exploratory mixed methods study comprised the administration of semi-structured interviews to 5 teachers and 5 psychologists working in community projects along with the establishment of 2 focus groups in which 15 students took part and 5 focus groups in which 29 beneficiaries of community projects participated. In addition, the presence of the ethical and political dimensions in 25 curricula of 2 Ecuadorian universities was analyzed. A complementary analysis revealed that, both in the training process and in professional practice, teachers, students, professionals, and beneficiaries express nuclei of meanings and ethical and political assessments consistent with the foundations of CP, but they remain limited in terms of development and practical implementation, due to the insufficient degree of reflection on the subject and the immature state of the discipline in Ecuador. Therefore, the main challenge is to work on constructing the deontological dimension within CP, which should manifest itself through codes and guides to facilitate and orient both training processes and professional practice.
{"title":"Dimensión Ética y Política en la Psicología Comunitaria: Análisis de la Formación Académica y la Praxis Profesional en Ecuador","authors":"Gino Grondona-Opazo, Marcelo Rodríguez-Mancilla","doi":"10.7764/psykhe.29.1.1224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/psykhe.29.1.1224","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to analyze the meanings and assessments of ethics and politics articulated in the fields of academic training and professional praxis by students, teachers, professionals, and beneficiaries of community projects in Ecuador. This was done to enrich the debate being conducted by the Latin American Network of Training in Community Psychology (CP) regarding the limited presence, relevance, and development of the ethical and political dimensions in CP training programs and their impact on professional practice. This exploratory mixed methods study comprised the administration of semi-structured interviews to 5 teachers and 5 psychologists working in community projects along with the establishment of 2 focus groups in which 15 students took part and 5 focus groups in which 29 beneficiaries of community projects participated. In addition, the presence of the ethical and political dimensions in 25 curricula of 2 Ecuadorian universities was analyzed. A complementary analysis revealed that, both in the training process and in professional practice, teachers, students, professionals, and beneficiaries express nuclei of meanings and ethical and political assessments consistent with the foundations of CP, but they remain limited in terms of development and practical implementation, due to the insufficient degree of reflection on the subject and the immature state of the discipline in Ecuador. Therefore, the main challenge is to work on constructing the deontological dimension within CP, which should manifest itself through codes and guides to facilitate and orient both training processes and professional practice.","PeriodicalId":74611,"journal":{"name":"Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile","volume":"153 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75196364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-26DOI: 10.7764/psykhe.29.1.1228
A. Ferreyra, S. López
The available literature presents the need to improve the training of community psychologists in order to understand and take action on the complexity of current social settings. However, there are knowledge gaps regarding how to train community social psychology (CSP) practitioners. This article postulates that integrality, as a political-strategic orientation of the Universidad de la Republica in Uruguay, creates suitable conditions to meet these requirements. Based on the notion of integral training spaces (EFI- espacios de formacion integral) as pedagogical devices aimed at implementing this approach and examining a specific case (EFI In-Ter-Accion Colectiva), the authors reflect on the components of these spaces and the dynamics that they acquire. It is proposed that complex pedagogical devices are needed, which must consider multiple dimensions of the training process: the theory-practice articulation, interdisciplinarity, knowledge co-production, the articulation of research in the intervention processes, and a consistent pedagogical proposal. It is concluded that it is necessary to address the increasing commodification of university education nowadays, acknowledging that the requirements of CSP training are situated in specific institutional contexts that condition the discipline.
现有文献表明，需要改进社区心理学家的培训，以便了解当前社会环境的复杂性并采取行动。然而，在如何培训社区社会心理学(CSP)从业者方面存在知识空白。本文假定，作为乌拉圭共和国大学的一项政治-战略方针，诚信为满足这些要求创造了适当的条件。基于积分训练空间(EFI- espacios de formion integral)的概念，作为旨在实施这种方法的教学设备，并检查一个具体的案例(EFI in - ter - action collective)，作者反思了这些空间的组成部分和他们获得的动态。提出需要复杂的教学手段，必须考虑培训过程的多个维度:理论与实践的衔接，跨学科性，知识的共同生产，干预过程中研究的衔接，以及一致的教学建议。结论是，有必要解决当今大学教育日益商品化的问题，承认CSP培训的要求位于特定的制度背景下，这些背景制约了该学科。
{"title":"Psicología Comunitaria e Integralidad: Una Alianza Necesaria para la Formación, la Producción de Conocimientos y la Acción Transformadora","authors":"A. Ferreyra, S. López","doi":"10.7764/psykhe.29.1.1228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/psykhe.29.1.1228","url":null,"abstract":"The available literature presents the need to improve the training of community psychologists in order to understand and take action on the complexity of current social settings. However, there are knowledge gaps regarding how to train community social psychology (CSP) practitioners. This article postulates that integrality, as a political-strategic orientation of the Universidad de la Republica in Uruguay, creates suitable conditions to meet these requirements. Based on the notion of integral training spaces (EFI- espacios de formacion integral) as pedagogical devices aimed at implementing this approach and examining a specific case (EFI In-Ter-Accion Colectiva), the authors reflect on the components of these spaces and the dynamics that they acquire. It is proposed that complex pedagogical devices are needed, which must consider multiple dimensions of the training process: the theory-practice articulation, interdisciplinarity, knowledge co-production, the articulation of research in the intervention processes, and a consistent pedagogical proposal. It is concluded that it is necessary to address the increasing commodification of university education nowadays, acknowledging that the requirements of CSP training are situated in specific institutional contexts that condition the discipline.","PeriodicalId":74611,"journal":{"name":"Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85594556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-22DOI: 10.7764/psykhe.29.1.1817
Héctor Berroeta, A. Ferreyra
{"title":"Introducción Psicología Comunitaria: Grupos Vulnerados, Desastres Socionaturales y Propuestas para la Formación","authors":"Héctor Berroeta, A. Ferreyra","doi":"10.7764/psykhe.29.1.1817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/psykhe.29.1.1817","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74611,"journal":{"name":"Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86766071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-15DOI: 10.7764/PSYKHE.29.1.1399
Adriana Mora-Antó, Luisa Matilde Salamanca-Duque, Leonor Córdoba-Andrade, L. E. Gómez-Sánchez
The discussion about the validity of the factor structure of the dimensions that constitute the quality of life (QOL) construct in the field of intellectual disability has highlighted the need to conduct new studies. The aim of this study was to analyze the dimensional structure of the KidsLife Scale, designed upon the basis of the 8-factor QOL model advanced by Schalock and Verdugo Alonso (2007). Using a convenience sample, the scale was administered to the caregivers of 220 people receiving support in specialized institutions. These caregivers' wards were between 4 and 21 years old, had been diagnosed with intellectual disability, and resided in 3 cities in Colombia. The study, of an instrumental nature, was conducted using structural equation modeling, confirmatory factor analysis, construct reliability analysis, average variance extracted, and multiple correlations R2. Working hypotheses based on 5 different models were analyzed. The model composed of 8 interrelated dimensions displayed factor loadings ranging from 0,63 to 0,95, multiple correlations between 0,24 and 0,81, a general reliability value of 0,979, and an average variance extracted greater than 50%, without any second-order dimensions being identified. It is concluded that the proposed KidsLife Scale model positively reports the QOL of people with intellectual disabilities in 3 Colombian cities. New studies are needed to identify the possible existence of second-order factors.
{"title":"Estructura Dimensional de la Escala KidsLife, versión Colombia, para la Evaluación de Calidad de Vida en Discapacidad Intelectual","authors":"Adriana Mora-Antó, Luisa Matilde Salamanca-Duque, Leonor Córdoba-Andrade, L. E. Gómez-Sánchez","doi":"10.7764/PSYKHE.29.1.1399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/PSYKHE.29.1.1399","url":null,"abstract":"The discussion about the validity of the factor structure of the dimensions that constitute the quality of life (QOL) construct in the field of intellectual disability has highlighted the need to conduct new studies. The aim of this study was to analyze the dimensional structure of the KidsLife Scale, designed upon the basis of the 8-factor QOL model advanced by Schalock and Verdugo Alonso (2007). Using a convenience sample, the scale was administered to the caregivers of 220 people receiving support in specialized institutions. These caregivers' wards were between 4 and 21 years old, had been diagnosed with intellectual disability, and resided in 3 cities in Colombia. The study, of an instrumental nature, was conducted using structural equation modeling, confirmatory factor analysis, construct reliability analysis, average variance extracted, and multiple correlations R2. Working hypotheses based on 5 different models were analyzed. The model composed of 8 interrelated dimensions displayed factor loadings ranging from 0,63 to 0,95, multiple correlations between 0,24 and 0,81, a general reliability value of 0,979, and an average variance extracted greater than 50%, without any second-order dimensions being identified. It is concluded that the proposed KidsLife Scale model positively reports the QOL of people with intellectual disabilities in 3 Colombian cities. New studies are needed to identify the possible existence of second-order factors.","PeriodicalId":74611,"journal":{"name":"Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76479175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-02DOI: 10.7764/PSYKHE.29.1.1444
María Ignacia Galarce, C. Pérez-Salas, D. Sirlopú
La participación escolar es importante, ya que impacta en el bienestar de todos los estudiantes. En el caso de los estudiantes en situación de discapacidad, el apoyo y la inclusión de docentes y compañeros en las clases regulares se asocian con niveles más altos de bienestar subjetivo. El objetivo de esta investigación fue comparar los niveles de participación escolar y de bienestar subjetivo de una muestra por conveniencia de colegios particulares-subvencionados y municipales de 5 comunas en 2 regiones de Chile que contaban con un Programa de Integración Escolar. La muestra final estuvo compuesta por 120 escolares (50 con alguna discapacidad motora, visual o auditiva y 70 de ellos sin discapacidad) entre 14 y 19 años (M = 16,25, DE = 1,65 años). Los escolares fueron evaluados con las escalas de participación escolar (John-Akinola & Nic-Gabhainn, 2014); satisfacción vital multidimensional para estudiantes (Huebner, 2001) y afecto positivo y negativo para niños y adolescentes (Watson, Clark & Tellegen, 1988). Se presentan estadísticas descriptivas, correlaciones y comparación de medias entre los distintos grupos según situación de discapacidad. Los resultados indican una relación directa entre la participación escolar y el bienestar subjetivo de todos los estudiantes evaluados. No se detectaron diferencias en la participación escolar de estudiantes con y sin discapacidades, pero sí en el bienestar subjetivo, específicamente menores niveles de satisfacción con el sí mismo, con la familia y con los amigos en los estudiantes con discapacidad y mayor afectividad negativa en los estudiantes con trastorno motor versus discapacidad visual y auditiva
学校参与很重要，因为它影响所有学生的福祉。在残疾学生的情况下，教师和同龄人在常规课堂上的支持和包容与更高水平的主观幸福感有关。本研究的目的是比较智利2个地区5个市镇的私立资助学校和市立学校的便利样本的学校参与水平和主观幸福感，这些学校有一个学校整合计划。最后的样本包括120名14 - 19岁的学生(50名有运动、视觉或听觉障碍，70名没有残疾)(M = 16.25, de = 1.65)。采用学校参与量表对学生进行评估(John-Akinola & Nic-Gabhainn, 2014);学生的多维生活满意度(Huebner, 2001)和儿童和青少年的积极和消极情感(Watson, Clark & Tellegen, 1988)。根据残疾情况，提出了描述性统计、相关性和不同组间平均值的比较。本研究的目的是评估学生在学校参与和主观幸福感之间的关系。未发现任何差异和无残疾学生的学校参与,但主观福祉水平以下,特别满意自己、家庭和残疾朋友在学生和最大灵敏度负面引擎与视力和听力障碍的学生
{"title":"Análisis Comparativo de la Participación Escolar y Bienestar Subjetivo en Estudiantes con y sin Discapacidad en Chile","authors":"María Ignacia Galarce, C. Pérez-Salas, D. Sirlopú","doi":"10.7764/PSYKHE.29.1.1444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/PSYKHE.29.1.1444","url":null,"abstract":"La participación escolar es importante, ya que impacta en el bienestar de todos los estudiantes. En el caso de los estudiantes en situación de discapacidad, el apoyo y la inclusión de docentes y compañeros en las clases regulares se asocian con niveles más altos de bienestar subjetivo. El objetivo de esta investigación fue comparar los niveles de participación escolar y de bienestar subjetivo de una muestra por conveniencia de colegios particulares-subvencionados y municipales de 5 comunas en 2 regiones de Chile que contaban con un Programa de Integración Escolar. La muestra final estuvo compuesta por 120 escolares (50 con alguna discapacidad motora, visual o auditiva y 70 de ellos sin discapacidad) entre 14 y 19 años (M = 16,25, DE = 1,65 años). Los escolares fueron evaluados con las escalas de participación escolar (John-Akinola & Nic-Gabhainn, 2014); satisfacción vital multidimensional para estudiantes (Huebner, 2001) y afecto positivo y negativo para niños y adolescentes (Watson, Clark & Tellegen, 1988). Se presentan estadísticas descriptivas, correlaciones y comparación de medias entre los distintos grupos según situación de discapacidad. Los resultados indican una relación directa entre la participación escolar y el bienestar subjetivo de todos los estudiantes evaluados. No se detectaron diferencias en la participación escolar de estudiantes con y sin discapacidades, pero sí en el bienestar subjetivo, específicamente menores niveles de satisfacción con el sí mismo, con la familia y con los amigos en los estudiantes con discapacidad y mayor afectividad negativa en los estudiantes con trastorno motor versus discapacidad visual y auditiva","PeriodicalId":74611,"journal":{"name":"Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86772012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-30DOI: 10.7764/PSYKHE.29.1.1262
Solana Salessi, A. Omar
This article presents the results of the validation of the Work Passion Scale developed by Vallerand et al. (2003). To determine the construct validity and the psychometric properties of the scale, a convenience multi-occupational sample of 452 Argentinean workers (56% women, average age = 35.56 years [SD = 10.84], average seniority = 8.82 years [SD = 9.10]) was used. Factor analyses revealed a structure composed of 2 correlated latent factors, comprising 14 items as observable indicators (S-Bχ2/gl = 1.85, GFI = 0.90, CFI = 0.94, RMSEA = 0.04), with adequate reliability according to the ordinal alpha coefficient and the composite reliability coefficient (harmonious passion: α = 0.79, CR = 0.80; obsessive passion: α = 0.80, CR = 0.81). Evidence of concurrent validity was obtained from direct correlations, calculated using Spearman’s rho, between the scales of passion for work, flow, job involvement, and job satisfaction. According to the R2 coefficient, the predictive and incremental validity of passion as an explanation of job satisfaction surpassed the impact of flow and job involvement. The configural and measurement invariance of the scale across gender was demonstrated using the χ2 difference test. The results obtained prove the reliability and validity of this instrument to measure passion for work in a group of Argentinean workers.
{"title":"Pasión por el Trabajo: Un Estudio Instrumental con Trabajadores Argentinos","authors":"Solana Salessi, A. Omar","doi":"10.7764/PSYKHE.29.1.1262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/PSYKHE.29.1.1262","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the results of the validation of the Work Passion Scale developed by Vallerand et al. (2003). To determine the construct validity and the psychometric properties of the scale, a convenience multi-occupational sample of 452 Argentinean workers (56% women, average age = 35.56 years [SD = 10.84], average seniority = 8.82 years [SD = 9.10]) was used. Factor analyses revealed a structure composed of 2 correlated latent factors, comprising 14 items as observable indicators (S-Bχ2/gl = 1.85, GFI = 0.90, CFI = 0.94, RMSEA = 0.04), with adequate reliability according to the ordinal alpha coefficient and the composite reliability coefficient (harmonious passion: α = 0.79, CR = 0.80; obsessive passion: α = 0.80, CR = 0.81). Evidence of concurrent validity was obtained from direct correlations, calculated using Spearman’s rho, between the scales of passion for work, flow, job involvement, and job satisfaction. According to the R2 coefficient, the predictive and incremental validity of passion as an explanation of job satisfaction surpassed the impact of flow and job involvement. The configural and measurement invariance of the scale across gender was demonstrated using the χ2 difference test. The results obtained prove the reliability and validity of this instrument to measure passion for work in a group of Argentinean workers.","PeriodicalId":74611,"journal":{"name":"Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83161901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-10DOI: 10.7764/PSYKHE.29.1.1524
Ana Yngrid Díaz-Pichardo, Luis Eduardo Sandoval Garrido, C. Torres, T. Parrón-Carreño
A large proportion of couples experience infidelity issues, which substantially impact the quality of life of its members, their families, and society. Although numerous studies have found a positive association between insecure attachment and infidelity, less is known about the variables that may mediate this link. In this context, the objective of this study was to clarify the association between adult attachment and sexual infidelity, considering 3 possible mediators: participants’ satisfaction with their couple relationships and their perception of the positive and negative consequences of infidelity. A convenience sample of 403 university students was obtained at a public university in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. Participants’ age ranged from 18 to 69 years (M = 28.05, SD = 8.69). Adult attachment was measured with the Experiences in Close Relationships instrument, relationship satisfaction with the Couples Satisfaction Index, and sexual infidelity and the positive and negative consequences of infidelity with the Multidimensional Inventory of Infidelity. Results indicated that both avoidant and anxious attachment were positively correlated with sexual infidelity and that this association was largely mediated –according to a path analysis model with bootstrapping– by relationship satisfaction and a positive perception of the consequences of infidelity. These results are examined upon the basis of attachment theory. Lastly, future lines of research are proposed.
{"title":"Del Apego Adulto a la Infidelidad Sexual: Un Análisis de Mediación Múltiple","authors":"Ana Yngrid Díaz-Pichardo, Luis Eduardo Sandoval Garrido, C. Torres, T. Parrón-Carreño","doi":"10.7764/PSYKHE.29.1.1524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/PSYKHE.29.1.1524","url":null,"abstract":"A large proportion of couples experience infidelity issues, which substantially impact the quality of life of its members, their families, and society. Although numerous studies have found a positive association between insecure attachment and infidelity, less is known about the variables that may mediate this link. In this context, the objective of this study was to clarify the association between adult attachment and sexual infidelity, considering 3 possible mediators: participants’ satisfaction with their couple relationships and their perception of the positive and negative consequences of infidelity. A convenience sample of 403 university students was obtained at a public university in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. Participants’ age ranged from 18 to 69 years (M = 28.05, SD = 8.69). Adult attachment was measured with the Experiences in Close Relationships instrument, relationship satisfaction with the Couples Satisfaction Index, and sexual infidelity and the positive and negative consequences of infidelity with the Multidimensional Inventory of Infidelity. Results indicated that both avoidant and anxious attachment were positively correlated with sexual infidelity and that this association was largely mediated –according to a path analysis model with bootstrapping– by relationship satisfaction and a positive perception of the consequences of infidelity. These results are examined upon the basis of attachment theory. Lastly, future lines of research are proposed.","PeriodicalId":74611,"journal":{"name":"Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile","volume":"59 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90582961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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