首页 > 最新文献

Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile最新文献

英文 中文
Adaptación y Validación en Español de la Self-Concealment Scale 西班牙语自我封闭量表的适应和验证
Catalina Letelier, Paula Errázuriz
Se presenta la adaptacion al espanol y validacion en una muestra chilena por conveniencia de la Escala de Auto-Ocultamiento (Self-Concealment Scale) de Larson y Chastain (1990). Participaron 193 adultos (100 hombres y 93 mujeres), con una edad media de 28,39 anos ( DE = 8,75), distribuidos en 3 grupos de la Region Metropolitana: 53 estudiantes universitarios, 64 estudiantes de un instituto de capacitacion y 76 profesionales y dirigentes de una fundacion sin fines de lucro. Para examinar la validez de la version en espanol, se realizo un analisis factorial confirmatorio. Los resultados permiten inferir que la version en espanol tiene propiedades psicometricas satisfactorias, presentando una alta consistencia interna (α = 0,85) y una aceptable estabilidad a traves del tiempo ( r = 0,74). Al igual que la escala original, la version en espanol validada resulto ser unidimensional y las puntuaciones de la escala se correlacionaron directamente con sintomatologia depresiva y ansiosa, medida a traves del Outcome Questionnaire 30.2 (OQ 30.2). Estos hallazgos avalan el uso de la version en espanol de la EAO en poblacion de habla hispana.
本研究的目的是评估西班牙语的适应和验证,以方便Larson和Chastain(1990)的自我隐藏量表。193个成年人(大约100人参加了93名妇女),中世纪古稀28,39(= 8.75),分布在3个首都地区的一家研究所的64:53大学生、学生和专业培训和76领导人一个非营利基金会。为了检验西班牙语版本的有效性,进行了验证性因素分析。本研究的目的是评估西班牙语版本的心理测量学特性,并评估其对西班牙语版本的影响。本研究的目的是评估西班牙语版本的心理测量学特性,并评估西班牙语版本的心理测量学特性。与原始量表一样,验证的西班牙语版本是一维的,量表得分与抑郁和焦虑症状直接相关,通过结果问卷30.2 (OQ 30.2)测量。这些发现支持了西班牙语人口使用EAO的西班牙语版本。
{"title":"Adaptación y Validación en Español de la Self-Concealment Scale","authors":"Catalina Letelier, Paula Errázuriz","doi":"10.7764/PSYKHE.29.2.1220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/PSYKHE.29.2.1220","url":null,"abstract":"Se presenta la adaptacion al espanol y validacion en una muestra chilena por conveniencia de la Escala de Auto-Ocultamiento (Self-Concealment Scale) de Larson y Chastain (1990). Participaron 193 adultos (100 hombres y 93 mujeres), con una edad media de 28,39 anos ( DE = 8,75), distribuidos en 3 grupos de la Region Metropolitana: 53 estudiantes universitarios, 64 estudiantes de un instituto de capacitacion y 76 profesionales y dirigentes de una fundacion sin fines de lucro. Para examinar la validez de la version en espanol, se realizo un analisis factorial confirmatorio. Los resultados permiten inferir que la version en espanol tiene propiedades psicometricas satisfactorias, presentando una alta consistencia interna (α = 0,85) y una aceptable estabilidad a traves del tiempo ( r = 0,74). Al igual que la escala original, la version en espanol validada resulto ser unidimensional y las puntuaciones de la escala se correlacionaron directamente con sintomatologia depresiva y ansiosa, medida a traves del Outcome Questionnaire 30.2 (OQ 30.2). Estos hallazgos avalan el uso de la version en espanol de la EAO en poblacion de habla hispana.","PeriodicalId":74611,"journal":{"name":"Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90098986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Una Exploración de las Propiedades Espaciales Desde la Lógica de los Programas de Estímulo 从刺激计划的逻辑出发对空间属性的探索
F. Espinosa, V. Becerra, Mauricio Ortega González, Carlos de Jesús Torres Ceja, Carlos Javier Flores Aguirre
The aim of this paper was to explore the effect of varying the spatial distance between the liquid dispenser and the light-lever set on spatial location and response rate in rats. Based on the logic of temporally defined schedules, an experiment was designed in which a spatial property of the stimuli (distance) was manipulated while the temporal properties remained relatively stable. Group 1 was exposed to 3 phases in which the distance between the liquid dispenser and the light-lever set increased. Group 2 was exposed to similar conditions, but the spatial distance decreased as the phases progressed. T cycle length was 30 s and the probability of reinforcement was 1. The reinforcer (water) was delivered at the end of the cycle. The subjects were 8 female Wistar rats. Extended conditioning chambers were used in which the stimulation devices could be placed in different locations. Results showed that rats stayed longer in the zone near the liquid dispenser even after it changed location. Also, the response rate showed low levels for all rats throughout the experiment; however, this was a function of spatial contiguity. Wilcoxon and Mann–Whitney U non-parametric tests were used in the statistical analysis. Some spatial properties such as cardinal location or geographic distribution are proposed, which could be studied parametrically and integrated into stimulus schedules.
本实验旨在探讨液体分配器与光杆之间空间距离的变化对大鼠空间定位和反应率的影响。基于时间定义时间表的逻辑,设计了一个实验,在时间属性保持相对稳定的情况下,操纵刺激的空间属性(距离)。第1组暴露于3个阶段,每个阶段液体分配器与光杆组之间的距离增加。第二组暴露于相似的条件下,但空间距离随着阶段的进展而减小。T周期长度为30 s,加固概率为1。强化剂(水)在循环结束时输送。实验对象为8只雌性Wistar大鼠。使用扩展的调节室,其中刺激装置可以放置在不同的位置。结果表明,即使液体分配器改变了位置,大鼠在液体分配器附近的区域停留的时间也更长。此外,在整个实验过程中,所有大鼠的反应率都很低;然而,这是一个空间连续性的函数。统计分析采用Wilcoxon和Mann-Whitney U非参数检验。提出了一些空间属性,如基本位置或地理分布,可以进行参数化研究并整合到刺激计划中。
{"title":"Una Exploración de las Propiedades Espaciales Desde la Lógica de los Programas de Estímulo","authors":"F. Espinosa, V. Becerra, Mauricio Ortega González, Carlos de Jesús Torres Ceja, Carlos Javier Flores Aguirre","doi":"10.7764/psykhe.29.2.1548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/psykhe.29.2.1548","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper was to explore the effect of varying the spatial distance between the liquid dispenser and the light-lever set on spatial location and response rate in rats. Based on the logic of temporally defined schedules, an experiment was designed in which a spatial property of the stimuli (distance) was manipulated while the temporal properties remained relatively stable. Group 1 was exposed to 3 phases in which the distance between the liquid dispenser and the light-lever set increased. Group 2 was exposed to similar conditions, but the spatial distance decreased as the phases progressed. T cycle length was 30 s and the probability of reinforcement was 1. The reinforcer (water) was delivered at the end of the cycle. The subjects were 8 female Wistar rats. Extended conditioning chambers were used in which the stimulation devices could be placed in different locations. Results showed that rats stayed longer in the zone near the liquid dispenser even after it changed location. Also, the response rate showed low levels for all rats throughout the experiment; however, this was a function of spatial contiguity. Wilcoxon and Mann–Whitney U non-parametric tests were used in the statistical analysis. Some spatial properties such as cardinal location or geographic distribution are proposed, which could be studied parametrically and integrated into stimulus schedules.","PeriodicalId":74611,"journal":{"name":"Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78405978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Identificación de las Creencias de los Investigadores en Psicología Relacionadas a la Publicación de Replicaciones 确定心理学研究人员与复制发表相关的信念
Claudio Bustos Navarrete, Natalia Zañartu Canihuante, P. Lagos, A. D. Mujica
Las recomendaciones para solucionar la crisis de la replicabilidad en psicología han destacado el rol de las replicaciones, pero no se cuenta con información sobre los factores psicosociales que determinan su publicación. Usando como referencia la Teoría de la Conducta Planificada, el objetivo de la investigación fue comprender las creencias conductuales, normativas y de control relacionadas con la publicación de estudios de replicación directa, replicación conceptual y adaptación de instrumentos, en investigadores en psicología de Hispanoamérica y España. Se utilizó muestreo estratificado con afijación proporcional al tamaño de cada país, respondiendo 74 personas (tasa de respuesta = 12,2%), 58,1% de ellas mujeres, con una edad promedio de 43,45 años (DE = 9,78). Con un diseño de encuesta, se aplicó en línea el cuestionario Identificación de Creencias Relacionadas con la Publicación de Replicaciones, de respuesta abierta, asignándose aleatoriamente el tipo de replicación a contestar. El análisis de los datos se realizó mediante análisis temático. Los investigadores consideran que la publicación de los tres tipos de replicaciones es positiva para la ciencia. Sin embargo, las replicaciones conceptuales y directas son rechazadas por los editores de revistas y fuentes de financiamiento, no así la adaptación de instrumentos. Se destacan las tensiones metodológicas y epistemológicas producto de la adaptación de procedimientos e instrumentos provenientes de otras culturas.
关于解决心理学中可复制性危机的建议强调了复制的作用,但没有关于决定其发表的心理社会因素的信息。本研究以计划行为理论为参考,旨在了解拉丁美洲和西班牙心理学研究人员与直接复制、概念复制和工具适应研究相关的行为、规范和控制信念。采用与国家规模成比例的分层抽样,回答74人(回复率= 12.2%),其中58.1%为女性,平均年龄43.45岁(de = 9.78)。本研究的目的是评估在墨西哥国立自治大学(unam)进行的一项研究,该研究的目的是评估在墨西哥国立自治大学(unam)进行的一项研究的结果。通过数据分析进行了专题分析。研究人员认为,发表这三种类型的复制对科学是积极的。然而,期刊编辑和资金来源拒绝概念性和直接的复制,而不接受工具的改编。本研究的目的是分析在不同文化背景下的研究过程,并分析在不同文化背景下的研究过程。
{"title":"Identificación de las Creencias de los Investigadores en Psicología Relacionadas a la Publicación de Replicaciones","authors":"Claudio Bustos Navarrete, Natalia Zañartu Canihuante, P. Lagos, A. D. Mujica","doi":"10.7764/PSYKHE.29.2.1498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/PSYKHE.29.2.1498","url":null,"abstract":"Las recomendaciones para solucionar la crisis de la replicabilidad en psicología han destacado el rol de las replicaciones, pero no se cuenta con información sobre los factores psicosociales que determinan su publicación. Usando como referencia la Teoría de la Conducta Planificada, el objetivo de la investigación fue comprender las creencias conductuales, normativas y de control relacionadas con la publicación de estudios de replicación directa, replicación conceptual y adaptación de instrumentos, en investigadores en psicología de Hispanoamérica y España. Se utilizó muestreo estratificado con afijación proporcional al tamaño de cada país, respondiendo 74 personas (tasa de respuesta = 12,2%), 58,1% de ellas mujeres, con una edad promedio de 43,45 años (DE = 9,78). Con un diseño de encuesta, se aplicó en línea el cuestionario Identificación de Creencias Relacionadas con la Publicación de Replicaciones, de respuesta abierta, asignándose aleatoriamente el tipo de replicación a contestar. El análisis de los datos se realizó mediante análisis temático. Los investigadores consideran que la publicación de los tres tipos de replicaciones es positiva para la ciencia. Sin embargo, las replicaciones conceptuales y directas son rechazadas por los editores de revistas y fuentes de financiamiento, no así la adaptación de instrumentos. Se destacan las tensiones metodológicas y epistemológicas producto de la adaptación de procedimientos e instrumentos provenientes de otras culturas.","PeriodicalId":74611,"journal":{"name":"Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85881053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Trayectorias Laborales de Mujeres y Violencia en el Trabajo: Una Cuestión de Género 妇女的工作轨迹与工作中的暴力:性别问题
R. Undurraga, Natalia López Hornickel
El reconocimiento de la violencia en el trabajo ha aumentado en los últimos años (Cruz & Klinger, 2011). Recientemente en Chile, se ha comenzado a visibilizar la violencia de género en el trabajo (Díaz, Mauro, Ansoleaga & Toro, 2017). En esta línea, este estudio relaciona las trayectorias laborales de mujeres chilenas con la violencia de género en el trabajo. Es un estudio cualitativo que utiliza entrevistas semiestructuradas y biogramas para analizar las trayectorias laborales de mujeres profesionales y no-profesionales, residentes en Santiago de Chile. La muestra por conveniencia consta de 7 mujeres (24-62 años) que reportaron eventos de violencia laboral como hitos fundamentales en sus trayectorias. Se identificaron 3 tipos de violencia de género en el trabajo: (a) trato condescendiente, (b) discriminación frente a la maternidad y (c) acoso sexual. Ante estos hechos, se encuentran reacciones de resignación y resistencia, variando según el tipo de violencia, nivel educacional y experiencias subjetivas de las mujeres. El acoso sexual produce cambios laborales, siendo un punto de inflexión en sus trayectorias laborales. Se concluye que la violencia en el trabajo es típicamente una cuestión de género. Se insta a generar una cultura laboral libre de violencia de género.
近年来,对工作暴力的认识有所增加(Cruz & Klinger, 2011)。最近,在智利,工作场所的性别暴力开始变得明显(diaz, Mauro, Ansoleaga & Toro, 2017)。在这方面,本研究将智利妇女的工作轨迹与工作中的性别暴力联系起来。这是一项定性研究,使用半结构化访谈和传记来分析居住在智利圣地亚哥的职业和非职业女性的职业生涯。为了方便起见,样本包括7名女性(24-62岁),她们报告职业暴力事件是她们职业生涯中的基本里程碑。确定了工作中的三种性别暴力:(a)居高临下的待遇;(b)对母亲的歧视;(c)性骚扰。面对这些事实,人们的反应是顺从和抵抗,这取决于暴力的类型、教育水平和妇女的主观经历。性骚扰导致工作场所的变化,成为他们职业生涯的转折点。结果表明,工作场所的暴力是典型的性别问题。鼓励建立一种没有性别暴力的工作文化。
{"title":"Trayectorias Laborales de Mujeres y Violencia en el Trabajo: Una Cuestión de Género","authors":"R. Undurraga, Natalia López Hornickel","doi":"10.7764/PSYKHE.29.2.1494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/PSYKHE.29.2.1494","url":null,"abstract":"El reconocimiento de la violencia en el trabajo ha aumentado en los últimos años (Cruz & Klinger, 2011). Recientemente en Chile, se ha comenzado a visibilizar la violencia de género en el trabajo (Díaz, Mauro, Ansoleaga & Toro, 2017). En esta línea, este estudio relaciona las trayectorias laborales de mujeres chilenas con la violencia de género en el trabajo. Es un estudio cualitativo que utiliza entrevistas semiestructuradas y biogramas para analizar las trayectorias laborales de mujeres profesionales y no-profesionales, residentes en Santiago de Chile. La muestra por conveniencia consta de 7 mujeres (24-62 años) que reportaron eventos de violencia laboral como hitos fundamentales en sus trayectorias. Se identificaron 3 tipos de violencia de género en el trabajo: (a) trato condescendiente, (b) discriminación frente a la maternidad y (c) acoso sexual. Ante estos hechos, se encuentran reacciones de resignación y resistencia, variando según el tipo de violencia, nivel educacional y experiencias subjetivas de las mujeres. El acoso sexual produce cambios laborales, siendo un punto de inflexión en sus trayectorias laborales. Se concluye que la violencia en el trabajo es típicamente una cuestión de género. Se insta a generar una cultura laboral libre de violencia de género.","PeriodicalId":74611,"journal":{"name":"Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83772877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Análisis Psicométrico de una Escala de Ayuda con el Modelo de Respuesta Graduada 使用分级反应模型的帮助量表的心理测量分析
S. Auné, F. Abal, H. Attorresi
This article presents the results of the application of the graded response model (GRM) to the items of the Helping Scale, an eight-item test which measures helping behavior, a type of prosocial behavior. A convenience sampling strategy was employed, which made it possible to enroll 1383 Argentine university students (80% women). 73.5% of the participants attended the University of Buenos Aires, 18.9% attended other national public universities, and 7.6% attended private universities in the City of Buenos Aires. One of the items, which referred to altruism, presented gender non-uniform differential functioning and was removed from the scale. The GRM assumptions of local independence and one-dimensionality were successfully corroborated with the chi square LD index and confirmatory factor analysis, respectively. After that, the GRM was implemented. Average threshold parameters tended to be located at middle and high levels of the trait scale, while slope parameters displayed high item capacity to distinguish between participants with different levels of helping behavior. The analysis of the information function of the test showed acceptable accuracy in a wide range of helping levels, encompassing most people. Reliability was also adequate. One item, which refers to the academic domain, exhibited a low and flat level of information and out-of-range threshold parameters; therefore, it will need to be reformulated.
本文介绍了将分级反应模型(GRM)应用于助人量表项目的结果。助人量表是一个八项测试,用于测量助人行为,一种亲社会行为。采用了一种方便的抽样策略,使1383名阿根廷大学生(80%为女性)成为可能。73.5%的参与者就读于布宜诺斯艾利斯大学,18.9%就读于其他国立公立大学,7.6%就读于布宜诺斯艾利斯市内的私立大学。其中一项涉及利他主义,表现出性别不均匀的差异功能,并从量表中删除。分别用卡方LD指数和验证性因子分析验证了GRM的局部独立性和一维性假设。此后,GRM开始实施。平均阈值参数倾向于位于特质量表的中高水平,而斜率参数显示出较高的项目容量,可以区分不同帮助行为水平的被试。对测试信息功能的分析表明,在广泛的帮助水平范围内,包括大多数人,准确度是可以接受的。可靠性也足够。其中,学术领域的信息水平低且平坦,阈值参数超出范围;因此,它需要重新制定。
{"title":"Análisis Psicométrico de una Escala de Ayuda con el Modelo de Respuesta Graduada","authors":"S. Auné, F. Abal, H. Attorresi","doi":"10.7764/PSYKHE.29.2.1472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/PSYKHE.29.2.1472","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the results of the application of the graded response model (GRM) to the items of the Helping Scale, an eight-item test which measures helping behavior, a type of prosocial behavior. A convenience sampling strategy was employed, which made it possible to enroll 1383 Argentine university students (80% women). 73.5% of the participants attended the University of Buenos Aires, 18.9% attended other national public universities, and 7.6% attended private universities in the City of Buenos Aires. One of the items, which referred to altruism, presented gender non-uniform differential functioning and was removed from the scale. The GRM assumptions of local independence and one-dimensionality were successfully corroborated with the chi square LD index and confirmatory factor analysis, respectively. After that, the GRM was implemented. Average threshold parameters tended to be located at middle and high levels of the trait scale, while slope parameters displayed high item capacity to distinguish between participants with different levels of helping behavior. The analysis of the information function of the test showed acceptable accuracy in a wide range of helping levels, encompassing most people. Reliability was also adequate. One item, which refers to the academic domain, exhibited a low and flat level of information and out-of-range threshold parameters; therefore, it will need to be reformulated.","PeriodicalId":74611,"journal":{"name":"Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85211661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
De la Cultura del Miedo a la Memoria Social: Una Lectura del Trabajo de Elizabeth Lira 从恐惧文化到社会记忆:对伊丽莎白·里拉作品的解读
Daniela Jara Leiva
develop, and circulate her work and its implications critically. In this article the author aims to contribute to this still pending discussion and explore some aspects of Elizabeth Lira’s work from the point of view of memory studies, focusing on political violence and the recent past. The author presents a historical contextualization of Lira's intellectual trajectory within the framework of the Southern Cone military dictatorships, identifying thematic axes that organize her work: the analysis of the effects of dictatorships, long- term analyses of practices and institutions, and analyses of political memory. Finally, the author outlines some dilemmas that arise from the discussion, such as the tension between memory and representation and the relation between memory and
批判性地发展和传播她的作品及其含义。在这篇文章中,作者旨在为这一悬而未决的讨论做出贡献,并从记忆研究的角度探索伊丽莎白·里拉作品的某些方面,重点关注政治暴力和最近的过去。作者在南锥体军事独裁的框架内呈现了里拉思想轨迹的历史背景,确定了组织她工作的主题轴:对独裁影响的分析,对实践和制度的长期分析,以及对政治记忆的分析。最后,作者概述了在讨论中出现的一些困境,如记忆与再现之间的紧张关系以及记忆与再现之间的关系
{"title":"De la Cultura del Miedo a la Memoria Social: Una Lectura del Trabajo de Elizabeth Lira","authors":"Daniela Jara Leiva","doi":"10.7764/psykhe.29.1.1311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/psykhe.29.1.1311","url":null,"abstract":"develop, and circulate her work and its implications critically. In this article the author aims to contribute to this still pending discussion and explore some aspects of Elizabeth Lira’s work from the point of view of memory studies, focusing on political violence and the recent past. The author presents a historical contextualization of Lira's intellectual trajectory within the framework of the Southern Cone military dictatorships, identifying thematic axes that organize her work: the analysis of the effects of dictatorships, long- term analyses of practices and institutions, and analyses of political memory. Finally, the author outlines some dilemmas that arise from the discussion, such as the tension between memory and representation and the relation between memory and","PeriodicalId":74611,"journal":{"name":"Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88303381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Síndrome de Burnout en Funcionarios de Prisiones 监狱官员的倦怠综合症
Percy L. Álvarez-Cabrera, Fernando Chacón-Fuertes, Esteban Sánchez-Moreno
This study analyzes burnout syndrome (SBO) and stress-coping strategies in 290 prison officers from the north of Chile (Arica and Parinacota Region). The instruments used were the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-HSS), the Stress Coping Questionnaire, and the Labor Satisfaction Questionnaire S20/23. Results show a low prevalence of SBO (around 6%), which is similar to values reported in previous studies and consistent with the empirical evidence available for other countries. A single factor analysis of variance also suggests that gender plays a relevant role, as women scored higher on the SBO. The most commonly used coping strategies were searching for social support, expressing emotions openly, focusing on solving the problem, and reevaluating the problem positively. Results highlight the importance of the depersonalization dimension of the SBO in the sample, constituting a distinctive feature of prison officers.
本研究分析了来自智利北部(阿里卡和帕里纳科塔地区)290名狱警的倦怠综合征(SBO)和压力应对策略。研究工具为Maslach职业倦怠量表(MBI-HSS)、压力应对问卷和劳动满意度问卷S20/23。结果显示,SBO的患病率很低(约6%),这与以前研究报告的值相似,与其他国家现有的经验证据一致。单因素方差分析也表明,性别起着相关作用,因为女性在SBO上得分更高。最常用的应对策略是寻求社会支持、公开表达情绪、专注于解决问题以及积极地重新评估问题。结果突出了样本中SBO的去人格化维度的重要性,构成了监狱官员的鲜明特征。
{"title":"Síndrome de Burnout en Funcionarios de Prisiones","authors":"Percy L. Álvarez-Cabrera, Fernando Chacón-Fuertes, Esteban Sánchez-Moreno","doi":"10.7764/PSYKHE.29.1.1292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/PSYKHE.29.1.1292","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyzes burnout syndrome (SBO) and stress-coping strategies in 290 prison officers from the north of Chile (Arica and Parinacota Region). The instruments used were the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-HSS), the Stress Coping Questionnaire, and the Labor Satisfaction Questionnaire S20/23. Results show a low prevalence of SBO (around 6%), which is similar to values reported in previous studies and consistent with the empirical evidence available for other countries. A single factor analysis of variance also suggests that gender plays a relevant role, as women scored higher on the SBO. The most commonly used coping strategies were searching for social support, expressing emotions openly, focusing on solving the problem, and reevaluating the problem positively. Results highlight the importance of the depersonalization dimension of the SBO in the sample, constituting a distinctive feature of prison officers.","PeriodicalId":74611,"journal":{"name":"Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83401230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Apego al Lugar en Áreas Post-Desastre: el Caso de la Reocupación de la Ciudad de Chaitén, Chile 灾后地区的地方依附:智利chaiten市重新占领的案例
L. Maldonado, Edmundo Kronmüller, Ignacio Gutiérrez Crocco
This study investigates the place attachment of the inhabitants of the city of Chaiten in Chile, a community affected by volcano eruption during 2008 that destroyed a large part of the locality. It is asked about the associations of place attachment with the direct experience of disaster and interpersonal trust. To answer the research question, we designed a survey that had instruments to measure place attachment, residence, and interpersonal trust. For the latter, the instrument measured trust in old and new inhabitants. The survey was applied during 2015 to 188 members of the population of Chaiten, who were selected from a two stage stratified sample by sector (north and south of Chaiten). Based on analysis of the data with linear regression models, the results indicate that the direct experience of the disaster increases place attachment and slightly moderates the association between it and interpersonal trust in the community. Trusting in old inhabitants’ increases place attachment only for the individuals that did not experiment the eruption. We did not find an association between trust in new inhabitants and place attachment. The research contributes to the knowledge of place attachment by suggesting that a disaster has positive long-term consequences on attachment, while proposing the need to qualify the recognized positive association between social bonds and this concept. Greater knowledge about place attachment in disaster contexts can favor reconstruction and mitigation process against new threats.
本研究调查了智利Chaiten市居民的地方依恋,该社区在2008年受到火山爆发的影响,摧毁了当地的大部分地区。探讨了地点依恋与直接灾难经历和人际信任的关系。为了回答研究问题,我们设计了一项调查,该调查包含测量地点依恋、居住地和人际信任的工具。对于后者,该工具衡量了对新老居民的信任。该调查于2015年对188名柴滕人口进行了调查,他们是从按地区(柴滕北部和南部)分两阶段分层样本中选出的。采用线性回归模型对数据进行分析,结果表明灾害的直接经历增加了地方依恋,并对其与社区人际信任之间的关系有轻微的调节作用。对老居民的信任只会增加没有经历过火山爆发的个体的地方依恋。我们没有发现对新居民的信任和地方依恋之间的联系。该研究通过表明灾难对依恋有积极的长期影响,同时提出有必要对社会纽带和这一概念之间公认的积极联系进行定性,从而有助于了解地方依恋。更多地了解灾害背景下的地点依恋有助于重建和减轻新威胁的进程。
{"title":"Apego al Lugar en Áreas Post-Desastre: el Caso de la Reocupación de la Ciudad de Chaitén, Chile","authors":"L. Maldonado, Edmundo Kronmüller, Ignacio Gutiérrez Crocco","doi":"10.7764/PSYKHE.29.1.1327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/PSYKHE.29.1.1327","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the place attachment of the inhabitants of the city of Chaiten in Chile, a community affected by volcano eruption during 2008 that destroyed a large part of the locality. It is asked about the associations of place attachment with the direct experience of disaster and interpersonal trust. To answer the research question, we designed a survey that had instruments to measure place attachment, residence, and interpersonal trust. For the latter, the instrument measured trust in old and new inhabitants. The survey was applied during 2015 to 188 members of the population of Chaiten, who were selected from a two stage stratified sample by sector (north and south of Chaiten). Based on analysis of the data with linear regression models, the results indicate that the direct experience of the disaster increases place attachment and slightly moderates the association between it and interpersonal trust in the community. Trusting in old inhabitants’ increases place attachment only for the individuals that did not experiment the eruption. We did not find an association between trust in new inhabitants and place attachment. The research contributes to the knowledge of place attachment by suggesting that a disaster has positive long-term consequences on attachment, while proposing the need to qualify the recognized positive association between social bonds and this concept. Greater knowledge about place attachment in disaster contexts can favor reconstruction and mitigation process against new threats.","PeriodicalId":74611,"journal":{"name":"Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80857584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Formación en Psicología Comunitaria en una Universidad Chilena: Sistematización de un Trabajo Territorial con Migrantes 智利一所大学的社区心理学培训:移民领域工作的系统化
Paula Riveros Ahumada, Rubén Alejandro Nilo Pérez, Bárbara Olivares Espinoza, María Isabel Reyes Espejo
This article presents the results of an academic training experience in Community Psychology that has been ongoing since 2013 at a Chilean private university located in the city of Santiago. This ongoing experience was implemented through an institutional agreement with the Independencia municipality (urban area of Santiago) and has focused on the increasingly large migrant population present in this district. The experience is described considering the institutional framework made possible by the learning and service policy of the university, the educational approach adopted by the teaching team, and the assessment of all the local actors involved. This proposal is described through the documentary review and analysis of several written sources, 8 individual interviews with community members and municipality workers, 2 focus groups with students, and 14 surveys administered to teachers and students. Purposive sampling was used. The information is analyzed qualitatively using thematic analysis. Results describe the development of the training project within an institutional framework defined through a public policy that takes advantage of the migration context to implement interventions at a local level, thus responding to the social demands derived from the phenomenon.
{"title":"Formación en Psicología Comunitaria en una Universidad Chilena: Sistematización de un Trabajo Territorial con Migrantes","authors":"Paula Riveros Ahumada, Rubén Alejandro Nilo Pérez, Bárbara Olivares Espinoza, María Isabel Reyes Espejo","doi":"10.7764/psykhe.29.1.1223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/psykhe.29.1.1223","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the results of an academic training experience in Community Psychology that has been ongoing since 2013 at a Chilean private university located in the city of Santiago. This ongoing experience was implemented through an institutional agreement with the Independencia municipality (urban area of Santiago) and has focused on the increasingly large migrant population present in this district. The experience is described considering the institutional framework made possible by the learning and service policy of the university, the educational approach adopted by the teaching team, and the assessment of all the local actors involved. This proposal is described through the documentary review and analysis of several written sources, 8 individual interviews with community members and municipality workers, 2 focus groups with students, and 14 surveys administered to teachers and students. Purposive sampling was used. The information is analyzed qualitatively using thematic analysis. Results describe the development of the training project within an institutional framework defined through a public policy that takes advantage of the migration context to implement interventions at a local level, thus responding to the social demands derived from the phenomenon.","PeriodicalId":74611,"journal":{"name":"Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76054048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Precursores de la Competencia Lectora Inicial en Escolares Hispanoparlantes de Nivel Socioeconómico Vulnerable 社会经济地位脆弱的西班牙语学童早期阅读能力的前兆
Alejandra Balbi, Alexa von Hagen, Carola Ruiz, Ariel Cuadro
The identification of precursors of early reading competence is a promising strategy to prevent reading difficulties. However, it remains unclear whether the available evidence is applicable to reading development in superficial orthographies, such as Spanish, and specifically to population of children from vulnerable backgrounds. To answer this question, multiple regression analysis was used to estimate the explanatory power of (a) expressive vocabulary, (b) phonological awareness, and (c) phoneme-grapheme correspondence skills—measured at the beginning of the first year of primary school—regarding the early reading competence of a purposive sample of 104 first and second grade Spanish-speaking children attending 6 vulnerable private schools in Montevideo, Uruguay. At the beginning of the first year of primary school, these 3 precursors explained 58% of the variance identified in early reading competence. However, one year later, at the beginning of second year of primary school, the same precursors only explained 12% of individual differences in early reading competence. These findings contribute to an empirical body of evidence for the identification of precursors of early reading competence in Spanish speaking children from vulnerable backgrounds.
识别早期阅读能力的前兆是预防阅读困难的有效策略。然而,目前尚不清楚现有的证据是否适用于浅层正字法的阅读发展,如西班牙语,特别是来自弱势背景的儿童。为了回答这个问题,我们使用多元回归分析来估计(a)表达性词汇、(b)语音意识和(c)音素-字素对应技能(在小学一年级开始测量)对乌拉圭蒙得维的亚6所弱势私立学校104名一年级和二年级西班牙语儿童早期阅读能力的解释力。在小学一年级开始时,这三种前兆解释了58%的早期阅读能力差异。然而,一年后,在小学二年级开始的时候,同样的前兆只能解释12%的早期阅读能力的个体差异。这些发现为识别来自弱势背景的西班牙语儿童早期阅读能力的前兆提供了经验证据。
{"title":"Precursores de la Competencia Lectora Inicial en Escolares Hispanoparlantes de Nivel Socioeconómico Vulnerable","authors":"Alejandra Balbi, Alexa von Hagen, Carola Ruiz, Ariel Cuadro","doi":"10.7764/PSYKHE.29.1.1403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/PSYKHE.29.1.1403","url":null,"abstract":"The identification of precursors of early reading competence is a promising strategy to prevent reading difficulties. However, it remains unclear whether the available evidence is applicable to reading development in superficial orthographies, such as Spanish, and specifically to population of children from vulnerable backgrounds. To answer this question, multiple regression analysis was used to estimate the explanatory power of (a) expressive vocabulary, (b) phonological awareness, and (c) phoneme-grapheme correspondence skills—measured at the beginning of the first year of primary school—regarding the early reading competence of a purposive sample of 104 first and second grade Spanish-speaking children attending 6 vulnerable private schools in Montevideo, Uruguay. At the beginning of the first year of primary school, these 3 precursors explained 58% of the variance identified in early reading competence. However, one year later, at the beginning of second year of primary school, the same precursors only explained 12% of individual differences in early reading competence. These findings contribute to an empirical body of evidence for the identification of precursors of early reading competence in Spanish speaking children from vulnerable backgrounds.","PeriodicalId":74611,"journal":{"name":"Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74183325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
期刊
Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1