Introduction: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent inflammatory skin disease, often starts in childhood and tends to flare up periodically. Patients with AD may be at higher risk of several ocular complications. Aim: To evaluate the relationship of frequency, type, and severity of ophthalmic complications in children and adolescents with AD. Material and methods: This study included 64 patients between ages 0 and 18 who were diagnosed with AD between January 1, 2020 and June 30, 2020. Hanifin and Rajka criteria were used for diagnosis of AD, and the SCORAD score was used to assess severity. Data were statistically analyzed using IBM SPSS 22. Results: A total of 64 patients diagnosed with AD with a mean age of 40.4 (4–198) months were included in the study. Periocular AD findings were detected in 12 (21%) cases and ocular findings in 15 (23%) cases. AD lesions were observed in the facial region of 35 patients. The mean age of the patients was 99.6 (52–192) months in the group with ocular findings and 22.2 (4–198) months in the group without ocular findings; there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups ( p < 0.001). While ophthalmic involvement correlated with periocular involvement ( r = 0.585, p < 0.001) and facial involvement ( r = 0.281, p = 0.024), there was no correlation between SCORAD and ocular involvement ( r pb = 0.129, p = 0.31). Conclusions: It was observed that the risk of eye involvement was increased in girls, older children, and in cases with facial and periorbital involvement. This study demonstrated that severe ophthalmic complications are rare in children with mild AD, but the risk of ocular involvement increases with age and in those with facial and periocular involvement.
简介:特应性皮炎(AD)是一种常见的炎症性皮肤病，通常始于儿童时期，并有周期性发作的趋势。AD患者可能有更高的眼部并发症风险。目的:探讨儿童和青少年AD患者眼部并发症的发生频率、类型和严重程度的关系。材料和方法:本研究纳入了64名年龄在0至18岁之间，在2020年1月1日至2020年6月30日期间被诊断为AD的患者。采用Hanifin和Rajka标准诊断AD，采用SCORAD评分评估AD的严重程度。数据采用IBM SPSS 22进行统计学分析。结果:共纳入64例诊断为AD的患者，平均年龄40.4(4-198)个月。12例(21%)有眼周病变，15例(23%)有眼周病变。35例患者在面部区域观察到AD病变。有眼部病变组患者平均年龄为99.6(52 ~ 192)个月，无眼部病变组患者平均年龄为22.2(4 ~ 198)个月;两组间差异有统计学意义(p < 0.001)。眼部受累与眼周受累(r = 0.585, p < 0.001)和面部受累(r = 0.281, p = 0.024)相关，而SCORAD与眼部受累无相关性(r pb = 0.129, p = 0.31)。结论:观察到女孩、年龄较大的儿童以及面部和眶周受累的情况下，眼睛受累的风险增加。本研究表明，严重的眼部并发症在轻度AD患儿中很少见，但眼部受累的风险随着年龄的增长以及面部和眼周受累而增加。
{"title":"Ocular complications of atopic dermatitis in children and adolescents","authors":"Murat Özer, M. Aksoy, M. Şimşek","doi":"10.5114/pja.2022.116288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pja.2022.116288","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent inflammatory skin disease, often starts in childhood and tends to flare up periodically. Patients with AD may be at higher risk of several ocular complications. Aim: To evaluate the relationship of frequency, type, and severity of ophthalmic complications in children and adolescents with AD. Material and methods: This study included 64 patients between ages 0 and 18 who were diagnosed with AD between January 1, 2020 and June 30, 2020. Hanifin and Rajka criteria were used for diagnosis of AD, and the SCORAD score was used to assess severity. Data were statistically analyzed using IBM SPSS 22. Results: A total of 64 patients diagnosed with AD with a mean age of 40.4 (4–198) months were included in the study. Periocular AD findings were detected in 12 (21%) cases and ocular findings in 15 (23%) cases. AD lesions were observed in the facial region of 35 patients. The mean age of the patients was 99.6 (52–192) months in the group with ocular findings and 22.2 (4–198) months in the group without ocular findings; there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups ( p < 0.001). While ophthalmic involvement correlated with periocular involvement ( r = 0.585, p < 0.001) and facial involvement ( r = 0.281, p = 0.024), there was no correlation between SCORAD and ocular involvement ( r pb = 0.129, p = 0.31). Conclusions: It was observed that the risk of eye involvement was increased in girls, older children, and in cases with facial and periorbital involvement. This study demonstrated that severe ophthalmic complications are rare in children with mild AD, but the risk of ocular involvement increases with age and in those with facial and periocular involvement.","PeriodicalId":7469,"journal":{"name":"Alergologia Polska - Polish Journal of Allergology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70480459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The COVID-19 pandemic, announced by the World Health Organization in March 2020, remains the subject of research and analysis by scientists working in various branches of medicine. Coronavirus-associated disease is most commonly associated with characteristic pulmonary symptoms. Cutaneous manifestations in the course of SARS-CoV-2 as extrapulmonary manifestations of the disease represent a major diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Diverse clinical aspects of dermatological manifestations hinder correct differentiation and diagnosis. The prevalence of skin lesions associated with COVID-19 is estimated to be over 6% of affected patients. Several clinical patterns strongly associated with COVID-19 have been described, such as pseudo-ulcerative, maculopapular, urticarial, vesicular, and vascular lesions. Cutaneous dermatitis may coexist with mucocutaneous manifestations involving the oral cavity and ocular surface. Cutaneous manifes tations of COVID-19 are classified in the literature according to their clinical features, possible mechanisms of pathogenesis, and prevalence. The pathogenetic mechanism, diagnostic criteria, prognostic significance of these lesions are still being discussed. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the cutaneous manifestations associated with COVID-19. The period of symptom occurrence, severity, need for specific treatment, and prognosis depends on the clinical presentation. Physicians with knowledge of the cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 can quickly differentiate and then make an accurate diagnosis and implement appropriate treatment.
{"title":"Skin manifestations associated with COVID-19","authors":"Aleksandra Tatka, R. Pawliczak","doi":"10.5114/pja.2022.119226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pja.2022.119226","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic, announced by the World Health Organization in March 2020, remains the subject of research and analysis by scientists working in various branches of medicine. Coronavirus-associated disease is most commonly associated with characteristic pulmonary symptoms. Cutaneous manifestations in the course of SARS-CoV-2 as extrapulmonary manifestations of the disease represent a major diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Diverse clinical aspects of dermatological manifestations hinder correct differentiation and diagnosis. The prevalence of skin lesions associated with COVID-19 is estimated to be over 6% of affected patients. Several clinical patterns strongly associated with COVID-19 have been described, such as pseudo-ulcerative, maculopapular, urticarial, vesicular, and vascular lesions. Cutaneous dermatitis may coexist with mucocutaneous manifestations involving the oral cavity and ocular surface. Cutaneous manifes tations of COVID-19 are classified in the literature according to their clinical features, possible mechanisms of pathogenesis, and prevalence. The pathogenetic mechanism, diagnostic criteria, prognostic significance of these lesions are still being discussed. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the cutaneous manifestations associated with COVID-19. The period of symptom occurrence, severity, need for specific treatment, and prognosis depends on the clinical presentation. Physicians with knowledge of the cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 can quickly differentiate and then make an accurate diagnosis and implement appropriate treatment.","PeriodicalId":7469,"journal":{"name":"Alergologia Polska - Polish Journal of Allergology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70480986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Usefulness of DAO biomarker in difficult allergy. Consideration based on own typical cases","authors":"K. Buczyłko","doi":"10.5114/pja.2022.122003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pja.2022.122003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7469,"journal":{"name":"Alergologia Polska - Polish Journal of Allergology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70480681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Diagnostics of peanut allergy – part II","authors":"Julia Gawryjołek, A. Krogulska","doi":"10.5114/pja.2022.119229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pja.2022.119229","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7469,"journal":{"name":"Alergologia Polska - Polish Journal of Allergology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70481104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saltuk Buğra Kaya, Mehmet Erdem Çakmak, E. Damadoğlu, G. Karakaya, A. Fuat Kalyoncu
Introduction: Considering the role of the autonomic nervous system in thermoregulation, studies showing that it plays an important role in the pathophysiology of vasomotor rhinitis triggered by temperature change have been known for a long time. Aim: The present study was to evaluate patients with vasomotor rhinitis who have no organic causes for symptoms of thermodysregulation such
{"title":"Autonomic nervous system dysfunction and the effect\u0000of vitamin D level in vasomotor rhinitis patients","authors":"Saltuk Buğra Kaya, Mehmet Erdem Çakmak, E. Damadoğlu, G. Karakaya, A. Fuat Kalyoncu","doi":"10.5114/pja.2022.122007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pja.2022.122007","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Considering the role of the autonomic nervous system in thermoregulation, studies showing that it plays an important role in the pathophysiology of vasomotor rhinitis triggered by temperature change have been known for a long time. Aim: The present study was to evaluate patients with vasomotor rhinitis who have no organic causes for symptoms of thermodysregulation such","PeriodicalId":7469,"journal":{"name":"Alergologia Polska - Polish Journal of Allergology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70481433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
COVID-19 is an example of a big challenge for diagnostics. In the case of many diseases and syndromes, there is a possibility to repeat the tests, and the time allocated for diagnosis is counted even in weeks, not in hours, as in COVID-19. The situation related to COVID-19, therefore leads to a large number of tensions, both among diagnostic physicians and patients. Especially that in this case, based on a positive result, the decision is being made not only about the choice of a possible therapy, but also about quarantine. This article refers to the predictive value of tests used in the diagnosis of COVID-19 (mainly RT-PCR), focusing on the concept of a false positive result. The article demonstrates that this is a relative term, depending on the question posed, the purpose of the diagnosis (selection of therapy, quarantine decision, disease detection), or even the variant of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Effective vaccination against COVID-19, the increasing percentage of convalescent patients, and the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant minimalize all these problems. However, shifting away from widely used screening tests, should not cause abandoning COVID-19 testing completely. Part of the population may still die from the disease and effective targeted therapy already exists. In order to personalize this therapy, a test such as RT-PCR must be used.
{"title":"The concept of a false-positive (result) in the context of COVID-19 diagnostics and medical recommendations","authors":"E. Stoczyńska-Fidelus, P. Rieske","doi":"10.5114/pja.2022.116289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pja.2022.116289","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 is an example of a big challenge for diagnostics. In the case of many diseases and syndromes, there is a possibility to repeat the tests, and the time allocated for diagnosis is counted even in weeks, not in hours, as in COVID-19. The situation related to COVID-19, therefore leads to a large number of tensions, both among diagnostic physicians and patients. Especially that in this case, based on a positive result, the decision is being made not only about the choice of a possible therapy, but also about quarantine. This article refers to the predictive value of tests used in the diagnosis of COVID-19 (mainly RT-PCR), focusing on the concept of a false positive result. The article demonstrates that this is a relative term, depending on the question posed, the purpose of the diagnosis (selection of therapy, quarantine decision, disease detection), or even the variant of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Effective vaccination against COVID-19, the increasing percentage of convalescent patients, and the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant minimalize all these problems. However, shifting away from widely used screening tests, should not cause abandoning COVID-19 testing completely. Part of the population may still die from the disease and effective targeted therapy already exists. In order to personalize this therapy, a test such as RT-PCR must be used.","PeriodicalId":7469,"journal":{"name":"Alergologia Polska - Polish Journal of Allergology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70480647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Current allergen immunotherapy market situation – September 2022","authors":"Adam Górka, R. Pawliczak","doi":"10.5114/pja.2022.122004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pja.2022.122004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7469,"journal":{"name":"Alergologia Polska - Polish Journal of Allergology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70481270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gabriela Harvanová, S. Duranková, A. Csanády, Ľubov Rosoľanková, M. Majherová
{"title":"Bronchial asthma and its triggers: a case study in eastern Slovakia","authors":"Gabriela Harvanová, S. Duranková, A. Csanády, Ľubov Rosoľanková, M. Majherová","doi":"10.5114/pja.2022.119234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pja.2022.119234","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7469,"journal":{"name":"Alergologia Polska - Polish Journal of Allergology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70480898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Air pollution and climate change have a significant impact on human health and well-being, and contribute to the onset and worsening of bronchial asthma, allergy and other chronic respiratory diseases. Reducing exposure to indoor environmental factors that have been shown to worsen asthma symptoms or exacerbate asthma is an important part of respiratory disease management strategies. Current evidence suggests that portable air purifiers could be a useful way of reducing exposure to pollutants, especially in children but also in adults. Air purifiers can reduce the concentration of triggers of asthma in indoor air, but the results supporting their benefits for breathing problems have not always been reproducible. This paper summarizes the effects of indoor air pollution on asthma and allergies in children and adults, and the effectiveness of air purifiers in reducing the effects of pollution.
{"title":"The impact of commercially available air purifiers on bronchial asthma and allergy symptoms","authors":"Joanna Wieczfinska, R. Pawliczak","doi":"10.5114/pja.2022.114396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pja.2022.114396","url":null,"abstract":"Air pollution and climate change have a significant impact on human health and well-being, and contribute to the onset and worsening of bronchial asthma, allergy and other chronic respiratory diseases. Reducing exposure to indoor environmental factors that have been shown to worsen asthma symptoms or exacerbate asthma is an important part of respiratory disease management strategies. Current evidence suggests that portable air purifiers could be a useful way of reducing exposure to pollutants, especially in children but also in adults. Air purifiers can reduce the concentration of triggers of asthma in indoor air, but the results supporting their benefits for breathing problems have not always been reproducible. This paper summarizes the effects of indoor air pollution on asthma and allergies in children and adults, and the effectiveness of air purifiers in reducing the effects of pollution.","PeriodicalId":7469,"journal":{"name":"Alergologia Polska - Polish Journal of Allergology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70480223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cigarette smoke is a complex mixture of more than 6000 chemical compounds, including high concentrations of free radicals and other oxidants. Cigarette smoke is also a source of free radicals. It is known that free radicals and lipid peroxidation have roles in pathogenesis of cardiovascular and pulmonary disease such as coronary artery disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cigarette smoking is the major cause of preventable morbidity and mortality in Poland and constitutes a major risk factor for atherosclerotic vascular disease. It is believed that smoking causes increased oxidative stress because of several mechanisms, including direct damage by radicals. Moreover, numerous studies have indicated greater levels of oxidative stress in cigarette smokers, which is most likely attributable to the high concentration of reactive oxygen species in cigarette smoke. Homeostasis of an organism and its proper functioning are determined by the oxidative-antioxidant balance. Its disorder is most often associated with overproduction of reactive oxygen species that cause oxidative stress. It is a condition where an imbalance exists between the production of reactive oxygen species and the body’s ability to neutralize these intermediates, resulting in cellular damage. Cigarette smoke is known to be both a source and an inducer of cellular oxidative stress, which is a factor in many smoking-related diseases, and this oxidative stress initiates a variety of pathological processes which contribute to disease development. According to the World Health Organization, active smoking is one of the leading causes of death among people in the world through diseases caused by the toxic components of tobacco smoke.
{"title":"Cigarette smoking and oxidative stress","authors":"Artur Nowak, R. Pawliczak","doi":"10.5114/pja.2022.116285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pja.2022.116285","url":null,"abstract":"Cigarette smoke is a complex mixture of more than 6000 chemical compounds, including high concentrations of free radicals and other oxidants. Cigarette smoke is also a source of free radicals. It is known that free radicals and lipid peroxidation have roles in pathogenesis of cardiovascular and pulmonary disease such as coronary artery disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cigarette smoking is the major cause of preventable morbidity and mortality in Poland and constitutes a major risk factor for atherosclerotic vascular disease. It is believed that smoking causes increased oxidative stress because of several mechanisms, including direct damage by radicals. Moreover, numerous studies have indicated greater levels of oxidative stress in cigarette smokers, which is most likely attributable to the high concentration of reactive oxygen species in cigarette smoke. Homeostasis of an organism and its proper functioning are determined by the oxidative-antioxidant balance. Its disorder is most often associated with overproduction of reactive oxygen species that cause oxidative stress. It is a condition where an imbalance exists between the production of reactive oxygen species and the body’s ability to neutralize these intermediates, resulting in cellular damage. Cigarette smoke is known to be both a source and an inducer of cellular oxidative stress, which is a factor in many smoking-related diseases, and this oxidative stress initiates a variety of pathological processes which contribute to disease development. According to the World Health Organization, active smoking is one of the leading causes of death among people in the world through diseases caused by the toxic components of tobacco smoke.","PeriodicalId":7469,"journal":{"name":"Alergologia Polska - Polish Journal of Allergology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70480415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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