Mehmet Erdem Çakmak, Saltuk Buğra Kaya, Özge Can Bostan, E. Damadoğlu, G. Karakaya, A. Fuat Kalyoncu
Introduction: Seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) is typically characterized by rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, sneezing, and itching of the nose, eyes, ears, and pharynx. Aim: To evaluate the natural course of the disease in patients diagnosed with SAR. Material and methods: The study included 191 patients diagnosed with SAR before January 2009 and who were followed up in our clinic. A survey was applied to these 191 between June 2019 and June 2020. Patients were asked to compare their initial symptoms and symptoms in the last year. Results: The median age of the 191 patients in this study was 35 (range: 22–70 years) and median SAR duration was 15 (range: 10–40 years). The most common disease accompanying SAR was asthma ( n = 93, 48.7%). The most common sensitizing allergen was Phleum pratense ( n = 180, 94.2%) and the most common symptoms were nasal discharge ( n = 178, 93.2%), nasal itching ( n = 176, 92.1%), sneezing ( n = 182, 95.3%), ocular itching ( n = 136, 71.2%) and ocular discharge ( n = 129, 67.5%). Over the past year, nasal symptoms increased in 49 (25.7%) patients, decreased in 78 (40.8%) and did not change in 64 (33.5%). Ocular symptoms increased in 26 (18.7%) patients, decreased in 65 (46.7%) and did not change in 48 (34.5%). Nasal symptoms decreased in patients who applied pollen avoidance strategies ( p = 0.008). Conclusions: The natural course of SAR in long-term follow-up is variable. The implementation of effective pollen avoidance measures can reduce the disease severity in patients with SAR in the long term.
{"title":"Long-term natural course of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis","authors":"Mehmet Erdem Çakmak, Saltuk Buğra Kaya, Özge Can Bostan, E. Damadoğlu, G. Karakaya, A. Fuat Kalyoncu","doi":"10.5114/pja.2022.116287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pja.2022.116287","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) is typically characterized by rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, sneezing, and itching of the nose, eyes, ears, and pharynx. Aim: To evaluate the natural course of the disease in patients diagnosed with SAR. Material and methods: The study included 191 patients diagnosed with SAR before January 2009 and who were followed up in our clinic. A survey was applied to these 191 between June 2019 and June 2020. Patients were asked to compare their initial symptoms and symptoms in the last year. Results: The median age of the 191 patients in this study was 35 (range: 22–70 years) and median SAR duration was 15 (range: 10–40 years). The most common disease accompanying SAR was asthma ( n = 93, 48.7%). The most common sensitizing allergen was Phleum pratense ( n = 180, 94.2%) and the most common symptoms were nasal discharge ( n = 178, 93.2%), nasal itching ( n = 176, 92.1%), sneezing ( n = 182, 95.3%), ocular itching ( n = 136, 71.2%) and ocular discharge ( n = 129, 67.5%). Over the past year, nasal symptoms increased in 49 (25.7%) patients, decreased in 78 (40.8%) and did not change in 64 (33.5%). Ocular symptoms increased in 26 (18.7%) patients, decreased in 65 (46.7%) and did not change in 48 (34.5%). Nasal symptoms decreased in patients who applied pollen avoidance strategies ( p = 0.008). Conclusions: The natural course of SAR in long-term follow-up is variable. The implementation of effective pollen avoidance measures can reduce the disease severity in patients with SAR in the long term.","PeriodicalId":7469,"journal":{"name":"Alergologia Polska - Polish Journal of Allergology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70480567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Peanut allergy – epidemiology, pathomechanism, risk factors, \u0000routes of exposure, symptoms and prognosis","authors":"Julia Gawryjołek, A. Krogulska","doi":"10.5114/pja.2022.119227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pja.2022.119227","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7469,"journal":{"name":"Alergologia Polska - Polish Journal of Allergology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70481036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y The COVID-19 vaccines are very effective. In vitro studies of the vaccines indicate that the vaccines show all the expected effects. Vaccines induce both a cytotoxic lymphocyte response and a humoral response. Research under real conditions shows a rapidly weakening protection against transmission, and a very good protection against death and hospitalization. The differences between the convalescent and the vaccinated should be better analyzed. Determining the level of vaccination effectiveness would not be possible without diagnostic tests showing very good diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. Diagnostic analysis and epidemical analysis proved that mechanisms for the rapid introduction of vaccines have been accomplished. Nevertheless, preparations for the next pandemic should take into account the various shortcomings revealed by COVID-19. One should consider the preparation of universal coronavirus vaccines. Even 25% effectiveness in protecting risk groups from hospitalization, and 50% from death, will prove very helpful before targeted vaccines are developed.
{"title":"Assessment of COVID-19 vaccination effectiveness","authors":"E. Stoczyńska-Fidelus, P. Rieske","doi":"10.5114/pja.2022.114393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pja.2022.114393","url":null,"abstract":"Y The COVID-19 vaccines are very effective. In vitro studies of the vaccines indicate that the vaccines show all the expected effects. Vaccines induce both a cytotoxic lymphocyte response and a humoral response. Research under real conditions shows a rapidly weakening protection against transmission, and a very good protection against death and hospitalization. The differences between the convalescent and the vaccinated should be better analyzed. Determining the level of vaccination effectiveness would not be possible without diagnostic tests showing very good diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. Diagnostic analysis and epidemical analysis proved that mechanisms for the rapid introduction of vaccines have been accomplished. Nevertheless, preparations for the next pandemic should take into account the various shortcomings revealed by COVID-19. One should consider the preparation of universal coronavirus vaccines. Even 25% effectiveness in protecting risk groups from hospitalization, and 50% from death, will prove very helpful before targeted vaccines are developed.","PeriodicalId":7469,"journal":{"name":"Alergologia Polska - Polish Journal of Allergology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70479659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Sadowska, Marlena Sztormowska, Marika Gawinowska, M. Chełmińska
Introduction: Hypersensitivity to food additives is still under investigation. Aim: To evaluate the incidence of reactions to food additives and their clinical significance in urticaria patients and suspected hypersensitivity to them. Material and methods: The study included patients hospitalized at the Department of Allergology and Pneumology of the Medical University of Gdansk in 2017–2019 with suspected hypersensitivity to food additives. The following substances were selected for the study: sodium metabisulfite, carmine, annatto, monosodium glutamate, sodium benzoate, and a mixture of azo dyes. A standardized questionnaire, skin prick tests, patch tests, and sIgE level evaluation for carmine were used in the diagnostic procedure. All the patients with positive skin testing, elevated sIgE level or suspected hypersensitivity for food additives were qualified for the single-blind placebo-controlled oral challenge. Results: One hundred and ten patients were enrolled in the study. Out of 171 challenges carried out, 25 were positive in 22 subjects. Conclusions: Food additives can exacerbate and induce hypersensitivity reactions in IgE- and non-IgE-de-pendent mechanisms.
{"title":"Reactions after natural and artificial food additives in urticaria: should we pretend they do not exist?","authors":"B. Sadowska, Marlena Sztormowska, Marika Gawinowska, M. Chełmińska","doi":"10.5114/pja.2022.116290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pja.2022.116290","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Hypersensitivity to food additives is still under investigation. Aim: To evaluate the incidence of reactions to food additives and their clinical significance in urticaria patients and suspected hypersensitivity to them. Material and methods: The study included patients hospitalized at the Department of Allergology and Pneumology of the Medical University of Gdansk in 2017–2019 with suspected hypersensitivity to food additives. The following substances were selected for the study: sodium metabisulfite, carmine, annatto, monosodium glutamate, sodium benzoate, and a mixture of azo dyes. A standardized questionnaire, skin prick tests, patch tests, and sIgE level evaluation for carmine were used in the diagnostic procedure. All the patients with positive skin testing, elevated sIgE level or suspected hypersensitivity for food additives were qualified for the single-blind placebo-controlled oral challenge. Results: One hundred and ten patients were enrolled in the study. Out of 171 challenges carried out, 25 were positive in 22 subjects. Conclusions: Food additives can exacerbate and induce hypersensitivity reactions in IgE- and non-IgE-de-pendent mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":7469,"journal":{"name":"Alergologia Polska - Polish Journal of Allergology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70480741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: The use of cosmetics and skin care products is on a steady increase, especially in developed countries. Despite increasingly strict regulations, ingredients with irritant potential are still widely used in cosmetic products. On patch tests, irritant reactions may be mistaken for allergic reactions, leading to mis-diagnoses. Aim: To compile and analyze available data on irritant reactions to cosmetic ingredients from patch test studies in humans. Material and methods: Data on irritant reactions to cosmetic ingredients in patch tests were extracted from published patch test studies indexed in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science or Google Scholar. The available data were pooled to assess the frequency and create a ranking list of irritant cosmetic ingredients. Results: Data on the prevalence of irritant reactions among people undergoing patch testing (routine or experimental) were available for 47 cosmetic ingredients. Among ingredients routinely tested in the European Baseline Series, the highest rates of irritant reactions were reported for Myroxylon pereirae resin (balsam of Peru, irritant reactions in 3.40% of patch test patients), followed by Fragrance mix II (2.83%), Fragrance mix I (2.34%), colophonium (1.14%), p-phenylenediamine 1% (0.99%), hydroxyisohexyl 3-cyclohexene carboxal-dehyde (0.70%), Paraben mix (0.48%) and Quaternium 15 (0.29%). Conclusions: A range of widely used cosmetic ingredients possess irritative properties, which may contribute to irritant contact dermatitis in the consumers. In routine patch testing, irritant reactions to cosmetic ingredients may emerge in as many as one in ten patients. As irritant reactions to cosmetic ingredients in patch tests may contribute to false diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis, doctors should be aware of the risk and able to single out such reactions.
{"title":"Irritant patch test reactions to cosmetic ingredients","authors":"Jadwiga Kalicińska, B. Wiśniowska, R. Spiewak","doi":"10.5114/pja.2022.112784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pja.2022.112784","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The use of cosmetics and skin care products is on a steady increase, especially in developed countries. Despite increasingly strict regulations, ingredients with irritant potential are still widely used in cosmetic products. On patch tests, irritant reactions may be mistaken for allergic reactions, leading to mis-diagnoses. Aim: To compile and analyze available data on irritant reactions to cosmetic ingredients from patch test studies in humans. Material and methods: Data on irritant reactions to cosmetic ingredients in patch tests were extracted from published patch test studies indexed in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science or Google Scholar. The available data were pooled to assess the frequency and create a ranking list of irritant cosmetic ingredients. Results: Data on the prevalence of irritant reactions among people undergoing patch testing (routine or experimental) were available for 47 cosmetic ingredients. Among ingredients routinely tested in the European Baseline Series, the highest rates of irritant reactions were reported for Myroxylon pereirae resin (balsam of Peru, irritant reactions in 3.40% of patch test patients), followed by Fragrance mix II (2.83%), Fragrance mix I (2.34%), colophonium (1.14%), p-phenylenediamine 1% (0.99%), hydroxyisohexyl 3-cyclohexene carboxal-dehyde (0.70%), Paraben mix (0.48%) and Quaternium 15 (0.29%). Conclusions: A range of widely used cosmetic ingredients possess irritative properties, which may contribute to irritant contact dermatitis in the consumers. In routine patch testing, irritant reactions to cosmetic ingredients may emerge in as many as one in ten patients. As irritant reactions to cosmetic ingredients in patch tests may contribute to false diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis, doctors should be aware of the risk and able to single out such reactions.","PeriodicalId":7469,"journal":{"name":"Alergologia Polska - Polish Journal of Allergology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70479844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Kucharczyk, L. Bednarek-Papierska, A. Barczyk, P. Kuna, M. Nittner-Marszalska, A. Obojski, P. Śliwiński, M. Kupczyk
{"title":"Principles of management of severe asthma patients treated with systemic glucocorticosteroids – Experts’ recommendations on dose reduction and discontinuation of these drugs","authors":"A. Kucharczyk, L. Bednarek-Papierska, A. Barczyk, P. Kuna, M. Nittner-Marszalska, A. Obojski, P. Śliwiński, M. Kupczyk","doi":"10.5114/pja.2022.116292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pja.2022.116292","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7469,"journal":{"name":"Alergologia Polska - Polish Journal of Allergology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70480757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Özdemir, E. Damadoğlu, G. Karakaya, A. Kalyoncu
{"title":"Assessment of the use of adrenaline auto-injectors among adult patients at risk of anaphylaxis","authors":"E. Özdemir, E. Damadoğlu, G. Karakaya, A. Kalyoncu","doi":"10.5114/pja.2022.119231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pja.2022.119231","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7469,"journal":{"name":"Alergologia Polska - Polish Journal of Allergology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70480827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The role of diet in atopic dermatitis","authors":"Aleksandra Tatka, R. Pawliczak","doi":"10.5114/pja.2022.116416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pja.2022.116416","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7469,"journal":{"name":"Alergologia Polska - Polish Journal of Allergology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70480877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The diagnosis of anaphylaxis in the new International Classification of Diseases ICD-11","authors":"Olga Branicka, Lesia Rozłucka, R. Gawlik","doi":"10.5114/pja.2022.122001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pja.2022.122001","url":null,"abstract":"a","PeriodicalId":7469,"journal":{"name":"Alergologia Polska - Polish Journal of Allergology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70481011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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