Pub Date : 2023-07-17DOI: 10.11648/j.ajbio.20231104.12
Mekonen Wolditsadik, T. Beyene, Desta Abi
{"title":"Investigating the Role of Honeybee (<i>Apismellifera </i>L.) Pollination on Seed Yield of Soybean (<i>Glycine max L. Merril</i>)","authors":"Mekonen Wolditsadik, T. Beyene, Desta Abi","doi":"10.11648/j.ajbio.20231104.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20231104.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7478,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of BioScience","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74935888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-06DOI: 10.11648/j.ajbio.20231103.13
Pierre Stephan Elono Azang, Cyril Romeo Heumou, Desiree Chantal Alene, Desiree Dounia, Leslie Carelle Mahanac Njiti, P. Ngassam, Joseph Lebel Tamesse, C. Djiéto‐Lordon
{"title":"Incidence and Populations Fluctuation of <i>Leucinodes orbonalis</i> Guen. 1854 (Pyralidae) on African Eggplant (Solanaceae) and Their Relationship with Abiotic Factors","authors":"Pierre Stephan Elono Azang, Cyril Romeo Heumou, Desiree Chantal Alene, Desiree Dounia, Leslie Carelle Mahanac Njiti, P. Ngassam, Joseph Lebel Tamesse, C. Djiéto‐Lordon","doi":"10.11648/j.ajbio.20231103.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20231103.13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7478,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of BioScience","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86514713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.11648/j.ajbio.20231103.12
Dawit Merga, Lemi Beksisa
: Drought is a limiting factor of coffee production and industry worldwide which result 40-80% yield loses. The most substantial solution for this factor is developing tolerant coffee variety. In order to design genetic improvement program, understanding the mechanisms exhibited by drought tolerant and desirable traits involved in coffee genotypes under drought stress is priority issue. Thus, the present review article was conducted with the intension to assess and to understand the drought tolerance mechanisms revealed in coffee for further genetic improvement program. So far, the achieved research results on drought tolerance mechanisms of coffee such as morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular mechanisms were clearly discussed in this article. Drought tolerant coffee genotypes exhibited deep root, reduce leaf area and even shade leaf, control on stomatal conductance and leaf transpiration under water deficit. Under drought stress, several biochemical accumulation such as sugar, amino acid, carbon metabolism enzymes Viz sucrose synthase and phosphofructokinase were confirmed in drought tolerant coffee which favor osmoregulation and enable desiccation tolerance. Coffee breeders’ experts should be conscious these desirable traits during coffee genetic improvement for drought tolerance. In Arabica coffee, CaERF017 is the most expressed gene under low temperature and drought stress. Generally, many genes identified in Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora that response to drought stress which are essential for intra and inter- cross for genetic enhancement and developing drought tolerant coffee variety.
{"title":"Mechanisms of Drought Tolerance in Coffee (<i>Coffea arabica</i> L.): Implication for Genetic Improvement Program: Review","authors":"Dawit Merga, Lemi Beksisa","doi":"10.11648/j.ajbio.20231103.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20231103.12","url":null,"abstract":": Drought is a limiting factor of coffee production and industry worldwide which result 40-80% yield loses. The most substantial solution for this factor is developing tolerant coffee variety. In order to design genetic improvement program, understanding the mechanisms exhibited by drought tolerant and desirable traits involved in coffee genotypes under drought stress is priority issue. Thus, the present review article was conducted with the intension to assess and to understand the drought tolerance mechanisms revealed in coffee for further genetic improvement program. So far, the achieved research results on drought tolerance mechanisms of coffee such as morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular mechanisms were clearly discussed in this article. Drought tolerant coffee genotypes exhibited deep root, reduce leaf area and even shade leaf, control on stomatal conductance and leaf transpiration under water deficit. Under drought stress, several biochemical accumulation such as sugar, amino acid, carbon metabolism enzymes Viz sucrose synthase and phosphofructokinase were confirmed in drought tolerant coffee which favor osmoregulation and enable desiccation tolerance. Coffee breeders’ experts should be conscious these desirable traits during coffee genetic improvement for drought tolerance. In Arabica coffee, CaERF017 is the most expressed gene under low temperature and drought stress. Generally, many genes identified in Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora that response to drought stress which are essential for intra and inter- cross for genetic enhancement and developing drought tolerant coffee variety.","PeriodicalId":7478,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of BioScience","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82161710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: Eggplant leaves ( Solanum macrocarpon ) are rich in nutrients which are unfortunately lost during cooking. To reduce micronutrients losses and enhance antioxidant potentialities, they were cooked in water for 30 minutes with onion, ginger and Guinea pepper. The analyzes focused on the determination of vitamin C, β-carotene, phenolic compounds, free radical-scavenging and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activities. In Wistar rats, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase activities were also evaluated during 1 month. The results indicated that vitamin C remained low in eggplant leaves cooked with onion and spices. Cooked eggplant market leaves β-carotene content (187.11 µg/100 FM) increase from 447.43 µg/100 FM (with onion) to 905.44 µg/100 FM (with Guinea pepper). Ginger, Guinea pepper and onion improved eggplant field leaves free radical scavenging activities, which previous IC 50 value (12.00 µg/ml) became 0.67, 0.83 and 3.08 µg/ml respectively. TBARS rate increased only for rats which received eggplant market leaves cooked with onion from 0.02 to 0.03 nmol/ml. SOD activities increased during the firsts 2 weeks of experiment. Glutathione peroxidase activities is high in serum of rats which received eggplant field leaves cooked with onion (18.70 nmol/min/ml). Onion, ginger and Guinea pepper enhance eggplant antioxidant potentialities during cooking.
{"title":"Impact of Spices on Micronutrients, Phenolic Compounds, in Vitro and in Vivo Antioxidant Potentialities in Eggplant Leaves Cooked with Water","authors":"Kouamé-Osnou Cica Etoile, Agbo Adouko Edith, Gbogbo Moussa, Gbogouri Grodji Albarin","doi":"10.11648/j.ajbio.20231102.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20231102.11","url":null,"abstract":": Eggplant leaves ( Solanum macrocarpon ) are rich in nutrients which are unfortunately lost during cooking. To reduce micronutrients losses and enhance antioxidant potentialities, they were cooked in water for 30 minutes with onion, ginger and Guinea pepper. The analyzes focused on the determination of vitamin C, β-carotene, phenolic compounds, free radical-scavenging and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activities. In Wistar rats, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase activities were also evaluated during 1 month. The results indicated that vitamin C remained low in eggplant leaves cooked with onion and spices. Cooked eggplant market leaves β-carotene content (187.11 µg/100 FM) increase from 447.43 µg/100 FM (with onion) to 905.44 µg/100 FM (with Guinea pepper). Ginger, Guinea pepper and onion improved eggplant field leaves free radical scavenging activities, which previous IC 50 value (12.00 µg/ml) became 0.67, 0.83 and 3.08 µg/ml respectively. TBARS rate increased only for rats which received eggplant market leaves cooked with onion from 0.02 to 0.03 nmol/ml. SOD activities increased during the firsts 2 weeks of experiment. Glutathione peroxidase activities is high in serum of rats which received eggplant field leaves cooked with onion (18.70 nmol/min/ml). Onion, ginger and Guinea pepper enhance eggplant antioxidant potentialities during cooking.","PeriodicalId":7478,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of BioScience","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85455285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.11648/j.ajbio.20231101.14
Soumbougma Benoît, K. Zakaria, Kiébré Mariam, Tiama Djakaridia, K. Nikodème, O. Jacques, B. Pauline
: Squash ( Cucurbita sp ) is one of the vegetables-fruits used in human nutrition and in traditional medicine. This study contributes to a better understanding of endogenous squash practices related to socio-demographic factors (age and gender) and socio-cultural group in Burkina Faso. To this end, 194 semi-structured personal interviews were conducted in nine regions (South-West, Central-West, Central-South, Central-East, Central, North, Boucle du Mouhoun, East
南瓜(Cucurbita sp)是一种用于人体营养和传统医学的蔬菜水果。这项研究有助于更好地了解与布基纳法索社会人口因素(年龄和性别)和社会文化群体相关的内源性壁球实践。为此目的，在九个区域(西南、中西、中南、中东、中部、北部、Boucle du Mouhoun、东部)进行了194次半结构化个人访谈
{"title":"Endogenous Knowledge and Socio-Economic Importance of Squash (<i>Cucurbita sp.</i>) in Burkina Faso","authors":"Soumbougma Benoît, K. Zakaria, Kiébré Mariam, Tiama Djakaridia, K. Nikodème, O. Jacques, B. Pauline","doi":"10.11648/j.ajbio.20231101.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20231101.14","url":null,"abstract":": Squash ( Cucurbita sp ) is one of the vegetables-fruits used in human nutrition and in traditional medicine. This study contributes to a better understanding of endogenous squash practices related to socio-demographic factors (age and gender) and socio-cultural group in Burkina Faso. To this end, 194 semi-structured personal interviews were conducted in nine regions (South-West, Central-West, Central-South, Central-East, Central, North, Boucle du Mouhoun, East","PeriodicalId":7478,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of BioScience","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78939805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-09DOI: 10.11648/j.ajbio.20231101.13
Adepo Yapo Prospère, Atto Virginie, F. Ibrahim, Kati-Coulibaly Séraphin
{"title":"Comparative Study of Breastfeeding Practices for Infants Aged 0 to 6 Months in the Communes of Abobo, Bingerville and Yopougon (Abidjan, Ivory Coast)","authors":"Adepo Yapo Prospère, Atto Virginie, F. Ibrahim, Kati-Coulibaly Séraphin","doi":"10.11648/j.ajbio.20231101.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20231101.13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7478,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of BioScience","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86872759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-10DOI: 10.11648/j.ajbio.20231101.11
G. Droh, Kouadio Meliton Djezou, S. Tuo, M. Touré, A. Kouassi
{"title":"Morphometric Characterization of Endomycorrhizal Fungi (Glomeraceae and Acaulosporaceae) from the Bouaflé and Niellé Areas in Côte d'Ivoire","authors":"G. Droh, Kouadio Meliton Djezou, S. Tuo, M. Touré, A. Kouassi","doi":"10.11648/j.ajbio.20231101.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20231101.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7478,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of BioScience","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86529515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.11648/j.ajbio.20221001.13
Werkissa Yali, Gudeta Nepir
Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is a tropical C4 crop that originated in Ethiopia and was domesticated there. It is the fifth most widely grown cereal crop in the world. It is a vital staple crop for more than 500 million people in 30 Sub-Saharan African and Asian nations, although it is mostly farmed as a feed crop in the developed world. In a breeding program, the presence of genetic variety is critical. For sorghum breeding and novel cultivar deployment, the genetic variation present in sorghum germplasm collections is frequently investigated. Effective breeding and genetic conservation may need a well-characterized sorghum genetic resource. The level of trait heritability is linked to the genetic development of breeding populations for yield and its component traits. The amount of genetic variability contained in a population and how it is used determines the success of a crop improvement effort. A breeder's understanding of a crop's genetic diversity usually aids them in selecting desirable parents for breeding programs. As a result, it's critical to examine genetic diversity, heritability, and genetic progress since they provide information that can be used to improve grain yield as well as quality qualities to increase crop production and productivity.
{"title":"Review of Sorghum [<i>Sorghum bicolor (L.)</i> Moench] Genetic Variability Genotypes","authors":"Werkissa Yali, Gudeta Nepir","doi":"10.11648/j.ajbio.20221001.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20221001.13","url":null,"abstract":"Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is a tropical C4 crop that originated in Ethiopia and was domesticated there. It is the fifth most widely grown cereal crop in the world. It is a vital staple crop for more than 500 million people in 30 Sub-Saharan African and Asian nations, although it is mostly farmed as a feed crop in the developed world. In a breeding program, the presence of genetic variety is critical. For sorghum breeding and novel cultivar deployment, the genetic variation present in sorghum germplasm collections is frequently investigated. Effective breeding and genetic conservation may need a well-characterized sorghum genetic resource. The level of trait heritability is linked to the genetic development of breeding populations for yield and its component traits. The amount of genetic variability contained in a population and how it is used determines the success of a crop improvement effort. A breeder's understanding of a crop's genetic diversity usually aids them in selecting desirable parents for breeding programs. As a result, it's critical to examine genetic diversity, heritability, and genetic progress since they provide information that can be used to improve grain yield as well as quality qualities to increase crop production and productivity.","PeriodicalId":7478,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of BioScience","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81813788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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