Sleep epidemiology最新文献

Narcolepsy is a rare disabling neurological disease, affecting children and adults. The most recent development of measurement tools for narcolepsy were developed for adults; only a few tools are available for children without comparison on their validity. This research aims at comparing the validity of existing measurement tools in paediatric narcolepsy. From an ongoing randomized controlled trial, we extracted the data blind to the treatment of the 93 first terminating patients on which we compared the Paediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS), the Ullanlina Narcolepsy scale (UNS), the Child and Adolescent Sleepiness Questionnaire (CASS), the maintenance of wakefulness test (MWT), and the cataplexy episodes count (CEC).

The comparison was carried out on reliability, internal consistency, sensitivity to change, minimum important difference, construct validity and concurrent validity.

We provide evidence that the Ullanlina UNS score, currently used for screening purposes, constitutes a reliable and sensitive overall symptom measurement tool. Its subscore (UNS-CTP) based on the first four items permits a sensitive measurement of cataplexy, whereas the UNS-EDS subscore was found inferior to the PDSS scale. Compared with the objective measurement of symptoms (MWT, CEC), these scales better correlated with the clinical global impression of change in time, they are characterized by higher sensitivity, and they are much easier to use.

Recently, the use of social media has penetrated many aspects of our daily lives. Therefore, it has stimulated much debate and polarisation regarding its impact on mental well-being. The present study investigated the association between problematic use of social media, subjective well-being, and insomnia's potential mediator. A proportionate random sample was collected from a Univerity in Algeria between March and April 2020.The participants (n=288; mean [SD] age = 20.83 [2.13]) involved 101 (35.1%) males. Nearly three-fourths of the participants (n=214; 74.3%) used up more-than three hours daily surfing on social media. Their mean (SD) score was 15.64 (4.80) on the Bergan Social Media Addiction Scale, 16.19 (9.15) on the Arabic Scale of Insomnia, and 28.13 (7.90) on the overall subjective well-being. Structural equation modeling (SEM) revealed an indirect correlation between problematic use of social media and the overall subjective well-being of users. Similarly, the indirect but not direct effects were found for the overall subjective well-being subdomains. Moreover, all SEM models have a satisfactory fit with the data.

Based on the results, it can be concluded that insomnia appears to play an important role in mediating the association between subjective well-being and problematic social media use. This suggests the importance of tackling the issues of insomnia and problematic use of social media for university students. It also has important implications in dealing with the misuse of social media, especially during the covid-19 pandemic.

Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) are subclinical forms of psychosis commonly experienced in the general population. The nature of PLEs has yet to be clearly defined, yet mood and sleep disturbances may be two predictors. Sleep disturbance increases paranoia and hallucinations in experimental studies, and insomnia is considered a longitudinal precursor of psychosis. Mood disturbances including depression and mania, which can be induced by insomnia, can also result in psychotic symptoms. However, whether insomnia may predict PLEs via the mediation of mood disturbance has yet to be fully clarified. To advance this field, the aim of this study was to investigate the mediation role of depression and mania symptoms on the relationship between insomnia and PLEs.

1.086 community members (28.32±9.04 years, 58.1% females) cross-sectionally completed self-reported measures of insomnia severity, depression/mania symptoms, and PLEs. Bivariate correlations, hierarchical multiple regressions and mediation analyses with bootstrap approach were performed. Insomnia and mood disturbances (depression/mania) were significantly associated with PLEs (β = 0.06, p < .05; β = 0.225, p < .001, respectively). Mediation analysis revealed a significant indirect effect between insomnia and PLEs mediated by mood disturbance through bootstrap approach (β=0.13, se= 0.02, 95% CI: 0.10 - 0.17). Our results support the view of insomnia and mood disturbances as predictors of PLEs in the general population and foster the replication of these findings using longitudinal designs.

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a progressive and irreversible loss of kidney function. Data mining concepts may be used in assessing and predicting CKD-related issues to obtain hidden clinical information for a reliable and effective decision-making process. These advanced learning methods would identify the relationships and patterns that will help classify factors that affect the poor sleep quality of CKD patients. Poor sleep quality is a critical issue for CKD individuals, negatively affecting immunity, cognitive functions, and emotional demonstrations. This study aims to find the factors affecting the sleep quality of CKD patients. Decision tree-based methods are used to identify the impact of each feature to predict sleep quality. The predictive results are compared with different classification models as well. Furthermore, two re-sampling techniques, Synthetic Minority Oversampling and Random Oversampling, are also used to reduce the impact of the imbalanced nature of the data set. We further discuss how these results agree with the clinically relevant features determined by the physicians.

Objective

This study aimed to assess sleep quality and the independent predictors of poor sleep quality in the Brazilian population.

Methods

An online survey was conducted in adults from all five Brazilian regions. Participants answered a structured questionnaire including variables such as sex, age, geographic region, state, socioeconomic class, education level, the existence of a partner/roommate, self-reported insomnia, and smart phone/interactive media use. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess sleep quality. A logistic regression model was built to assess potential independent predictors of poor sleep quality (PSQI >5).

Results

A total of 2,635 adult individuals were included in the study (median age: 35 years, 54.1% females). Median PSQI score was 7.0 (IQR: 4.0; 65.5% of poor sleepers). Multivariate model showed that females (OR: 1.079; 95% CI: 1.041-1.119); age <55 years (OR: 1.107; 95% CI: 1.031–1.189); having a partner/roommate sleeping in another bed (OR: 1.086; 95% CI: 1.005–1.172) and in another room (OR: 1.137; 95% CI: 1.046–1.235); self-reported insomnia (OR: 1.410; 95% CI: 1.357–1.465); living in Midwest (OR: 1.125; 95% CI: 1.005-1.259), South (OR: 1.121; 95% CI: 1.015-1.239) and Southeast (OR: 1.125; 95% CI: 1.025-1.236) regions, compared to North; and smart phone/interactive media use (OR: 1.129; 95% CI: 1.088-1.171) were predictors of poor sleep quality.

Conclusion

Poor sleep quality is prevalent among the Brazilian population. Being younger, female, having a partner sleeping in another bed or room, self-reported insomnia, and smart phone/interactive media use were predictors of poor sleep quality.

Currently, a series of developing diseases in nations like India's powers to look for new answers to a continuing observation of health registry. Visiting emergency clinics has become a necessity. Even now for specialist's meeting, which has turned out to be monetarily related and a tedious procedure. Beside the above-mentioned lines, a non-stop checking of this problem is a primary need in medicinal offerings arrangements. There are some diseases which affects the quality of the lifestyle in a very slow manner. Sleep is considered to be most important activity in human day to day activities. During sleep most of the essential processes happens which benefits human body. Number of people affected by sleeping problems, is increasing due to current lifestyle. One such problem commonly found in humans is Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). There are a few frameworks for OSA recognition. Hence, this exploration displays framework for both to acknowledge and help for the treatment of OSA of aged, home alone persons by observing various factors, like sleeping position, rest status, physical activities and physical parameters just as the utilization of open information accessible in smart urban communities. Our framework engineering performs two sorts of handling. From one perspective, a pre-preparing dependent on guidelines that empowers the sending of continuous notifications to the attendee, in case of a crisis circumstance. In this paper, we discuss various tuning parameters for constructing deep learning model by using the data received from the conducted experiments.

Self-reported sleep duration and poor sleep quality are understudied determinants of cardiometabolic (CMB) health among Black populations. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis among 4,974 U.S.-born and 615 Foreign-born Black adults using a U.S. sample (2005-2016). Poisson regression models with robust variance were fit to estimate adjusted associations between self-reported sleep duration and difficulties with CMB risk factors (overweight, obesity, hypertension, diabetes). Effect modification by nativity and length of U.S. residence (Foreign-born) was assessed. Short sleep duration was associated with overweight (PR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.16) and obesity (PR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.10). Among U.S.-born adults, sleep difficulties were associated with a higher prevalence of hypertension (PR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.14). Among Foreign-born adults, longer sleep duration was associated with a lower prevalence of hypertension (PR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.89, 0.99); and short sleep duration was associated with a higher prevalence of obesity (PR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.63). Among immigrants with <10 years in the U.S., short sleep duration was associated with hypertension (PR: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.13, 2.72). Overall, short sleep duration was associated with adverse CMB health. Associations between sleep and CMB health varied by nativity. As a heterogenous group, examining within-race associations help to more accurately assess risk and target CMB interventions.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a frequently under-diagnosed sleep disorder, may lead to future poor health, performance, and wellbeing. Increased OSA prevalence has been reported in individuals who have had a head injury.

We systematically searched EMBASE, PSYCINFO, WEB OF SCIENCE, COCHRANE and PUBMED to 18th June 2022. OSA prevalence and demographic data was extracted according to PRISMA guidelines from 14 eligible studies with 6,116 participants, with study quality assessed using the modified Downs and Black Score.

Meta-analysis of proportions yielded a pooled OSA prevalence of 30.0% (95% confidence interval (CI), 24.0–36.0%) with significant heterogeneity between studies (I² = 94.4%, p<0.001). Sub-group analysis by different sports gave OSA prevalence of: American football (29% (95%CI: 22–36%); Rugby (35.0% (95%CI: 24.0–47.0%)) and ‘other contact’ sports (31% (95%CI: 24.0–37.0%)). Prevalence was higher in retired (from play) (34.0% (95%CI: 25.0–44.0%)) v current (21.0% (95%CI: 10.0–32.0%)) American football players.

The prevalence of OSA in contact sports was higher than that reported in the general population, especially in retired American Football players. Further high-quality longitudinal studies in a wider range of contact sports are required to explore OSA prevalence and its possible effects on participants performance and current and future health.

This study examined the influence of lifestyle changes made during the COVID -19 lockdown on sleep quality in a Brazilian population. We conducted an online cross-sectional study with 589 Brazilians that completed an online questionnaire about sociodemographic variables (age/status/cohabitation/education), general habits (exercise/work), and sleep quality (Mini Sleep Questionnaire). Poisson regression (log-linear) was used to examine sleep quality risk factors. 41.93% of the population reported impaired sleep quality during lockdown. Increased alcohol consumption, worsened diet quality, and use of bed for work during lockdown were risk factors for worsening sleep quality. Increased or beginning physical activity during lockdown was protective against poor sleep quality, as was male sex. Our results suggest that habit change during COVID -19 affected sleep quality in a general Brazilian population. However, it is important to be aware of whether these positive/negative habits acquired during the interdiction persist after the pandemic.

Studies have suggested that dietary composition and meal timing of night workers differs from day workers, and it may be associated with sleep disturbances. The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship of macronutrient intake and meal timing during work-days and days-off with objective and subjective parameters of sleep among overweight nurses working night shifts. This study drew on baseline data from a phase II, randomized, double-blind, crossover, controlled clinical trial. The sample comprised 39 female nursing professionals. Dietary composition was determined by food diaries for one work-day and one day-off. Sleep data was obtained by actigraphy and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Mean age was 38.2 years (SE 1 year) and mean time working the night shift was 5.8 years (SE 0.6 years). Around three-quarters of participants had sleep duration <7 h and poor quality sleep (74.4% and 79.5%, respectively). Individuals who slept <7 h had higher mean intake of animal protein on days off than those who had sleep duration ≥7 h. Total carbohydrate intake was greater on the day-off compared to the work-day, with the greatest intakes occurring between 00:00 to 05:59 and 18:00 to 23:59.