Social sciences & humanities open最新文献_第5页

The promise of employment: Migration, gender, and labour integration in Ethiopia's urban special economic zones 就业前景：埃塞俄比亚城市经济特区的移民、性别和劳动力融合

Social sciences & humanities open

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.102367

Robel Mulat

The global garment industry is known for outsourcing labour intensive production to countries with lower labour costs. This trend has led to the establishment of garment manufacturing facilities in Special Economic Zones, which has served as a major driver of economic growth in many emerging economies, including Ethiopia. These Special Economic Zones attract many migrants from rural areas seeking employment. Existing government discussion is however, largely driven by notions of export oriented growth, job creation, and technology transfer, with limited attention to the adaptation experiences of migrant workers in urban environments. This research examines how migrant workers integrate into Hawassa city, focusing on their social and economic integration processes as well as the challenges they encounter. To achieve this goal, ethnographic data were collected through participant observation, focus group discussions, and narrative interviews, which were subsequently analysed thematically. The results indicate that the majority of migrant workers are young women. The primary motivations for these women in rural areas to migrate include economic factors, patriarchal influences, and infrastructure related issues. However, their adaptation and integration process is not as easy as they expected. Despite these challenges, they are not passive victims. Instead, they employ various strategies to integrate into their host society in multifaceted ways, such as through churches, markets, and indigenous social institutions like Iddir and Equb.

全球服装业以将劳动密集型生产外包给劳动力成本较低的国家而闻名。这一趋势导致在经济特区建立服装制造设施，这已成为包括埃塞俄比亚在内的许多新兴经济体经济增长的主要推动力。这些经济特区吸引了许多来自农村地区的移民来找工作。然而，现有的政府讨论在很大程度上是由出口导向型增长、创造就业和技术转让的概念驱动的，对农民工在城市环境中的适应经验关注有限。本研究考察了农民工如何融入哈瓦萨市，重点关注他们的社会和经济融入过程以及他们遇到的挑战。为了实现这一目标，通过参与者观察、焦点小组讨论和叙述性访谈收集人种学数据，随后对这些数据进行主题分析。研究结果表明，农民工以年轻女性居多。农村地区这些妇女移徙的主要动机包括经济因素、父权影响和与基础设施有关的问题。然而，他们的适应和融入过程并不像他们想象的那么容易。尽管面临这些挑战，他们并不是被动的受害者。相反，他们采用各种策略，以多方面的方式融入东道国社会，例如通过教堂、市场和土著社会机构，如Iddir和Equb。

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引用次数: 0

Socioeconomic deprivation and mortality in megacities during the first two decades of the 21st century: A scoping review of area-based studies 21世纪头二十年特大城市的社会经济剥夺和死亡率：基于区域研究的范围审查

Social sciences & humanities open

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.102406

Mirela Barros Serafim , Ricardo Almendra , Ligia Vizeu Barrozo , Paula Santana

High mortality rates have been consistently observed in socioeconomically deprived areas, particularly within megacities. This scoping review examines the relationship between socioeconomic deprivation and mortality in area-based studies conducted in megacities during the 21st century. Peer-reviewed articles reporting both mortality data and indicators of deprivation were eligible for inclusion. Data on mortality outcomes, social determinants of health, geographical scales, methodological approaches, and key findings were charted. Of the 35 studies included, two compared multiple megacities, three employed qualitative methods, six conducted multiscale analyses within a megacity, and seventeen used multidimensional deprivation indicators. Associations between contextual poverty and mortality were primarily investigated using statistical regression models, most of which accounted for spatial dependence. Mortality was generally directly associated with socioeconomic deprivation, with some exceptions for neoplasms, breast cancer, respiratory mortality in women, cardiovascular mortality, suicide, O₃-attributable mortality, heatwave-related deaths, and accidents (excluding drug poisoning). This review highlights the influence of deprivation on mortality patterns and demonstrates how methodologies can enhance understanding of these relationships.

在社会经济贫困地区，特别是特大城市，一直观察到高死亡率。本范围审查审查了21世纪在特大城市进行的基于区域的研究中社会经济剥夺与死亡率之间的关系。报告死亡率数据和剥夺指标的同行评议文章均符合纳入条件。关于死亡率结果、健康的社会决定因素、地理范围、方法方法和主要发现的数据绘制了图表。在35项研究中，两项比较了多个特大城市，三项采用定性方法，六项在特大城市内进行了多尺度分析，十七项使用了多维剥夺指标。背景贫困与死亡率之间的关系主要通过统计回归模型进行调查，其中大多数模型考虑了空间依赖性。死亡率一般与社会经济剥夺直接相关，但肿瘤、乳腺癌、妇女呼吸系统死亡率、心血管死亡率、自杀、臭氧导致的死亡率、热浪导致的死亡和事故（不包括药物中毒）除外。这一审查突出了贫困对死亡率模式的影响，并说明了方法如何能够增进对这些关系的理解。

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引用次数: 0

Psychological factors in microtransit adoption: Evidence from a stated preference study 采用微交通的心理因素：来自一项声明偏好研究的证据

Social sciences & humanities open

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.102414

Mariana Lovato dos Santos, Ana Margarita Larranaga, Giovana Facchini, Christine Tessele Nodari, Fernando Dutra Michel

This study investigates the psychological factors influencing the adoption of microtransit services in Porto Alegre, Brazil, using a sequential Integrated Choice and Latent Variable (ICLV) modeling approach grounded in the Theory of Planned Behavior. Based on data from a stated preference and attitudinal survey, the study examines how attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and intention affect mode choice decisions. The confirmatory factor analysis revealed that attitudes toward public transport strongly influence intention, while attitudes toward automobiles, subjective norms, and perceived control showed weaker effects. Results from the ICLV models indicate that intention positively affects the likelihood of choosing collective modes, including the hypothetical microtransit option. Cost, waiting time, in-vehicle time, and walking distance significantly influenced mode choice, with waiting time perceived as the most burdensome factor. Sensitivity analysis and willingness-to-pay estimates demonstrate that users value protection from adverse conditions, particularly rain, when choosing taxis or ride-hailing services but not microtransit, likely due to unfamiliarity with the service. The findings highlight the relevance of incorporating psychological constructs into travel behavior models to design effective policies. The study offers practical insights for developing pricing strategies and attitudinal campaigns to foster sustainable mobility and guide the implementation of microtransit services in Latin American cities.

本研究采用基于计划行为理论的顺序综合选择和潜在变量（ICLV）建模方法，调查了影响巴西阿雷格里港微交通服务采用的心理因素。基于一项声明偏好和态度调查的数据，该研究考察了态度、主观规范、感知行为控制和意图如何影响模式选择决策。验证性因子分析显示，公共交通态度对意向的影响较大，而汽车态度、主观规范和感知控制的影响较小。ICLV模型的结果表明，意愿正影响选择集体模式的可能性，包括假设的微交通选项。成本、等待时间、车内时间和步行距离显著影响模式选择，其中等待时间被认为是最繁重的因素。敏感性分析和支付意愿估计表明，用户在选择出租车或网约车服务时，更重视对恶劣条件（尤其是下雨）的保护，而不是微交通，这可能是由于对服务不熟悉。研究结果强调了将心理结构纳入旅行行为模型以设计有效政策的相关性。该研究为制定价格策略和态度运动提供了实际见解，以促进可持续的流动性，并指导拉丁美洲城市微型交通服务的实施。

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引用次数: 0

Factors influencing migration intention of undergraduates in Sri Lanka: ‘About more than employment’ 影响斯里兰卡大学生移民意向的因素：“不仅仅是就业”

Social sciences & humanities open

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.102297

Rusini Marawila , Ranitha Weerarathna , Nilmini Rathnayake , Rashini Guruge , Biyoni Wehella , Tharindi Udugahapattuwa , Mano Weligodapola

The objective of this study is to examine the factors influencing Sri Lankan undergraduates' intention to migrate. Persistent economic, social, and political challenges have driven many youngsters and professionals to leave their Country of Origin (COO). The economic collapse triggered by COVID-19 further intensified this trend, leading to a sharp increase in outward migration. Recently, a growing number of Sri Lankan undergraduates and skilled professionals have expressed a strong desire to relocate abroad, often immediately after completing secondary education. For this study, a sample of 385 undergraduates from state and non-state universities across Sri Lanka was analysed. Given the national concerns of brain drain and shortages of trained and skilled workers, the study specifically focused on understanding undergraduates' aspirations to migrate. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was applied to identify and test the variables influencing migration intentions within the Sri Lankan context. The findings provide a holistic picture of the drivers of undergraduate migration. These carry important implications not only for students but also for policymakers and Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), by informing policies and strategies that could encourage young people to realise their potential within Sri Lanka rather than abroad.

摘要本研究旨在探讨影响斯里兰卡大学生移民意向的因素。持续的经济、社会和政治挑战促使许多年轻人和专业人士离开他们的原籍国。2019冠状病毒病引发的经济崩溃进一步加剧了这一趋势，导致向外移民急剧增加。最近，越来越多的斯里兰卡本科生和熟练的专业人员表达了移居国外的强烈愿望，通常是在完成中学教育后立即移居国外。在这项研究中，对来自斯里兰卡国立和非国立大学的385名本科生进行了分析。考虑到国家对人才流失和训练有素的熟练工人短缺的担忧，该研究特别侧重于了解大学生的移民愿望。结构方程模型（SEM）被用于识别和测试在斯里兰卡背景下影响迁移意图的变量。这些发现为大学生移民的驱动因素提供了一个全面的图景。这些研究不仅对学生，而且对决策者和高等教育机构（HEIs）都具有重要意义，因为它们为鼓励年轻人在斯里兰卡而不是在国外发挥潜力的政策和战略提供了信息。

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引用次数: 0

Moodle as a catalyst for English proficiency: Evidence from a mixed-methods study of non-English majors Moodle作为英语熟练程度的催化剂：来自非英语专业学生混合方法研究的证据

Social sciences & humanities open

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssaho.2026.102438

Marzuki, Bambang Yudi Cahyono, Francisca Maria Ivone, Anik Nunuk Wulyani

This study examined the effectiveness of Moodle-based instruction in improving English language proficiency among EFL students from non-English departments and explored their perceptions of specific Moodle activities that supported learning. Using an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design, forty-three undergraduate students were divided into an experimental group (Moodle-based instruction) and a control group (traditional instruction). Quantitative data from pre- and post-tests were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U test, while qualitative data from questionnaires and semi-structured interviews provided explanatory insights. Results showed that the Moodle-based group achieved significantly higher proficiency gains and more consistent CEFR-level progression than the control group. Qualitative findings revealed strong student preferences for structured and feedback-oriented modules such as Lesson, Quiz, and Forum, which fostered engagement, collaboration, and self-regulated learning. However, challenges related to usability and digital literacy affected lower-proficiency learners, underscoring the need for explicit digital scaffolding. The study concludes that Moodle shows potential to enhance English proficiency when pedagogically aligned with clear instructional design. It recommends that educators integrate structured, interactive, and supportive Moodle activities to promote equitable participation. Future research should extend this work to productive language skills and multi-institutional settings.

本研究考察了基于Moodle的教学在提高非英语系学生英语语言能力方面的有效性，并探讨了他们对支持学习的特定Moodle活动的看法。采用解释顺序混合方法设计，将43名本科生分为实验组（基于moodle的教学）和对照组（传统教学）。使用Mann-Whitney U检验分析来自前测试和后测试的定量数据，而来自问卷调查和半结构化访谈的定性数据提供解释性见解。结果显示，与对照组相比，基于moodle的组取得了显著更高的熟练程度提高和更一致的cefr水平进展。定性研究结果显示，学生对结构化和反馈导向的模块（如课程、测验和论坛）有强烈的偏好，这些模块促进了参与、合作和自我调节的学习。然而，与可用性和数字素养相关的挑战影响了熟练程度较低的学习者，强调了明确的数字脚手架的必要性。该研究的结论是，如果在教学上与清晰的教学设计相一致，Moodle显示出提高英语熟练程度的潜力。它建议教育工作者整合结构化、互动性和支持性的Moodle活动，以促进公平参与。未来的研究应该将这项工作扩展到生产性语言技能和多机构环境。

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引用次数: 0

Framing artificial intelligence adoption in state-controlled media: An analysis in Vietnamese Journalism 在国家控制的媒体框架人工智能的采用：越南新闻分析

Social sciences & humanities open

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.102425

Kieu My Hanh , Ouyang Ming , Mbonihankuye Vincent Ph.D (Lecturer (Chargé de Cours))

This study examines the framing of artificial intelligence (AI) in Vietnamese media news, focusing on its impact on content production. Using media framing theory, the research analyzes news articles from 17 major Vietnamese media outlets published between 2023 and 2024. The analysis reveals a predominantly neutral framing of AI (40 %), with emphasis on its role in enhancing content production speed and efficiency through technologies like ChatGPT, Midjourney, and Vbee. While acknowledging AI's potential to improve creativity and facilitate digital transformation, the study also identifies key challenges. These include technological limitations, ethical concerns surrounding potential misuse, and the necessity for a skilled workforce to utilize AI effectively. This pioneering research provides valuable insights into how AI is portrayed within Vietnamese media under an authoritarian context, advocating for a balanced journalistic approach that considers both the AI benefits and the ethical and practical challenges associated with AI integration.

本研究考察了越南媒体新闻中人工智能（AI）的框架，重点关注其对内容生产的影响。利用媒体框架理论，该研究分析了越南17家主要媒体在2023年至2024年间发表的新闻文章。分析显示，人工智能的框架主要是中性的（40%），重点是它在通过ChatGPT、Midjourney和Vbee等技术提高内容制作速度和效率方面的作用。在承认人工智能在提高创造力和促进数字化转型方面的潜力的同时，该研究也指出了关键挑战。其中包括技术限制、围绕潜在滥用的道德担忧，以及有效利用人工智能的熟练劳动力的必要性。这项开创性的研究为在威权背景下越南媒体如何描绘人工智能提供了有价值的见解，倡导一种平衡的新闻方法，既考虑人工智能的好处，也考虑与人工智能整合相关的道德和实践挑战。

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引用次数: 0

Defense business administration optimization: A secondary data approach with dynamic models 国防企业管理优化：具有动态模型的辅助数据方法

Social sciences & humanities open

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.102317

Arief Prayitno

Business administration plays a crucial role in supporting national defense, especially through budget management, operational efficiency, and procurement of goods/services. Effective management ensures that strategic resources can be optimally utilized to improve military readiness and resilience of the defense sector in facing domestic and global challenges. This study uses secondary data covering historical trends of budget, efficiency, and procurement of goods/services over the past two decades. By applying dynamic models such as the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) and using EViews software, this study explores the long-term and short-term relationships between key variables contributing to defense business administration. The results show a significant trend of increasing defense budget and operational efficiency, supported by an increasingly structured procurement management system. In addition, the findings reveal the importance of data-driven technology in improving efficiency, while transparency in budget management can reduce the negative impact of corruption. External factors such as geopolitical situations and economic pressures are also found to influence policy priorities in the defense sector. The relevance of this study lies in its contribution to data-driven policy strategies, which aim to improve operational efficiency, transparency, and sustainability of defense sector management. With recommendations to integrate modern technologies and adopt more adaptive policies, this study provides an important foundation for the development of a more effective defense business administration in Indonesia.

工商管理在支持国防方面发挥着至关重要的作用，特别是在预算管理、运营效率和货物/服务采购方面。有效的管理确保战略资源能够得到最佳利用，以提高国防部门在面对国内和全球挑战时的军事准备和应变能力。本研究使用的二手数据涵盖了过去二十年来预算、效率和商品/服务采购的历史趋势。通过应用动态模型，如矢量误差修正模型（VECM）和使用EViews软件，本研究探讨了有助于国防企业管理的关键变量之间的长期和短期关系。结果显示，在日益结构化的采购管理系统的支持下，国防预算和作战效率显著增加。此外，研究结果揭示了数据驱动技术在提高效率方面的重要性，而预算管理的透明度可以减少腐败的负面影响。地缘政治局势和经济压力等外部因素也会影响国防部门的政策优先事项。本研究的相关性在于其对数据驱动的政策战略的贡献，该战略旨在提高国防部门管理的运营效率、透明度和可持续性。通过建议整合现代技术和采用更具适应性的政策，本研究为印度尼西亚发展更有效的国防企业管理提供了重要基础。

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引用次数: 0

Corpus Fractum: Metaphors we hurt by 语料库断裂：我们受伤的隐喻

Social sciences & humanities open

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.102327

Shan Zhang

This study examines how differences in the salience of the concept of self in Chinese and American cultural contexts influence metaphorical expressions related to the “broken body” in Chinese and English. The metaphors analyzed in this paper draw on the concept of bodily disintegration, associated with the verbs 破 (pò)/break and 碎 (suì)/shatter, as the source domain. Data were collected from authoritative dictionaries and two large corpora: the Center for Chinese Linguistics (CCL) and the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA). Preliminary quantitative and qualitative analyses indicate that “broken body” metaphors are more frequent and diverse in the Chinese data than in the English data. Notably, Chinese metaphors involving 碎 (suì, ‘shatter’) often imply self-sacrifice for the collective good—an implication that is rarely observed in the English data. These metaphorical patterns appear to reflect broader cultural differences. In Chinese culture, where the concept of self is more relational and less individually centered, self-realization is understood as attainable only within the context of social harmony and collective integrity. Consequently, damage to bodily wholeness is perceived as especially destructive, symbolizing a rupture in this interconnectedness. In contrast, Western culture tends to conceptualize the self as autonomous and independent, which may contribute to a diminished emphasis on the metaphorical significance of bodily integrity. This orientation is reflected in the relatively limited use of “broken body” metaphors in the English data.

本研究探讨了中美文化语境中自我概念的显著性差异对英汉“破碎的身体”隐喻表达的影响。本文分析的隐喻借鉴了身体解体的概念，并将动词“（pò）/break”和“（suì）/shatter”作为源域。数据来源于权威词典和两个大型语料库：中国语言学中心（CCL）和当代美国英语语料库（COCA）。初步的定量和定性分析表明，“断体”隐喻在汉语数据中比在英语数据中更为频繁和多样。值得注意的是，涉及到suì（粉碎）的汉语隐喻往往意味着为了集体利益而自我牺牲——这在英语数据中很少观察到。这些隐喻模式似乎反映了更广泛的文化差异。在中国文化中，自我的概念更多地是关系性的，而不是以个人为中心的，自我实现被理解为只有在社会和谐和集体完整的背景下才能实现。因此，对身体完整性的损害被认为是特别具有破坏性的，象征着这种相互联系的破裂。相比之下，西方文化倾向于将自我概念化为自主和独立，这可能会减少对身体完整的隐喻意义的强调。这种倾向体现在英语资料中“断体”隐喻的使用相对有限。

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引用次数: 0

Determinants of agricultural household poverty in agroecological zones: Highlands vs. lowlands in East Java 农业生态区农户贫困的决定因素：东爪哇高地与低地

Social sciences & humanities open

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.102416

Adip Wahyudi , Ifan Deffinika , I Komang Astina , Feri Fahrian Maulana , Dynda Prista , Moch. Dimas Galuh Mahardika , Muhammad Asyrofi Al Kindy

There are notable differences in poverty between the lowland and highland agroecological zones in East Javan agricultural households. Geographic isolation, land fragmentation, and unequal access to infrastructure and technology all play a role in worsening poverty. This study uses raw data from the 2023 Agricultural Census and applies binary logistic regression to explore what factors contribute to poverty among farming households. The results show that poverty is more likely to occur in households led by someone under 40 years old (OR: 1.822), with low levels of education (OR: 1.378), with five or more family members (OR: 5.378), those working in informal jobs, owning little or no land, and not using modern technology. The impact is especially strong in certain areas: in the highland regions of Batu, Malang, Magetan, Bondowoso, and Lumajang, poverty risk is over seven times higher (OR: 7.052) due to a combination of these challenges and population pressure. On the other hand, technology adoption lowers poverty by 78 % (OR: 0.221) in the lowland regions of Lamongan, Bojonegoro, Sidoarjo, Probolinggo, and Pasuruan. Interestingly, while extended working hours significantly reduce poverty in lowland areas supported by better infrastructure, they fail to mitigate poverty in mountainous regions due to land degradation. Targeted interventions, highland infrastructure rehabilitation, and lowland areas' accelerated agricultural digitalization are the main policy implications.

东爪哇低地和高地农业生态区农户的贫困状况存在显著差异。地理隔离、土地碎片化以及获得基础设施和技术的机会不平等都在加剧贫困方面发挥了作用。本研究使用2023年农业普查的原始数据，并运用二元逻辑回归来探讨农户贫困的因素。结果表明，家庭成员年龄在40岁以下（OR: 1.822）、受教育程度较低（OR: 1.378）、家庭成员在5人以上（OR: 5.378）、从事非正式工作、拥有很少或没有土地、不使用现代技术的家庭更容易发生贫困。这种影响在某些地区尤其强烈：在巴图、玛琅、马吉丹、邦多沃索和卢马江的高地地区，由于这些挑战和人口压力的综合作用，贫困风险高出七倍以上（OR: 7.052）。另一方面，在Lamongan、Bojonegoro、Sidoarjo、Probolinggo和Pasuruan等低地地区，技术的采用使贫困降低了78% （OR: 0.221）。有趣的是，虽然延长工作时间在更好的基础设施支持下显著减少了低地地区的贫困，但由于土地退化，它们未能减轻山区的贫困。有针对性的干预措施、高原基础设施的修复和低地地区农业数字化的加速是主要的政策影响。

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引用次数: 0

What are the challenges facing the use of ChatGPT in the Bahrain public sector? 在巴林公共部门使用ChatGPT面临哪些挑战？

Social sciences & humanities open

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.102388

Sharifah Alharoon , Fairouz Aldhmour

The Kingdom of Bahrain is expanding its investment in artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in an attempt to improve productivity in all sectors. This study used the technology acceptance model (TAM) to explore the challenges facing the use of a popular AI tool (ChatGPT) in the Bahrain public sector. The study gathers qualitative data based on a series of semi-structured interviews with 10 experts with extensive experience in AI and in Bahrain's public sector. Thematic analysis is used to derive conclusions. The key findings are that the primary barrier to the adoption of ChatGPT in Bahrain's public sector is privacy and security concerns. Other barriers, such as cost and training needs, were found to be either weak or easily overcome.

巴林王国正在扩大对人工智能（AI）技术的投资，试图提高所有部门的生产率。本研究使用技术接受模型（TAM）来探索在巴林公共部门使用流行的人工智能工具（ChatGPT）所面临的挑战。该研究基于对10位在人工智能和巴林公共部门拥有丰富经验的专家进行的一系列半结构化访谈，收集了定性数据。通过主题分析得出结论。主要发现是，巴林公共部门采用ChatGPT的主要障碍是隐私和安全问题。其他障碍，例如费用和培训需要，不是很弱就是很容易克服。

引用次数: 0