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Implementation and benefits of hybrid methodology: Flipped classroom and project-based learning in mechanical engineering courses 混合教学法的实施与效益:机械工程课程中翻转课堂与专案学习
Pub Date : 2023-11-05 DOI: 10.1177/03064190231209989
Rafael Bolivar, Neyl Richard Triviño Jaimes, Edgard Aureliando Gonzalez
This research article introduces a hybrid methodology encompassing project-based learning (PjBL) and flipped classroom (FC) approaches. It is aimed to advance the comprehension of the implementation and benefits of FC and PjBL methodologies, particularly within engineering education. The hybrid methodology was implemented in a Mechanical Engineering program during the first semester of 2022. It was designed to address synchronous class restrictions caused by the pandemic, leading to online classes via the Microsoft Teams platform. The population consisted of 101 students from various semesters and courses. Implementation involved quizzes, workshops, a classroom project, and personal challenges as evaluation activities. The FC materials included explanatory videos, solved problems, readings, and slides. These materials were organised on the Moodle platform. The research employed quantitative and qualitative methodologies, formulating five hypotheses and designing a 14-indicator survey. The data were analysed using statistical methods such as Cronbach's alpha, Guttman's split-half, Kolmogorov–Smirnov, KMO analysis, Bartlett's test, principal component analysis, Kruskal–Wallis ANOVA, and Spearman's rho. Results indicated excellent reliability of the survey indicators, non-parametric data, and good adequacy of the proposed structure. Analysis indicated that the implementation of this methodology leads to significant benefits in terms of satisfaction, emotional engagement and stimulation levels, resulting in more effective learning and preference over the traditional approach. The perception of technology, timing, and content of videos varied among different courses. Positive comments from students supported the benefits of the hybrid methodology. It was recommended to improve the selection and quality of study materials.
这篇研究文章介绍了一种包含基于项目的学习(PjBL)和翻转课堂(FC)方法的混合方法。它的目的是促进对FC和PjBL方法的实施和好处的理解,特别是在工程教育中。该混合方法于2022年第一学期在机械工程项目中实施。它的设计是为了解决大流行造成的同步课程限制,导致通过微软团队平台在线课程。调查对象包括来自不同学期和课程的101名学生。实施包括测验、工作坊、课堂计划和个人挑战作为评估活动。FC材料包括解释性视频、解题、阅读材料和幻灯片。这些材料是在Moodle平台上组织的。本研究采用定量和定性相结合的方法,提出了5个假设,设计了一个14个指标的调查。使用Cronbach’s alpha、Guttman’s split-half、Kolmogorov-Smirnov、KMO分析、Bartlett检验、主成分分析、Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA和Spearman’s rho等统计方法对数据进行分析。结果表明,调查指标、非参数数据具有良好的可靠性,所提出的结构具有良好的充分性。分析表明,这种方法的实施在满意度、情感投入和刺激水平方面带来了显著的好处,导致比传统方法更有效的学习和偏好。对技术、时间和视频内容的理解在不同的课程中有所不同。学生们的积极评价支持了这种混合方法的好处。建议改进研究材料的选择和质量。
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引用次数: 0
An integrated e-learning approach for teaching statics to undergraduate engineering students 工程本科学生静力学教学的综合电子学习方法
Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.1177/03064190231209332
Shameel Abdulla, Muhammad Nafees, Sami El-Borgi, Arun Srinivasa
Free body diagrams are a pictorial representation of a body with forces acting on it. Developing the skill to draw and interpret free body diagrams is imperative in an engineering curriculum as it helps students visualize and comprehend the problem. Engineering students tend to have difficulty using free body diagrams due to a lack of spatial understanding, especially when dealing with three-dimensional static problems. Students are often required to draw free body diagram on paper as part of their problem solutions. While this approach is adequate, it still does not allow students to interact with and develop a deeper understanding of free body diagrams. Educational tools developed to build on the understanding of free body diagrams are either limited to a two-dimensional space or does not provide students a comprehensive platform to completely solve a static problem. In this paper, the authors propose a digital platform that allows students to solve both two and three-dimensional free body diagrams for unknown forces. The platform incorporates Merrill’s Principles of Learning and a clear workflow diagram to assist students in better understanding free body diagrams. The proposed solution also presents an improved feedback system to improve the learning experience of students. Furthermore, the proposed solution addresses the needs of instructors by providing them the means to analyze their students’ performance at different stages of the problems.
自由物体图是物体受力作用的图形表示。开发绘制和解释自由体图的技能在工程课程中是必不可少的,因为它可以帮助学生可视化和理解问题。由于缺乏对空间的理解,工科学生在使用自由体图时往往会遇到困难,尤其是在处理三维静态问题时。学生经常被要求在纸上自由绘制身体图,作为解决问题的一部分。虽然这种方法是足够的,但它仍然不允许学生与自由身体图进行交互并发展更深层次的理解。基于对自由体图的理解而开发的教育工具要么局限于二维空间,要么不能为学生提供一个全面的平台来完全解决静态问题。在本文中,作者提出了一个数字平台,允许学生解决未知力的二维和三维自由体图。该平台结合了美林的学习原理和一个清晰的工作流程图,以帮助学生更好地理解免费的身体图。提出的解决方案还提出了一个改进的反馈系统,以改善学生的学习体验。此外,提出的解决方案通过为教师提供分析学生在问题的不同阶段的表现的方法来满足教师的需求。
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引用次数: 0
Active learning modules for a numerical methods course 数值方法课程的主动学习模块
Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.1177/03064190231205368
Matthew R Haney, Heather E Dillon, Jakob Kotas
Education research has suggested that students who receive a wider variety of sensory inputs during the learning process will be able to make more connections and more deeply understand course content. To this end, three physical hands-on laboratory learning modules were designed for a computational numerical methods course to help students develop intuition for physical systems, to allow for a comparison of real data against numerical solutions of physics equations, and to increase student engagement. These modules were designed to reinforce specific topics covered in the numerical methods curriculum, including numerical differentiation and numerical solution of ordinary differential equations. Pre- and post-tests showed an increase in student knowledge after module completion. In addition, end-of-term surveys showed that a strong majority of students believed modules helped them visualize and understand key numerical methods concepts, and that most would be interested in learning new material with similar modules in the future.
教育研究表明,在学习过程中接受更多种感官输入的学生将能够建立更多的联系,并更深刻地理解课程内容。为此,我们为计算数值方法课程设计了三个物理动手实验学习模块,以帮助学生培养对物理系统的直觉,允许将真实数据与物理方程的数值解进行比较,并提高学生的参与度。这些模块旨在加强数值方法课程中涵盖的特定主题,包括常微分方程的数值微分和数值解。前测试和后测试表明,学生的知识在模块完成后有所增加。此外,期末调查显示,绝大多数学生认为模块帮助他们可视化和理解关键的数值方法概念,并且大多数人有兴趣在未来学习类似模块的新材料。
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引用次数: 0
Enhancing user experience and usability in engineering education: A comparative analysis of multiple functions and tangible user interfaces 增强工程教育中的用户体验和可用性:多功能和有形用户界面的比较分析
Pub Date : 2023-10-04 DOI: 10.1177/03064190231205415
Manjit Singh Sidhu, Jee Geak Ying
A study was conducted at University Tenaga Nasional to compare engineering students’ preferences in using augmented reality technology user interface (UI) applications to solve selected engineering problems. The study utilized a cross-sectional design and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test approach within a controlled environment to analyse the difference in rankings of engineering applications. The study also measured learnability and assessed the software quality using questionnaire for user interaction satisfaction. The multiple function UI was found to be statistically significant more effective than the tangible user interface (TUI) for engineering students. The study provides reliable evidence that multiple function UI is a better option in engineering education than TUI.
Tenaga国立大学进行了一项研究,比较了工科学生在使用增强现实技术用户界面(UI)应用程序解决选定工程问题时的偏好。该研究在受控环境中采用了横断面设计和Wilcoxon符号秩检验方法来分析工程应用排名的差异。研究还测量了可学习性,并使用用户交互满意度问卷评估了软件质量。对工科学生来说,多功能UI比有形用户界面(TUI)更有效。该研究提供了可靠的证据,证明多功能用户界面是工程教育中比用户界面更好的选择。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of 3D-printed laboratory equipment in vibrations and controls courses on student engineering identity, motivation, and mindset 振动与控制课程中3d打印实验室设备对学生工程身份、动机和心态的影响
Pub Date : 2023-10-03 DOI: 10.1177/03064190231205013
Tris Utschig, Ayse Tekes, Maureen Linden
This paper describes the implementation of innovative 3D-printed laboratory equipment linked to inquiry-based learning activities designed to improve learning, increase engineering identity and motivation, and foster a growth mindset in students taking undergraduate level mechanical vibrations courses, control theory courses, and associated laboratories. These innovative designs create new opportunities for hands-on learning, are low-cost, portable, and can be adapted for use in multiple science and engineering disciplines. The learning activities are based on the POGIL model, which has been used across a variety of disciplines including engineering. We describe the features of three separate devices (spring-connected sliding carts, compliant parallel arms with fixed-free ends and a slider mass, and a pendulum with variable tip load) implemented using a quasi-experimental approach with 510 duplicated students across three semesters during the COVID-19 pandemic in multiple lecture courses and laboratory sections. We also present an assessment of impact based on descriptive statistical analyses of survey data for student-reported learning gains and pre-post paired comparison tests on validated instruments measuring perceptions of engineering identity, engineering motivation, and growth mindset. Further, we conducted a student focus group and include salient instructor observations. Results show most students participating in the learning activities using these devices report that it supported their learning “a lot” or “a great deal.” In addition, on six of seven surveyed learning outcomes, most students reported feeling confident enough to complete them on their own or even teach them to someone else. Our data did not show a measurable impact on engineering identity, engineering motivation, or growth mindset, though it does suggest further investigation is merited.
本文介绍了创新的3d打印实验室设备的实施,该设备与基于探究的学习活动相关联,旨在改善学习,增加工程身份和动机,并培养学生在本科机械振动课程,控制理论课程和相关实验室中的成长心态。这些创新的设计为动手学习创造了新的机会,成本低,便携,并且可以适用于多种科学和工程学科。学习活动基于POGIL模型,该模型已用于包括工程在内的各种学科。我们描述了三个独立设备的特征(弹簧连接的滑动车,具有固定自由端和滑动质量的柔性平行臂,以及具有可变尖载荷的钟摆),在COVID-19大流行期间的三个学期中,在多个讲座课程和实验室部分使用准实验方法实现了510名重复学生。我们还对学生报告的学习收益的调查数据进行了描述性统计分析,并对测量工程身份、工程动机和成长心态的有效工具进行了前后配对比较测试,从而对影响进行了评估。此外,我们进行了一个学生焦点小组,包括突出的教师观察。结果显示,大多数使用这些设备参与学习活动的学生报告说,它们对他们的学习“有很大”或“很大”的帮助。此外,在七项被调查的学习成果中,有六项显示,大多数学生都有足够的信心自己完成,甚至可以教别人。我们的数据没有显示出对工程身份、工程动机或成长心态的可测量影响,尽管它确实表明值得进一步调查。
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引用次数: 0
Pattern recognition as a learning strategy in the study of engineering dynamics 模式识别作为工程动力学研究中的一种学习策略
Pub Date : 2023-09-29 DOI: 10.1177/03064190231203692
Simon Li, Kashif Raza, Ahmad Ghasemloonia, Catherine Chua
As engineering dynamics remains a difficult subject to teach and learn, this study was initiated by an observation from the authors’ experience of how students pass dynamics without necessarily understanding all the fundamental concepts. This observation motivates the research on ‘pattern recognition’ as a learning strategy that emphasizes practising sample problems and solving similar problems in assessments. This research consisted of two parts. First, we analysed the notion of pattern recognition from two angles: (a) how it is contrasted with conceptual understanding in view of mental simulation and (b) how it is defined in the fields of computer science and cognitive psychology. We found that pattern recognition could be characterized using three features: (a) use of sample cases, (b) learning through practice, and (c) emphasis on correct patterns. Subsequently, we conducted a survey to identify evidence of pattern recognition from students as their learning strategy. With Cronbach’s alpha coefficient value at 0.649, a moderate but acceptable value, we discovered that our survey instrument was able to distinguish learners who tend to use pattern recognition as a strategy to solve problems, which is considered reasonable for a pilot investigation. We also found evidence that learners using pattern recognition tend to emphasize practice problems and memorization and de-emphasize the learning of fundamental concepts. We consider that pattern recognition could provide a new aspect to understand how learners learn technical subjects in engineering education.
由于工程动力学仍然是一门难以教授和学习的学科,这项研究是由作者的观察经验发起的,即学生如何在没有必要理解所有基本概念的情况下通过动力学。这一观察激发了对“模式识别”的研究,将其作为一种学习策略,强调在评估中练习示例问题和解决类似问题。本研究由两部分组成。首先,我们从两个角度分析了模式识别的概念:(a)如何将其与心理模拟的概念理解进行对比;(b)如何在计算机科学和认知心理学领域对其进行定义。我们发现模式识别可以用三个特征来描述:(a)使用样本案例,(b)通过实践学习,(c)强调正确的模式。随后,我们进行了一项调查,以确定学生模式识别的证据作为他们的学习策略。Cronbach的alpha系数值为0.649,是一个适中但可以接受的值,我们发现我们的调查工具能够区分出倾向于使用模式识别作为解决问题的策略的学习者,这被认为是合理的试点调查。我们还发现,使用模式识别的学习者倾向于强调实践问题和记忆,而不强调基本概念的学习。我们认为模式识别可以为理解学习者如何在工程教育中学习技术科目提供一个新的方面。
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引用次数: 0
How to solve engineering problems involving turbulent drag: Exact, asymptotic analytical and numerical techniques 如何解决涉及湍流阻力的工程问题:精确的、渐近的解析和数值技术
Pub Date : 2023-09-20 DOI: 10.1177/03064190231202931
Marco Rosales-Vera
The movement of a body subjected to a drag force proportional to the square of the velocity is of great importance in the field of mechanical engineering, since it is a realistic model in the regime of high velocity of the flow. In this paper, the trajectory of a projectile in quasi-vertical launch with quadratic drag is analyzed using the technique of matched asymptotic expansions. Through the asymptotic analysis, approximate analytical expressions for the projectile movement are found. The asymptotic solutions are compared with exact numerical results.
物体在阻力与速度的平方成正比的作用下的运动在机械工程领域具有重要意义,因为它是高速流动状态下的现实模型。本文利用匹配渐近展开技术,对具有二次阻力的准垂直发射弹丸的弹道进行了分析。通过渐近分析,得到了弹丸运动的近似解析表达式。将渐近解与精确数值结果进行了比较。
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引用次数: 0
Development of a proof-of-concept prototype amid limited face-to-face interactions: A case study of an engineering two-student team 在有限的面对面互动中开发概念验证原型:一个工程两名学生团队的案例研究
Pub Date : 2023-09-11 DOI: 10.1177/03064190231200397
Luis Medina Uzcátegui, José Mardones Fernández, Alex Pailapán Neicuán, Miguel Cárdenas Villegas
The COVID-19 crisis has necessitated the exploration of alternative learning methodologies to address the challenges of online education, especially in the context of teamwork. This case study examined the effectiveness of a small student team through a project focused on designing, fabricating, and testing a proof-of-concept prototype, specifically a Level 3 prototype according to the technology readiness level (TRL) scale. The project was predominantly carried out under the restrictions imposed by the pandemic. The student team consisted of two undergraduate engineering students with prior experience in project-based learning (PBL) courses. The effectiveness of this teamwork in the current project was found to be strongly influenced by attributes such as shared goals and values, commitment to team success, constructive feedback, and accountability. However, the students’ previous experiences in larger teams indicated that characteristics such as ideal team composition, leadership, and open communication were more prominent in those contexts. While team size may explain these differences, further research is necessary to establish definitive conclusions. The contributions of each student to the teamwork were characterized by independence and self-pacing, which played a crucial role in achieving the desired project outcomes. In conclusion, this case study emphasizes the importance of adapting to remote teamwork scenarios and provides strategies for effective project management. The findings highlight the significance of shared goals, commitment, feedback, and accountability in fostering effective teamwork. Moreover, the contributions of independence and self-pacing were instrumental in navigating the challenges posed by limited face-to-face interactions. Future research should investigate the impact of team size on team dynamics, the development of self-regulation skills in similar contexts, and the dynamics of teamwork when students lack experience in a PBL course. These investigations will contribute to a comprehensive understanding of effective teamwork strategies in diverse educational settings. The insights gained from this study contribute to the ongoing discussion on effective teamwork strategies in remote learning environments.
COVID-19危机要求探索替代学习方法,以应对在线教育的挑战,特别是在团队合作的背景下。本案例研究通过一个专注于设计、制造和测试概念验证原型的项目,考察了一个小型学生团队的有效性,特别是根据技术准备水平(TRL)规模的3级原型。该项目主要是在大流行病施加的限制下进行的。学生团队由两名具有项目学习(PBL)课程经验的工科本科生组成。在当前项目中,团队合作的有效性受到诸如共同目标和价值观、对团队成功的承诺、建设性反馈和责任等属性的强烈影响。然而,学生之前在大型团队中的经历表明,理想的团队组成、领导能力和开放的沟通等特征在这些环境中更为突出。虽然团队规模可以解释这些差异,但需要进一步的研究才能得出明确的结论。每个学生对团队合作的贡献都具有独立性和自我节奏的特点,这在实现预期的项目成果方面发挥了至关重要的作用。总之,本案例研究强调了适应远程团队协作场景的重要性,并提供了有效的项目管理策略。研究结果强调了共同目标、承诺、反馈和责任在培养有效团队合作中的重要性。此外,独立性和自我节奏的贡献有助于应对有限的面对面互动所带来的挑战。未来的研究应探讨团队规模对团队动态的影响,在类似情境下自我调节技能的发展,以及学生缺乏PBL课程经验时团队合作的动态。这些调查将有助于全面了解在不同教育环境中有效的团队合作策略。从本研究中获得的见解有助于正在进行的关于远程学习环境中有效团队合作策略的讨论。
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引用次数: 0
Engineering students knowledge level on renewable energy resources: Bangladesh military engineering institute context 工科学生对可再生能源的知识水平:孟加拉国军事工程学院背景
Pub Date : 2023-09-10 DOI: 10.1177/03064190231199842
Md Insiat Islam Rabby, Md Wasi Uddin, Mohammad Tarequl Islam, Dipto Paul, Fabliha Islam
The aim of this study is to determine the Engineering students’ knowledge on Renewable Energy (RE) resources. An online survey through proving Google form was conducted by using descriptive methodology. The participants for the survey were the engineering undergraduate students from Military Institute of Science and Technology (MIST), Dhaka, Bangladesh. A set of e-questionnaire with 19 items including 4 demographic and 15 knowledge measuring items was developed to collect data from the MIST undergraduate students. A total of 153 students responded to the survey. The demographic results indicated that male students of first and third study year with 20 to 30 years of age range from mechanical or industrial and production-engineering fields of study are the maximum respondents to the survey of this study. The main findings of the study highlighted that engineering students at MIST possess a higher level of understanding about various aspects of renewable energy, including solar energy, geothermal energy, wind energy, biogas energy, laws and policies of renewable energy (RE), establishment of RE, sources of information for RE, and the application of renewable energy in Bangladesh. Since the mean score for the questions was 3.72, reflecting a knowledge level between neutrality and agreement, the majority of the students responded positively to all the questions, indicating their strong grasp of these topics. The results also revealed that female students had a good understanding of renewable energy compared to male students, with an average score of 3.83 for females and 3.69 for males. Additionally, the study found that 3rd-year students displayed the highest level of understanding, while 1st-year students exhibited the lowest level of comprehension regarding renewable energy resources.
本研究的目的是确定工程专业学生对可再生能源(RE)资源的知识。采用描述性方法,通过验证谷歌表格进行在线调查。调查对象为来自孟加拉国达卡军事科学技术学院(MIST)的工科本科生。设计了一套包含19个项目的电子问卷,其中包括4个人口统计项目和15个知识测量项目。共有153名学生参与了调查。人口统计结果显示,年龄在20 - 30岁之间的机械或工业与生产工程专业的一年级和三年级男生是本研究调查的最大受访者。该研究的主要发现强调,MIST的工程专业学生对可再生能源的各个方面有更高的了解,包括太阳能、地热能、风能、沼气能源、可再生能源的法律和政策、可再生能源的建立、可再生能源的信息来源以及可再生能源在孟加拉国的应用。由于问题的平均得分为3.72,反映了中立和同意之间的知识水平,大多数学生对所有问题都做出了积极的回应,表明他们对这些话题的掌握程度很高。结果还显示,与男生相比,女生对可再生能源的了解程度更高,女生的平均得分为3.83分,男生为3.69分。此外,研究发现,三年级学生对可再生能源的理解水平最高,而一年级学生对可再生能源的理解水平最低。
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引用次数: 0
A build-at-home student laboratory experiment in mechanical vibrations 一个学生自制的机械振动实验
Pub Date : 2021-06-29 DOI: 10.1177/03064190211025954
G. Schajer
The Covid-19 pandemic has caused many university educators to redesign their teaching to online delivery. This can be an effective approach for theoretical and conceptual teaching, but it is challenging to provide practical laboratory experiences. The objective here is to design a hands-on laboratory experience that can safely be undertaken by students remotely and that has substantial educational content. A new experiment was designed featuring a bifilar pendulum that students build themselves from readily available low-cost materials. This simple vibrating system has a surprisingly rich set of interesting physical characteristics that provide several important learning points. Initial trials indicate good student experience with the new experiment, notably an appreciation for the “do-it-yourself” aspect of the apparatus construction. The self-directed features and multiple learning features of the new student experiment make it attractive for use during Covid-19 times and beyond.
新冠肺炎疫情导致许多大学教育工作者将教学方式重新设计为在线授课。这可能是理论和概念教学的有效方法,但提供实际的实验室经验是具有挑战性的。这里的目标是设计一个动手实验室的经验,可以安全地由学生远程承担,并有大量的教育内容。设计了一个新的实验,学生们用现成的低成本材料自己制作一个双线摆。这个简单的振动系统有着令人惊讶的丰富有趣的物理特性,提供了几个重要的学习点。初步试验表明,学生对新实验有良好的体验,特别是对仪器构造的“自己动手”方面的欣赏。新学生实验的自我导向特征和多种学习特征使其在Covid-19期间和以后的使用具有吸引力。
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引用次数: 4
期刊
The International journal of mechanical engineering education
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