Prematurity and low birth weight [LBW] children account for approximately 7-17% of all live births. They are prone to several medical complications during the antenatal and postnatal period which may adversely affect the development of oral tissues. The purpose of the study was to study the prevalence of enamel defects in prematurely born LBW and very low birth weight children [VLBW] in Indian population. The study was made on children between 9 months to 35 months of age. This study shows that the prevalence of enamel defects increases with decreasing birth weight. The prevalence in VLBW children [weight 2.5 kg] was 74.1%, 26.5% and 18% respectively. In very low birth weight children left sided defect occurred twice as frequently as right sided defects; probably the result of trauma from left sided laryngoscopy.
{"title":"Effect Of Low Birth Weight And Very Low Birth Weight On Primary Dentition In The Indian Population","authors":"R. Bansal, R. Bansal, Anshu Sharma, Gd Sidram","doi":"10.5580/2cc6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/2cc6","url":null,"abstract":"Prematurity and low birth weight [LBW] children account for approximately 7-17% of all live births. They are prone to several medical complications during the antenatal and postnatal period which may adversely affect the development of oral tissues. The purpose of the study was to study the prevalence of enamel defects in prematurely born LBW and very low birth weight children [VLBW] in Indian population. The study was made on children between 9 months to 35 months of age. This study shows that the prevalence of enamel defects increases with decreasing birth weight. The prevalence in VLBW children [weight 2.5 kg] was 74.1%, 26.5% and 18% respectively. In very low birth weight children left sided defect occurred twice as frequently as right sided defects; probably the result of trauma from left sided laryngoscopy.","PeriodicalId":75037,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of pediatrics and neonatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70822053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background : Neonatal tetanus (NNT) though preventable, remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries like Nigeria.Objective: A study was carried out in the Paediatrics unit of the Niger Delta University Teaching Hospital (NDUTH), Bayelsa State, Nigeria to highlight the burden of NNT in the state and proffer solutions which may be useful in its eradication.Methodology: Over a 5 year period (from May 2007 to April 2012), all cases of NNT admitted into the Paediatrics unit of the NDUTH were retrospectively studied.Results: A total of 4780 children were admitted during the study period. Neonatal tetanus accounted for 40 (0.84%) of these admissions, with a male to female ratio of 1:2, and a mean age of 8.3 days. Thirty four (77.3%) of the mothers had no antenatal care and delivered outside health facilities. Razor blade was used to cut the umbilical cord in 37.5% of the cases and hair thread was used to tie the cord in 15.0%. Seventeen (42.5%) of the mothers had no formal education. Fifteen of the 40 patients died, giving a case fatality rate of 37.5%. The case fatality rate for males (46.2%) was higher than that for females (33.3%). NNT accounted for 3.5% of all Paediatric deaths and 9.0% of neonatal deaths. Conclusion: NNT is still a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in this environment. Efforts aimed at eradication of this social scourge should be intensified and more efforts should be geared towards improving the anti-tetanus vaccine coverage rate of all women even before they get to child bearing age.
{"title":"Neonatal Tetanus At The Niger Delta University Teaching Hospital: A 5 Year Retrospective Study","authors":"O. Peterside, C. Duru, B. O. George","doi":"10.5580/2cb5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/2cb5","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Neonatal tetanus (NNT) though preventable, remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries like Nigeria.Objective: A study was carried out in the Paediatrics unit of the Niger Delta University Teaching Hospital (NDUTH), Bayelsa State, Nigeria to highlight the burden of NNT in the state and proffer solutions which may be useful in its eradication.Methodology: Over a 5 year period (from May 2007 to April 2012), all cases of NNT admitted into the Paediatrics unit of the NDUTH were retrospectively studied.Results: A total of 4780 children were admitted during the study period. Neonatal tetanus accounted for 40 (0.84%) of these admissions, with a male to female ratio of 1:2, and a mean age of 8.3 days. Thirty four (77.3%) of the mothers had no antenatal care and delivered outside health facilities. Razor blade was used to cut the umbilical cord in 37.5% of the cases and hair thread was used to tie the cord in 15.0%. Seventeen (42.5%) of the mothers had no formal education. Fifteen of the 40 patients died, giving a case fatality rate of 37.5%. The case fatality rate for males (46.2%) was higher than that for females (33.3%). NNT accounted for 3.5% of all Paediatric deaths and 9.0% of neonatal deaths. Conclusion: NNT is still a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in this environment. Efforts aimed at eradication of this social scourge should be intensified and more efforts should be geared towards improving the anti-tetanus vaccine coverage rate of all women even before they get to child bearing age.","PeriodicalId":75037,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of pediatrics and neonatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70822037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Fajolu, V. Ezeaka, O. J. Elumelu, O. Onabajo, C. Ananti, E. Iroha, M. Egri-Okwaji
Osteogenesis imperfecta is a generalized disorder of connective tissue especially the bones and is the commonest cause of osteoporosis and lethal short-limbed dwarfism. We report a case of type II osteogenesis imperfecta in a set of Nigerian monochorionic twins.The twins were female and delivered by emergency caesarean section at term, Twin 1 had a length of 46cm (both below 3 percentile), blue sclera, frog leg like posture, with widened anterior and posterior fontanelles with metopic and sagittal sutural diastases. There were multiple abnormal angulations and tender swellings of the upper and lower limbs, a short ribcage with Pectus excavatum and was dyspnoeic. Skeletal survey showed multiple healed fractures, with callus formation affecting all long bones with fresh unhealed fractures of the left humerus, radius, ulna & right tibia and fibula in the first twin and fractures of the left tibia in the second twin. There was no family history of similar condition and there was no consanguinity. The babies were managed conservatively and discharged for follow up.This is to remind physicians that though Ostegenesis imperfecta can be autosomally and recessively inherited, spontaneous mutations can also occur and that the more lethal types II and III may be commoner in Nigeria.
{"title":"Osteogenesis Imperfecta In A Set Of Nigerian Twins – A Case Report","authors":"I. Fajolu, V. Ezeaka, O. J. Elumelu, O. Onabajo, C. Ananti, E. Iroha, M. Egri-Okwaji","doi":"10.5580/2c29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/2c29","url":null,"abstract":"Osteogenesis imperfecta is a generalized disorder of connective tissue especially the bones and is the commonest cause of osteoporosis and lethal short-limbed dwarfism. We report a case of type II osteogenesis imperfecta in a set of Nigerian monochorionic twins.The twins were female and delivered by emergency caesarean section at term, Twin 1 had a length of 46cm (both below 3 percentile), blue sclera, frog leg like posture, with widened anterior and posterior fontanelles with metopic and sagittal sutural diastases. There were multiple abnormal angulations and tender swellings of the upper and lower limbs, a short ribcage with Pectus excavatum and was dyspnoeic. Skeletal survey showed multiple healed fractures, with callus formation affecting all long bones with fresh unhealed fractures of the left humerus, radius, ulna & right tibia and fibula in the first twin and fractures of the left tibia in the second twin. There was no family history of similar condition and there was no consanguinity. The babies were managed conservatively and discharged for follow up.This is to remind physicians that though Ostegenesis imperfecta can be autosomally and recessively inherited, spontaneous mutations can also occur and that the more lethal types II and III may be commoner in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":75037,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of pediatrics and neonatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70822175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Congenital nevi are hyperpigmented macular lesions that are derivatives of the melanoblasts. They occur in less than 1% of the neonates in any site of the body. The giant congenital nevus is greater than 20 cm in size, pigmented and often hairy. Between 4% and 6% of these lesions will develop into a malignant melanoma. Since approximately 50% of the melanomas develop by the age of two, and 80% by the age of seven, early removal is recommended. However, their large size poses a great treatment challenge. The objective of this paper is to present a unique case of giant nevi along with a review of the literature .
{"title":"Giant Bathing Trunk Naevus with Multiple Congenital Melanocytic Naevi","authors":"Seema Sharma, N. Sharma, Vipin Sharma","doi":"10.5580/2aa3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/2aa3","url":null,"abstract":"Congenital nevi are hyperpigmented macular lesions that are derivatives of the melanoblasts. They occur in less than 1% of the neonates in any site of the body. The giant congenital nevus is greater than 20 cm in size, pigmented and often hairy. Between 4% and 6% of these lesions will develop into a malignant melanoma. Since approximately 50% of the melanomas develop by the age of two, and 80% by the age of seven, early removal is recommended. However, their large size poses a great treatment challenge. The objective of this paper is to present a unique case of giant nevi along with a review of the literature .","PeriodicalId":75037,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of pediatrics and neonatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70821831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Naseh, A. Hafizi, F. Malek, H. Mozdarani, V. Yassaee
TAR (Thrombocytopenia-Absent Radius) is a clinicallydefined syndrome characterized by hypomegakarocytic thrombocytopenia and bilateral absence of radius in the presence of both thumbs . We describe a female neonate as a rare case of TAR syndrome with orofacial cleft. Bone marrow aspiration of the patient revealed a cellular marrow with marked reduction of megakaryocytes. Our clinical observation is consistent with TAR syndrome. However, other syndromes with cleft lip/palate and radial aplasia like Roberts syndrome (tetraphocomelia), Edwards syndrome and Fanconi and sc phocomelia (which has less degree of limb reduction) should be considered. Our cytogenetic study excludes other overlapping chromosomal syndromes. RBM8A analysis may reveal nucleotide alteration, leading to definite diagnosis. Our objective is adding this cleft lip and cleft palate to the literature regarding TAR syndrome. - Eva Klopocki, Harald Schulz, Gabriele Straub,Judith Hall,Fabienne Trotier, et al(February 2007) ;Complex inheritance pattern Resembeling Autosomal Recessive Inheritance Involving a Microdeletion in Thrombocytopenia-Absent Radius Syndrome.The American Journal of Human Genetics 80:232-240
TAR(血小板减少-桡骨缺失)是一种临床定义的综合征，其特征是少核细胞性血小板减少和双侧拇指桡骨缺失。我们描述一个女性新生儿作为一个罕见的病例TAR综合征与口面裂。患者骨髓穿刺显示骨髓巨核细胞明显减少。我们的临床观察与TAR综合征一致。然而，其他唇腭裂和桡骨发育不全的综合征，如Roberts综合征(四足畸形)、Edwards综合征和Fanconi和sc型phocomelia(肢体减少程度较小)，应考虑。我们的细胞遗传学研究排除了其他重叠染色体综合征。RBM8A分析可显示核苷酸改变，从而明确诊断。我们的目的是将这种唇裂和腭裂加入到有关TAR综合征的文献中。- Eva Klopocki, Harald Schulz, Gabriele Straub,Judith Hall,Fabienne Trotier等(2007年2月);在血小板减少-桡骨缺失综合征中涉及微缺失的复杂遗传模式类似于常染色体隐性遗传。美国人类遗传学杂志80:232-240
{"title":"TAR Syndrome, a Rare Case Report with Cleft Lip/Palate","authors":"A. Naseh, A. Hafizi, F. Malek, H. Mozdarani, V. Yassaee","doi":"10.5580/2c2a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/2c2a","url":null,"abstract":"TAR (Thrombocytopenia-Absent Radius) is a clinicallydefined syndrome characterized by hypomegakarocytic thrombocytopenia and bilateral absence of radius in the presence of both thumbs . We describe a female neonate as a rare case of TAR syndrome with orofacial cleft. Bone marrow aspiration of the patient revealed a cellular marrow with marked reduction of megakaryocytes. Our clinical observation is consistent with TAR syndrome. However, other syndromes with cleft lip/palate and radial aplasia like Roberts syndrome (tetraphocomelia), Edwards syndrome and Fanconi and sc phocomelia (which has less degree of limb reduction) should be considered. Our cytogenetic study excludes other overlapping chromosomal syndromes. RBM8A analysis may reveal nucleotide alteration, leading to definite diagnosis. Our objective is adding this cleft lip and cleft palate to the literature regarding TAR syndrome. - Eva Klopocki, Harald Schulz, Gabriele Straub,Judith Hall,Fabienne Trotier, et al(February 2007) ;Complex inheritance pattern Resembeling Autosomal Recessive Inheritance Involving a Microdeletion in Thrombocytopenia-Absent Radius Syndrome.The American Journal of Human Genetics 80:232-240","PeriodicalId":75037,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of pediatrics and neonatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70822378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. G. Dharmendar, V. Narendranath, L. ShashibhushanB
This is a cross sectional study on breast feeding initiation and feeding practice was carried out from Sept to Nov 2009 (2months) at clinical practice in urban Bangalore. An oral questionnaire was prepared containing questions of various types of breast feeding practices, and interviewed the mothers of infant below one year who attended the pediatric clinic. A sample of 50 women were interviewed, delayed initiation of breast feeding, rejection of colostrum and use of prelactel feeds are still prevalent among urban mothers of Bangalore. Bottle feeding is still prevalent in the urban mothers and even commercial weaning feeds are used widely by many urban mothers.
{"title":"Breast Feeding Practices In Mother’s Of (Urban) Bangalore.","authors":"V. G. Dharmendar, V. Narendranath, L. ShashibhushanB","doi":"10.5580/2aa2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/2aa2","url":null,"abstract":"This is a cross sectional study on breast feeding initiation and feeding practice was carried out from Sept to Nov 2009 (2months) at clinical practice in urban Bangalore. An oral questionnaire was prepared containing questions of various types of breast feeding practices, and interviewed the mothers of infant below one year who attended the pediatric clinic. A sample of 50 women were interviewed, delayed initiation of breast feeding, rejection of colostrum and use of prelactel feeds are still prevalent among urban mothers of Bangalore. Bottle feeding is still prevalent in the urban mothers and even commercial weaning feeds are used widely by many urban mothers.","PeriodicalId":75037,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of pediatrics and neonatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70821814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Orozco-gutierrez, Rosa María Estrada-Velazquez, Fernando Contreras-Velazquez, L. Marroquin-Donday, Cesar Gil-Rosales, C. Calderon-Jimenez, C. Magis-Rodríguez
Circumcision is a procedure that has been used for hundreds of years; its benefits for disease prevention have been mentioned in anecdotal form for many years. In 1980 with the emergence of HIV infection a diminution of cases was observed in circumcised males. We reviewed the studies evolution trying to demonstrate the scientific validity of this observation showing the importance of viral load and mucosal integrity as factors for HIV transmission. In 2008 with the publication of three prospective, randomized trials on 11,054 patients demonstrated the incidence of HIV Infection decrease of 50% with the practice of circumcision. These studies prompted the WHO to recommend circumcision as a primary preventive procedure for prevention of HIV. We reviewed and found evidence of effectiveness on this procedure preventing other diseases as chancroid, syphilis, papilloma virus, chlamydia and herpes; questioning the validity of current recommendations stressing out the need to review them.
{"title":"Circumcision In HIV Times","authors":"A. Orozco-gutierrez, Rosa María Estrada-Velazquez, Fernando Contreras-Velazquez, L. Marroquin-Donday, Cesar Gil-Rosales, C. Calderon-Jimenez, C. Magis-Rodríguez","doi":"10.5580/2c63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/2c63","url":null,"abstract":"Circumcision is a procedure that has been used for hundreds of years; its benefits for disease prevention have been mentioned in anecdotal form for many years. In 1980 with the emergence of HIV infection a diminution of cases was observed in circumcised males. We reviewed the studies evolution trying to demonstrate the scientific validity of this observation showing the importance of viral load and mucosal integrity as factors for HIV transmission. In 2008 with the publication of three prospective, randomized trials on 11,054 patients demonstrated the incidence of HIV Infection decrease of 50% with the practice of circumcision. These studies prompted the WHO to recommend circumcision as a primary preventive procedure for prevention of HIV. We reviewed and found evidence of effectiveness on this procedure preventing other diseases as chancroid, syphilis, papilloma virus, chlamydia and herpes; questioning the validity of current recommendations stressing out the need to review them.","PeriodicalId":75037,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of pediatrics and neonatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70822321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Deirdre Nolfi-Donegan, Anuradha Viswanathan, Dalya Chefitz, L. Moorthy
“Clustering” of autoimmune disorders is relatively common. Reports exist of concomitant insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DM1) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). However there are few reports about coexistence of DM1 and the systemic subtype of JIA (sJIA), and even fewer documenting the chronological onset of DM1 before sJIA. In most reports, DM1 developed after therapy for preexisting sJIA. There is debate about whether those therapies played a causative role in the manifestation of DM1. Herein we describe an 11-year old male not receiving any such therapy who was diagnosed with DM1 one month prior to receiving a second diagnosis of sJIA. His diabetes necessitated an early taper of prednisone, and he was started on a regimen of daily anakinra (Interleukin-1 blocker). Afterwards, the patient experienced breakthrough inflammatory symptoms. He restarted a progressively lower dose of oral prednisone, which controlled his symptoms. In an effort to understand the rare instance of encountering these two diseases in one patient, we undertook a literature search to examine the possibility of a common etiology, with special focus on variations along the inflammatory cascade of the immune system, including the alleles encoding perforin and interleukin-6 (IL-6).
{"title":"Case Report Of A Child With Recently Diagnosed Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 And Subsequent Systemic Arthritis","authors":"Deirdre Nolfi-Donegan, Anuradha Viswanathan, Dalya Chefitz, L. Moorthy","doi":"10.5580/2b7d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/2b7d","url":null,"abstract":"“Clustering” of autoimmune disorders is relatively common. Reports exist of concomitant insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DM1) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). However there are few reports about coexistence of DM1 and the systemic subtype of JIA (sJIA), and even fewer documenting the chronological onset of DM1 before sJIA. In most reports, DM1 developed after therapy for preexisting sJIA. There is debate about whether those therapies played a causative role in the manifestation of DM1. Herein we describe an 11-year old male not receiving any such therapy who was diagnosed with DM1 one month prior to receiving a second diagnosis of sJIA. His diabetes necessitated an early taper of prednisone, and he was started on a regimen of daily anakinra (Interleukin-1 blocker). Afterwards, the patient experienced breakthrough inflammatory symptoms. He restarted a progressively lower dose of oral prednisone, which controlled his symptoms. In an effort to understand the rare instance of encountering these two diseases in one patient, we undertook a literature search to examine the possibility of a common etiology, with special focus on variations along the inflammatory cascade of the immune system, including the alleles encoding perforin and interleukin-6 (IL-6).","PeriodicalId":75037,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of pediatrics and neonatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70822004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis is the most common cause of admission to the pediatric ward and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) for respiratory distress and respiratory failure in infancy. There has been an increasing emphasis on the importance of extra pulmonary manifestations of RSV infection that include hyponatremia, hepatitis, seizures, arrhythmias, and cardiorespiratory failure. Physicians should consider this diagnosis in all newborns especially the preterm infants born after 35 weeks of gestation, and who do not qualify for the monoclonal antibody (Palivizumab) prophylaxis against RSV. Such patients can deteriorate rapidly, if extra pulmonary manifestations of RSV infection are not recognized and managed in a timely fashion. We report a case of RSV Bronchiolitis in a 32 days old preterm infant (ex-35 weeker) who presented with hypoglycemia, hyponatremia, respiratory failure and shock of unknown etiology.
{"title":"Hyponatremia — an Unusual Presentation of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection","authors":"H. U. Malik, Krishan Kumar","doi":"10.5580/2c64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/2c64","url":null,"abstract":"Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis is the most common cause of admission to the pediatric ward and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) for respiratory distress and respiratory failure in infancy. There has been an increasing emphasis on the importance of extra pulmonary manifestations of RSV infection that include hyponatremia, hepatitis, seizures, arrhythmias, and cardiorespiratory failure. Physicians should consider this diagnosis in all newborns especially the preterm infants born after 35 weeks of gestation, and who do not qualify for the monoclonal antibody (Palivizumab) prophylaxis against RSV. Such patients can deteriorate rapidly, if extra pulmonary manifestations of RSV infection are not recognized and managed in a timely fashion. We report a case of RSV Bronchiolitis in a 32 days old preterm infant (ex-35 weeker) who presented with hypoglycemia, hyponatremia, respiratory failure and shock of unknown etiology.","PeriodicalId":75037,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of pediatrics and neonatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70821972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Maggio, D. Gucciardino, M. Collura, F. Pardo, A. Liotta, Eleonora Gucciardino, S. Teresi, G. Corsello
INTRODUCTION: Patients with Cystic Fibrosis, especially in adolescence, could develop endocrine and metabolic complications, related to nutritional state and chronic inflammation. They develop a progressive decrease in lean body mass correlated with the progression of lung disease.Adipose tissue is involved as well and adipocytokines are a possible link between malnutrition and long term complications. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In 24 Cystic Fibrosis adolescents we studied auxological, nutritional, glycometabolic, endocrine patterns, together with leptin, adiponectin and resistin levels. We selected patients not affected by diabetes, insulin resistance, malnutrition, acute inflammatory states so as to avoid possible influences on the adipocytokines. RESULTS: All patients presented with an adequate BMI centile, with no statistically significant difference versus controls. HOMA IR and HOMA B% are in the normal range but lower than in controls, expression of a lower insulin-resistance with a lower insulin secretion. Leptin is significantly higher than in controls and maintains a correlation with BMI and gender. Resistin levels are more elevated in Cystic Fibrosis than in controls, with a statistically significant direct correlation with CRP (C-reactive protein) and insulinemia T0’ and T120’.Adiponectin is significantly higher in Cystic Fibrosis, inversely correlated with CRP and insulinemia and directly with cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol.CONCLUSIONS:The detection of adipocytokines levels could improve the metabolic follow-up of these patients: the maintenance of an adequate leptin gender difference is useful in the follow-up of puberty in adolescence. Adiponectin could be a marker of insulin sensitivity and prevent protein catabolism and loss of lean body mass. Resistin levels may be used as a marker of insulin resistance and may indicate the severity of chronic inflammation.This is the first study available in literature about adiponectin levels in pediatric Cystic Fibrosis patients and about resistin in Cystic Fibrosis.
{"title":"Adiponectin, Leptin, Resistin Levels In Cystic Fibrosis Adolescents","authors":"M. Maggio, D. Gucciardino, M. Collura, F. Pardo, A. Liotta, Eleonora Gucciardino, S. Teresi, G. Corsello","doi":"10.5580/2c28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/2c28","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Patients with Cystic Fibrosis, especially in adolescence, could develop endocrine and metabolic complications, related to nutritional state and chronic inflammation. They develop a progressive decrease in lean body mass correlated with the progression of lung disease.Adipose tissue is involved as well and adipocytokines are a possible link between malnutrition and long term complications. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In 24 Cystic Fibrosis adolescents we studied auxological, nutritional, glycometabolic, endocrine patterns, together with leptin, adiponectin and resistin levels. We selected patients not affected by diabetes, insulin resistance, malnutrition, acute inflammatory states so as to avoid possible influences on the adipocytokines. RESULTS: All patients presented with an adequate BMI centile, with no statistically significant difference versus controls. HOMA IR and HOMA B% are in the normal range but lower than in controls, expression of a lower insulin-resistance with a lower insulin secretion. Leptin is significantly higher than in controls and maintains a correlation with BMI and gender. Resistin levels are more elevated in Cystic Fibrosis than in controls, with a statistically significant direct correlation with CRP (C-reactive protein) and insulinemia T0’ and T120’.Adiponectin is significantly higher in Cystic Fibrosis, inversely correlated with CRP and insulinemia and directly with cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol.CONCLUSIONS:The detection of adipocytokines levels could improve the metabolic follow-up of these patients: the maintenance of an adequate leptin gender difference is useful in the follow-up of puberty in adolescence. Adiponectin could be a marker of insulin sensitivity and prevent protein catabolism and loss of lean body mass. Resistin levels may be used as a marker of insulin resistance and may indicate the severity of chronic inflammation.This is the first study available in literature about adiponectin levels in pediatric Cystic Fibrosis patients and about resistin in Cystic Fibrosis.","PeriodicalId":75037,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of pediatrics and neonatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70822070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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