Angewandte Parasitologie最新文献

199 out of 509 foxes culled in a rabies control scheme, were shown to be infected with the metastrongylid parasite Angiostrongylus vasorum. Pathological lesions associated with angiostrongylosis in the fox are described and compared to reported lesions of A. vasorum infection in the dog. The lesions observed in the foxes seemed to be less severe and mainly confined to the ventral parts of the lung lobes which showed granulomatous pneumonia. Right ventricular hypertrophy of the heart was present in all infected foxes. It is believed that the fox population represents an important reservoir of A. vasorum.

Intestinal tissue samples of 9 cyprinid and gobiid fish species from several hatcheries and ponds in South Bohemia were found to harbour Goussia carpelli-like coccidian oocysts. Furthermore, laboratory transmission of Goussia carpelli, obtained from common carp, was attempted to 9 cyprinid fish species, both laboratory reared and obtained from pond environments. Infection experiments, carried out by fecal contamination (direct transmission) and by using tubificid oligochaetes as paratenic hosts resulted in weak infections in 4 out of 15 Carassius auratus used, but it was not possible to infect any of the other fishes used.

A study of the argentophilic structures of the miracidium of the strigeid digenean Strigea falconispalumbi VIBORG, 1795 was carried out. Miracidia were hatched under laboratory conditions from eggs obtained from adult S. falconispalumbi from the intestine of a naturally infected Buzzard (Buteo buteo). Miracidia were stained with 0.5%. Silver Nitrate solution using standard techniques. The epidermal plates of the miracidium are arranged in four tiers according to the formula (6 + 8 + 4 + 3) = 21. The terabratorium bears 20 papillare. Papillae are also present at the bases of the epidermal plates of the first tier, and also at the margins of the terabratorium between the epidermal plates. The two pores of the excretory ducts are positioned laterally between the third and fourth tiers of epidermal plates.

Using the indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT) results concerning the infection of people by Toxoplasma in dependence on age, sex, settlement area and consumption of raw meat in the region of (State Brandenburg) Cottbus are represented as well as on frequency of primoinfections during pregnancy. Infections by Toxoplasma have been found out in 35.6 of 100 cases (n = 3665). With 39.2% women are infected more often than men with 27.1%. Probands of the urbane settlement area show with 37.9% (n = 3402) an higher degree of the infections than probands living in the country with 30.9% (n = 2656). Consumption of raw meat increases the risk of an infection significant. The frequency of primoinfections - found by prospective study with 22559 pregnant women - is placed by 6%, that of connatale infections by 2.6%.

A total of 174 small mammalian hosts were trapped in Ekpoma, Bendel State, Nigeria from October, 1986 to September, 1987 and examined for ectoparasites. 108 infested hosts had 10 species of ectoparasites comprising three species of mites (Laelaps (Echinolaelaps) muricola, Laelaps (E.) gigantea and Laelaps (E.) echidninus); two species of ticks (Amblyomma variegatum and Ixodes sp.); two species of fleas (Xenopsylla cheopis and X. braziliensis); and on especies each of sucking lice (Polyplax spinulosa) and subcutaneous larvae of Cordylobia anthropophaga. Rise in seasonal rainfall positively influenced the incidence of C. anthropophaga and adult fleas, but decrease reduced the incidence of ticks, mites and lice. The incidence of parasitic infestation was influenced by age of host, but not by the sex. Ectoparasite distribution was uneven on their hosts.

Planorbis planorbis, Planorbarius corneus and Biomphalaria alexandrina (Egyptian strain) were ascertained as new experimental first intermediate hosts, thus bringing the total number of planorbid experimental first intermediate hosts to eight. The highest degree of compatibility was exhibited with P. planorbis (infection prevalence 80%) followed by P. corneus (46.6%), whereas B. alexandrina (as snail species not occurring in the geographical range of S. falconispalumbi) showed the lowest degree of compatibility (23.3%).

Faecal samples from 862 male and female donors of nine age groups (1-90 years) in three geographical zones were screened by the examination of concentrates from formal other concentration technique. The overall percentage incidence of six parasites which were encountered were as follows: Entamoeba coli (19.7%), E. histolytica (3.9%), Giradia lamblia (1.4%), hookworm (29.4%), Ascaris lumbricoides (38.2%) and Trichuris trichiura (7.3%). However, the percentage incidence of parasites in the delta mangrove zone subject to heavy flooding and excess run-offs during the rainy season, were as follows: E. coli (44.7%), E. histolytica (0%), G. lamblia (37.5%), hookworm (44.9%), A. lumbricoides (51.0%) and T. trichiura (77.6%). Except for E. histolytica and G. lamblia, the percentage incidence in the delta zone were comparatively higher than values observed in the better drained middle rainforest and savanna zones. The age groups in the first two decades of life had 61.7% infection and this stabilised to a low level of 2.8% in the eighth and ninth decades. Males and higher protozoan and helminthic infections than females.

The serum dye test by Sabin-Feldman used in the toxoplasmosis serology was adapted to the Eimeria tenella system. The antibodies detected by this specific test reflect a protective immune response. All animals immunized with virulent and attenuated Eimeria tenella oocyst antigens demonstrated serologically immune reactions. Antigen reactivities over 50% correlate with the grade of protection of animals in challenge test.

Rabbits and mice were infected by Toxoplasma gondii (RH and HanR) and Hammondia hammondi. An enzyme immunoassay with monoclonal antibodies was used to reveal circulating Toxoplasma antigens. They were found only in mice and rabbits that had been infected by the cyst-forming strain Toxoplasma HanR. In mice infected by Hammondia hammondi low antibodies titres were found that showed a cross-reaction with Toxoplasma. The enzyme immunoassay for evidence of Toxoplasma antigens demonstrated a negative reaction in these animals.

An Anoplocephala perfoliata population isolated from the caecum of a dead horse was analysed morphometrically. Besides the number of segments, length and width of strobila, the width of scolex and the last segment, in adult tapeworms the number of eggs per segment was counted. By the aid of these data the population was divided into 4 categories. The length of fixed tapeworms varied between 5.46 and 41.53 mm. There was an direct relation between length of the strobila and number of segments. Only 42 of 440 investigated tapeworms contained mature eggs in the uterus. The number of eggs varied between 125 and 4482. The beetle mite Scheloribates latipes could be infected successfully, 9 cysticercoids were isolated from their body cavity.