Archives d'ophtalmologie et revue generale d'ophtalmologie最新文献

A report on 22 cases of re-attachment of the retina in 29 patients with retinal detachment from a macular hole operated on by a localised silicon sponge indentation with cryotherapy.

The authors report the fifth case in the literature of an orbital presentation of macrophagic lymphocytic histiocytosis or sinusal histiocytosis. This disease which usually presents in the ganglia is accompanied by a characteristic histological appearance dominated by the taking up of blood cells (lymphocytes, plasmocytes, erythrocytes) by macrophages. Its evolution is benign but its aetiology remains unknown and its treatment uncertain.

In spite of the great dispersion of the values -- which is not uncommon in studies of the normal human lens -- it appears that: -- the glucose utilisation decreases after the age of 40; -- the mean of the energy reserves remains unchanged in the adult and in old people.

The placing of a continuous suture with a monofilament completely enclosed in the corneal stroma for the closing of a keratotomy offers many advantages. Description of a technique.

It is always difficult to estimate the risk of recurrence of maladie due greffon in repeat grafts, and the intricate factors in these cases are open to complex analysis. A number of grafts have been divided into those which were repeated on the same eye and those on the two eyes of the same subject. In the majority of cases the grafts were penetrating (105 out of 118 cases), and the overall analysis of the results is dependent on the following factors: -- Grafts performed as primary procedures in one eye or both eyes: if they develop maladie due greffon, it is usually the 'endothelial' form which appears between the first and third month; the prognosis is good (53-66 p. 100 cure with steroid therapy). It was noticed that when grafts were performed on both eyes, there was a risk of developing maladie due greffon on the eye with the first graft simultaneously if it developed in the second eye. -- Repeated grafts on the same eye caused maladie due greffon of varying types (endothelial, stromal and mixed) with a much earlier occurrence. The prognosis is worse (6 p. 100 cure, 33 p. 100 semi-failure and 60 p. 100 failure). -- Finally repeated grafts on severe leucomas (burns, leucoma adherens, inflammatory keratopathies with active neovascularisation, etc.): these practically all end in failure due either to immunological reactions or inflammatory or cicatrical changes. A table of visual acuities obtained after treatment in cases of cure, incomplete cure and failure is given at the end of this paper.

From their sixty two personnal observations and a study of literature cases, the authors demonstrate that the ophthalmoscopic fluoroscopic and functionnal aspects of macular lesions are strictly identical in Stargardt disease and in Fundus Flavimaculatus. Their transmission is also identical, generally autosomal and recessive, more rarely dominant. Flavimaculate lesions situated in perimacular or inperipheric area may coexist in the same family, and certainly correspond to variable forms of expressivity of a unique gene. The authors discuss the nosologic problems brought by these two affections and other juvenile macular degenerations. Their conclusions are as follows: The same disease may present three different forms: -- Pure Stargardt disease; -- Stargardt disease with perimacular flavimaculate crown; -- Stargardt disease with peripheric Fundus Flavimaculatus.