Among 43 female patients aged 17-46 years, most with severe oligophrenia, there were 4 with primary hypogonadism (olfactory-genital dysplasia, Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome and lastly a Kanner syndrome). The incidence of genital underdevelopment is assumed to be higher among mentally retarded female patients. In cases of hypogonadism and hypogenitalism a search should always be made for possible mental and neurological disorders.
In 77 children aged 1 year the mother-child interaction in relation to the morbidity of the child was analysed. The following factors appeared to be correlated to the quality and quantity of the mother-child interaction: (i) the date of the first acute illness, (ii) the frequency of illness during the first year of life, (iii) the duration, frequency and seriousness of the illnesses after admission to day care at the age of one year. Conclusions are drawn for the practice of infant care.
The results of stomatological examinations covering 16 children with osteogenesis imperfecta are reported. This disease is accompanied by typical symptoms in the oro-facial region. Dentinogenesis imperfecta occurred in 5 patients and can be considered an optional symptom of osteogenesis imperfecta.
Over a period of ten years we conducted a study on two sets of first-year pupils. They were reexamined every three years. The anthropometric data for body height and weight were subjected to cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis. The results confirm the continuing secular acceleration and indicate differences in development between children in towns or villages.
The author recommends the classic direct cephalometry for measurements in clinical anthropology during childhood. It is referred a trend of debrachycephalization in the Czech child population. The presented results prove a decreasing cephalic index from birth up to 3 years of life and a relationship between positioning of the child and the shape and size of the child's neurocranium.
Anthropometric measurements of constitution and acceleration are only comparable if they are allometrically standardized. Individual results are only applicable to the population from which they come. Further connections are explained on the basis of date from a longitudinal study.
Nation-wide investigations on the sexual maturation (secondary sex characteristics) have been carried out for the first time in the GDR in 1984 and 1985. They were part of a research project of the Ministry of Health concerning health during childhood and adolescence. The study was organised and coordinated by our Institute of Anthropology in Berlin. More than 17,000 children and young persons of ages between 8 and 16 years have been recorded. The data have been analysed. The analysis was performed after the colour tables of van Wieringen and coworkers as well as using additional adapted tables. Most important results concerning the indicators of sexual maturation are being presented here.
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