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Arztliche Jugendkunde最新文献

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[Neonatal percentile values for the GDR--1985. Correlation of body weight and length in newborn infants (calculation of birth weight/body length in cm. with reference to gestational age)]. [1985年德意志民主共和国新生儿百分位数。新生儿体重与体长的相关性(以出生体重/体长计算,单位厘米)。与胎龄有关)。
Pub Date : 1990-01-01
M Voigt, K Jährig, H Eggers, E L Grauel, H Greil, E Koepcke, G Seidenschnur, J Heinrich

Taking account of the gestational age (28th to 42nd completed week of pregnancy) the sex-related ratio of birth weight to length (g/cm) for newborn infants is reported. This shows that observation of the correlation between birth weight and length with reference to gestational age makes a more accurate classification of newborn infants possible, rather than using a two dimensional classification (birth weight week of gestation).

考虑到胎龄(妊娠第28至42周),新生儿出生体重与体长的性别相关比率(g/cm)被报道。这表明,观察出生体重和体长与胎龄之间的相关性,可以更准确地对新生儿进行分类,而不是使用二维分类(出生体重妊娠周)。
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引用次数: 0
[Birth weight of newborn infants in relation to body height and body weight of parents with special reference to duration of pregnancy]. [新生儿出生体重与身高及父母体重的关系,并特别参考怀孕期间]。
Pub Date : 1990-01-01
K Jährig, M Voigt, D Jährig, H Eggers, K Sommer

Using the data of the 1985 GDR somatogram standards (birthweight percentiles calculated from 51,570 liveborn singletons) the impact of parental weight and length on the birthweight were calculated. Peristatic factors in combination with the genetic 'anlage' act first of all via maternal weight. Body height and/or length of mother and father are more representative for the genetic constitution. Their impact on neonatal weight seems to be less significant, however statistically calculable. The paternal 'anlage' is relatively modified by the intrauterine environment (maternal constitution).

利用1985年德意志民主共和国躯体图标准的数据(从51,570例活产单胎中计算出出生体重百分位数),计算了父母体重和身高对出生体重的影响。蠕动因素结合遗传“样本”首先通过母体体重起作用。母亲和父亲的身高和/或长度更能代表遗传体质。它们对新生儿体重的影响似乎不太显著,但统计上可以计算出来。父亲的“血统”相对地受到宫内环境(母体体质)的影响。
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引用次数: 0
[Evaluation of body mass of 9-to-12-year-old girls with reference to stage of biological development]. [参照生物发育阶段对9- 12岁女孩体重的评价]。
Pub Date : 1990-01-01
B M Brauer, H Enke

Variations in the body weight of 550 healthy sporting girls aged 9 to 12 years (urban population) were examined with reference to the stage of their biological development. A classification in percentages (from 80% to 150%) for the evaluation of body weight in medical practice is depicted in tabular form and provides a ready and reliable means for examining body weight as a basis which may have therapeutic consequences.

研究了550名9至12岁的健康运动女孩(城市人口)的体重变化,并参照她们的生物发育阶段进行了检查。以表格形式描述了医疗实践中体重评估的百分比分类(从80%到150%),为检查体重作为可能具有治疗效果的基础提供了一种现成和可靠的手段。
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引用次数: 0
Genetic disease and childhood mortality. 遗传疾病和儿童死亡率。
Pub Date : 1990-01-01
D F Roberts
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引用次数: 0
[Genetic counseling in relation to drug intake in early pregnancy]. [与妊娠早期药物摄入有关的遗传咨询]。
Pub Date : 1990-01-01
J Gedschold, R Becker, M Falk

In a series of 153 women with intake of drugs during early pregnancy the pregnancy was terminated in 22% of all cases. There were the following results of the 119 non-terminated pregnancies: delivery of a normal, healthy baby: 84%; abortion: 5%; still birth and premature birth, respectively: 3,5%. An abnormal phenotype was seen in 7% of the newborns, but only 3 cases with major malformation (cleft lip, club-foot, cataract) could be noted. Compared with normal pregnancies the results do not confirm an enhanced risk for malformations by intake of drugs during early pregnancy. Unfounded anxiety of physicians as well as of pregnant women with indicated pharmacotherapy should be reduced by better information and education.

在153名怀孕早期服用药物的妇女中,22%的人终止了妊娠。119例未终止妊娠的结果如下:分娩正常、健康的婴儿:84%;堕胎:5%;死胎和早产分别占3.5%。新生儿表型异常占7%,但仅有3例出现重大畸形(唇裂、足畸形、白内障)。与正常妊娠相比,结果并不能证实妊娠早期服用药物会增加畸形的风险。应该通过更好的信息和教育来减少医生以及接受药物治疗的孕妇的毫无根据的焦虑。
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引用次数: 0
[Correlation between somatic developmental status of newborn infants and some sociodemographic data]. [新生儿躯体发育状况与一些社会人口学数据的相关性]。
Pub Date : 1990-01-01
K Joubert

Data obtained from 10,108 newborns of parents of gypsy native language delivered during 1973-1983 were compared to national population's data of 1978. When comparing the data of gypsy group which is living under very disadvantageous social, cultural and health conditions to the appropriate national data the following differences have been found. The physical development of gypsy infants included in this study is much more worse than that of the national average. For the poorer physical development of gypsy children the disadvantageous social and hygienic conditions together with low educational attainment is responsible rather than the different genetic background. This conclusion is proved by findings of the study that the trend of national data according to the educational attainment is very similar to that of the appropriate data of gypsy group.

从1973-1983年出生的10108名吉普赛母语新生儿中获得的数据与1978年的全国人口数据进行了比较。在将生活在非常不利的社会、文化和健康条件下的吉普赛人群体的数据与适当的国家数据进行比较时,发现了以下差异。本研究中吉普赛婴儿的身体发育比全国平均水平差得多。吉普赛儿童身体发育较差的原因是不利的社会和卫生条件以及受教育程度较低,而不是不同的遗传背景。研究结果证明了这一结论,即根据受教育程度的国家数据的趋势与吉普赛群体的适当数据非常相似。
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引用次数: 0
[Anthropogenetics and suitability for sports of children and adolescents]. [人类遗传学和儿童和青少年运动的适宜性]。
Pub Date : 1990-01-01
V Schwarz

Methods, tests and criterions for selection of children and adolescents talented for sport are described. A review is given on the author's investigations on the genetic conditionality of the prerequisites for performances in sport based on twin studies and on the developmental stability of the selection criterions tested.

介绍了选拔体育天才儿童和青少年的方法、测试和标准。综述了作者在双胞胎研究基础上对运动成绩先决条件的遗传条件的研究以及所测试的选择标准的发展稳定性。
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引用次数: 0
[Growth parameters of female athletes during periods of high training load]. [高训练负荷时期女运动员的生长参数]。
Pub Date : 1990-01-01
G Fröhner, E Keller, G Schmidt

Studies of children participating in elite sport training programmes revealed growth disorders. Longitudinal analyses of female gymnasts (whose bone age was distinctly below chronological age) over a period of two years do not suggest a general tendency to growth inhibition. However, the marked variation in the longitudinal data may indicate retardation in individual cases. An evaluation of the growth parameters is of practical importance for the medical care of children participating in intensive training programmes.

对参加精英运动训练项目的儿童的研究揭示了生长障碍。对女体操运动员(其骨龄明显低于实足年龄)进行了两年的纵向分析,并没有显示出生长抑制的普遍趋势。然而,纵向数据的显著差异可能表明个别病例的发育迟缓。对参加强化培训方案的儿童的医疗护理而言,对生长参数的评估具有实际重要性。
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引用次数: 0
[Genetic aspects of the susceptibility for caries and marginal periodontitis]. [龋齿和边缘牙周炎易感性的遗传因素]。
Pub Date : 1990-01-01
R Zuhrt

The main employment of stomatology with curative matters and material problems caused a neglect of genetic aspects in the aetiology of dental caries and marginal periodontitis. A critical review of literature is the base of proposals for consideration of genetic aspects in the fields of stomatologic epidemiology, dental health care programs and dental health care education.

口腔科的主要工作是治疗问题和物质问题,导致在龋齿和边缘牙周炎的病因学中忽视了遗传方面。对文献的批判性回顾是在口腔流行病学、牙科保健计划和牙科保健教育领域考虑遗传方面的建议的基础。
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引用次数: 0
[Zygosity diagnosis in adolescent twins using questionnaires]. 青少年双胞胎的合子性诊断
Pub Date : 1990-01-01
O Kabat vel Job

The validity of Zazzo's questionnaire method for zygosity determination has been tested within the framework of a study on twins. 11 (20.7%) of 53 monozygotic twin pairs were classified incorrectly. For the diagnosis of zygosity in adolescent twins, a questionnaire method has been designed and implemented in the G.D.R. With the help of this new method a relatively reliable zygosity determination is possible. A correct matching for 97% was obtained.

在对双胞胎的研究框架内,Zazzo的调查问卷法对合子性测定的有效性进行了检验。53对单卵双胞胎中有11对(20.7%)分类错误。针对青少年双胞胎合子性的诊断,本文设计并实施了问卷调查法,使合子性的测定具有较高的可靠性。获得了97%的正确匹配。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Arztliche Jugendkunde
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