Arztliche Jugendkunde最新文献

Compared with the conventional ECG lead systems, the corrected orthogonal leads by Frank and the leads by Nelson constitute progress, especially if one considers their mathematical and physical comparability and the possibility of recording vectorcardiograms projected on to three orthogonal levels. The discussion about these lead systems and their application in infancy and childhood cannot be considered concluded; above all questions of their information content must be definitively clarified.

The involvement of trained laity (pupils) in the standardized measurement of blood pressure may be a further step in the total fight against hypertension. During a period of four school years 152 of 205 pupils successfully completed a training course for standardized measurement. These well trained pupils serve as promotors (multipliers) of health educational know how and attitudes among adolescents of the same age. In this way health education by pupils for pupils may be furthered.

Eight anthropometric data from 550 healthy sporting girls aged 9-12 years are presented as percentiles in tabular form. The results are of importance for the medical practice.

A review is given on the secular trend of the somatic development, on its part-phenomena and on the mutual interest of the human biology as well as the pediatric practice. The author presents two example of a positive secular trend in Hungary concerning the growth of height and the maturation in girls, respectively. This last one, however, shows also a negative tendency in the last decades.

Five measurements of body circumferences were related to the results of determinations of the subcutaneous fat thickness using caliper measurements. The analysis of data obtained from 10,661 infants and children aged between 1.5 to 15 years do not show constant correlations of the parameters measured during the periods of childhood.

A well structured, efficient health service is an important component of the welfare state, in Sweden for example. But its significance for the state of the nation's health is limited and will be affected, inter alia, by life styles and the environment. A progressive health policy must be based on cooperation between various sectors of society, and here the health service plays a central part. Therefore social policy must be well documented and subjected to continuous review. This is an important prerequisite for planning and correction at different levels. The analysis must take account of society as a whole, organization, and the individual! In so doing, greater significance should be attributed to the effectiveness and quality of the health service than to structures, capacity and statistics. With reference to the health of children in the Nordic countries, it is encouraging to see that this conception of evaluation has also gained greater acceptance in preventive care, firstly in the field of paediatric health care and more recently in the school health service as well.

Considerations of the essential aspects of establishing diagnosis are explained fro a psychologist's point of view who has the possibility of observing the course of all children with cerebral injury registered early in the district polyclinic. Their qualitative performance parameters are evaluated, especially attention and the mother-child relation. Subsequently, we discuss the courses of development for 130 children who attended a rehabilitation nursery, and refer to constellations of symptoms which rendered it more difficult to establish early diagnoses.

Non-traumatic injuries of the muscular-skeletal system and connective tissue are expressed typically in early childhood; in young adults the morbidity rate is high and serious health problems follow in later life. For prophylaxis to be successful, early specific diagnosis is necessary. In order to identify postural weaknesses and damage in the context of paediatric practice, the authors recommend a double test to evaluate condition and coordination (combination of Matthias's forward stretched arm holding test with Janda's test of abdominal muscle strength). They describe their own experience of conducting and evaluating these quick means of functional diagnosis and the problems of their use in the context of preventive medical examinations conducted by the Health Care for Children and Adolescents.