Advances in Water Resources最新文献_第7页

A generalized moving least squares-enhanced Lagrangian particle method for anisotropic dispersion in heterogeneous porous media 非均质多孔介质中各向异性色散的广义移动最小二乘增强拉格朗日粒子法

IF 4.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Advances in Water Resources

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.advwatres.2025.105152

Jiayu Fang , Mohammad Z. Al-Hamdan , Xiaobo Chao , QiZhi He

The Lagrangian particle method (LPM) is a promising alternative to Eulerian grid-based methods for modeling advection-dominant transport, as it avoids numerical diffusion and oscillation. However, the most widely used LPM for subsurface solute transport—Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH)—typically requires a large number of particles for local numerical approximation due to its low order of consistency, making it computationally expensive. In addition, the conventional SPH method is prone to producing negative concentrations under anisotropic dispersion because of the unphysical dispersive flux computed by the model. To address these two issues, this study proposes a new LPM for solute transport simulation based on the generalized moving least squares (GMLS) method. In this approach, a GMLS-based finite difference method is developed for conservative solute transport, enabling efficient and accurate computation of the required higher-order derivatives. As a result, the proposed GMLS-LPM achieves improved representation of anisotropic dispersion and enhanced robustness in long-term predictions of complex subsurface solute transport. The effectiveness of GMLS-LPM is demonstrated through comparisons with two existing LPMs that employ the conventional SPH method and the finite particle method (FPM) in two anisotropic dispersion scenarios: one in homogeneous porous media and the other in heterogeneous porous media. Under similar CPU time, the GMLS-LPM significantly outperforms both SPH and FPM models. Even with randomly distributed particles, the GMLS-LPM maintains high accuracy and avoids unphysical negative concentrations, highlighting its strong potential as a particle-based model for solute transport.

拉格朗日粒子法（LPM）是一种很有前途的替代欧拉网格法来模拟平流主导型输运，因为它避免了数值扩散和振荡。然而，用于地下溶质输运的最广泛的LPM -光滑粒子流体动力学(SPH) -由于其低阶一致性，通常需要大量的粒子进行局部数值近似，使其计算成本很高。此外，由于模型计算的色散通量是非物理的，传统SPH方法在各向异性色散下容易产生负浓度。针对这两个问题，本文提出了一种新的基于广义移动最小二乘（GMLS）方法的溶质输运模拟LPM。在这种方法中，基于gmls的有限差分方法被开发用于保守溶质输运，使所需的高阶导数的计算高效和准确。结果表明，GMLS-LPM改善了各向异性色散的表征，增强了复杂地下溶质运移长期预测的鲁棒性。在均质多孔介质和非均质多孔介质两种各向异性色散情况下，通过与采用传统SPH法和有限粒子法（FPM）的两种lpm进行比较，证明了GMLS-LPM的有效性。在相似的CPU时间下，GMLS-LPM显著优于SPH和FPM模型。即使是随机分布的颗粒，GMLS-LPM也保持了很高的准确性，并避免了非物理的负浓度，突出了其作为基于颗粒的溶质输运模型的强大潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Numerical investigation and stochastic modeling of particle bridging under various flow, pore, and particle properties 不同流动、孔隙和颗粒性质下颗粒桥接的数值研究和随机模型

IF 4.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Advances in Water Resources

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.advwatres.2025.105158

Laurez Fogouang Maya , Laurent André , Cyprien Soulaine

A complex interplay of fluid, particle, and pore properties influences the stochastic nature of particle bridging in confined channels. This study investigates the role of constriction angle, particle Reynolds number, particle concentration, particle-to-constriction size ratio, and constriction smoothness in clogging behavior within semidilute suspensions. A coupled CFD-DEM approach was used to simulate particle transport through a constricted channel, and a discrete stochastic model was developed to describe the statistical nature of clogging events. The model characterizes clogging through the average number of particles, or escapees, that pass through a constriction before a stable arch forms. Results show that the number of escapees decreases with increasing constriction angle and particle concentration, while remaining largely unaffected by injection flow rate within the Stokes regime. The number of particles forming stable arches increases in discrete steps, closely matching integer values of the particle-to-constriction size ratio. Sharper constrictions were observed to promote more frequent and stable clogging compared to smoother geometries. The stochastic model accurately captures these trends, demonstrating its predictive capability across various conditions.

流体、颗粒和孔隙性质的复杂相互作用影响了密闭通道中颗粒桥接的随机性。本研究探讨了缩窄角、颗粒雷诺数、颗粒浓度、颗粒-缩窄尺寸比和缩窄平滑度对半稀悬浮液堵塞行为的影响。耦合CFD-DEM方法用于模拟颗粒通过狭窄通道的传输，并开发了一个离散随机模型来描述堵塞事件的统计性质。该模型通过粒子或逃逸物的平均数量来表征堵塞，这些粒子或逃逸物在形成稳定的拱形之前通过收缩。结果表明：在Stokes范围内，随着收缩角的增大和颗粒浓度的增大，逸出颗粒的数量减少，而在很大程度上不受注射流量的影响；形成稳定拱的颗粒数量以离散的步骤增加，与颗粒与收缩尺寸比的整数值密切匹配。与光滑的几何形状相比，观察到更尖锐的收缩会导致更频繁和稳定的堵塞。随机模型准确地捕捉了这些趋势，证明了它在各种条件下的预测能力。

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引用次数: 0

A generalized analytical model for tidal wave propagation in multilayered, horizontally heterogeneous leaky aquifer systems 多层水平非均质渗漏含水层中潮汐波传播的广义解析模型

IF 4.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Advances in Water Resources

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.advwatres.2025.105156

Chao Zhuang , Desheng Bao , Long Yan , Hongbin Zhan , Yun Yang , Qiaona Guo , Walter A. Illman , Zhifang Zhou , Jinguo Wang

Existing analytical models for tidal wave propagation in coastal leaky aquifers are limited to simplified homogeneous or layered systems, failing to address complex heterogeneity such as aquitard preferential conduits. This study develops a generalized analytical model accommodating an arbitrary number of vertically stratified aquifer and aquitard layers and horizontally segmented zones with distinct hydraulic properties. The model’s generality is enhanced by incorporating four key features: non-negligible aquitard storativity, finite lateral extent, zone-specific tidal forcing at the top boundary, and zone-specific tidal loading effects on both aquifer and aquitard layers. The solution is derived by employing matrix eigenvalue analysis to obtain the zone-specific general solution, followed by a recursive formulation to enforce hydraulic head and flux continuity across aquifer zone interfaces. The newly derived analytical solution subsumes multiple existing analytical solutions as special cases. Theoretical investigations reveal that aquitard preferential conduits can reverse the typical landward amplitude decay and phase shift increase in the less permeable adjacent aquifer. This reversed tidal wave propagation pattern is pronounced under strong aquifer permeability contrasts, high conduit-to-aquitard permeability ratios, and large conduit widths, and it exhibits remarkable period dependence. For conduit identification through multi-frequency tidal analysis, greater weight should be given to higher-frequency components.

现有的沿海渗漏含水层潮汐波传播分析模型仅限于简化的均质或层状系统，未能解决复杂的非均质性，如输水优先管道。本研究建立了一个广义的分析模型，适用于任意数量的具有不同水力特性的垂直分层含水层和含水层以及水平分段带。该模型的通用性通过纳入四个关键特征得到增强：不可忽略的含水层蓄能性、有限的横向范围、顶边界特定区域的潮汐强迫以及含水层和含水层的特定区域潮汐负荷效应。通过矩阵特征值分析，得到了针对不同含水层的通解，并通过递推公式实现了水头和通量在不同含水层界面上的连续性。新导出的解析解包含了多个已有的解析解作为特例。理论研究表明，在渗透率较低的相邻含水层中，输水优先管道可以扭转典型的向陆振幅衰减和相移增加。这种反向潮汐波传播模式在含水层渗透率对比强、输水管道渗透率比高、输水管道宽度大的条件下表现明显，并表现出显著的周期依赖性。通过多频潮汐分析进行管道识别时，应给予高频分量更大的权重。

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引用次数: 0

Managing groundwater extraction to desalinate residual saltwater in coastal subsurface reservoirs: Transient behaviors and environmental implications 管理地下水抽取以淡化沿海地下水库的残余盐水：瞬态行为和环境影响

IF 4.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Advances in Water Resources

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.advwatres.2025.105175

Yunhai Fang , Lei Ma , Tianyuan Zheng , Jian Luo , Huan Wang , Jiazhong Qian , Xilai Zheng , Marc Walther

The construction of subsurface reservoirs using physical barriers for controlling seawater intrusion triggers the retention of residual saltwater, raising concerns about contamination in regions intended for freshwater supply. This study investigated the temporal pollution behaviors of residual saltwater in coastal subsurface reservoirs. Groundwater extraction was analyzed to compare the effects of constant and intermittent pumping on the spread of residual saltwater. The results showed that residual saltwater pollution was a great threat to freshwater resources, contaminating up to 20 % of the reservoir area after 20,000 d under natural (no-pumping) conditions. Constant pumping exhibited positive environmental effects, inhibiting the inland intrusion of residual saltwater, reducing contamination, and accelerating desalination with high efficiency. Its contribution was more evident over time; for instance, the contaminated area was reduced to 4 % at 20,000 d with a desalination efficiency improvement of 28 %. The desalination mechanism under constant pumping was different from natural conditions, with minimal impact on high-salinity zones and its primary effect observed in reducing contamination in low-salinity zones. In contrast, intermittent pumping had adverse effects, increasing the contaminated area and delaying desalination, requiring caution in its application. The desalination efficiency and failure risk of pumping were related to well location and pumping rate. By optimizing well setup, an effective remediation strategy of residual saltwater was proposed, achieving at least 20 % improvement in desalination efficiency. These findings provide a general framework for understanding and addressing residual saltwater pollution and offer practical guidance for the management of coastal subsurface reservoirs.

使用物理屏障来控制海水入侵的地下水库的建设引发了残留盐水的滞留，引起了人们对淡水供应地区污染的担忧。研究了沿海地下水库中残留盐水的时间污染行为。对地下水抽取进行了分析，比较了连续抽水和间歇抽水对残余盐水扩散的影响。结果表明，在自然（不抽水）条件下，剩余盐水污染对淡水资源构成极大威胁，20000 d后，剩余盐水污染可达库区面积的20%。持续抽水具有积极的环境效应，抑制了残留盐水的内陆入侵，减少了污染，高效地加速了海水淡化。随着时间的推移，它的贡献更加明显；例如，在20000 d时，污染面积减少到4%，海水淡化效率提高28%。恒定泵送的海水淡化机制与自然条件不同，对高盐度区域的影响最小，对低盐度区域的污染影响最大。而间歇式泵送则有不良影响，会增加污染面积，延缓海水淡化，应用时需谨慎。海水淡化效率和泵送失效风险与井位和泵送速率有关。通过优化井设置，提出了一种有效的残留盐水修复策略，使海水淡化效率提高了至少20%。这些发现为理解和解决剩余盐水污染提供了一个总体框架，并为沿海地下水库的管理提供了实践指导。

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引用次数: 0

Modeling tracer dispersion in a coupled system composed of a proppant-packed hydraulic fracture and a tight porous medium 模拟含支撑剂的水力裂缝和致密多孔介质耦合系统中的示踪剂分散

IF 4.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Advances in Water Resources

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.advwatres.2025.105122

Morteza Dejam

Tracer tests are widely performed for the characterization of reservoir properties during the hydraulic fracturing operation. The dispersion of the tracer depends on the interaction of the proppant-packed hydraulic fracture and the tight porous medium through the naturally porous walls. However, the effects of the interaction of the porous walls and dynamics of flow in the proppant-packed hydraulic fracture on the tracer dispersion and reservoir dynamic mass/heat storage capacity have not yet been reported in the literature. In this work, the tracer dispersion in a proppant-packed hydraulic fracture surrounded by a tight porous medium is theoretically modeled and the dynamic storage capacity is evaluated. The Darcy-Brinkman equation is used to describe the fully developed laminar Stokes fluid flow in the proppant-packed hydraulic fracture. We used the Taylor dispersion theory and Reynolds decomposition approach to derive the exact equivalent transport parameters, including dispersion and advection coefficients, as well as the storage capacity of the tight porous medium. It is found that the tracer dispersion is controlled by the Darcy and the Peclet numbers in the proppant-packed hydraulic fracture. The results indicate that the ratio of tracer dispersion in the proppant-packed hydraulic fracture with porous walls to that with nonporous walls ranges from zero for very small Darcy numbers to 0.3 for large Darcy numbers. The ratio of the advection velocity in the proppant-packed hydraulic fracture with porous walls to that with nonporous walls ranges from unity for very small Darcy numbers to 7/5 for large Darcy numbers. The results also indicate that tracer mass storage capacity in the tight porous medium increases as the Peclet number for fluid flow in the proppant-packed hydraulic fracture increases. Conversely, storage decreases as the Darcy number in the proppant-packed hydraulic fracture rises. A comparison reveals that a flow transport model based on proppant-free hydraulic fracture may lead to the overestimation of the tracer mass/heat storage capacity. The findings of this study pave the way to advance our understanding of tracer tests for evaluating reservoir characteristics during fracturing operations in enhanced geothermal systems.

在水力压裂作业中，示踪剂测试被广泛用于表征储层性质。示踪剂的分散取决于支撑剂充填的水力裂缝与穿过天然多孔壁的致密多孔介质的相互作用。然而，在支撑剂充填的水力裂缝中，多孔壁的相互作用和流动动力学对示踪剂分散性和储层动态质量/储热能力的影响尚未在文献中报道。在这项工作中，理论模拟了被致密多孔介质包围的支撑剂填充水力裂缝中的示踪剂分散，并评估了动态存储容量。Darcy-Brinkman方程用于描述支撑剂充填水力裂缝中完全发育的层流Stokes流体流动。我们使用Taylor色散理论和Reynolds分解方法推导出精确的等效输运参数，包括色散和平流系数，以及致密多孔介质的存储容量。研究发现，在充填支撑剂的水力裂缝中，示踪剂的分散受Darcy数和Peclet数的控制。结果表明，在支撑剂填充的水力裂缝中，多孔壁与非多孔壁的示踪剂弥散比在达西数很小时为0，在达西数很大时为0.3。在支撑剂填充的水力裂缝中，多孔壁面的平流速度与无孔壁面的平流速度之比从很小的达西数为1到很大的达西数为7/5不等。结果还表明，随着支撑剂充填水力裂缝中流体流动的Peclet数的增加，致密多孔介质中示踪剂的质量存储容量也随之增加。相反，随着支撑剂充填水力裂缝中达西数的增加，储层会减少。对比表明，基于无支撑剂水力压裂的流动输运模型可能会导致对示踪剂质量/储热能力的高估。这项研究的发现为我们进一步了解在增强型地热系统压裂作业中，用于评估储层特征的示踪测试铺平了道路。

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引用次数: 0

Estimating the full anisotropy of the covariance function in geostatistical inversion using the pilot-point ensemble Kalman filter 利用导点集合卡尔曼滤波估计地统计反演中协方差函数的全各向异性

IF 4.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Advances in Water Resources

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.advwatres.2025.105103

Janek Geiger, Michael Finkel, Olaf A. Cirpka

In geostatistical inversion, good prior knowledge about the covariance function is important in estimating hydraulic conductivity from hydraulic-head observations, but may be hampered by poor knowledge about anisotropy. In this study we propose an extension of the pilot-point ensemble Kalman filter (PP-EnKF) that can infer the full anisotropy of the covariance function based on attainable, initially random knowledge. We address the periodicity of rotation by incorporating the unique elements of the covariance transformation matrix into the set of parameters to be estimated. The filter is further modified by generating conditional realizations in each assimilation step, increasing the inherent variance of the ensemble and counteracting filter inbreeding. We demonstrate the methodology in a synthetic study of a 2-D groundwater-flow model where we estimate the full anisotropy of the covariance function and the hydraulic conductivity at pilot points via the assimilation of hydraulic-head data. The success of this method depends more on the configuration of pilot points than on the quality of prior knowledge, as ensembles initialized with faulty random priors successfully estimated the correct parameters of the covariance function, as well as the log-hydraulic conductivity values at the pilot points. The resulting parameter fields enabled accurate predictions of hydraulic heads during a verification period, with normalized root mean square errors reduced by up to 66% compared to ensembles with isotropic covariance functions. The methodology presented in this study mitigates the importance of informative prior knowledge of the covariance function in geostatistical parameter-inference methods, especially in highly anisotropic settings.

在地质统计反演中，关于协方差函数的良好先验知识对于从水头观测中估计水力导电性很重要，但可能会受到各向异性知识不足的阻碍。在这项研究中，我们提出了一个扩展的导点集合卡尔曼滤波器（PP-EnKF），可以推断协方差函数的全各向异性基于可获得的，最初的随机知识。我们通过将协方差变换矩阵的唯一元素纳入待估计的参数集来处理旋转的周期性。通过在每个同化步骤中生成条件实现来进一步改进滤波器，增加集合的固有方差并抵消滤波器的近亲繁殖。我们在一个二维地下水流动模型的综合研究中演示了该方法，通过同化水头数据，我们估计了协方差函数的全各向异性和导点的水力导电性。该方法的成功更多地取决于导频点的配置，而不是先验知识的质量，因为用错误随机先验初始化的集合成功地估计了协方差函数的正确参数，以及导频点的对数-水力导频值。由此产生的参数字段能够在验证期间准确预测水力水头，与具有各向同性协方差函数的集成相比，标准化均方根误差减少了66%。本研究提出的方法减轻了协方差函数的信息先验知识在地质统计参数推断方法中的重要性，特别是在高度各向异性的环境中。

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引用次数: 0

Experimental and numerical studies on the transport mechanism of clay particles in porous media considering double layer forces 考虑双层力的多孔介质中粘土颗粒输运机理的实验与数值研究

IF 4.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Advances in Water Resources

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.advwatres.2025.105145

Xiaoyi Zhao , Xiangjun Pei , Xiaochao Zhang , Mao Qiu , Renji Zhang

Micron- and nanoscale particles can cause varying degrees of pore clogging in porous media due to inter-particle forces, yet their role in seepage erosion remains unclear. This study couples computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and the discrete element method (DEM), incorporating Coulomb’s law and the Johnson–Kendall–Roberts model to simulate electrostatic repulsion and van der Waals attraction, respectively, while accounting for surface roughness and force distance. Through simulations of micron-scale clay particle seepage at varying flow rates, we systematically analyzed particle erosion, hydraulic conductivity, clogging types, and micromechanical fields. A custom-designed microfluidic chip, matching the numerical model, validated the simulations. Results show that inter-particle force and fluid resistance nearly doubled, and the clogging rate increased by ∼10 % when non-contact forces and surface roughness were considered. However, their influence diminished significantly at flow velocities above 1.6 mm/s. Dependent clogging dominated, particularly when strong force chains formed mid-pore, resisting breakup. The Kozeny–Carman equation explained 91.336 % of hydraulic conductivity variation. The findings contribute to the understanding and prediction of erosion processes in porous media, providing a theoretical basis for related engineering.

微米级和纳米级的颗粒由于颗粒间的作用力可以在多孔介质中引起不同程度的孔隙堵塞，但它们在渗流侵蚀中的作用尚不清楚。本研究将计算流体力学（CFD）和离散元法（DEM）相结合，结合库仑定律和Johnson-Kendall-Roberts模型分别模拟静电斥力和范德华引力，同时考虑表面粗糙度和力距离。通过对不同流速下微米尺度粘土颗粒渗流的模拟，系统分析了颗粒侵蚀、水力导电性、堵塞类型和微力学场。定制的微流控芯片与数值模型相匹配，验证了模拟结果。结果表明，当考虑非接触力和表面粗糙度时，颗粒间力和流体阻力几乎增加了一倍，堵塞率增加了约10%。然而，当流速超过1.6 mm/s时，它们的影响显著减弱。依赖性堵塞占主导地位，特别是当强力链在孔隙中形成时，抵抗破裂。Kozeny-Carman方程解释了91.336%的水力导率变化。研究结果有助于理解和预测多孔介质的侵蚀过程，为相关工程提供理论依据。

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引用次数: 0

A pore-scale numerical study of measuring residually trapped CO2 using partitioning tracers 利用分配示踪剂测量剩余捕获CO2的孔隙尺度数值研究

IF 4.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Advances in Water Resources

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.advwatres.2025.105142

H. Gao , N.K. Karadimitriou , D. Zhou , M. Fazio , H. Steeb , A.B. Tatomir , M. Sauter

Nonequilibrium partitioning caused by heterogeneous aquifers with complex non-aqueous phase entrapment configurations and high residual saturations can lead to inaccurate saturation estimates using a partitioning tracer test. This has been extensively investigated at the mesoscale or field scale. However, at a small scale (centimetres), the nonequilibrium partitioning can also be triggered by varying the local Péclet number even in homogeneous porous media. The effects of the nonequilibrium partitioning, induced by changes in the Péclet number, on moment and model-based analyses of breakthrough curve data are not yet fully understood. This study employs pore- and continuum-scale numerical simulations to investigate the nonequilibrium partitioning and transport of partitioning tracers at various Péclet numbers, residual saturations, and partitioning coefficients. The results suggest that the moment analysis is more accurate for the tests at small Péclet numbers, large distances between the injection and measurement locations, and small residual saturations. The characteristics of the breakthrough curves for the partitioning tracer strongly depend on the Péclet number. In non-equilibrium conditions, early concentration peaks, representing the fraction of the tracer that travels only in the aqueous phase, are observed. Moreover, the continuum-scale model-based analysis performs well for low partitioning coefficient conditions, with the partitioning mass transfer coefficient being linearly correlated to the Péclet number. In contrast, for high partitioning coefficients, the models are only matched by applying an effective partitioning coefficient, which depends on the residual saturation, the Péclet number, and the actual partitioning coefficient.

非平衡分配是由具有复杂非水相夹持构型和高残余饱和度的非均质含水层引起的，这可能导致使用分配示踪试验估算的饱和度不准确。这已经在中尺度或野外尺度上进行了广泛的研究。然而，在小尺度（厘米）下，即使在均匀多孔介质中，改变局部psamclet数也可以触发非平衡分配。由psamclet数变化引起的非平衡分配对突破曲线数据的矩和基于模型的分析的影响尚未完全了解。本研究采用孔隙尺度和连续尺度的数值模拟来研究在不同的passiclet数、剩余饱和度和分配系数下分配示踪剂的非平衡分配和转移。结果表明，在较小的psamclet数、较大的注射位置和测量位置之间的距离以及较小的残余饱和度的测试中，矩分析更为准确。分划示踪剂的突破曲线特征强烈依赖于psamclet数。在非平衡条件下，可以观察到早期浓度峰，即示踪剂仅在水相中传播的部分。此外，基于连续尺度模型的分析在低分配系数条件下表现良好，分配传质系数与psamclet数呈线性相关。相反，对于高分配系数，模型只能通过应用有效分配系数来匹配，有效分配系数取决于剩余饱和度、psamclet数和实际分配系数。

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引用次数: 0

Experimental assessment of the effect of porous groin on flow hydrodynamics in a meandering compound channel 多孔腹股沟对曲流复合沟道流体力学影响的实验研究

IF 4.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Advances in Water Resources

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.advwatres.2025.105137

Hosna Shafaei , Kazem Esmaili , AliAsghar Beheshti

In study, effect of porous groins on flow hydrodynamics in a meandering compound channel was experimentally investigated. Porous groins constructed from gravel materials with porosity levels of 20 %, 40 % and 60 % were evaluated. A three-dimensional acoustic velocimeter (ADV) was used to measure the velocity components in (x, y, and z) directions at 45,000 points for three porous groins. The findings indicated that the structural porosity plays a key role in governing flow stability and stress distribution, making it a critical factor in the efficient design of flood control and sediment transport structures. Changes in the porosity of groins not only affect the magnitude of hydrodynamic parameters such as kinetic energy (TKE), Reynolds shear stress (RSS) and secondary flow power (S.F.P), but also play a significant role in altering the spatial distribution patterns of these parameters. The results showed that the maximum S.F.P,

T K E / U_{0}^{2}

,

u / U_{0}

,

v / U_{0}

and

w / U_{0}

at 20 % porosity were 15.8 %, 41 %, 17.39 %, 40 % and 30 % higher than those observed at porous groins of 40 %, respectively. In addition, they were and 37.5 %, 85 %, 35 %, 250 % and 73.33 % higher than those observed at porous groins of 60 %, respectively. The results of Reynolds shear stress for three groins showed that the maximum shear stress in groin with 60 % porosity is 66.67 % and 75 % higher than those with 40 % and 20 % porosities, respectively. Understanding the impact of porous groins on the complex hydrodynamics of flood flows in meandering compound channel is a crucial step towards developing effective strategies for erosion control, optimal flood management, and maintaining the stability of hydraulic structures under natural and extreme conditions.

实验研究了多孔腹沟对曲流复合沟道内流体力学的影响。对孔隙度分别为20%、40%和60%的砾石材料构建的多孔腹股沟进行了评价。利用三维声速计（ADV）测量了3个多孔腹股沟45000个点上（x、y、z）方向的速度分量。研究结果表明，结构孔隙度对水流稳定性和应力分布具有关键控制作用，是有效设计防洪输沙结构的关键因素。腹沟孔隙度的变化不仅会影响动能（TKE）、雷诺数剪应力（RSS）和二次流功率（S.F.P）等水动力参数的大小，而且会改变这些参数的空间分布规律。结果表明：孔隙率为20%时的最大S.F.P、TKE/U02、u/U0、v/U0和w/U0分别比孔隙率为40%时高15.8%、41%、17.39%、40%和30%；分别比多孔腹股沟处高37.5%、85%、35%、250%和73.33%。3个腹股沟的雷诺数剪应力结果表明：孔隙度为60%的腹股沟的最大剪应力分别比孔隙度为40%和20%的腹股沟高66.67%和75%；了解多孔腹沟对曲流复合河道复杂水动力的影响，是制定有效的侵蚀控制策略、优化洪水管理、维护自然和极端条件下水工结构稳定的关键一步。

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引用次数: 0

Migration mechanisms of oil-water-sand three-phase flow in unconsolidated sandstones during water flooding: An image analysis approach resilient to threshold interference 水驱过程中松散砂岩油水砂三相流运移机理：一种适应阈值干扰的图像分析方法

IF 4.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Advances in Water Resources

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.advwatres.2025.105154

Maozhu Li, Yiqiang Li, Zhipeng Wang, Xinji Du, Lei Wang, Jinxin Cao, Zheyu Liu

Unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs exhibit high sand production susceptibility during water flooding, impairing fluid migration and well productivity. Elucidating three-phase (oil-water-sand) migration mechanisms and residual fluid distribution characteristics is critical for sanding rate prediction and fluid saturation estimation. This study examines sand migration and residual oil distribution during waterflooding in unconsolidated sandstone oil reservoirs. Using methylene blue-dyed water to flood artificial models, we replicated sand production patterns and quantified outcomes via novel image analysis. Results show that: In water flooding processes through heterogeneous unconsolidated sandstones, sand production rate exhibits a quadratic polynomial relationship with time. Greater fluctuation ranges in areal sweep variation rates indicate frequent flooding front diversions. Post-flood residual oil saturation measures 66.07–71.87 % in heterogeneous models versus 70.99–76.65 % in homogeneous counterparts. Residual oil saturation demonstrates broader distribution in swept zones of heterogeneous formations, whereas homogeneous systems show localized concentration. Strategic injection placement in high-permeability zones induces enhanced sweep efficiency when fluid propagates into low-permeability regions, establishing optimized drainage networks. These insights aid sand control and residual fluid management during fluid injection/production. The image analysis method enables pore-scale quantitative characterization for aquifer management and contaminant remediation.

松散砂岩储层在水驱过程中表现出高出砂敏感性，影响流体运移和油井产能。阐明油水砂三相运移机理和剩余流体分布特征对出砂速率预测和流体饱和度估计至关重要。研究了疏松砂岩油藏水驱过程中砂体运移和剩余油分布规律。利用亚甲基蓝染色水注入人工模型，我们复制出砂模式，并通过新的图像分析对结果进行量化。结果表明：在非均质松散砂岩水驱过程中，出砂速率与时间呈二次多项式关系；面扫变化率的较大波动范围表明频繁的洪水锋面转移。非均质模型的驱后剩余油饱和度为66.07 - 71.87%，而非均质模型的剩余油饱和度为70.99 - 76.65%。剩余油饱和度在非均质地层波及带中分布较广，而均质地层则集中于局部区域。当流体进入低渗透区域时，在高渗透区域的策略注入可以提高波及效率，从而建立优化的排水网络。这些见解有助于在注液/生产过程中进行防砂和残余流体管理。图像分析方法使孔隙尺度定量表征含水层管理和污染物修复。

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引用次数: 0