Advances in Water Resources最新文献_第7页

Spontaneous imbibition of unsaturated sandstone under different vertical temperature gradients: neutron radiography experiments and dynamic models 不同垂直温度梯度下非饱和砂岩的自发浸润：中子射线照相实验和动态模型

IF 4 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Advances in Water Resources

Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.advwatres.2024.104832

Jinbao Guo , Yixin Zhao , Linfeng He , Xiaodong Guo , Hua Shen , Sen Gao

To elucidate the imbibition behavior of water in complex temperature and stress environments, spontaneous imbibition experiments were conducted on unsaturated matrix sandstones at different vertical temperature gradients by neutron radiography technology. Additionally, corresponding dynamic models of water imbibition in porous media were established. The research results reveal the phased characteristics of sandstone spontaneous imbibition and the influence of vertical temperature gradient on the evolution of wetting front. Specifically, the initial development speed of the wetting front increases with an increase in the vertical temperature gradient, indicating a direct relationship. However, the growth rate of the wetting front gradually slows down with increasing time, eventually reaching a saturated state. Model validation demonstrates that the traditional Washburn's law is still valid in isothermal conditions without temperature gradient (G=0). Further analysis indicates that the imbibition rate has a direct correlation with linear thermal expansion coefficient (α) and viscosity temperature coefficient (β) across various vertical temperature gradients, and an inverse correlation with surface tension temperature coefficient (γ). Furthermore, when the values of α, β, and γ fall below 0.001, their impact on the imbibition rate becomes negligible. The sensitivity of the imbibition rate to parameters γ, β, and α decreases in that order, with γ being the most sensitive, followed by β, and α being the least sensitive. Moreover, the relative importance of α, β, and γ dictates their specific influence on the imbibition rate, and a synergistic effect exists among these parameters, which collectively influence the water absorption behavior of sandstone.

为阐明水在复杂温度和应力环境下的浸润行为，利用中子射线照相技术对不同垂直温度梯度下的非饱和基质砂岩进行了自发浸润实验。此外，还建立了相应的水在多孔介质中浸润的动态模型。研究结果揭示了砂岩自发浸润的阶段性特征以及垂直温度梯度对浸润前沿演变的影响。具体而言，湿润锋的初始发展速度随着垂直温度梯度的增加而增加，表明两者之间存在直接关系。然而，随着时间的增加，湿润锋的增长速度逐渐减慢，最终达到饱和状态。模型验证表明，在无温度梯度（G=0）的等温条件下，传统的沃什伯恩定律仍然有效。进一步的分析表明，在不同的垂直温度梯度下，浸润率与线性热膨胀系数（α）和粘度温度系数（β）直接相关，而与表面张力温度系数（γ）反向相关。此外，当 α、β 和 γ 的值低于 0.001 时，它们对浸润率的影响变得可以忽略不计。浸润率对参数 γ、β 和 α 的敏感性依次降低，其中 γ 最敏感，β 次之，α 最不敏感。此外，α、β 和 γ 的相对重要性决定了它们对浸润率的具体影响，这些参数之间存在协同效应，共同影响砂岩的吸水行为。

{"title":"Spontaneous imbibition of unsaturated sandstone under different vertical temperature gradients: neutron radiography experiments and dynamic models","authors":"Jinbao Guo , Yixin Zhao , Linfeng He , Xiaodong Guo , Hua Shen , Sen Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.advwatres.2024.104832","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advwatres.2024.104832","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To elucidate the imbibition behavior of water in complex temperature and stress environments, spontaneous imbibition experiments were conducted on unsaturated matrix sandstones at different vertical temperature gradients by neutron radiography technology. Additionally, corresponding dynamic models of water imbibition in porous media were established. The research results reveal the phased characteristics of sandstone spontaneous imbibition and the influence of vertical temperature gradient on the evolution of wetting front. Specifically, the initial development speed of the wetting front increases with an increase in the vertical temperature gradient, indicating a direct relationship. However, the growth rate of the wetting front gradually slows down with increasing time, eventually reaching a saturated state. Model validation demonstrates that the traditional Washburn's law is still valid in isothermal conditions without temperature gradient (G=0). Further analysis indicates that the imbibition rate has a direct correlation with linear thermal expansion coefficient (α) and viscosity temperature coefficient (β) across various vertical temperature gradients, and an inverse correlation with surface tension temperature coefficient (γ). Furthermore, when the values of α, β, and γ fall below 0.001, their impact on the imbibition rate becomes negligible. The sensitivity of the imbibition rate to parameters γ, β, and α decreases in that order, with γ being the most sensitive, followed by β, and α being the least sensitive. Moreover, the relative importance of α, β, and γ dictates their specific influence on the imbibition rate, and a synergistic effect exists among these parameters, which collectively influence the water absorption behavior of sandstone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7614,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Water Resources","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 104832"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Upscaling transport in heterogeneous media featuring local-scale dispersion: Flow channeling, macro-retardation and parameter prediction 以局部尺度弥散为特征的异质介质中的放大传输：流道、宏观阻滞和参数预测

IF 4 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Advances in Water Resources

Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.advwatres.2024.104830

Lian Zhou, Scott K. Hansen

Many theoretical treatments of transport in heterogeneous Darcy flows consider advection only. When local-scale dispersion is neglected, flux weighting persists over time; mean Lagrangian and Eulerian flow velocity distributions relate simply to each other and to the variance of the underlying hydraulic conductivity field. Local-scale dispersion complicates this relationship, potentially causing initially flux-weighted solute to experience lower-velocity regions as well as Taylor-type macrodispersion due to transverse solute movement between adjacent streamlines. To investigate the interplay of local-scale dispersion with conductivity log-variance, correlation length, and anisotropy, we perform a Monte Carlo study of flow and advective-dispersive transport in spatially-periodic 2D Darcy flows in large-scale, high-resolution multivariate Gaussian random conductivity fields. We observe flow channeling at all heterogeneity levels and quantify its extent. We find evidence for substantial effective retardation in the upscaled system, associated with increased flow channeling, and observe limited Taylor-type macrodispersion, which we physically explain. A quasi-constant Lagrangian velocity is achieved within a short distance of release, allowing usage of a simplified continuous-time random walk (CTRW) model we previously proposed in which the transition time distribution is understood as a temporal mapping of unit time in an equivalent system with no flow heterogeneity. The numerical data set is modeled with such a CTRW; we show how dimensionless parameters defining the CTRW transition time distribution are predicted by dimensionless heterogeneity statistics and provide empirical equations for this purpose.

许多关于异质达西流输运的理论研究只考虑了平流。当忽略局部尺度弥散时，通量加权会随着时间的推移而持续存在；拉格朗日和欧拉平均流速分布彼此简单相关，并与底层水力传导场的方差相关。局部尺度色散会使这种关系复杂化，可能导致最初通量加权的溶质经历低速区域，以及由于相邻流线之间的溶质横向移动而产生泰勒型宏观色散。为了研究局部尺度色散与电导率对数方差、相关长度和各向异性之间的相互作用，我们在大尺度、高分辨率多变量高斯随机电导率场中对空间周期性二维达西流的流动和平流-色散传输进行了蒙特卡罗研究。我们在所有异质性水平上都观察到了流动通道，并对其程度进行了量化。我们发现在放大系统中存在大量有效迟滞的证据，这与流动通道的增加有关，并观察到有限的泰勒型宏观分散，我们对此进行了物理解释。在释放后的短距离内，拉格朗日速度达到了准恒定，这就允许使用我们之前提出的简化连续时间随机行走（CTRW）模型，其中过渡时间分布被理解为无流动异质性的等效系统中单位时间的时间映射。数值数据集就是用这样的 CTRW 模型建立的；我们展示了定义 CTRW 过渡时间分布的无量纲参数是如何通过无量纲异质性统计进行预测的，并为此提供了经验方程。

{"title":"Upscaling transport in heterogeneous media featuring local-scale dispersion: Flow channeling, macro-retardation and parameter prediction","authors":"Lian Zhou, Scott K. Hansen","doi":"10.1016/j.advwatres.2024.104830","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advwatres.2024.104830","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Many theoretical treatments of transport in heterogeneous Darcy flows consider advection only. When local-scale dispersion is neglected, flux weighting persists over time; mean Lagrangian and Eulerian flow velocity distributions relate simply to each other and to the variance of the underlying hydraulic conductivity field. Local-scale dispersion complicates this relationship, potentially causing initially flux-weighted solute to experience lower-velocity regions as well as Taylor-type macrodispersion due to transverse solute movement between adjacent streamlines. To investigate the interplay of local-scale dispersion with conductivity log-variance, correlation length, and anisotropy, we perform a Monte Carlo study of flow and advective-dispersive transport in spatially-periodic 2D Darcy flows in large-scale, high-resolution multivariate Gaussian random conductivity fields. We observe flow channeling at all heterogeneity levels and quantify its extent. We find evidence for substantial effective retardation in the upscaled system, associated with increased flow channeling, and observe limited Taylor-type macrodispersion, which we physically explain. A quasi-constant Lagrangian velocity is achieved within a short distance of release, allowing usage of a simplified continuous-time random walk (CTRW) model we previously proposed in which the transition time distribution is understood as a temporal mapping of unit time in an equivalent system with no flow heterogeneity. The numerical data set is modeled with such a CTRW; we show how dimensionless parameters defining the CTRW transition time distribution are predicted by dimensionless heterogeneity statistics and provide empirical equations for this purpose.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7614,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Water Resources","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 104830"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diffusiophoresis of colloids in partially-saturated porous media 胶体在部分饱和多孔介质中的扩散作用

IF 4 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Advances in Water Resources

Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.advwatres.2024.104828

Mamta Jotkar , Ilan Ben-Noah , Juan J. Hidalgo , Marco Dentz

It is known that structural heterogeneity induced by the distribution of the water and air phases creates complex flow patterns with a broad distribution of flow velocities, which in turn control key aspects of transport including arrival and residence times, dispersion and spatial distributions of dissolved salts and suspended colloidal particles. Stagnation zones serve as hot spots where colloidal particles can get entrapped, providing a challenging task in controlling their transport. Recent investigations in simple confined geometries suggest diffusiophoresis, the colloid migration driven by local salt gradients, to be an efficient mechanism to control colloidal migration. However, despite its potential, diffusiophoresis in complex porous media remains poorly understood. We use detailed numerical simulations to unravel the effects of diffusiophoresis occurring at pore-scale on the macroscopic dispersion of colloids in partially-saturated porous media with different water-saturation degrees. Diffusiophoresis can promote particle retention or removal, depending on the diffusiophoretic mobility. For fully-saturated media, the pore-scale dynamics due to diffusiophoresis are manifested in the long-time tailing of the breakthrough curves. For partially-saturated media as the degree of water-saturation decreases and flow heterogeneity increases, we observe accumulation and depletion effects in the colloid breakthrough curves which can be traced back to trapping and release in dead-end zones. Finally, our results suggest that colloid mobilisation and retention due to diffusiophoresis can be controlled by the flow rate of the injected salt solution.

众所周知，水相和气相的分布所导致的结构异质性会形成复杂的流动模式，并产生广泛的流速分布，进而控制包括到达时间和停留时间、溶解盐和悬浮胶体颗粒的分散和空间分布在内的传输的关键方面。停滞区是胶体颗粒可能被困住的热点，为控制胶体颗粒的迁移带来了挑战。最近在简单封闭几何结构中进行的研究表明，由局部盐梯度驱动的胶体迁移（diffusiophoresis）是控制胶体迁移的有效机制。然而，尽管具有潜力，人们对复杂多孔介质中的扩散oresis仍然知之甚少。我们通过详细的数值模拟，揭示了在孔隙尺度上发生的扩散泳动对不同水饱和度的部分饱和多孔介质中胶体宏观分散的影响。扩散泳可以促进颗粒的滞留或去除，具体取决于扩散流动性。对于完全饱和的介质，扩散泳引起的孔隙尺度动力学表现为突破曲线的长时间拖尾。对于部分饱和介质，随着水饱和度的降低和流动异质性的增加，我们观察到胶体突破曲线中的积累和耗竭效应，这可以追溯到死角区的捕获和释放。最后，我们的研究结果表明，扩散泳引起的胶体移动和滞留可由注入盐溶液的流速控制。

{"title":"Diffusiophoresis of colloids in partially-saturated porous media","authors":"Mamta Jotkar , Ilan Ben-Noah , Juan J. Hidalgo , Marco Dentz","doi":"10.1016/j.advwatres.2024.104828","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advwatres.2024.104828","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It is known that structural heterogeneity induced by the distribution of the water and air phases creates complex flow patterns with a broad distribution of flow velocities, which in turn control key aspects of transport including arrival and residence times, dispersion and spatial distributions of dissolved salts and suspended colloidal particles. Stagnation zones serve as hot spots where colloidal particles can get entrapped, providing a challenging task in controlling their transport. Recent investigations in simple confined geometries suggest diffusiophoresis, the colloid migration driven by local salt gradients, to be an efficient mechanism to control colloidal migration. However, despite its potential, diffusiophoresis in complex porous media remains poorly understood. We use detailed numerical simulations to unravel the effects of diffusiophoresis occurring at pore-scale on the macroscopic dispersion of colloids in partially-saturated porous media with different water-saturation degrees. Diffusiophoresis can promote particle retention or removal, depending on the diffusiophoretic mobility. For fully-saturated media, the pore-scale dynamics due to diffusiophoresis are manifested in the long-time tailing of the breakthrough curves. For partially-saturated media as the degree of water-saturation decreases and flow heterogeneity increases, we observe accumulation and depletion effects in the colloid breakthrough curves which can be traced back to trapping and release in dead-end zones. Finally, our results suggest that colloid mobilisation and retention due to diffusiophoresis can be controlled by the flow rate of the injected salt solution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7614,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Water Resources","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 104828"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142419711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A generalized kinetic theory of Ostwald ripening in porous media 多孔介质中奥斯特瓦尔德熟化的广义动力学理论

IF 4 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Advances in Water Resources

Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.advwatres.2024.104826

Nicolas Bueno, Luis Ayala, Yashar Mehmani

Partially miscible bubbles (e.g., CO

_{2}

) trapped inside a porous medium and surrounded by a wetting phase (e.g., water) occur in a number of applications including underground hydrogen storage, geologic carbon sequestration, and the operation of electrochemcial devices such as fuel cells and electrolyzers. Such bubbles evolve due to a process called Ostwald ripening that is driven by differences in their interfacial curvature. For spherical bubbles, small bubbles shrink and vanish while feeding into larger ones, resulting in one large bubble at equilibrium. Within the confinement of a porous medium, however, bubbles can attain a distribution of sizes at equilibrium that have identical curvature. This work concerns itself with the formulation of a kinetic theory that predicts the statistical evolution of bubble states, defined as the sizes of the pores within which bubbles are trapped and the extent to which those pores are saturated with bubbles. The theory consists of a population balance equation and appropriate closure approximations. Systematic comparisons against a previously published pore network model (PNM) are conducted to validate the theory. Our theory generalizes existing variants in the literature limited to spherical bubbles trapped in homogeneous media to non-spherical (deformed) bubbles inside microstructures with arbitrary heterogeneity and spatial correlation in pore/throat sizes. We discuss the applicability, limitations, and implications of the theory towards future extensions.

被困在多孔介质中并被润湿相（如水）包围的部分混溶气泡（如二氧化碳）在许多应用中都会出现，包括地下储氢、地质碳封存以及燃料电池和电解器等电化学设备的运行。这种气泡的演变过程称为奥斯特瓦尔德熟化（Ostwald ripening），由其界面曲率的差异驱动。对于球形气泡，小气泡会收缩并消失，同时注入大气泡，从而在平衡状态下形成一个大气泡。然而，在多孔介质的限制下，气泡可以在平衡时达到具有相同曲率的大小分布。气泡状态被定义为气泡被困孔隙的大小以及这些孔隙被气泡饱和的程度。该理论由种群平衡方程和适当的闭合近似值组成。为了验证该理论，我们将其与之前公布的孔隙网络模型（PNM）进行了系统比较。我们的理论将文献中局限于困在均质介质中的球形气泡的现有变体推广到具有任意异质性和孔隙/咽喉尺寸空间相关性的微结构内的非球形（变形）气泡。我们讨论了该理论的适用性、局限性和对未来扩展的影响。

{"title":"A generalized kinetic theory of Ostwald ripening in porous media","authors":"Nicolas Bueno, Luis Ayala, Yashar Mehmani","doi":"10.1016/j.advwatres.2024.104826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advwatres.2024.104826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Partially miscible bubbles (e.g., CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>) trapped inside a porous medium and surrounded by a wetting phase (e.g., water) occur in a number of applications including underground hydrogen storage, geologic carbon sequestration, and the operation of electrochemcial devices such as fuel cells and electrolyzers. Such bubbles evolve due to a process called Ostwald ripening that is driven by differences in their interfacial curvature. For spherical bubbles, small bubbles shrink and vanish while feeding into larger ones, resulting in one large bubble at equilibrium. Within the confinement of a porous medium, however, bubbles can attain a distribution of sizes at equilibrium that have identical curvature. This work concerns itself with the formulation of a kinetic theory that predicts the statistical evolution of bubble <em>states</em>, defined as the sizes of the pores within which bubbles are trapped and the extent to which those pores are saturated with bubbles. The theory consists of a population balance equation and appropriate closure approximations. Systematic comparisons against a previously published pore network model (PNM) are conducted to validate the theory. Our theory generalizes existing variants in the literature limited to spherical bubbles trapped in homogeneous media to non-spherical (deformed) bubbles inside microstructures with arbitrary heterogeneity and spatial correlation in pore/throat sizes. We discuss the applicability, limitations, and implications of the theory towards future extensions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7614,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Water Resources","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 104826"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142329763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigating supercritical flow characteristics and movement of sediment particles in a narrow channel bend using PTV and video footage 利用 PTV 和视频录像调查超临界水流特性以及狭窄河道弯道中沉积物颗粒的移动情况

IF 4 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Advances in Water Resources

Pub Date : 2024-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.advwatres.2024.104827

Subhojit Kadia , I.A. Sofia Larsson , Mats Billstein , Nils Rüther , Leif Lia , Elena Pummer

This experimental study investigates the cause of nonuniform invert abrasion observed at sediment bypass tunnel (SBT) bends by examining the variations in velocity distributions, turbulence properties, bed shear stress, and bulk sediment movements under three supercritical bend flow conditions, detailed investigation of such flow is scarce. Using a laboratory-scaled model (1:22) of the downstream bend at Solis SBT, Switzerland, the research utilized particle tracking velocimetry and high-speed cameras with spherical sandstones and glass spheres representing sediments. The results indicate that as the secondary currents develop in the flow direction, the flow properties and sediments redistribute across the channel: the high-momentum fluids are directed toward the outer wall, the bed shear stress increases toward the outer wall, and the sediments are pushed toward the inner wall, which then follow this path downstream, even in straight sections, despite lower bed shear stress. This distribution of sediments, driven by secondary currents, leads to deeper invert abrasions toward the inner wall at SBT bends and downstream sections. Thus, these abrasions are primarily influenced by sediment movement rather than the bed shear stress alone. The study's findings are also valuable for validating future numerical simulations.

本实验研究通过考察三种超临界弯道流动条件下的速度分布、湍流特性、床面剪应力和大量沉积物运动的变化，研究了在沉积物旁路隧道（SBT）弯道处观察到的不均匀内侧磨损的原因。这项研究利用瑞士索利斯 SBT 下游弯道的实验室缩放模型（1:22），使用颗粒跟踪测速仪和高速照相机，用球形砂石和玻璃球代表沉积物。研究结果表明，随着次级水流在水流方向的发展，水流特性和沉积物在整个水道中重新分布：高动量流体流向外壁，床面剪应力向外壁增加，沉积物被推向内壁，然后沿着这条路径向下游移动，即使在直线段也是如此，尽管床面剪应力较低。在次级水流的推动下，沉积物的这种分布导致在 SBT 弯道和下游河段出现更深的内壁磨损。因此，这些磨损主要是受沉积物运动的影响，而不仅仅是受河床剪应力的影响。研究结果对于验证未来的数值模拟也很有价值。

{"title":"Investigating supercritical flow characteristics and movement of sediment particles in a narrow channel bend using PTV and video footage","authors":"Subhojit Kadia , I.A. Sofia Larsson , Mats Billstein , Nils Rüther , Leif Lia , Elena Pummer","doi":"10.1016/j.advwatres.2024.104827","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advwatres.2024.104827","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This experimental study investigates the cause of nonuniform invert abrasion observed at sediment bypass tunnel (SBT) bends by examining the variations in velocity distributions, turbulence properties, bed shear stress, and bulk sediment movements under three supercritical bend flow conditions, detailed investigation of such flow is scarce. Using a laboratory-scaled model (1:22) of the downstream bend at Solis SBT, Switzerland, the research utilized particle tracking velocimetry and high-speed cameras with spherical sandstones and glass spheres representing sediments. The results indicate that as the secondary currents develop in the flow direction, the flow properties and sediments redistribute across the channel: the high-momentum fluids are directed toward the outer wall, the bed shear stress increases toward the outer wall, and the sediments are pushed toward the inner wall, which then follow this path downstream, even in straight sections, despite lower bed shear stress. This distribution of sediments, driven by secondary currents, leads to deeper invert abrasions toward the inner wall at SBT bends and downstream sections. Thus, these abrasions are primarily influenced by sediment movement rather than the bed shear stress alone. The study's findings are also valuable for validating future numerical simulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7614,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Water Resources","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 104827"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142419709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dynamics of bedload transport under run-up wave by gravel resolved scheme based on 3D DEM-MPS coupling 基于三维 DEM-MPS 耦合的砾石解析方案研究波浪上升时的床面负荷迁移动力学

IF 4 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Advances in Water Resources

Pub Date : 2024-09-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.advwatres.2024.104824

Takumi Tazaki, Eiji Harada, Hitoshi Gotoh

Accurate predictions of morphological changes in swash zones require a detailed understanding of sediment transport mechanisms, which are strongly related to bore-induced vortices and turbulence, surface-subsurface interactions, namely, infiltrate/exfiltrate flow, and swash-swash interactions. However, obtaining experimental or field measurements of instantaneous velocity and sediment flux is challenging owing to the suspended sediment, turbulence, and shallow depth characteristics of these regions. The present study simulates the gravel bedload transport under a dam-break bore at a grain-resolved spatial scale. The simulation uses a 3D Lagrangian–Lagrangian solid–fluid coupled model comprising the moving particle semi-implicit (MPS) method for a violent swash flow and the discrete element method (DEM) for gravels. The simulated water depth, velocity, and sediment flux agree with existing experimental results during a run-up. The gravel transport mechanisms for the lower, mid, and upper swash zones were discussed. Discussions on bedload mechanisms reveal that bore-generated horizontal vortices can reduce the onshore velocity near the beach surface, reducing sediment flux in the lower swash zone. Modified Shields numbers investigate the seepage effects: the frequently used standard Shields number value is insufficient to estimate bedload flux under the intense infiltration in the mid-swash zone. The simulation result also elucidates the turbulence characteristics in the upper swash zone.

要准确预测斜流区内的形态变化，就必须详细了解沉积物的迁移机制，这与钻孔引起的涡流和湍流、表层与次表层的相互作用（即渗入/渗出流）以及斜流与斜流的相互作用密切相关。然而，由于这些区域的悬浮沉积物、湍流和浅水特性，获取瞬时速度和沉积物流量的实验或实地测量数据非常困难。本研究以颗粒分辨的空间尺度模拟了溃坝孔下的砾石床载输移。模拟采用了三维拉格朗日-拉格朗日固-流体耦合模型，其中包括针对剧烈斜流的移动颗粒半隐式（MPS）方法和针对砾石的离散元方法（DEM）。模拟的水深、流速和泥沙通量与现有试验结果一致。讨论了下、中、上斜流区的砾石输运机制。关于床面负荷机制的讨论表明，钻孔产生的水平涡流可降低海滩表面附近的岸上速度，从而减少下斜流区的沉积通量。修正的希尔兹数研究了渗流效应：常用的标准希尔兹数值不足以估算中冲刷带强渗流情况下的泥沙通量。模拟结果还阐明了上游冲刷区的湍流特征。

{"title":"Dynamics of bedload transport under run-up wave by gravel resolved scheme based on 3D DEM-MPS coupling","authors":"Takumi Tazaki, Eiji Harada, Hitoshi Gotoh","doi":"10.1016/j.advwatres.2024.104824","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advwatres.2024.104824","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate predictions of morphological changes in swash zones require a detailed understanding of sediment transport mechanisms, which are strongly related to bore-induced vortices and turbulence, surface-subsurface interactions, namely, infiltrate/exfiltrate flow, and swash-swash interactions. However, obtaining experimental or field measurements of instantaneous velocity and sediment flux is challenging owing to the suspended sediment, turbulence, and shallow depth characteristics of these regions. The present study simulates the gravel bedload transport under a dam-break bore at a grain-resolved spatial scale. The simulation uses a 3D Lagrangian–Lagrangian solid–fluid coupled model comprising the moving particle semi-implicit (MPS) method for a violent swash flow and the discrete element method (DEM) for gravels. The simulated water depth, velocity, and sediment flux agree with existing experimental results during a run-up. The gravel transport mechanisms for the lower, mid, and upper swash zones were discussed. Discussions on bedload mechanisms reveal that bore-generated horizontal vortices can reduce the onshore velocity near the beach surface, reducing sediment flux in the lower swash zone. Modified Shields numbers investigate the seepage effects: the frequently used standard Shields number value is insufficient to estimate bedload flux under the intense infiltration in the mid-swash zone. The simulation result also elucidates the turbulence characteristics in the upper swash zone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7614,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Water Resources","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 104824"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142322774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Density-driven free convection in heterogeneous aquifers with connectivity features 具有连通性特征的异质含水层中的密度驱动自由对流

IF 4 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Advances in Water Resources

Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.advwatres.2024.104825

Hongkai Li , Lei Zhang , Yu Ye , Chunhui Lu

Free convection usually happens in variable-density groundwater flow systems, and it favors contaminant transport by enlarging length scales and shortening timescales compared to advection and diffusion/dispersion alone. Previous studies have demonstrated that heterogeneity with multi-variate Gaussian distribution for logarithmic permeabilities (log₁₀k) plays an important role in the onset, growth, and/or decay of instability during the density-driven convective process. Nevertheless, the connectivity features (i.e., connected structures of extremely high/low-k values), which are common in natural aquifers, have received little attention. In this study, the classical problem of transient free convection has been modified and numerically simulated by Monte Carlo approach to investigate the effects of connectivity features in heterogeneity on the unstable convective processes. Results show that free convection is promoted by the connected high-k structures and retarded by the connected low-k structures during mainly the early-stage mass loading. The impacts of connectivity features tend to be amplified by higher variation in log₁₀k distributions, and can be secondarily influenced by correlation lengths and anisotropy. Under the multi-variate Gaussian assumption, the existence of connected high-k structures leads to underestimation of density-driven instability, in which the risk differs based on the statistics of permeability fields, metrics of interest and timeframe. This study highlights the importance of understanding connectivity features in heterogeneous geological media when assessing density-dependent solute transport in groundwater systems.

自由对流通常发生在密度可变的地下水流系统中，与单纯的平流和扩散/弥散相比，自由对流通过扩大长度尺度和缩短时间尺度而有利于污染物的迁移。以往的研究表明，在密度驱动的对流过程中，具有对数渗透率（log10k）多变量高斯分布的异质性在不稳定性的发生、增长和/或衰减方面起着重要作用。然而，天然含水层中常见的连通性特征（即 k 值极高/极低的连通结构）却很少受到关注。本研究对经典的瞬态自由对流问题进行了修改，并采用蒙特卡罗方法进行了数值模拟，以研究异质性中的连通性特征对不稳定对流过程的影响。结果表明，自由对流主要在质量加载的早期阶段受到连通的高 K 结构的促进，而受到连通的低 K 结构的阻碍。连通性特征的影响往往会因 log10k 分布的较大变化而放大，其次还会受到相关长度和各向异性的影响。在多变量高斯假设下，连通性高k结构的存在会导致低估密度驱动的不稳定性，其中的风险根据渗透率场的统计、感兴趣的指标和时间范围而有所不同。这项研究强调了在评估地下水系统中依赖密度的溶质输运时，了解异质地质介质中连通性特征的重要性。

{"title":"Density-driven free convection in heterogeneous aquifers with connectivity features","authors":"Hongkai Li , Lei Zhang , Yu Ye , Chunhui Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.advwatres.2024.104825","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advwatres.2024.104825","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Free convection usually happens in variable-density groundwater flow systems, and it favors contaminant transport by enlarging length scales and shortening timescales compared to advection and diffusion/dispersion alone. Previous studies have demonstrated that heterogeneity with multi-variate Gaussian distribution for logarithmic permeabilities (log<sub>10</sub><em>k</em>) plays an important role in the onset, growth, and/or decay of instability during the density-driven convective process. Nevertheless, the connectivity features (i.e., connected structures of extremely high/low-<em>k</em> values), which are common in natural aquifers, have received little attention. In this study, the classical problem of transient free convection has been modified and numerically simulated by Monte Carlo approach to investigate the effects of connectivity features in heterogeneity on the unstable convective processes. Results show that free convection is promoted by the connected high-<em>k</em> structures and retarded by the connected low-<em>k</em> structures during mainly the early-stage mass loading. The impacts of connectivity features tend to be amplified by higher variation in log<sub>10</sub><em>k</em> distributions, and can be secondarily influenced by correlation lengths and anisotropy. Under the multi-variate Gaussian assumption, the existence of connected high-<em>k</em> structures leads to underestimation of density-driven instability, in which the risk differs based on the statistics of permeability fields, metrics of interest and timeframe. This study highlights the importance of understanding connectivity features in heterogeneous geological media when assessing density-dependent solute transport in groundwater systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7614,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Water Resources","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 104825"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142327841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nanoparticle transport in partially saturated porous media: Attachment at fluid interfaces 纳米粒子在部分饱和多孔介质中的传输：流体界面的附着

IF 4 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Advances in Water Resources

Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.advwatres.2024.104816

Youssra Rahham, Stephen Dauphinais, Jeff T. Gostick, Marios A. Ioannidis

Like the solid-water interface (SWI), air-water and oil-water interfaces (AWI and OWI) also act as collectors for nano-sized particles in porous media. The attachment of hydrophobic nanoparticles, which is often favorable and irreversible, is of particular interest because the transport and retention of such particles is closely linked to the fate of nanoplastics in unsaturated subsurface environments and the success of nanoremediation practices. Here, we show how a pore-network model (PNM) can be used to upscale the kinetics and extent of irreversible nanoparticle attachment at a single fluid-fluid interface under conditions of advection and dispersion in a sphere packing. By focusing on a trapped (immobile) non-wetting phase, we highlight a fundamental difference between the single-collector contact efficiency of AWI/OWI and SWI. Namely, AWI/OWI collectors, which are largely by-passed by the flowing aqueous phase, are exposed to a hydrodynamic environment dominated by diffusion. This difference has profound implications for the modelling of nanoparticle transport in porous media at the continuum (Darcy) scale. This study reveals the potential of pore network modelling as an essential complement to continuum models for upscaling the behavior of nanocolloids in porous media.

与固-水界面（SWI）一样，气-水和油-水界面（AWI 和 OWI）也是多孔介质中纳米颗粒的收集器。疏水性纳米颗粒的附着通常是有利的且不可逆的，这一点尤其引人关注，因为此类颗粒的迁移和滞留与纳米塑料在非饱和地下环境中的命运以及纳米补救措施的成功与否密切相关。在此，我们展示了如何利用孔隙网络模型（PNM）来放大单一流体-流体界面上不可逆纳米粒子在球状填料的平流和分散条件下的附着动力学和程度。通过关注被困（不移动）的非润湿相，我们强调了 AWI/OWI 和 SWI 的单收集器接触效率之间的根本区别。也就是说，AWI/OWI 收集器在很大程度上被流动的水相绕过，暴露在以扩散为主的水动力环境中。这种差异对于在连续（达西）尺度上模拟多孔介质中的纳米粒子传输有着深远的影响。这项研究揭示了孔隙网络建模的潜力，它是连续介质模型的重要补充，可用于放大纳米胶体在多孔介质中的行为。

{"title":"Nanoparticle transport in partially saturated porous media: Attachment at fluid interfaces","authors":"Youssra Rahham, Stephen Dauphinais, Jeff T. Gostick, Marios A. Ioannidis","doi":"10.1016/j.advwatres.2024.104816","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advwatres.2024.104816","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Like the solid-water interface (SWI), air-water and oil-water interfaces (AWI and OWI) also act as collectors for nano-sized particles in porous media. The attachment of hydrophobic nanoparticles, which is often favorable and irreversible, is of particular interest because the transport and retention of such particles is closely linked to the fate of nanoplastics in unsaturated subsurface environments and the success of nanoremediation practices. Here, we show how a pore-network model (PNM) can be used to upscale the kinetics and extent of irreversible nanoparticle attachment at a single fluid-fluid interface under conditions of advection and dispersion in a sphere packing. By focusing on a trapped (immobile) non-wetting phase, we highlight a fundamental difference between the single-collector contact efficiency of AWI/OWI and SWI. Namely, AWI/OWI collectors, which are largely by-passed by the flowing aqueous phase, are exposed to a hydrodynamic environment dominated by diffusion. This difference has profound implications for the modelling of nanoparticle transport in porous media at the continuum (Darcy) scale. This study reveals the potential of pore network modelling as an essential complement to continuum models for upscaling the behavior of nanocolloids in porous media.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7614,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Water Resources","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 104816"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142327840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Numerical modeling of transient water table in shallow unconfined aquifers: A hyperbolic theory and well-balanced finite volume scheme 浅层无压含水层瞬态地下水位的数值建模：双曲理论和均衡有限体积方案

IF 4 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Advances in Water Resources

Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.advwatres.2024.104820

Ying-Hsin Wu, Eiichi Nakakita

We present a new methodology capable of modeling transient motion of shallow phreatic surface of groundwater in unconfined aquifers. This methodology is founded on a new and comprehensive theory for water table motion and a corresponding efficient numerical scheme. In the theoretical aspect, we derived a new set of governing equations constituted by a depth-averaged continuity equation and momentum equations based on unsteady Darcy’s law. The derived governing equations are of the hyperbolic type and possess stiff terms in the momentum equations due to the inertia motion in a characteristic time scale that is relatively shorter than the time scale of seepage motion. To effectively solve the derived hyperbolic system with stiff terms, in the numerical aspect, we utilize f-wave propagation algorithm, an explicit finite volume method, that can ensure numerical convergence and well-balancing solutions when momentum is rapidly relaxing to an equilibrium of steady state. Verification is successfully performed by comparing the results with analytic solutions to the classic problem of multidimensional spreading of a groundwater mound. This study demonstrates that the proposed methodology can accurately and satisfactorily simulate the spatiotemporal distribution of shallow water table and its wetting front in unconfined aquifers.

我们提出了一种能够模拟非承压含水层中地下水浅层岩相面瞬态运动的新方法。该方法建立在新的地下水位运动综合理论和相应的高效数值方案之上。在理论方面，我们根据非稳态达西定律推导出一套新的控制方程，由深度平均连续性方程和动量方程构成。推导出的控制方程属于双曲型，由于惯性运动的特征时间尺度比渗流运动的时间尺度相对较短，因此动量方程中存在僵化项。为了有效求解衍生的双曲系统，在数值方面，我们采用了 f 波传播算法，这是一种显式有限体积法，当动量快速松弛到稳态平衡时，可以确保数值收敛和平衡求解。通过将结果与地下水丘多维扩散经典问题的解析解进行比较，成功地进行了验证。这项研究表明，所提出的方法可以准确和令人满意地模拟非承压含水层中浅层地下水位的时空分布及其湿润前沿。

{"title":"Numerical modeling of transient water table in shallow unconfined aquifers: A hyperbolic theory and well-balanced finite volume scheme","authors":"Ying-Hsin Wu, Eiichi Nakakita","doi":"10.1016/j.advwatres.2024.104820","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advwatres.2024.104820","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present a new methodology capable of modeling transient motion of shallow phreatic surface of groundwater in unconfined aquifers. This methodology is founded on a new and comprehensive theory for water table motion and a corresponding efficient numerical scheme. In the theoretical aspect, we derived a new set of governing equations constituted by a depth-averaged continuity equation and momentum equations based on unsteady Darcy’s law. The derived governing equations are of the hyperbolic type and possess stiff terms in the momentum equations due to the inertia motion in a characteristic time scale that is relatively shorter than the time scale of seepage motion. To effectively solve the derived hyperbolic system with stiff terms, in the numerical aspect, we utilize <em>f</em>-wave propagation algorithm, an explicit finite volume method, that can ensure numerical convergence and well-balancing solutions when momentum is rapidly relaxing to an equilibrium of steady state. Verification is successfully performed by comparing the results with analytic solutions to the classic problem of multidimensional spreading of a groundwater mound. This study demonstrates that the proposed methodology can accurately and satisfactorily simulate the spatiotemporal distribution of shallow water table and its wetting front in unconfined aquifers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7614,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Water Resources","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 104820"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0309170824002070/pdfft?md5=a039eb9377fc4092d60f707501aeabf4&pid=1-s2.0-S0309170824002070-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142275669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A simple and robust approach for adapting design storms to assess climate-induced changes in flash flood hazard 采用简单稳健的方法调整设计风暴，以评估气候引起的山洪灾害变化

IF 4 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Advances in Water Resources

Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.advwatres.2024.104823

Nadav Peleg , Daniel B. Wright , Hayley J. Fowler , João P. Leitão , Ashish Sharma , Francesco Marra

Hydrologists and civil engineers often use design storms to assess flash flood hazards in urban, rural, and mountainous catchments. These synthetic storms are not representations of real extreme rainfall events, but rather simplified versions parameterized to mimic extreme precipitation statistics often obtained from intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) curves. To construct design storms for the future climate, it is thus necessary first to recalculate IDF curves to represent rainfall under warmer conditions. We propose a framework for adjusting IDF curves and design storms to future climate conditions using the TENAX model, a novel statistical approach that can provide future short-duration precipitation return levels based on projected temperature changes. For most applications, information from climate models at the daily scale can be used to construct design storms at the sub-hourly scale without any downscaling or bias adjustment. Our approach is illustrated through a re-parameterization of the Chicago Design Storm (CDS) in the context of climate change. As a case study demonstration, we apply the TENAX model to data from the city of Zurich to calculate changes in the historical IDF curve for durations ranging from 10 min to 3 h. We then construct synthetic 100-year return period design storms based on the CDS for present and future climates and use the CAFlood model to produce flood inundation maps to assess changes in flood hazard. The codes for adapting design storms to climate change are simple to implement, easily applicable by practitioners, and made freely available.

水文学家和土木工程师经常使用设计暴雨来评估城市、农村和山区集水区的山洪灾害。这些合成暴雨并不代表真实的极端降雨事件，而是经过简化的版本，其参数模仿了通常从强度-持续时间-频率（IDF）曲线中获得的极端降水统计数据。因此，要构建适合未来气候的设计暴雨，首先必须重新计算 IDF 曲线，以表示较暖条件下的降雨。我们提出了一个利用 TENAX 模型调整 IDF 曲线和设计暴雨以适应未来气候条件的框架，该模型是一种新颖的统计方法，可根据预测的气温变化提供未来短时降水重现水平。在大多数应用中，日尺度气候模式的信息可用于构建亚小时尺度的设计风暴，而无需任何降尺度或偏差调整。我们的方法通过在气候变化背景下对芝加哥设计风暴（CDS）重新参数化来说明。作为案例研究演示，我们将 TENAX 模型应用于苏黎世市的数据，计算出持续时间从 10 分钟到 3 小时不等的历史 IDF 曲线的变化。然后，我们根据 CDS 为当前和未来气候构建合成的 100 年重现期设计暴雨，并使用 CAFlood 模型生成洪水淹没图，以评估洪水危害的变化。使设计暴雨适应气候变化的代码实施简单，易于从业人员应用，并可免费获取。

{"title":"A simple and robust approach for adapting design storms to assess climate-induced changes in flash flood hazard","authors":"Nadav Peleg , Daniel B. Wright , Hayley J. Fowler , João P. Leitão , Ashish Sharma , Francesco Marra","doi":"10.1016/j.advwatres.2024.104823","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advwatres.2024.104823","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrologists and civil engineers often use design storms to assess flash flood hazards in urban, rural, and mountainous catchments. These synthetic storms are not representations of real extreme rainfall events, but rather simplified versions parameterized to mimic extreme precipitation statistics often obtained from intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) curves. To construct design storms for the future climate, it is thus necessary first to recalculate IDF curves to represent rainfall under warmer conditions. We propose a framework for adjusting IDF curves and design storms to future climate conditions using the TENAX model, a novel statistical approach that can provide future short-duration precipitation return levels based on projected temperature changes. For most applications, information from climate models at the daily scale can be used to construct design storms at the sub-hourly scale without any downscaling or bias adjustment. Our approach is illustrated through a re-parameterization of the Chicago Design Storm (CDS) in the context of climate change. As a case study demonstration, we apply the TENAX model to data from the city of Zurich to calculate changes in the historical IDF curve for durations ranging from 10 min to 3 h. We then construct synthetic 100-year return period design storms based on the CDS for present and future climates and use the CAFlood model to produce flood inundation maps to assess changes in flood hazard. The codes for adapting design storms to climate change are simple to implement, easily applicable by practitioners, and made freely available.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7614,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Water Resources","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 104823"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0309170824002100/pdfft?md5=bcb162ebb1fe34867d9140461e25ffc6&pid=1-s2.0-S0309170824002100-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142275670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0