Problemy medycyny wieku rozwojowego最新文献

The important finding in anemia of pregnancy is impairing hormonal placental function, certain complications of pregnancy and labor. Oxytocinase in the maternal serum was determined to evaluate placental function. Many authors pointed out the important role of the enzyme in biochemical monitoring of human pregnancy. 120 females at the III trimester of gestation were selected at random, but women with additional complications of pregnancy were excluded. Serum iron, total iron binding capacity, hemoglobin level, red blood cells count and hematocrit were assayed. Oxytocinase activity in different periods of gestation was compared to the earlier established normal values. It was found that iron deficit was associated with decreasing activity of the enzyme. It is concluded that there is impaired placental function in pregnancy anemia.

Several observations indicate a possible role of the placental cholinergic system in the modulation and maintenance of placental function and subsequently fetal growth and development. We have investigated the effect of Partusisten (1 mg/kg p.o., twice daily, since the 15th to the 20th day of gestation) on cAMP and cGMP concentrations, acetylcholine esterase and choline acetyltransferase activities in rat placenta. The obtained results show that Partusisten increased cAMP concentration and decreased cGMP concentration (see Tab. 1; Fig. 1, 2). Choline acetyltransferase activity was elevated (Tab. 2; Fig. 3) whereas Partusisten had no effect on acetylcholine esterase activity (see Tab. 2; Fig. 4). The results indicate disorders in placental cholinergic system after chronic Partusisten administration to pregnant rats. On the other hand, the marked increase in choline acetyltransferase activity suggested the high adaptability of placenta.

Immunological status of children after thymectomy performed at the age between 2 months and 15 years for teratoma in 5, and hyperplasia in 1. Cellular immunity parameters--as percent and total T lymphocyte count and their PHA reactivity, humoral immunity--as IgG, IgA, IgM concentrations, and phagocytosis--as phagocytosis index, NBT test, complement components--C3c, C4--concentration were evaluated between 6 and 12 years following surgery. No abnormalities within investigated parameters, nor the history of more frequent infections or other immunological disorder were detected.

The daily intake of copper in infants, children and teen-agers was evaluated with chemical analysis of daily meals. The intake depending upon the age oscillated in the limits of 0.065-3.5 mg of copper per day. The metabolic chemical balances of this element showed slightly positive copper retention. In some cases the balances were negative. It may be explained by the low copper intake with the diet and eventual effect of associated factors making difficult the copper utilization. Differentiated and generally low copper intake and the low retention of this element explain the low copper level in hair of the investigated population.

The structural gene coding for human arylsulfatase B (ARSB) has been assigned to chromosome 5 and then to 5p11-5qter by means of somatic cell hybridization. The somatic cell hybrids used in the present studies were derived from fusion experiments between Chinese hamster, a3 line (TK-) and human leukocytes from a patient carrying the reciprocal balanced translocation t (5;21) (q11;q22) according to the method described previously. About 90 independent hybrid clones were selected for further analysis. They were tested for the presence of human markers employing the methods routinely used. ARSB activity was checked upon as previously. Giemsa banding technique was used to identify human and hamster chromosomes in the hybrid cells. Human ARSB activity was detected in 12 hybrid clones; 6 of them appeared to be informative. Out of 78 clones negative for human ARSB, 3 containing the product of translocation, 5pter-5q11: 21q22-21qter were found. Human superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1) activity, a marker for chromosome 21, was found in 27 clones. The informative hybrid clones both positive and negative for ARSB are presented in table I. Six informative clones retained the region 5q11-5qter as the only portion of chromosome 5 and they expressed the activity of human ARSB and hexosaminidase B (HEXB), a marker for 15q13. It seems worth-while to point out that human ARSB activity was found only in the hybrids which retained the product of the translocation carrying 5q11-5qter in high percentage of the cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

In the generally accepted model of the diagnosis and rehabilitation in small deaf children, the main concern of various specialists is focused on the development of speech and hearing abilities. In our approach, we propose another perspective, in which the deaf child is not seen as an object of the speech education and where the specialists concentrate on the child as a whole--with his various emotional needs and psychical traits. According to that way of seeing the deaf child, we organized the diagnostic-rehabilitation courses for small deaf children and their parents (9 children aged 1.8-5 years). We found these courses as a method opening new perspectives in the process of the diagnosis and rehabilitation in the small deaf children.

Pathways of human placental glycogen degradation either in normal or gestotic pregnancy were examined. Determinations of glycogen phosphorylase served as an index of glycogen cleavage in the phosphorylitic pathway. The activity of hydrolytic route was measured by estimating placental glucoamylase. Samples of placental tissue were obtained after delivery (between the 36th and the 40th week of pregnancy). In placentas derived from gestotic cases elevated activity of phosphorylase A, the decrease in phosphorylase B activity and the rise in glucoamylase were found. It suggests that gestosis may evoke certain impairment of placental glycogen metabolism deteriorating chiefly the glycogen degradation as it may be observed in hypoxic experiments.