Problemy medycyny wieku rozwojowego最新文献

The authors propose alternative chemotherapy of osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma in children. The aim of this proposal was elaboration of effective and, at the same time, less expensive and less toxic therapeutic regimens. The authors recommend open surgical biopsy with doxorubicin for 3 consecutive days as a protection against the released circulating neoplastic cells. After completion of histopathologic examination, one of two types of chemotherapy is chosen randomly. In osteosarcoma, there was induction chemotherapy for 4 or 9 weeks (according to the type of operation--conservative amputation or limb salvage surgery). In the I type of induction chemotherapy, high doses of methotrexate with vincristine and citrovorum factor rescue are administrated weekly, in the II type--the combination of BCD (bleomycin, cytoxan, actinomycin D) and CDDP (cisplatin). On the regimen of intensification chemotherapy decides the degree of tumour response to induction chemotherapy assessed as tumour necrosis in histopathologic examination. Maintenance chemotherapy is the same in two types of regimen and is continued for the period up to 2 years. The authors elaborated concomitantly the regimen of high methotrexate doses administration with rescue procedure in the case of elevated serum methotrexate levels, and regimen of cisplatin administration aiming at maximal patients protecting against the toxic effects of both drugs. In Ewing's sarcoma the randomisation differentiates between T-9 Rosen's regimen of chemotherapy and own modification of Memphis group regimen. The primary tumour is treated by radiotherapy with lower doses adjusted to the tumor response to induction chemotherapy (30-50 Gy or 50 Gy) and the irradiation port limited to the residual bone lesion plus a 2-3 centimeter margin. Surgical excision of bone with tumor depends on special tumor localisation as the clavicula, rib or fibula. The results of discussed treatment regimens will be subsequently published.

Lesions to the central nervous system were studied in twenty children, aged 1-12 years decreased because of neoplastic disease of internal organs and treated with cytostatics. The young age of the patients allowed to attribute the observed changes to this disease. Several damaging factors occurring during its course were analysed. Lesions were found in cerebral and cerebellar cortex; walls of blood vessels were also damaged. We may conclude that chemotherapy prolonging the survival of children allowed the development of encephalopathy and modified its picture.

The aim of this study was to assess physical development of 33 children at the age between 1 and 36 months, suffering of myelomeningocell. In each of patients the level of spinal damage and presence or absence of hydrocephalus were established. Somatic measurements were performed by means of the technique commonly accepted for children under the age of 3 years. The most delayed physical development was observed in children with the highest level of spinal cord damage (up to Th10); children with spinal damage cord located below L5 were slightly delayed in physical development. In comparison with healthy children, the patients were of short stature and light weight with shorter lower limbs and slightly shorter upper ones. They had also undeveloped skeleton, big heads and overgrown fat tissue. Analysis of the body proportions indicated that the length of trunk, shoulder and hip breath as well as circumference of chest did not differ from the values found in healthy controls but they were increased in the relationship to body height. Additionally, the body weight of children with undeveloped skeleton and muscles was close to the normal and it was due to overgrown fat tissue.

Plasma and amniotic fluid amino acids were assayed in 20 women of genetic risk groups in the second trimester of pregnancy. The age of patients ranged from 19 to 38 years. Indication for amnio-puncture were: chromosomal aberration or neural tube defect in previous pregnancy or age of pregnant women over 35 years. Blood and amniotic fluid were obtained with transabdominal amnio-puncture performed routinely in prenatal diagnosis. Amino acids were assayed with ion exchange column chromatography, using automatic amino acids analyzer LKB 4400. The obtained results were compared with plasma and amniotic fluid amino acids patterns in healthy women at the same trimester of pregnancy. The comparison of plasma aminograms revealed increased concentrations (above 100%) of cystine and alanine in the examined group. In women with neural tube defect in previous pregnancy and in those over 35 years of age, increased proline, leucine and valine (above 50%) concentrations were found. Decreased concentrations of glutamic acid (about 60%) was detected in women with chromosomal aberration in previous pregnancy and in those older than 35 years. Amniotic fluid amino acid pattern showed in all three patients groups decreased values arginine and ornitine (amino acids of the urea cycle), and also of cystine and taurine. In women with neural tube defect in previous pregnancy and in those older than 35, decreased concentration of lysine, serine and leucine was found. Also in the above 2 groups increasing tendency in comparison to the values in healthy women was observed for alanine (30-40%) and asparagine (150-215%). No correlation was observed between particular amino acids plasma concentration and amniotic fluid in our patients. Ratios of plasma to the amniotic fluid (P/FA) amino acid concentrations were calculated for the examined group and compared with those in healthy pregnant women. While in the last population most of the analyzed scores is below 1 which points higher amino acid concentration in amniotic fluid than that in plasma, performed analysis revealed; an increase in P/AF ratio by 214% in the group of "neural tube defect" women, alanine, glutamine and ornitine P/AF ratios were 35-50% than the normal value. P/AF ratio for cystine by 176%, for tyrosine--100% and for ornitine and arginine--55-65% respectively higher than normal in patients of "chromosomal aberration". P/AF ratio for glutamine acid was decreased by about 50%. In patients examined because of age above 35 years, P/AF ratio for cystine was increased by 200%, for alanine by 125%, for proline, histidine, ornitine, phenylalanine, I-leucine and metionine were increased by 30%-50%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

An analysis of 130 breech deliveries was carried out. The material was divided into two groups: vaginal delivery and delivery by cesarean section. In both groups maternal age, parity, weeks of pregnancy, newborn weight. Apgar score in the 1st and the 5th minute and perinatal mortality rate of newborns were compared. Frequency of breech presentation in our material was about 4.1%. Cesarean section was performed in 66.2% of cases being 22.7% of all cesarean sections performed in this period. In primiparae (58.5% of breech presentation) cesarean sections were performed in 75% and in 93.3% of the primiparae in their 30-ties. Perinatal mortality rate of the newborns in all breech deliveries was 15.4%, in vaginal delivery group--22.7% and in cesarean section group--11.8%. Total perinatal mortality rate in this period was 10.4% of totally 3424 deliveries. We have not found any fetal injuries caused by the mode of delivery.

The paper contains the data on 15 somatic traits of 224 pupils of the Secondary School of Agriculture in Warsaw Voivodship, the time of menarche in girls was also noted. As compared with rural youth as a whole, their height and weight were found to be greater which is probably due to their superior living conditions. In comparison with their contemporaries living in Warsaw, their height and weight were found to be inferior while their body proportions were different. In girls, menarche appeared to have been delayed as compared with both Warsaw girls and rural girls generally throughout Poland.

Microwave radiation does not result in development of congenital malformations in mice until hyperthermia is evoked. However, in the literature it is well established that certain environmental and occupational factors not being teratogenic per se may enhance and/or influence potency of established teratogens. As concerns the microwave radiation there are results suggesting cocarcinogenic properties of this radiation. In view of the above we set the hypothesis that microwave radiation may also interfere with teratogenic potency of the established teratogens. For the experiment we selected cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) under the trade name of Cytosar, produced by the Upjohn Co. The scheme of our experiment included injection of pregnant mice with 10 mg per kg of are-C on various days of gestation and further also irradiation in microwaves fields at power density of 10 mW/cm2. After checking the teratogenic potency of ara-C in further study on combination of ara-C and microwaves all the mice from the experimental groups were injected on the 9th day of gestation. The significant increase of the incidence of both malformations and resorptions was observed after combined action of are-C and microwaves. We conclude that the experimental pattern of teratogenic action of are-C can be used widely in experiments on combination with other environmental and occupational factors.

The investigation of nitrofurantoin (NTF) pharmacokinetics in pregnant rats was undertaken to estimate its cumulation in the fetus unit. It was found that pharmacokinetics of NTF is dose-dependent in non-pregnant rats. The biological half-life time increased from 0.24 to 0.41 and 0.72 h for NTF doses 10.20 and 40 mg/kg, respectively. The elimination of NTF was diminished in pregnant rats. The pharmacokinetic analysis revealed a possibility of strong NTF accumulation in the pregnant rats (increased K12/K21 ratio). Taking into account increased renal function in pregnancy, one may suspect that decreased elimination of NTF was rather caused by its significant cumulation in the changed tissue compartment.