Problemy medycyny wieku rozwojowego最新文献

The author presents and discusses the problems of work physiology in the age of development and changes of physical performance during the second decade of life on the basis of the results of her own cross-sectional and two series of longitudinal studies. The main considered problems are as follows: Morphological, physiological and psychological determination of adaptation of children and adolescents to physical exercises. The level of aerobic and anaerobic capacity of Warsaw children aged 9-15 years. Cross-sectional study (n = 667); measurements: PWC170 using bicycle ergometer and step test, anaerobic capacity using Wingate Anaerobic Test according to Bar-Or (1978). Dynamics of changes of physical work capacity (PWC170) in children and adolescents 11-17 years old in relation to their physical activity, chronological and biological age--longitudinal studies (n = 112). Dynamics of changes of aerobic capacity (VO2 max--directly measured) in children aged 11-14 years in relation to their chronological, biological age and sport disciplines--longitudinal studies (n = 94). Motor development and reaction to different types of exercises in obese 7-15 years old children. Cross-sectional studies (n = 257); measurements: physical fitness using Denisiuk's, Chromiński's, Ozjerecki's tests; tapping test; some indices of respiratory function; PWC170; haemodynamic reaction on isometric exercise; physical activity and work load during physical education lessons. In conclusion about every above mentioned chapter practical indications for physical education, sports and health care are recommended. The elaborated norms for some indices of aerobic and anaerobic capacity may be useful in individual diagnosis of physical work capacity of healthy and sick children, monitoring its changes during growth as well as in observation of secular changes of physical performance in the future.

The main purpose of this paper is presentation of chosen methods of reintegration into main stream from the point of psychological, social development and physical capacity, in children with cancer. These methods concern to: investigation of parents' attitude towards children with cancer, group psychological therapy, evaluation of general physical capacity of the children and their locomotion function. There were done preliminary analysis of parents' attitude of children with cancer in diagnostic period. It consists a trial in verification of chosen methods.

The material basic for this paper consists of 24 children with soft tissue tumors, aged 1-16 years which were diagnosed in the Clinical Department of Child Oncology of the Institute of Mother and Child Warsaw. The diagnostic methods included: interview, physical examination, radiological examination (including CT), bone marrow punction histological investigation by means of fine needle punction and/or biopsy. These methods were sufficient in making a precise diagnosis and staging. The most frequent was stage III (16 cases). It comes from a fact of late diagnosis caused by non characteristic clinical picture. All common localisation was represented in this group (stage III including a cases of causel localisation in the heart.

Endodermal sinus tumor is a rare kind of cancer in children. In Clinical Department of Pediatric Oncology there were treated 8 children with endodermal sinus tumor (EST). 4 of them were localised in sacrococcygeal region, 3 in genital system and 1 in testis. In all these cases high level of AFP was observed. Complex therapy was done including surgery, chemotherapy and rtg-therapy, giving as result 3 years survival in 1 only case. Another case is still in course of the treatment. Unified protocol of therapy is not founded till now and prognosis in majority of children is not satisfied.

The main bacteria causing urinary tract infections in children we found: Enterobacteriaceae (75%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (11,8%), Staphylococcus albus K- (5%) and Streptococcus faecalis (4%). Antibiotic sensitivity of 1362 strains of bacteria isolated from urinary tract of children treated in National Research Institute of Mother and Child in 1979-1981 were evaluated. Sensitivity on 12 chemiotherapeutics were checked. Aminoglycoside antibiotics: tobramycin and gentamycin were found as the most efficient ones. Over 50% of bacteria strains showed sensitivity on negram, nitrofurantoin, colimycin, cephradin and carbenicillin. Fewest bacteria strains gave evidence of penicillin, ampicillin, biseptol and vibramycin sensitivity.

Upper calyx syndrome in children was first described in 1968. It may be caused by dysmorphy, organic narrowing and vascular compression. The purpose of this report is estimation the frequency of this syndrome in children with chronic pyelonephritis, its clinical significance and determination the test of roentgenological diagnosis. In 21 cases (5% children with chronic pyelonephritis) there were changes in upper calyx. The main cause of this changes was vascular compression (4,3%). Clinical significance of upper calyx syndrome is big, because in all the cases there was chronic infection of genitourinary tract. The roentgenological signs of upper calyx syndrome are; obstruction at the infundibulum, significant distending of calyx and delayed emptying at intravenous pyelography.

Total serum or plasma cholesterol levels in children aged 4, 6, 10 and 14 years were investigated. The studies included children from kindergartens and schools of Wola and Ochota Districts of Warsaw. Examination was performed on 1289 children (667 girls and 622 boys). 362 children (199 girls and 163 boys) of 10 years old group were in nonfasting state, residual children from all groups were in fasting state. Mean values of cholesterol levels in children aged 4 and 6 years were similar (161,6 +/- 27 vis 161,8 +/- 27 mg per 100 ml). The trend towards decrease of cholesterol levels with age was observed. Cholesterol levels in fasting (156,2 +/- 24,6 mg per 100 ml) and nonfasting (180,0 +/- 25 mg per 100 ml) 10 years groups of children were statistically significant (p less than 0,001). Percentile and percentage distribution of cholesterol levels below mean value, above mean +/- 1 SD, above 200 and 230 mg per 100 ml is presented for all investigated age groups. In the investigated population of children cholesterol levels greater than 200 mg per 100 ml occurred in 3,2-7,2% in boys and 0-11,6% in girls dependent on age. Respectively values greater than 230 mg per 100 ml were in 0-1,2% for boys and 0-2,1% for girls.

The concentration of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) was determined in the brain of fetal rats with experimental intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). IUGR was induced using the procedure of Wigglesworth. On the 17th day of gestation, the uterine artery supplying one uterine horn was ligated. The artery of the opposite uterine horn was left untouched (control). On the 22nd day the fetuses were delivered by C-section. 5-HT was determined by fluorometric method. Statistical analysis employed the paired Student t-test. The average body weight of the IUGR fetuses was 3.15 g, whereas control fetuses 4,50 g. The mean concentration of 5-HT was 10,4% lower in IUGR fetal brains. The mean 5-HT brain concentration in IUGR was 155 micrograms/g of tissue, whereas in control the mean concentration was 173 micrograms/g of tissue. The difference between these brain concentrations was significant (p less than 0,005). We conclude that reduction in maternofetal blood flow in the 3rd trimester of gestation results in decreased concentration in the brain of 5-HT.

The oxalic acid concentration in 24 hour urine of 94 healthy children, aged 1 to 18 years, were determined. The colorimetric method of Slodgkinson and Williams in modification of Rozentall was used to determine the oxalic acid concentration. Obtained results were analysed in following age groups: 1-3 years, 3-6 years, 9-14 years and 14-18 years. Table I shows the results of determinations of oxalic acid concentration in 24 hour urine and numbers of children in age groups.

New diagnostic model of rehabilitation in young deaf children was performed. Study presents 33 patients with a profound hearing impairment examined by means of "day-time hospital".