{"title":"Neutrophil Heterogeneity in Recurrent Severe Wheeze: A Signal Worth Following.","authors":"Craig J Schofield, Luke W Garratt","doi":"10.1093/ajrccm/aamag038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ajrccm/aamag038","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7664,"journal":{"name":"American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147282024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pollution, Health, and Methodology: Unveiling the Blind Spots in Coal Plant Closure Studies.","authors":"Xiangxia Zeng","doi":"10.1093/ajrccm/aamag048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ajrccm/aamag048","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7664,"journal":{"name":"American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147282071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dandan Li, Min Peng, Zhiwei Wang, Wei Liu, Chuan Shi
{"title":"Systemic-to-Pulmonary Shunts.","authors":"Dandan Li, Min Peng, Zhiwei Wang, Wei Liu, Chuan Shi","doi":"10.1093/ajrccm/aamag034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ajrccm/aamag034","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7664,"journal":{"name":"American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147282059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Drew Harris, Lily Mirfakhraie, Wes Addington, Rebecca Shelton, Melissa Little
{"title":"Coal plant closures impact more than the air we breathe.","authors":"Drew Harris, Lily Mirfakhraie, Wes Addington, Rebecca Shelton, Melissa Little","doi":"10.1093/ajrccm/aamag049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ajrccm/aamag049","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7664,"journal":{"name":"American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147281457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mapping Lung Stress to Visualize Spatial Heterogeneity and Occult VILI Risk in ARDS.","authors":"Thomas H Fox, Jeremy R Beitler","doi":"10.1093/ajrccm/aamag013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ajrccm/aamag013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7664,"journal":{"name":"American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147282005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Small Packages with a Big Payload: A Self-Perpetuating Extracellular Vesicle (EV)-mediated Axis of Proteolytic Pathology in COPD.","authors":"Rhianna F Baldi, Robert J Snelgrove","doi":"10.1093/ajrccm/aamag003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ajrccm/aamag003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7664,"journal":{"name":"American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147282081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Camilla Margaroli, Kristopher R Genschmer, Ningyong Xu, Crystal Lewis, Julian B Smith, Delores A Stacks, Ezgi Sari, Landon Wilson, Kyli Blagburn, Robert P Richter, Liliana Viera, Yuanyuan Guo, Dakota Finley, Matthew C Madison, Amit Gaggar, James E Blalock
Rationale: In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), neutrophil (PMN)-derived neutrophil elastase positive (NE+) extracellular vesicles (EVs) induce many of the pathologic features of the disorder, including emphysema. Chronic PMN inflammation is a hallmark of COPD, however the mechanisms driving chronic recruitment of PMNs into the lung are poorly understood.
Objective: In this study, we tested the hypothesis that PMN-derived, NE + EVs can spawn additional NE + EVs and promote chronic PMN inflammation.
Methods: NE + and NE- EVs were generated in vitro upon stimulation of isolated human neutrophils with fMLF or the matrikine Proline-Glycine-Proline (PGP). Smoke EVs were isolated from mice exposed to cigarette smoke. EVs were transferred into naïve mice and mouse PMN EVs were isolated 7 days later. Serial transfers of mouse EVs into naïve recipients were performed to determine the self-propagating nature of NE + EVs.
Measurements and main results: Activated human PMN-derived (ie, CD66b+/NE+) EVs, but not NE- EVs, elicited the de novo generation of murine PMN-derived Ly6G+/NE + EVs in recipient mouse airways. These Ly6G+/NE + EVs serially propagated emphysema and de novo NE + EV production in multiple passages between new naïve recipients. This process is driven by such mouse NE + EVs apparently generating PGP that causes both PMN influx into the airways and activation of the newly arrived PMNs to release yet more NE + EVs. Likewise, smoke-elicited EVs were able to serially propagate emphysema.
Conclusion: These findings have far reaching implications for our understanding of COPD, chronic inflammation, and EVs as self-propagating agents in smokers and COPD patients.
{"title":"Self-Propagating Nature of Pathogenic Extracellular Vesicles Associated with Smoking and COPD.","authors":"Camilla Margaroli, Kristopher R Genschmer, Ningyong Xu, Crystal Lewis, Julian B Smith, Delores A Stacks, Ezgi Sari, Landon Wilson, Kyli Blagburn, Robert P Richter, Liliana Viera, Yuanyuan Guo, Dakota Finley, Matthew C Madison, Amit Gaggar, James E Blalock","doi":"10.1093/ajrccm/aamag002","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ajrccm/aamag002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), neutrophil (PMN)-derived neutrophil elastase positive (NE+) extracellular vesicles (EVs) induce many of the pathologic features of the disorder, including emphysema. Chronic PMN inflammation is a hallmark of COPD, however the mechanisms driving chronic recruitment of PMNs into the lung are poorly understood.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this study, we tested the hypothesis that PMN-derived, NE + EVs can spawn additional NE + EVs and promote chronic PMN inflammation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>NE + and NE- EVs were generated in vitro upon stimulation of isolated human neutrophils with fMLF or the matrikine Proline-Glycine-Proline (PGP). Smoke EVs were isolated from mice exposed to cigarette smoke. EVs were transferred into naïve mice and mouse PMN EVs were isolated 7 days later. Serial transfers of mouse EVs into naïve recipients were performed to determine the self-propagating nature of NE + EVs.</p><p><strong>Measurements and main results: </strong>Activated human PMN-derived (ie, CD66b+/NE+) EVs, but not NE- EVs, elicited the de novo generation of murine PMN-derived Ly6G+/NE + EVs in recipient mouse airways. These Ly6G+/NE + EVs serially propagated emphysema and de novo NE + EV production in multiple passages between new naïve recipients. This process is driven by such mouse NE + EVs apparently generating PGP that causes both PMN influx into the airways and activation of the newly arrived PMNs to release yet more NE + EVs. Likewise, smoke-elicited EVs were able to serially propagate emphysema.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings have far reaching implications for our understanding of COPD, chronic inflammation, and EVs as self-propagating agents in smokers and COPD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":7664,"journal":{"name":"American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147282020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laurent Brochard, Carolyn S Calfee, Niall D Ferguson, Leo Heunks, Michael O Harhay, Edward J Schenck
{"title":"The Hottest Critical Care Research in the Blue Journal: Introduction to a Special Section.","authors":"Laurent Brochard, Carolyn S Calfee, Niall D Ferguson, Leo Heunks, Michael O Harhay, Edward J Schenck","doi":"10.1093/ajrccm/aamag001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ajrccm/aamag001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7664,"journal":{"name":"American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147282075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hamid Merdji, Anaïs Curtiaud, Clément Delmas, Christian Jung, Alexandre Mebazaa
{"title":"Novel insights into microcirculatory dysfunction in cardiogenic shock.","authors":"Hamid Merdji, Anaïs Curtiaud, Clément Delmas, Christian Jung, Alexandre Mebazaa","doi":"10.1093/ajrccm/aamaf112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ajrccm/aamaf112","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7664,"journal":{"name":"American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147282080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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