American Journal of Reproductive Immunology最新文献

{"title":"Regional Analysis of the Immune Microenvironment in Human Endometrium","authors":"Lingtao Yang,&nbsp;Yiyi Su,&nbsp;Songchen Cai,&nbsp;Huan Ma,&nbsp;Jing Yang,&nbsp;Mingjuan Xu,&nbsp;Yuye Li,&nbsp;Chunyu Huang,&nbsp;Yong Zeng,&nbsp;Qiyuan Li,&nbsp;Mingqian Feng,&nbsp;Hanjie Li,&nbsp;Lianghui Diao","doi":"10.1111/aji.13921","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aji.13921","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Problem</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Endometrial immune cells are essential for maintaining homeostasis and the endometrial receptivity to embryo implantation. Understanding regional variations in endometrial immune cell populations is crucial for comprehending normal endometrial function and the pathophysiology of endometrial disorders. Despite previous studies focusing on the overall immune cell composition and function in the endometrium, regional variations in premenopausal women remain unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method of Study</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Endometrial biopsies were obtained from four regions (anterior, posterior, left lateral, and right lateral) of premenopausal women undergoing hysteroscopy with no abnormalities. A 15-color human endometrial immune cell-focused flow cytometry panel was used for analysis. High-dimensional flow cytometry combined with a clustering algorithm was employed to unravel the complexity of endometrial immune cells. Additionally, multiplex immunofluorescent was performed for further validation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings revealed no significant variation in the distribution and abundance of immune cells across different regions under normal conditions during the proliferative phase. Each region harbored similar immune cell subtypes, indicating a consistent immune microenvironment. However, when comparing normal regions to areas with focal hemorrhage, significant differences were observed. An increase in CD8⁺ T cells highlights the impact of localized abnormalities on the immune microenvironment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study demonstrates that the endometrial immune cell landscape is consistent across different anatomical regions during the proliferative phase in premenopausal women. This finding has important implications for understanding normal endometrial function and the pathophysiology of endometrial disorders.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":"92 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142118821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Immunological Indexes for the Effect of Systemic Inflammation on Oocyte and Embryo Development in Women With Unexplained Infertility: Systemic Immune Response Index and Pan-Immune-Inflammation Value","authors":"Serap Topkara Sucu,&nbsp;Berrin Goktuğ Kadioglu,&nbsp;Burak Elmas,&nbsp;Mehmet Caner Ozer,&nbsp;Ulaş Fidan,&nbsp;Mustafa Ozturk,&nbsp;Seyit Temel Ceyhan","doi":"10.1111/aji.13923","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aji.13923","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Problem</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Predicting the impact of systemic inflammation on oocyte and embryonic development in unexplained infertile women using the new immunological indexes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method of Study</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective cohort study was conducted using the records of the In Vitro Fertilization Department of Ankara Gülhane Training and Research Hospital. After reviewing the records of patients who had undergone in vitro fertilization (IVF) for unexplained infertility (UI) and excluding all known factors that could cause systemic immune inflammation, the systemic immune response index (SIRI), and pan-immune score were calculated from the pre-treatment hemogram parameters between the embryo arrest (EA) group and the embryo transfer group. It was investigated whether there was a statistical difference between the two groups and whether an SIRI value affecting embryo quality was found. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to determine the optimal cut-off values for inflammatory markers to predict EA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The 108 EA group (embryos that were arrested during their development and could not be transferred) and the 140 embryo transfer group showed statistically significant differences in the parameters of systemic inflammatory index (SII), SIRI, pan-immune inflammation value (PIV), and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). These inflammatory parameters, which were examined before ovulation induction, also correlated positively with the required total dose of gonadotropin and negatively with the ovarian sensitivity index (OSI). SII, SIRI, PIV, and NLR have specific cut-off values with ROC analysis and determine the effect of the inflammatory status of the environment in which the oocyte develops on EA (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.005).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In women with UI, high levels of systemic immune inflammation have a negative impact on oocyte and embryo development, and treatments to suppress inflammation may improve IVF success.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":"92 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142103573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic Immune-Inflammation Indices Could Be Additional Predictive Markers for Cesarean Scar Pregnancy","authors":"Jing Gao,&nbsp;Nanyan Jiang,&nbsp;Qi Chen,&nbsp;Min Zhao,&nbsp;Yunhui Tang","doi":"10.1111/aji.13924","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aji.13924","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Problem</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) is characterized by a gestational sac fully or partially implanted in the scar from a previous cesarean section. Systemic immune-inflammation indices (SIIs) have recently been discussed as additional diagnostic markers in placenta accreta and preeclampsia. CSP shares a similar pathogenesis with these diseases, suggesting that assessing the SIIs and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) could enhance additional predictability in diagnosing CSP.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method of Study</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, we analyzed the complete blood counts between 264 women who were confirmed with CSP by ultrasound and 295 women who underwent elective termination.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mean counts of total white cells and neutrophils were significantly higher, whereas the counts of monocytes, lymphocytes, and platelets were significantly lower in the CSP group compared to the control group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Additionally, the SII, systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), or NLR was significantly higher in the CSP group compared to the control group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). Given the limited effect of SII and SIRI on the increased risk of developing CSP, the optimal cut-off value for NLR in predicting CSP was 2.87 (area under the curve [AUC] 0.656, 68% sensitivity). The optimal cut-off value for NLR in predicting type 2 CSP was 2.91 (AUC 0.690, 71% sensitivity).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging images are a gold standard for visualizing the gestational sac's location in the diagnosis of CSP, assessing peripheral blood tests is cost-effective, and NLR may provide additional diagnosis value for CSP.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":"92 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142103574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolutionary Analysis of the Mammalian IL-17 Cytokine Family Suggests Conserved Roles in Female Fertility","authors":"Federica Giangrazi,&nbsp;Dafne Buffa,&nbsp;Andrew T. Lloyd,&nbsp;Anthony K. Redmond,&nbsp;Louise E. Glover,&nbsp;Cliona O'Farrelly","doi":"10.1111/aji.13907","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aji.13907","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Problem</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The interleukin-17 (IL-17) family includes pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-17A-F with important roles in mucosal defence, barrier integrity and tissue regeneration. IL-17A can be dysregulated in fertility complications, including pre-eclampsia, endometriosis and miscarriage. Because mammalian subclasses (eutherian, metatherian, and prototherian) have different related reproductive strategies, IL-17 genes and proteins were investigated in the three mammalian classes to explore their involvement in female fertility.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method of Study</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gene and protein sequences for IL-17s are found in eutherian, metatherian and prototherian mammals. Through synteny and multiple sequence protein alignment, the relationships among mammalian IL-17s were inferred. Publicly available datasets of early pregnancy stages and female fertility in therian mammals were collected and analysed to retrieve information on IL-17 expression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Synteny mapping and phylogenetic analyses allowed the classification of mammalian IL-17 family orthologs of human IL-17. Despite differences in their primary amino acid sequence, metatherian and prototherian IL-17s share the same tertiary structure as human IL-17s, suggesting similar functions. The analysis of available datasets for female fertility in therian mammals shows up-regulation of IL-17A and IL-17D during placentation. IL-17B and IL-17D are also found to be over-expressed in human fertility complication datasets, such as endometriosis or recurrent implantation failure.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The conservation of the IL-17 gene and protein across mammals suggests similar functions in all the analysed species. Despite significant differences, the upregulation of IL-17 expression is associated with the establishment of pregnancy in eutherian and metatherian mammals. The dysregulation of IL-17s in human reproductive disorders suggests them as a potential therapeutic target.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":"92 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aji.13907","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142034895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Featured Cover","authors":"Federica Giangrazi,&nbsp;Dafne Buffa,&nbsp;Andrew T. Lloyd,&nbsp;Anthony K. Redmond,&nbsp;Louise E. Glover,&nbsp;Cliona O'Farrelly","doi":"10.1111/aji.13919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aji.13919","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The cover image is based on the Article <i>Evolutionary Analysis of the Mammalian IL-17 Cytokine Family Suggests Conserved Roles in Female Fertility</i> by Cliona O'Farrelly et al., https://doi.org/10.1111/aji.13907.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":"92 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aji.13919","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142045313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial Activation of Autophagy in Human Placenta-Related Tissue During Labor: A Possible Mechanism for Labor Onset","authors":"Jing Shang,&nbsp;Zhijian Wang,&nbsp;Yingying Huang,&nbsp;Yuyu Wu,&nbsp;Jin Jin","doi":"10.1111/aji.13903","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aji.13903","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To explore the mechanisms of labor by investigating the autophagy of placental and fetal membranes tissue in normal pregnant women.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Placenta and fetal membranes were collected from women with singleton pregnancies without any medical complications and from women who delivered vaginally (labor-initiated group; L group) or by caesarean section (labor-noninitiated group; NL group). Autophagosomes were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Immunofluorescence and western blotting (WB) were used to detect protein levels of the autophagy markers LC3A and LC3B. TEM, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and WB were used to compare autophagy in different parts of the placenta and fetal membranes in the L and NL groups. The expression of LC3B/LC3A, ROCK1, and ROCK2 in the placenta of nonpregnant and pregnant rats was detected by WB and IHC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>TEM and IHC results showed an increase in the number of autophagosomes and autophagic lysosomes in the L group, and WB results indicated an increase in the LC3B/A ratio between the placenta and fetal membranes in the L group. Autophagy was significantly increased on the maternal side of the placenta in the L group, and the level of autophagy became higher near rupture in the fetal membranes and near the point where the umbilical cord joins the placenta in the L group. The LC3B/A ratio increased and ROCK1 and ROCK2 levels decreased in postnatal rats.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Autophagy can occur in the placenta and fetal membranes and its activity is higher at the onset of labor, suggesting a role in labor.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":"92 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142034896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Active Heme Metabolism Suppresses Macrophage Phagocytosis via the TLR4/Type I IFN Signaling/CD36 in Uterine Endometrial Cancer","authors":"Xing Zhang,&nbsp;Yi-Xing Yang,&nbsp;Jia-Jing Lu,&nbsp;Ding-Yu Hou,&nbsp;Ayitila Abudukeyoumu,&nbsp;Hong-Wei Zhang,&nbsp;Ming-Qing Li,&nbsp;Feng Xie","doi":"10.1111/aji.13916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aji.13916","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Uterine endometrial cancer (UEC) is a common gynecological estrogen-dependent carcinoma, usually accompanied by intermenstrual bleeding. Active heme metabolism frequently plays an increasingly important role in many diseases, especially in cancers. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the major population in the immune microenvironment of UEC. However, the roles of heme metabolisms in the crosstalk between UEC cells (UECCs) and macrophages are unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In our study, by using TCGA database analysis, integration analysis of the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network and sample RNA transcriptome sequencing were done. The expression level of both heme-associated molecules and iron metabolism-related molecules were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Heme level detection was done through dehydrohorseradish peroxidase assay. In addition to immunohistochemistry, phagocytosis assay of macrophages, immunofluorescence staining, intracellular ferrous iron staining, as well as enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay were performed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the study, we verified that heme accumulation in UECCs is apparently higher than in endometrial epithelium cells. Low expression of succinate dehydrogenase B under the regulation of estrogen contributes to over-production of succinate and heme accumulation in UECC. More importantly, excessive heme in UECCs impaired macrophage phagocytosis by regulation of CD36. Mechanistically, this process is dependent on toll-like receptor (TLR4)/type I interferons alpha (IFN Iα) regulatory axis in macrophage.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Collectively, these findings elucidate that active heme metabolism of UECCs directly decreases phagocytosis by controlling the secretion of TLR4-mediated IFN Iα and the expression of CD36, and further contributing to the immune escape of UEC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":"92 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142013679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IL-2 and IL-4 May Reduce the Risk of Pathological Hyperprolactinemia: Genetic Epidemiological Evidence","authors":"Teng Qi,&nbsp;Junhao Wan,&nbsp;Fuqing Ji","doi":"10.1111/aji.13920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aji.13920","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":"92 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142013680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zishen Qingre Lishi Huayu Recipe May Ameliorate the Symptoms of PCOS Model Rats via Alleviating Systemic and Ovarian Inflammation","authors":"Xin Li,&nbsp;Yao Yi,&nbsp;Yunying Ren,&nbsp;Yixuan Zhang,&nbsp;Chi Chiu Wang,&nbsp;Chengyi Liu,&nbsp;Shuzhen Liu,&nbsp;Xiaoxuan Zhan,&nbsp;Xingxing Yu,&nbsp;Ruining Liang","doi":"10.1111/aji.13918","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aji.13918","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Zishen Qingre Lishi Huayu recipe (ZQLHR) has shown significant therapeutic effects in treating sex hormone levels and follicular developmental disorders in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, little is known about the potential mechanisms of its treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dehydroepiandrosterone and a high-fat diet induced the PCOS model rat. The serum of rats was collected to detect the levels of sex hormones and inflammatory cytokines by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the ovaries were collected for ovarian histopathology and qPCR assay to detect the levels of inflammatory cytokines in ovarian tissues. Granulosa cells (GCs) were collected for western blot assay to detect of IL-1β, IL-6R, and LOX protein expression levels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ZQLHR could reduce body weight, regulate estrous cycles, and improve serum sex hormone levels, follicular development, and insulin resistance (IR) in PCOS model rats. In addition, ZQLHR treatment improved the levels of inflammatory cytokines in serum and ovary, and regulated the protein expression of IL-6R, IL-1β, and LOX in GCs of PCOS model rats. The results showed that the HOMA-IR index increased with the increasing levels of IL-6, IL-1β, and CRP, and decreased with the increased IL-10.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study reveals that the treatment of endocrine disorders and ovulation disorders in PCOS with ZQLHR may be closely related to the improvement of systemic and ovarian inflammation in PCOS patients, as well as the inhibition of IL-6R, IL-1β, and LOX expression in GCs, which reemphasizes the role of reducing chronic inflammatory states in the treatment of PCOS. Moreover, this study reemphasizes the correlation between multiple inflammatory mediators and IR.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":"92 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141999294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antiphospholipid Syndrome Nephropathy Occurs in Pregnancy: A Case Report","authors":"Chao Ji,&nbsp;Yakun Wang,&nbsp;Xiaoxiao Zhai,&nbsp;Guoxin Ji","doi":"10.1111/aji.13906","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aji.13906","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper presents an analysis of the pregnancy trajectory and therapeutic regimen documentation of a primigravida with APSN. It aims at communicating the therapeutic approach and preventive measures for APSN in pregnancy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Case Presentation</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper reports the trajectory and therapeutic regimen documentation of a primigravida with APSN. The APSN was discovered in a primigravida woman aged 26 years at 11 weeks of gestation. The initial therapy regimen consists of daily administration of prednisone 10 mg, hydroxychloroquine 200 mg, dapparin 5000 IU, and aspirin 50 mg. At a gestational age of 20 + 3 weeks, the dosage of dapparin was modified to 5000 IU/other day, along with a significant rise in urinary protein level seen at 30 + 3 weeks of gestational age. The initial dosage of dapanin sodium was renewed. The patient delivered at 38 + 3 weeks of gestation without other complications.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>It is imperative to acknowledge that altering the dosage and administration of medication should not be done haphazardly during pregnancy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":"92 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141974868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}