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Ham for herodietic nutrition 火腿为英雄营养
Pub Date : 2021-03-29 DOI: 10.31208/2618-7353-2021-13-59-69
S. Bozhkova, A. S. Zvorygina, V. Khramova, S. Surkova
Aim. Creation of a technology for the production of ham from beef and poultry meat for heroic nutrition. Material and Methods. The production and research of the control and experimental samples was carried out according to generally accepted methods in accordance with the normative and technical documentation. Sampling and preparation of samples for laboratory research was carried out according to a unified methodology in accordance with the requirements of GOST R 51447-99 (ISO 3100-1-91). Determination of organoleptic characteristics was carried out according to the requirements of GOST 9959-91; GOST R 53159-2008; GOST R 53161-2008. The mass fraction of fat was determined according to GOST 23042-86; protein – according to GOST 25011-81; energy value and iron content – by calculation method. Results. A ham recipe for herodietic nutrition was developed and optimized. The results of the analysis showed that the products are characterized by high organoleptic characteristics. The use of lactulose in the formulation in combination with ascorbic acid had a positive effect on the color formation of the finished product. The inclusion of low-calorie meat sources (beef and broiler chicken fillets) in the formulation made it possible to reduce the mass fraction of fat by 6.6% and increase the mass fraction of protein by 5.5% in the finished product. Conclusion. The new product expands the range of ham products for the elderly consumer category.
的目标。发明了一种用牛肉和禽肉制作火腿的技术。材料和方法。对照样品和实验样品的制作和研究是根据规范和技术文件按照普遍接受的方法进行的。根据GOST R 51447-99 (ISO 3100-1-91)的要求,按照统一的方法进行实验室研究样品的取样和制备。按照GOST 9959-91的要求进行感官特性测定;鬼影r 53159-2008;鬼53161-2008。脂肪质量分数按GOST 23042-86测定;蛋白质-根据GOST 25011-81;能量值和含铁量-通过计算方法。结果。研制并优化了一种具有英雄营养价值的火腿配方。分析结果表明,产物具有较高的感官特性。乳果糖与抗坏血酸的联合使用对成品的颜色形成有积极的影响。在配方中加入低热量的肉类来源(牛肉和肉鸡片)可以使成品中脂肪的质量分数降低6.6%,蛋白质的质量分数提高5.5%。结论。新产品扩大了面向老年消费者的火腿产品范围。
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引用次数: 0
Transformation of a green economy in the COVID-19 era 新冠肺炎时代的绿色经济转型
Pub Date : 2020-12-25 DOI: 10.31208/2618-7353-2020-12-19-30
G. Fedotova, R. Lamzin, T. V. Burlutkin, D. Mosolova
Aim. Identification of structural elements, parameters and processes of electronic-digital transformation of the "green" economy model in the context of overcoming socio-economic and production-economic problems caused by the aggravation of the epidemiological situation in connection with the spread of COVID-19. Material and Methods. In the process of considering the problems of electronic digital transformations of the "green" economy in connection with COVID-19, general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, genesis of new knowledge, methods of modeling and forecasting the most likely change in the socio-economic situation, methods of statistical and economic data analysis, methods of normative-legal analysis of strategic documents, methods of generalization, analogy and comparison of initial data. Results. The processes of transformation of the traditional economic system into a "green" economy during the spread of COVID-19 are based on the widespread use of digital technologies that provide the systematization of multidirectional information about the nature and level of morbidity of the population. This enables public authorities and the management of individual organizations to make informed managerial decisions on changing the mode of activity based on electronic technologies in accordance with the main conditions for the development of digitalization of the "green" economy. Conclusion. The formation of a sustainable system of "green" economy in a crisis situation of the COVID-19 pandemic is determined by the observance of a number of socio-economic, legal and technological conditions associated with the use of digital technologies. This provides expanded opportunities to fully inform the participants of public-private cooperation about the nature of the implementation of building a "green" economy. At the same time, the development of complex organizational, legal and economic measures to overcome the crisis situation during the spread of COVID-19 is taking place.
的目标。在克服新冠肺炎疫情加剧所造成的社会经济和生产经济问题的背景下,确定“绿色”经济模式电子数字化转型的结构要素、参数和过程。材料和方法。在考虑与新冠肺炎相关的“绿色”经济的电子数字转型问题的过程中,分析、综合、新知识产生的一般科学方法,建模和预测社会经济形势最可能变化的方法,统计和经济数据分析方法,战略文件的规范-法律分析方法,初始数据的概括、类比和比较方法。结果。在2019冠状病毒病传播期间,传统经济体系向“绿色”经济转型的过程是基于数字技术的广泛使用,数字技术提供了有关人口发病率性质和水平的多方位信息的系统化。这使公共当局和个别组织的管理层能够根据“绿色”经济数字化发展的主要条件,在改变基于电子技术的活动模式方面做出明智的管理决策。结论。在2019冠状病毒病大流行的危机形势下,形成可持续的“绿色”经济体系取决于遵守与使用数字技术相关的一系列社会经济、法律和技术条件。这提供了更多的机会,使公私合作的参与者充分了解建设“绿色”经济的实施性质。与此同时,正在制定复杂的组织、法律和经济措施,以克服COVID-19蔓延期间的危机局势。
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引用次数: 0
Global problems of biodiversity conservation and food security 生物多样性保护和粮食安全的全球性问题
Pub Date : 2020-12-25 DOI: 10.31208/2618-7353-2020-12-76-86
M. Slozhenkina, A. Fedotova, E. Mosolova
Aim. Scientific substantiation of the ongoing processes of reducing biodiversity to the environment and their impact on the growth of threats to food security of the countries of the world. Material and Methods. General scientific methods of scientific research, methods of generalization and synthesis of scientific knowledge, methods of regulatory analysis of the current situation in the socio-economic sphere were used. All digital materials and data were obtained from open sources and used to substantiate the theoretical material in fact. To illustrate the materials, methods of graphical data presentation, statistical data evaluation and logical analysis were used. Results. The depletion of biodiversity dictates the need to search for new approaches to communication with nature and the use of its resources. The growing threat of destruction of the existing ecosystems that form the habitat of living organisms on the planet is forcing the countries of the world to revise their industrial technologies and applied mechanisms to ensure sustainable economic growth and food security. Population growth does not make it possible to reduce the rate of development for civilization, but requires intensification of efforts on the part of the leadership of world powers to reduce the rate of growth of global biological threats. Conclusion. The disturbance of the biological diversity of the planet indirectly affects the state of biocenoses and resistance to destruction and degradation. The anthropogenic influence of humanity and geometric population growth in numbers do not allow the biosphere to restore equilibrium after the intervention and consumption of its resources. The tasks of assessing the role of man in the formation of the problem of loss of biodiversity, the importance of preserving biodiversity for maintaining the life support of the growing earthly population, providing the entire population with the necessary level and availability of food for balanced and sustainable economic development were investigated and consistently solved. Of course, it is necessary to take a more serious approach to the conservation and protection of the planet's biodiversity.
的目标。正在进行的减少生物多样性对环境的影响及其对世界各国粮食安全威胁增长的影响的科学依据。材料和方法。使用了科学研究的一般科学方法、概括和综合科学知识的方法、对社会经济领域的现状进行管制分析的方法。所有数字材料和数据都是从开放来源获得的,并用于证实理论材料。为了说明材料,采用了图形数据展示、统计数据评价和逻辑分析的方法。结果。生物多样性的枯竭要求我们必须寻找与自然交流和利用自然资源的新方法。构成地球上生物栖息地的现有生态系统遭到破坏的威胁日益严重,这迫使世界各国修改其工业技术和应用机制,以确保可持续的经济增长和粮食安全。人口增长并不能降低文明的发展速度,而是要求世界大国领导人加强努力,以降低全球生物威胁的增长速度。结论。对地球生物多样性的干扰间接影响到生物群落的状态和对破坏和退化的抵抗力。人类的人为影响和人口数量的几何增长不允许生物圈在干预和消耗其资源后恢复平衡。评估人类在生物多样性丧失问题中所起的作用,保护生物多样性对维持不断增长的地球人口的生命支持的重要性,为整个人口提供平衡和可持续经济发展所必需的水平和可用的食物,这些任务都得到了调查和持续解决。当然,有必要采取更严肃的态度来养护和保护地球的生物多样性。
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引用次数: 1
Formation of optimal quantitative and qualitative indicators of livestock raw materials through the use of new feed additives 通过使用新型饲料添加剂,形成畜禽原料的最佳定量和定性指标
Pub Date : 2020-12-25 DOI: 10.31208/2618-7353-2020-12-31-45
M. Slozhenkina, I. Gorlov
Aim. Study of the influence of new feed additives on the formation of productivity and quality characteristics in the production of various types of raw materials of animal origin. Material and Methods. Zootechnical, biochemical and mathematical methods of analysis were used in the course of research. The obtained digital material was processed using method of variation statistics, considering the Student-t validation criteria, using the Microsoft Excel software package. Results. As a result of the research, the effectiveness of the use of new feed additives "CoreMix" and "Vitazar" in fattening Kalmyk young bulls has been proved. Over the period of the experiment, the absolute increase in live weight of animals of the I and II experimental groups, who received the tested feed additives, exceeded the control by 8.9 and 18.5 kg, while the feed consumption per 1 kg of the increase in live weight decreased by 0.4 and 0.7 EKE, profit from sales per head was higher by 696 and 1,690 rubles, and the level of profitability increased by 3.1 and 8.2%. The study of the regularities of the formation of beef obtained from young bulls of the Aberdeen Angus breed, when using the new probiotic supplement "Rodafen" in their diets, showed that at the end of feeding, at the age of 18 months, the pre-slaughter body weight in the control group was 463.9 ± 3.29 kg, whereas in the experimental groups that received the test supplement in different doses, this indicator was significantly higher by 3.7%, 4.7% and 3.9%, respectively. For the purposeful in vivo formation of optimal quality indicators of beef obtained from young bulls of the Kazakh white-headed breed, the efficiency of using extruded feed from insects of the Locusta migratoria (ELM) species has been proven. More heavy carcasses were obtained from the young bulls of the experimental group in comparison with their peers from the control group: the superiority in terms of pre-slaughter live weight was 5.8 kg, or 1.41% (P <0.05), in terms of the weight of a fresh carcass – 5.6 kg, or 2.75% (P<0.05). In terms of slaughter weight, the young bulls of the experimental group exceeded the control by 5.4 kg, or 2.53% (P <0.05). In order to increase the energy of growth and meat productivity of the Simmental young bulls, the expediency of using new feed additives "Valopro" and "Ruprokol" has been proved. The introduction of these feed additives into the diet during the rearing period made it possible to obtain a live weight of 439 kg, one kilogram of which contains 403 g of muscle tissue and 429 g of edible parts of the carcass, which is 5-9% higher than in the control. It has been experimentally proven that when fattening large white pigs up to 100 and 120 kg of live weight, it is necessary to maintain the amino acid content at an optimal level by introducing synthetic amino acids, which provides an increase in live weight gain and a decrease in the age of fattening. For the purpose of the intravital formation of high-q
的目标。研究新型饲料添加剂对各类动物源性原料生产中生产力和品质特征形成的影响。材料和方法。在研究过程中采用了动物技术、生物化学和数学分析方法。根据Student-t验证标准,使用Microsoft Excel软件包,采用变异统计方法对得到的数字资料进行处理。结果。研究结果证明,使用新型饲料添加剂“CoreMix”和“Vitazar”育肥卡尔梅克公牛的有效性。在试验期间,1、2试验组动物的活重绝对增长量分别比对照组高8.9、18.5 kg,每增加1 kg活重的耗料量分别降低0.4、0.7 EKE,人均销售利润分别提高696、1690卢布,盈利水平分别提高3.1%、8.2%。对阿伯丁安格斯种犊牛在饲粮中添加新型益生菌补充剂“罗达芬”后牛肉形成规律的研究表明,饲喂结束时,18月龄时,对照组宰前体重为463.9±3.29 kg,而饲喂不同剂量试验补充剂的试验组宰前体重分别显著提高3.7%、4.7%和3.9%。为了在体内形成哈萨克白头牛幼牛的最佳品质指标,已经证明了使用迁徙蝗(Locusta migratoria, ELM)昆虫挤压饲料的效率。试验组犊牛胴体较对照组重,宰前活重优势5.8 kg,占1.41% (P<0.05),鲜胴体重优势5.6 kg,占2.75% (P<0.05)。屠宰体重方面,试验组犊牛比对照组提高5.4 kg,提高2.53% (P <0.05)。为了提高西门塔尔公牛的生长能量和肉产率,研究了新型饲料添加剂“Valopro”和“Ruprokol”的可行性。在饲养期间将这些饲料添加剂添加到饲料中,可以获得439公斤的活重,其中每公斤含有403克肌肉组织和429克胴体可食用部分,比对照组高5-9%。实验证明,在育肥100和120 kg活重的大型白猪时,有必要通过引入合成氨基酸来维持氨基酸含量在最佳水平,从而提高活增重,降低育肥年龄。为了使干旱的伏尔加河沿岸地区的Edilbaev公羊的高品质羊肉的生命形成,在幼羊的日粮中使用一种含有有机碘、硒和硅的新型饲料添加剂的便利性已经得到证明。为了提高兔肉的品质,采用以抗氧化剂和有机酸为基础的新型饲料添加剂是可行的。结论。在牛肉、猪肉、羊肉和兔肉生产中使用新型饲料添加剂的便利性已得到证实。所提出的饲料添加剂的使用对饲料的采食量和消化率、所获得原料的最佳定量和定性特征的形成以及生产盈利能力的提高都有积极的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Comparative assessment of reproductive abilities of crossbred heifers in the conditions of the Lower Volga Region 伏尔加河下游地区条件下杂交小母牛繁殖能力的比较评价
Pub Date : 2020-12-25 DOI: 10.31208/2618-7353-2020-12-45-51
M. Slozhenkina, A. A. Kaidulina, V. Grishin, E. Karpenko, S. Surkova
Aim. To study in a comparative aspect the reproductive abilities of crossbred heifers obtained as a result of industrial interbreeding. Material and Methods. Zootechnical and mathematical methods of analysis, as well as the documents of zootechnical breeding records available on the farm, cards of breeding bulls-producers were used in the course of research. The digital material was biometrically processed on a PC using the Microsoft Office Excel program. Results. Studies have shown that crossbred young animal of all four experimental groups were characterized by high growth rates and gain in live weight. At the same time, the most weighty and forward were the three-breed hybrid Hereford heifers of the III group with the genotype ½ hereford x ¼ charolais x ¼ simmenthal. However, the rapid gain in body weight did not affect the age of the onset and end of puberty in young animals of this group and amounted to 258.30 and 316.22 days. respectively. In crossbred heifers of Kalmyk breed of group I with a genotype of ½ kalmyks. x ¼ salers x ¼ simmenthal faster than all their peers, puberty began and ended (249.30 and 301.40 days, respectively), which made it possible to start inseminating them first (485.50 days). Conclusion. In crossbred first-calf heifers of all four genotypes, good maternal qualities were noted, which allows them to be used in the formation of broodstock in beef cattle breeding. To increase the production of beef and improve its quality, it is advisable to effectively use the genetic potential of the Kalmyk and Hereford breeds.
的目标。从比较的角度研究工业杂交所获得的杂交种的繁殖能力。材料和方法。在研究过程中使用了动物技术和数学分析方法,以及养殖场现有的动物技术育种记录文件和种牛生产者卡片。这些数字材料是在个人电脑上使用微软Office Excel程序进行生物识别处理的。结果。研究表明,四个试验组杂交幼畜的生长速度和活重均较高。同时,最重和最向前的是基因型为1 / 2赫里福德× 1 / 4夏洛莱× 1 / 4西门塔尔的3种杂交赫里福德小母牛III组。然而,体重的快速增加并没有影响该组幼鼠青春期开始和结束的年龄,分别为258.30天和316.22天。分别。卡尔梅克混血小母牛,基因型为1 / 2卡尔梅克。青春期开始和结束的时间(分别为249.30天和301.40天)比所有同龄人都要快,这使得他们有可能首先开始人工授精(485.50天)。结论。在所有四种基因型的杂交小牛中,注意到良好的母系品质,这使得它们可以用于肉牛育种中形成的亲本。为了增加牛肉的产量和提高其质量,建议有效地利用卡尔梅克和赫里福德品种的遗传潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Food fortification – a modern principle of the food industry 食品强化-食品工业的现代原则
Pub Date : 2020-12-25 DOI: 10.31208/2618-7353-2020-12-70-76
V. G. Kaishev
Aim. To analyze the scientific and technical literature and identify ways to create a new generation of mass-consumption food products enriched with vital nutrients. Discussion. The main malnutrition of the Russian population is the excess of caloric intake over an indicator of the level of energy consumption. One of the ways to solve this problem is the production of functional food products or enriched functional products. The essence of this is that only those micronutrients that are really in short supply should be used in the fortification of products. These should be products of mass consumption, and especially those that undergo refining, which results in the loss of micronutrients. The use of raw materials and ingredients only of natural (animal, vegetable, mineral) origin, allows you to create active complexes that qualitatively change the physiological properties of the product, and can affect many product characteristics and processes such as physico-chemical, structural-mechanical and organoleptic characteristics of the product, the processes of color formation, fermentation, oxidation, storage capacity. However, sometimes a strong passion for enriching the product with useful macro- and micronutrients affects the taste characteristics. Conclusion. When developing recipes and technologies for new-generation products, it is necessary that the enrichment of the product with important and necessary elements does not worsen the organoleptic characteristics. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure the safety of products without compromising consumer properties. The diet should contain all the necessary nutrients (nutrients) for a person in sufficient quantities and balanced with each other in the most favorable proportions.
的目标。分析科学和技术文献,并确定创造富含重要营养素的新一代大众消费食品的方法。讨论。俄罗斯人口营养不良的主要原因是热量摄入超过了能源消耗水平的一个指标。解决这一问题的途径之一是生产功能性食品或强化功能性产品。其本质是,只有那些真正短缺的微量营养素才应该用于强化产品。这些应该是大众消费的产品,特别是那些经过精炼的产品,这会导致微量营养素的损失。仅使用天然(动物、植物、矿物)来源的原料和成分,允许您创建活性复合物,从质量上改变产品的生理特性,并可以影响产品的许多特性和过程,如产品的物理化学、结构机械和感官特性,颜色形成、发酵、氧化、储存能力的过程。然而,有时用有益的宏量和微量营养素丰富产品的强烈热情会影响味道特征。结论。在开发新一代产品的配方和技术时,必须保证产品中重要和必要的元素的丰富不会使产品的感官特性恶化。同时,有必要在不损害消费者财产的情况下确保产品的安全。饮食应该包含一个人所需的所有营养(营养素)的足够数量,并以最有利的比例相互平衡。
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引用次数: 1
A review of dissertations defended in the dissertation council D 006.067.01 of the Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-milk Production in 2020 2020年伏尔加河地区肉类和牛奶生产制造和加工研究所学位论文委员会D 006.067.01答辩论文综述
Pub Date : 2020-12-25 DOI: 10.31208/2618-7353-2020-12-87-97
M. Slozhenkina, A. Mosolov
In 2020, six dissertations were defended at the dissertation council D 006.067.01 on the basis of the Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, one of which for the degree of doctor sciences. The research is devoted to solving the actual problems of the production of livestock products: milk, pork, meat of broilers, chicken eggs, meat and ostrich eggs through the use of new feed additives. This article provides a brief overview of dissertations, shows the scientific novelty, theoretical and practical significance of the research carried out, and presents the results of implementation.
2020年,以伏尔加河地区肉奶生产加工研究所为基础,在学位论文评议会D 006.067.01答辩6篇,其中1篇获得博士学位。本研究致力于通过新型饲料添加剂的使用,解决畜产品生产中的实际问题:牛奶、猪肉、肉鸡肉、鸡蛋、肉和鸵鸟蛋。本文对论文进行了简要概述,展示了所开展研究的新颖性、理论意义和现实意义,并介绍了实施成果。
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引用次数: 0
Scenarios for a global breakthrough of Russian agricultural within a «green» economy 俄罗斯农业在“绿色”经济中实现全球突破的情景
Pub Date : 2020-06-25 DOI: 10.31208/2618-7353-2020-10-20-32
G. V. Fedotova, M. Slozhenkina
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引用次数: 2
Development of the method for producing jellied meat «Cranberry» “蔓越莓”肉冻生产方法的发展
Pub Date : 2020-06-25 DOI: 10.31208/2618-7353-2020-10-62-71
I. Gorlov, S. Bozhkova, E. Kuzmina, O. A. Knyazhechenko
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引用次数: 0
Comparative efficiency of whole milk and its replacer for feeding calves 全脂牛奶及其替代品饲喂犊牛的比较效率
Pub Date : 2020-06-25 DOI: 10.31208/2618-7353-2020-10-50-61
V. Radchikov, M. E. Radiko, E. Prilovskaya, I. Gorlov, M. Slozhenkina
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Agrarian-And-Food Innovations
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