Zeitschrift fur experimentelle Chirurgie最新文献

Immunologic changes are a component of the pathophysiology of severe burns. The effect of the burn toxin can be reduced by immunologic mechanism. The antigen elimination by immunologic defense mechanism additionally to the necrectomy was discussed. A significant therapeutic effect after standardised burn in the animal mouse model showed the application of heterologous antibodies against the burn antigen and the specific immunostimulation. The antibody titre and the number of lymphocytes which bind burn toxin were investigated. The animal experimental results show the real chances of the antigen elimination by passive immunisation respectively immunostimulation. Immunosuppressive influence by therapeutic measures must be avoided.

The influence of the function of the thrombocytes after electrical thrombosis induction by means of anodic direct current was investigated in 39 mongrel dogs. The platelet factor 3, the rotation thromboelastography, and the collagen induced thrombocytes aggregation in the optical test by Born was examined. The platelet factor 3 adhering on the thrombocytes decreased from 95% to 49% in the course of the thrombosis induction. Its activity was provable by means of the rotation thrombelastogram in the plasma. Besides of it the electrical field caused an activation of the thrombocytes which corresponds to a contact activation on foreign body surfaces. The collagen induced aggregation ability of the thrombocytes remains unaffected after the passage of the electrical field.

In 15 mongrel dogs acute experimental pancreatitis (AEP) was induced by injection of bile and trypsin into the pancreatic duct. After 12 hrs in lysosomal enriched subfraction of the liver in untreated group (N = 5) relative free activity of cathepsins (Cs), acid phosphatase (AP) and beta-glucuronidase (beta G) increased to 50,62, and 53% respectively in comparison to the healthy dogs (N = 6) : 19,43 and 20%. In dogs with AEP treated with prostacyclin (PGI2) in the dose of 20 ng/kg X min for 12 hrs these activities of Cs, AP and beta G were lowered to 30,55 and 41% in comparison with the untreated group. In dogs with AEP (N = 5) additionally pretreated during 1 hr before the induction of AEP with the same rate of PGI2 i.v. infusion, the relative free activity of enzymes was similar to the treated group. After two hrs incubation of lysosomal enriched subfraction in acidic medium (pH = 5,0), the highest values of relative free activity were observed in untreated group, the difference being more pronounced in comparison with control group than before incubation. In those animals treated and pretreated with PGI2, postincubation activities were much lower than in untreated dogs. These results suggest the stabilising effect of PGI2 on hepatic lysosomes, damaged during the course of AEP in dogs.

The authors carried out choledochal grafts in dogs with autologous parietal peritoneum and adjoining fascia of the musculus rectus abdominis. The patch was fixed with the tissue adhesive hystoacryl without suture. Additionally there was used an interior splinting with a polyethylene tube coated with paraffin. The inserted tube rubed off itself in case of a proper size. Adhesive must not get into the choledochus. 15 of the 20 experiments in dogs were successful.

Absorption of ultrasound leads to reversible or irreversible changes in biological tissues in dependence on the sound intensity. The ultrasound causes under appointed conditions in skin, muscles, vessels, nerve tissue, and bone histopathological changes in a different scale which must be observed in the ultrasonic surgery. 200 tissue specimens from 40 guinea pigs were taken from defined localisations after an ample ultrasound exposition and were evaluated microscopically by hematoxylin-eosin staining technique. Skin and vessels showed very vehement reactions. Intact osseous tissue reacted with periosteal callus formation. Practical conclusions can be draws for the ultrasonic surgery by the discussion on histopathological changes.

The metabolic state of the liver during preservation as well as in and after auxiliary transplantation was investigated in dogs. The biopsy was carried out by means of TRU-CUT biopsy needle. - The ATP concentration, the storage of energy, the amount of the adenine nucleotides, and the ATP/ADP quotient decrease in the preserved liver. The AMP concentration, the concentration of the hexosemonophosphates and the mass-effective quotient of the phosphofructokinase increase simultaneously. The energy supply is the glycolysis exclusively. A lactate accumulation is avoided by continuous perfusion. - The changeover of the anaerobic to the aerobic energy preparation took place by degrees after the recovery of the liver circulation. The ATP concentration, the ATP/ADP quotient, the storage of energy, and the amount of the adenine nucleotides increase in the transplanted liver. - An irreversible ischemic damage of the liver appears in the metabolic state of the organ by a massive decrease of the ATP concentration below 0.7 mmol/kg, the amount of the adenine nucleotides below 1.8 mmol/kg, and AMP concentration.

Adhesions of the small intestine were produced by scarification in 43 dogs. The 38 surviving animals were relaparotomised after 3 weeks and the adhesions were separated. Afterwards the Noble operation in 11 animals, the modified operation by Childs in 10 animals, the interior splinting of the small intestine by Reifferscheid-Phillipp in 10 animals, and the simple closure of the abdominal cavity in 7 animals (control group) were carried out. The autopsy was performed 1 to 8 weeks after the operation. The intestine was in perfect plication order after the noble operation. Overlapping of loops without complications were existing after the operation by Childs. Unsystematic fixations without kinking were observed after the interior splinting, but in one case no adhesion was visible after 2 months and in another case a heavy inflammation of the abdominal wall was caused by the splint. Kinking, unsystematic fixation, and wide lumina without ileus were discovered in the control group. - The Noble operation is expanding with reference to the time. The operation by Childs is a simple and short-term operation. The interior splinting under experimental circumstances is a lengthy and traumatising procedure in the opinion of the author.

Pressing need of selectively vesically or spinally acting neuropharmacons exists for patients with neurogenic disturbances of the function of the urinary bladder especially for children with myelomeningocele. The medicament MICTONORM a peripherally effective anticholinergic drug was tested in healthy young pigs with reference to the effect on the storage volume of the bladder. Cystometrograms were recorded in the narcotised experimental animal before and after intravenous application of 0.5 mg MICTONORM per kg body mass. The average increase of the vesical capacity after the drug application amounted to 39.2% (dispersion 6.3 - 95.3%). The values of the vesical pressure showed a nonuniform behaviour. An effect in the afferent part of the vesical reflex arc comes into question for the pharmacon because of the type of action.

The own animal experimental investigations served the clearing of the most favourable variant of the operative technique in dog including organ perfusion and microsurgery. The middle-term endocrinic effects of a segmental transplant of nearly 35% of the pancreas from the dog were defined and the regulation of the endocrinic function of the denervated transplant was analysed. The morphological transformations in the transplant show new aspects by the exclusion of immunologic events. The evidence of the function of the transplant in vivo was led by the absolute lack of insulin after extirpating the transplant.