Zeitschrift fur experimentelle Chirurgie最新文献

Microscopical examination of the liver of dogs which after allogenic kidney transplantation were transiently treated with antilymphocyte globulin revealed infiltrates of mononuclear cells (lymphocytes, plasma and reticulum cells). These infiltrates were usually situated in perivascular spaces (around the central veins or on the portobiliary tract). A proportion of capillaries showed endothelial proliferation and the narrowing of their lumen. The authors were unable to determine whether these lesions resulted from the direct toxic effect of antilymphocyte globulin or represented a nonspecific reaction to the used preparation.

The cannulation of lymph vessels by means of polyethylene Clay-Adams P 60 tube were through out in legs of 25 normal men. The lymph quantity, the contents of immunoglobulin and complement as well as cells and the pressure were measured. Rhythmic contractions of lymph vessels may be a major determinant of lymph flow. The pressure ranged between 20 and 50 mmHg. Leg lymph flow and protein concentration undergo major 24 hr variation dependent on the position of the body and the type of activity. At night lymph flow while in the rest is low. A continuous decrease in lymph protein concentration observed while in the upright position may be explained by the wash-out of proteins accumulated during periods in the horizontal position. The immune defence in the interstitial fluid and lymph of normal tissues seems to be weaker than in blood. Antibodies have definite biological properties. The contents of leucocyte and erythrocyte in human leg lymph is discussed.

Thioacetamide (TAA) causes experimental liver cirrhosis in rats. TAA was administered (50 mg per kg body weight i.p. daily) to sham-operated and shunted rats for eight weeks. Then in pentobarbital anesthesia, bile flow and the maximal biliary excretion (Tm) of BSP were measured using constant infusion technique. Compared to the controls, BSP Tm values decreased significantly in cirrhotic rats. The change results from the lower concentration of dye. In cirrhotic animals the liver cannot excrete the dye per net fluid volume as efficiently, as in the controls. In animals having portocaval shunts and liver cirrhosis, a further decrease of dye excretion can be observed, indicating that the operation has some influence on the canalicular excretion of certain organic anions.

In healthy dogs the parameters (amplitude and frequency) of small intestinal motility of segmental and propulsive contractions demonstrate a pressure-gradient directed from oral to aboral. The frequency of segmental contractions in the colo-rectal region shows a vector in the opposite direction. One rarely finds propulsive activity in this area. Following on colectomy, proctomucosectomy and ileum pull-through a distinct increase in segmental small intestinal activity is noticed, while the frequency of propulsive movements simultaneously decrease. Thus it comes to a slowing of the passage of intestinal contents, and to increased water resorption. From these findings we conclude that the small intestine plays an essential part in the regaining of fecal continence in these animals.

A valve in distal direction was formed by means of invaginationion without opening the urinary tract in 15 undilated ureters in dog. After 3 months their function as an antireflux valve was checked. The result was good in 9 cases, a stenosis of the invaginat appeared in 4 cases and no antireflux effect was existing owing to the dislocation of the invagination in 2 cases. Details of the operative technique, causes of the failure, and the employment of the method in the human medicine were discussed.

There is described a method for cerebral circulatory standstill by means of an isolated intra vital sink of cerebral vessels with Kallocryl C and it is compared with other methods. This methods is the most suitable model. Indeed it is connected with only a single response of the circulatory system in contrast to the most frequent clinical progresses. The final condition, however, corresponds to the isolated brain death of the organ donor. Long time examinations are possible.

The anatomic variants in course and origin of the vasa testicularis were exhibited in 14 dogs and 8 minipigs by means of angiography and vascular surgical preparation. Variations to the human anatomy were not evident. Hemodynamic measurements and angiographic investigations are indispensable to the experimental medicine or to the micro-vascular surgery of the masculine gonads.

Pancreatic islets were isolated by collagenase digestion of the pancreas from inbred Wistar rats and cultured at 20 mmol/l glucose and 5.3 mmol/l Mg++ for 4 days. About 1,000 cultured islets injected into the portal vein normalized the plasma glucose of severe diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin (45 mg/kg body weight). Spontaneous recovery of streptozotocin-treated rats was not observed in diabetic controls. Although the insulin response of transplanted rats after i.v. glucose injection (5 mmol per kg body weight) was significantly below control animals, the amount of insulin released was obviously sufficient to sustain a persisting normoglycemia of fed animals up to 1 year. The sufficient preservation of insulin content (I) and the rapid depletion of amylase content (A) of collagenase-treated pancreas fragments cultured for 48 h resulted in a significant rise in the I/A ratio. Because islet isolation is associated with islet loss, especially in the human pancreas, the short term culture enhances hopefully the possibilities for successful transplantation.