Pub Date : 2019-06-08DOI: 10.46624/ajptr.2019.v9.i3.025
Nima Kv, Lincy George, K. Krishnakumar, Jasna Jose
Nima KV*, Lincy George, K Krishnakumar, Jasna Jose Department of pharmacy practice, St James College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St James Hospital Trust Pharmaceutical Research Centre (DSIR recognized), Chalakudy, Kerala. ABSTRACT Corticosteroids are the drugs used for multifarious diseases because of their widespread action. It is suggested that these drug use should not be ceased rapidly, rather than it should be finished gently. Due to their diversity of actions and uses, more no of interactions with the drugs and diseases were recorded It is well known that there is a strong relationship between corticosteroid use and psychiatric effects. Both the steroid induced psychiatric symptoms and diagnosis are uncertain. Hence Pharmacists are the best person to mould a suitable drug therapy and a management regimen for corticosteroids induced adverse events in patients. They can also play an important role in educating the patients about corticosteroids and their psychic disturbances. Since physicians do not take any interest in to alert the patients about the usage, interactions and highly severe psychiatric problems of steroids, the need of pharmacists becomes very important.
Nima KV*， Lincy George, K Krishnakumar, Jasna Jose药学实践系，圣詹姆斯药物科学学院，圣詹姆斯医院信托药物研究中心(DSIR认可)，喀拉拉邦Chalakudy。糖皮质激素因其广泛的作用而被广泛用于治疗多种疾病。建议这些药物的使用不应迅速停止，而应慢慢结束。由于其作用和用途的多样性，更多的没有记录到与药物和疾病的相互作用。众所周知，皮质类固醇的使用与精神效果之间存在很强的关系。类固醇引起的精神症状和诊断都不确定。因此，药剂师是制定合适的药物治疗和管理方案的最佳人选，以应对皮质类固醇引起的患者不良事件。他们还可以在教育患者关于皮质类固醇及其精神障碍方面发挥重要作用。由于医生没有兴趣提醒患者类固醇的使用、相互作用和高度严重的精神问题，药剂师的需求变得非常重要。
{"title":"Psychiatric Disturbance of Corticosteroid Therapy: It’s The Time to Overcome","authors":"Nima Kv, Lincy George, K. Krishnakumar, Jasna Jose","doi":"10.46624/ajptr.2019.v9.i3.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46624/ajptr.2019.v9.i3.025","url":null,"abstract":"Nima KV*, Lincy George, K Krishnakumar, Jasna Jose Department of pharmacy practice, St James College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St James Hospital Trust Pharmaceutical Research Centre (DSIR recognized), Chalakudy, Kerala. ABSTRACT Corticosteroids are the drugs used for multifarious diseases because of their widespread action. It is suggested that these drug use should not be ceased rapidly, rather than it should be finished gently. Due to their diversity of actions and uses, more no of interactions with the drugs and diseases were recorded It is well known that there is a strong relationship between corticosteroid use and psychiatric effects. Both the steroid induced psychiatric symptoms and diagnosis are uncertain. Hence Pharmacists are the best person to mould a suitable drug therapy and a management regimen for corticosteroids induced adverse events in patients. They can also play an important role in educating the patients about corticosteroids and their psychic disturbances. Since physicians do not take any interest in to alert the patients about the usage, interactions and highly severe psychiatric problems of steroids, the need of pharmacists becomes very important.","PeriodicalId":7701,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of PharmTech Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75894255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-08DOI: 10.46624/ajptr.2019.v9.i3.030
A. Kumar, Sanjna Nayar
Technology has been used to change the world and to alter the manner of our existence. At present, the technological possibilities that lie ahead are also quite mind bending. The lines between "artificial" and "natural" are blurring by the day, with each new technical advancement and scientific discovery. Thus, in our field of dentistry the latest advancement is a boon to our patients. This is a case report on implant placement using 3D printed completely limiting tooth supported surgical guide with a flapless and immediate loading protocol. Dental implant has been established as one of the most predictable and conservative approaches for the rehabilitation of missing teeth. With the evolution of newer material and advancement in digital technology, especially in computed tomography, implant planning software and guided implant surgery, the outcome and success in implant dentistry have become more predictable. Computer aided design (CAD) technique is being integrated into treatment planning, and computer-assisted manufacturing (CAM) is becoming more popular for rehabilitation procedures. This case report illustrates the diagnosis, planning and application of 3D guided technology in dental implant surgery. This article also emphasises the importance of proper planning in prosthetically driven implant placement.
{"title":"Prostheticaly Driven Implant Placement -A Case Report","authors":"A. Kumar, Sanjna Nayar","doi":"10.46624/ajptr.2019.v9.i3.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46624/ajptr.2019.v9.i3.030","url":null,"abstract":"Technology has been used to change the world and to alter the manner of our existence. At present, the technological possibilities that lie ahead are also quite mind bending. The lines between \"artificial\" and \"natural\" are blurring by the day, with each new technical advancement and scientific discovery. Thus, in our field of dentistry the latest advancement is a boon to our patients. This is a case report on implant placement using 3D printed completely limiting tooth supported surgical guide with a flapless and immediate loading protocol. Dental implant has been established as one of the most predictable and conservative approaches for the rehabilitation of missing teeth. With the evolution of newer material and advancement in digital technology, especially in computed tomography, implant planning software and guided implant surgery, the outcome and success in implant dentistry have become more predictable. Computer aided design (CAD) technique is being integrated into treatment planning, and computer-assisted manufacturing (CAM) is becoming more popular for rehabilitation procedures. This case report illustrates the diagnosis, planning and application of 3D guided technology in dental implant surgery. This article also emphasises the importance of proper planning in prosthetically driven implant placement.","PeriodicalId":7701,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of PharmTech Research","volume":"145 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74351688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-08DOI: 10.46624/ajptr.2019.v9.i2.019
K. M, Abdul Harshid, Ananya Baburaj, Anjala Stephen
Cardio Vascular Diseases(CVD) are the leading cause of death and its incidence is rapidly increasing in every region of the world and it remains the major threat to modern society. At present, CVD prevention becomes a major issue for world health and burden on risk factor remains alarmingly high. The main objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and drug utilization in CVD. A prospective observational study was carried out in 186 inpatients for a duration of 6 months (October-17 to March-18) in the Medicine Department of AH&RC, B.G.Nagara. The data was collected after obtaining consent from inpatients. Ethical clearance from Institutional Ethical Committee AIMS, B.G.Nagara was obtained. The data was analyzed by using MS-Excel. Among 186 CVD patients more of males(62.4%) than females(37.6%) were seen, most of them fell in age group of 61-90 years(52.7%). 22% were alcoholics, 32.8% were smokers, 15.6% used tobacco, 39.8% had raised blood-pressure and 21.5% had raised blood-glucose. Among CVD patients hypertension was more prevalent(31.2%) followed by heart failure(15.1%), cardiovascular accident(13.4%), and most prescribed drugs include diuretics (56.3%), Calcium Channel Blockers(CCB)(49%) and anti-coagulants(50.2%). This study can benefit patients in early detection, high risk patients deserving immediate attention and intervention. It was observed that more males suffered from CVD than females; the most common CVD was found to be Hypertension. Major risk factors were alcohol, smoking, raised blood pressure and raised blood glucose. Most prescribed drugs include diuretics, CCB, and anticoagulants.
{"title":"A Study On Prevalence and Drug Utilization in Cardiovascular Diseases In A Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital","authors":"K. M, Abdul Harshid, Ananya Baburaj, Anjala Stephen","doi":"10.46624/ajptr.2019.v9.i2.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46624/ajptr.2019.v9.i2.019","url":null,"abstract":"Cardio Vascular Diseases(CVD) are the leading cause of death and its incidence is rapidly increasing in every region of the world and it remains the major threat to modern society. At present, CVD prevention becomes a major issue for world health and burden on risk factor remains alarmingly high. The main objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and drug utilization in CVD. A prospective observational study was carried out in 186 inpatients for a duration of 6 months (October-17 to March-18) in the Medicine Department of AH&RC, B.G.Nagara. The data was collected after obtaining consent from inpatients. Ethical clearance from Institutional Ethical Committee AIMS, B.G.Nagara was obtained. The data was analyzed by using MS-Excel. Among 186 CVD patients more of males(62.4%) than females(37.6%) were seen, most of them fell in age group of 61-90 years(52.7%). 22% were alcoholics, 32.8% were smokers, 15.6% used tobacco, 39.8% had raised blood-pressure and 21.5% had raised blood-glucose. Among CVD patients hypertension was more prevalent(31.2%) followed by heart failure(15.1%), cardiovascular accident(13.4%), and most prescribed drugs include diuretics (56.3%), Calcium Channel Blockers(CCB)(49%) and anti-coagulants(50.2%). This study can benefit patients in early detection, high risk patients deserving immediate attention and intervention. It was observed that more males suffered from CVD than females; the most common CVD was found to be Hypertension. Major risk factors were alcohol, smoking, raised blood pressure and raised blood glucose. Most prescribed drugs include diuretics, CCB, and anticoagulants.","PeriodicalId":7701,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of PharmTech Research","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83847122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-08DOI: 10.46624/ajptr.2019.v9.i2.014
Sruthi Ns, S. A
Coffee is grown in various geological and climatic adversities in India. The top coffee producing countries include Brazil, Columbia, Indonesia, India and Ethiopia. Coffee, one of the world’s most important trade products. Two species are economically important for the production of the beverage coffee, Coffea arabica L. (Arabica coffee) and Coffea canephora A. Froehner (Robusta coffee). Coffee is not merely a beverage, it also has medicinal, cosmetics uses too. Certain research studies shows that coffee is a source of antioxidants and regular consumption of coffee may lower chances of heart diseases and stroke. It can prevent certain type of cancers such as colorectal cancer. Coffea robusta is the variety that is chosen as the study material. It is a woody perennial evergreen plant. It’s the second most commercially important coffee species in India is Robusta. The cost of Robusta cultivation is relatively lower compared to Arabica. Coffee in India is mainly propagated through seeds. Use of quality seed plays an important role in establishing a productive plantation. Coffee harvesting and processing is both an art and a science. The present study deals with the cultivation, harvesting and processing to produce top quality coffee in Coffea robusta and their value added product.
在印度，咖啡生长在各种地质和气候条件恶劣的地方。主要的咖啡生产国包括巴西、哥伦比亚、印度尼西亚、印度和埃塞俄比亚。咖啡是世界上最重要的贸易产品之一。两种对饮料咖啡的生产具有重要的经济意义，即Coffea arabica L.(阿拉比卡咖啡)和Coffea canephora A. Froehner(罗布斯塔咖啡)。咖啡不仅仅是一种饮料，它也有药用和化妆品的用途。某些研究表明，咖啡是抗氧化剂的来源，经常饮用咖啡可以降低患心脏病和中风的几率。它可以预防某些类型的癌症，如结肠直肠癌。罗布斯塔咖啡是选择作为研究材料的品种。它是一种多年生常绿木本植物。在印度，罗布斯塔咖啡是第二大商业咖啡品种。与阿拉比卡相比，罗布斯塔的种植成本相对较低。印度的咖啡主要通过种子繁殖。优质种子的使用对建立高效的人工林起着重要作用。咖啡的收获和加工既是一门艺术，也是一门科学。本文研究了罗布斯塔咖啡的种植、收获和加工，以生产高品质的咖啡及其增值产品。
{"title":"Cultivation, Harvesting and Processing to Produce Top Quality Coffee in Coffee Robusta L. Linden And Their Value Added Products-A Review","authors":"Sruthi Ns, S. A","doi":"10.46624/ajptr.2019.v9.i2.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46624/ajptr.2019.v9.i2.014","url":null,"abstract":"Coffee is grown in various geological and climatic adversities in India. The top coffee producing countries include Brazil, Columbia, Indonesia, India and Ethiopia. Coffee, one of the world’s most important trade products. Two species are economically important for the production of the beverage coffee, Coffea arabica L. (Arabica coffee) and Coffea canephora A. Froehner (Robusta coffee). Coffee is not merely a beverage, it also has medicinal, cosmetics uses too. Certain research studies shows that coffee is a source of antioxidants and regular consumption of coffee may lower chances of heart diseases and stroke. It can prevent certain type of cancers such as colorectal cancer. Coffea robusta is the variety that is chosen as the study material. It is a woody perennial evergreen plant. It’s the second most commercially important coffee species in India is Robusta. The cost of Robusta cultivation is relatively lower compared to Arabica. Coffee in India is mainly propagated through seeds. Use of quality seed plays an important role in establishing a productive plantation. Coffee harvesting and processing is both an art and a science. The present study deals with the cultivation, harvesting and processing to produce top quality coffee in Coffea robusta and their value added product.","PeriodicalId":7701,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of PharmTech Research","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83978454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-08DOI: 10.46624/ajptr.2019.v9.i2.024
V. P. Sonar, Buddhabhushan V. Bansod, pavankumar N. Desale, S. Chalikwar
Medicinal plants are major source of bioactive compounds and chemical structures that gives potential beneficial effects. Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi) belongs to the Lamiaceae family, cultivated around tropical and semitropical zone of India and other surrounding Asian countries. In the present review on O. sanctum, the traditional uses, chemical constituents and pharmacological activities are explored. Various medicinal and therapeutic characteristics of Tulsi are found in the aerial parts, roots, leaves and seeds which havea broad range of activity on human being. O. sanctumhas multiple medicinal and therapeutic properties such as antibacterial, anticholinesterase, antioxidant, antifungal, antimicrobial, antiaflatoxigenic, anti-inflammatory and antinoceceptive, anticandidal, toxicological, anti-stress and anticonvulsant, anticancer, wound healing activities. Recent research has proven the anticancer and anti-HIV activity of O. sanctum. The chemical compounds of O. sanctum like alkaloids, phenolics, phenyl, coumarins, flavonoids, fatty acids, essential oils, steroidal, and tannin contents play an important role in herbal medicine. This paper examines the various traditional uses, phytochemical constituents and therapeutic potentials of Tulsi plant will be helpful in the treatment of oral diseases and many medicinal disorders and also will be useful in the expansion of new active principles.
{"title":"Ocimum Sanctum- A Traditional Remedy and Ethno Medicinal Uses, A Concise Review","authors":"V. P. Sonar, Buddhabhushan V. Bansod, pavankumar N. Desale, S. Chalikwar","doi":"10.46624/ajptr.2019.v9.i2.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46624/ajptr.2019.v9.i2.024","url":null,"abstract":"Medicinal plants are major source of bioactive compounds and chemical structures that gives potential beneficial effects. Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi) belongs to the Lamiaceae family, cultivated around tropical and semitropical zone of India and other surrounding Asian countries. In the present review on O. sanctum, the traditional uses, chemical constituents and pharmacological activities are explored. Various medicinal and therapeutic characteristics of Tulsi are found in the aerial parts, roots, leaves and seeds which havea broad range of activity on human being. O. sanctumhas multiple medicinal and therapeutic properties such as antibacterial, anticholinesterase, antioxidant, antifungal, antimicrobial, antiaflatoxigenic, anti-inflammatory and antinoceceptive, anticandidal, toxicological, anti-stress and anticonvulsant, anticancer, wound healing activities. Recent research has proven the anticancer and anti-HIV activity of O. sanctum. The chemical compounds of O. sanctum like alkaloids, phenolics, phenyl, coumarins, flavonoids, fatty acids, essential oils, steroidal, and tannin contents play an important role in herbal medicine. This paper examines the various traditional uses, phytochemical constituents and therapeutic potentials of Tulsi plant will be helpful in the treatment of oral diseases and many medicinal disorders and also will be useful in the expansion of new active principles.","PeriodicalId":7701,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of PharmTech Research","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85016337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Please cite this article as: Devi V et al., A Study Of Method Development, Validation and Forced Degradation Studies of Clotrimazole by Using UV Spectrophotometry . American Journal of PharmTech Research 2019. A Study Of Method Development, Validation and Forced Degradation Studies of Clotrimazole by Using UV Spectrophotometry Devi velmurugan , Sekar vairavel, Rajasekar chandran, Saranya, Siva Kumar nayak Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, JKK Nattaraja College of Pharmacy, Komarapalayam, Namakkal (DT), TN, India ABSTRACT To develop a simple, precise, accurate, and stability indicating a UV-method for estimation of Clotrimazole. In bulk and formulated dosage form. The method was under subjected to stress degradation at different conditions recommended by the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH). The drug samples are generated and used for the degradation studies. The λmax of the Clotrimazole was found to be 220 nm. The linearity of calibration curve (Absorbance Vs Concentration) in pure solution was checked over the concentration ranges of about 5-30μg/ml for Clotrimazole respectively, with the correlation coefficient higher than 0.999. The regression equation of the curve was Y = 0.0168x + 0.0041. The % RSD was found to be within the limit as per ICH guidelines. The obtained percentage recovery of Clotrimazole was found to be within the limit 100% ± SD. The proposed method can be successfully applied for the method development, validation and stress degradation studies of Clotrimazole. The percentage degradation limit should be 5-20%. The drug Clotrimazole was found to be within the limit.
请引用本文:Devi V et al.，紫外分光光度法测定氯霉唑的方法开发、验证及强制降解研究。美国医药技术研究杂志2019。摘要:建立一种简便、精确、准确、稳定的紫外分光光度法测定克霉唑的方法。散装和配方剂型。该方法在国际统一会议(ICH)推荐的不同条件下进行了应力退化试验。生成药物样品并用于降解研究。氯霉唑的λmax为220 nm。氯霉唑在5 ~ 30μg/ml浓度范围内，分别在纯溶液中检验吸光度与浓度的线性关系，相关系数均大于0.999。曲线回归方程为Y = 0.0168x + 0.0041。RSD在ICH指南规定的范围内。结果表明，氯霉唑的回收率在100%±SD范围内。该方法可成功应用于氯霉唑的方法开发、验证和应力降解研究。百分比降解极限应为5-20%。药物氯霉唑被发现在限量之内。
{"title":"A Study Of Method Development, Validation and Forced Degradation Studies of Clotrimazole by Using UV Spectrophotometry","authors":"Devi velmuruganaƒ, S. Vairavel, Rajasekar chandran, Saranya ., Siva Kumar nayak","doi":"10.46624/ajptr.2019.v9.i2.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46624/ajptr.2019.v9.i2.005","url":null,"abstract":"Please cite this article as: Devi V et al., A Study Of Method Development, Validation and Forced Degradation Studies of Clotrimazole by Using UV Spectrophotometry . American Journal of PharmTech Research 2019. A Study Of Method Development, Validation and Forced Degradation Studies of Clotrimazole by Using UV Spectrophotometry Devi velmurugan , Sekar vairavel, Rajasekar chandran, Saranya, Siva Kumar nayak Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, JKK Nattaraja College of Pharmacy, Komarapalayam, Namakkal (DT), TN, India ABSTRACT To develop a simple, precise, accurate, and stability indicating a UV-method for estimation of Clotrimazole. In bulk and formulated dosage form. The method was under subjected to stress degradation at different conditions recommended by the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH). The drug samples are generated and used for the degradation studies. The λmax of the Clotrimazole was found to be 220 nm. The linearity of calibration curve (Absorbance Vs Concentration) in pure solution was checked over the concentration ranges of about 5-30μg/ml for Clotrimazole respectively, with the correlation coefficient higher than 0.999. The regression equation of the curve was Y = 0.0168x + 0.0041. The % RSD was found to be within the limit as per ICH guidelines. The obtained percentage recovery of Clotrimazole was found to be within the limit 100% ± SD. The proposed method can be successfully applied for the method development, validation and stress degradation studies of Clotrimazole. The percentage degradation limit should be 5-20%. The drug Clotrimazole was found to be within the limit.","PeriodicalId":7701,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of PharmTech Research","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88585175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-08DOI: 10.46624/ajptr.2019.v9.i2.017
Amal M. Abd El Razek, Azza A. Hasan, Shereen A Sabry, M. Mahdy, Eslam E. Hamed
The present study focused on the formulation of metoclopramide HCl (MET HCl) loaded oral wafers (OWs) as a fast dissolving dosage form without drinking water to produce a prompt improvement of emesis. OWs were prepared by casting technique using Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC) as a film forming agent and plasticizers like propylene glycol (PG), polyethylene glycol (PEG) 400 and polyethylene glycol 600. The prepared formulations were visually inspected and subjected to evaluation parameters such as thickness, weight variation, drug content, folding endurance, surface pH, tensile strength, mucoadhesiveness, percentage of moisture absorption, percentage of moisture loss and in vitro release study. G3 batch was selected for further investigations e.g. DSC, FTIR and in vivo evaluation. The bioavailability of MET HCl loaded OWs was assessed by measuring the plasma concentrations of MET HCl in different studied rabbit's groups' .All wafers were transparent, smooth, uniform and flexible. G3 batch (300 mg HPMC, 20% PEG 400) showed the highest tensile strength, percent elongation, mucoadhesiveness and faster drug release. The pharmacokinetic data of MET HCl loaded OWs preparation (G3 batch) showed a significant higher Cmax, AUC0-24 and lower Tmax (p<0.001) than oral plain MET HCl solution. It could be concluded that MET HCl loaded OWs is a promising fast-release preparation with enhanced rate and extent of drug absorption hence, higher therapeutic efficiency against vomiting and nausea in pediatrics, especially postoperatively can be expected.
{"title":"Metoclopramide Hydrochloride Loaded Oral Wafers for Postoperative Care of Children: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation","authors":"Amal M. Abd El Razek, Azza A. Hasan, Shereen A Sabry, M. Mahdy, Eslam E. Hamed","doi":"10.46624/ajptr.2019.v9.i2.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46624/ajptr.2019.v9.i2.017","url":null,"abstract":"The present study focused on the formulation of metoclopramide HCl (MET HCl) loaded oral wafers (OWs) as a fast dissolving dosage form without drinking water to produce a prompt improvement of emesis. OWs were prepared by casting technique using Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC) as a film forming agent and plasticizers like propylene glycol (PG), polyethylene glycol (PEG) 400 and polyethylene glycol 600. The prepared formulations were visually inspected and subjected to evaluation parameters such as thickness, weight variation, drug content, folding endurance, surface pH, tensile strength, mucoadhesiveness, percentage of moisture absorption, percentage of moisture loss and in vitro release study. G3 batch was selected for further investigations e.g. DSC, FTIR and in vivo evaluation. The bioavailability of MET HCl loaded OWs was assessed by measuring the plasma concentrations of MET HCl in different studied rabbit's groups' .All wafers were transparent, smooth, uniform and flexible. G3 batch (300 mg HPMC, 20% PEG 400) showed the highest tensile strength, percent elongation, mucoadhesiveness and faster drug release. The pharmacokinetic data of MET HCl loaded OWs preparation (G3 batch) showed a significant higher Cmax, AUC0-24 and lower Tmax (p<0.001) than oral plain MET HCl solution. It could be concluded that MET HCl loaded OWs is a promising fast-release preparation with enhanced rate and extent of drug absorption hence, higher therapeutic efficiency against vomiting and nausea in pediatrics, especially postoperatively can be expected.","PeriodicalId":7701,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of PharmTech Research","volume":"41 6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83140547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-08DOI: 10.46624/ajptr.2019.v9.i2.008
B. K. M, P. Swathi, Ankita Singh, H. Doddayya, G. Manjunath
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Pub Date : 2019-04-08DOI: 10.46624/ajptr.2019.v9.i2.026
L. Jamagondi, Aniket S. Katte
The objective of the present research work is to formulate and evaluate Itraconazole antifungal gel. Itraconazole is an imidazole derivative and used for the treatment of local and systemic fungal infection. The oral activity of Itraconazole is not much proven to be efficient as it has many side effects. This formulation is made for better patient compliance and to reduce the dose of the drug. The gel was formulated by changing the polymer ratio. Various formulation (F1, F2, F3, F4) were developed by using a suitable polymer (carbopol 971p and noveonAA1). The formulation was evaluated for, spreadability, extrudability and viscosity in vitro drug release study. Viscosity studies of various formulations revealed that formulation F4 was better to compare to others. From among all the developed formulation, F4 shows better drug diffusion, did good Rheological properties. pH of the F4 formulation is sufficient enough to treat the skin infections. Results indicated that the concentration of carbopol 971p and noveon AA1 significantly affects drug release and rheological properties of the gel. It was concluded that formulation F4 was the best formulation among this formulation. Hence formulation F4 has shown the better results compared to other batches.
{"title":"FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF TOPICAL ANTIFUNGAL GEL CONTAINING ITRACONAZOLE","authors":"L. Jamagondi, Aniket S. Katte ","doi":"10.46624/ajptr.2019.v9.i2.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46624/ajptr.2019.v9.i2.026","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the present research work is to formulate and evaluate Itraconazole antifungal gel. Itraconazole is an imidazole derivative and used for the treatment of local and systemic fungal infection. The oral activity of Itraconazole is not much proven to be efficient as it has many side effects. This formulation is made for better patient compliance and to reduce the dose of the drug. The gel was formulated by changing the polymer ratio. Various formulation (F1, F2, F3, F4) were developed by using a suitable polymer (carbopol 971p and noveonAA1). The formulation was evaluated for, spreadability, extrudability and viscosity in vitro drug release study. Viscosity studies of various formulations revealed that formulation F4 was better to compare to others. From among all the developed formulation, F4 shows better drug diffusion, did good Rheological properties. pH of the F4 formulation is sufficient enough to treat the skin infections. Results indicated that the concentration of carbopol 971p and noveon AA1 significantly affects drug release and rheological properties of the gel. It was concluded that formulation F4 was the best formulation among this formulation. Hence formulation F4 has shown the better results compared to other batches.","PeriodicalId":7701,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of PharmTech Research","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78890960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-08DOI: 10.46624/ajptr.2019.v9.i2.025
Krishnamurthy A. Kamlapurkar, Manmat B. Rumane, Shrishail M. Ghurghure, Sagar Sontakke, Imran N. Mujewar
Please cite this article as: Rumane MB et al., Formulation and Evaluation of Ritonavir Floating Tablets.. American Journal of PharmTech Research 2019. Formulation and Evaluation of Ritonavir Floating Tablets. Krishnamurthy A. Kamlapurkar, Manmat B. Rumane,, Shrishail M. Ghurghure, Sagar S. Sontakke, Imran N. Mujewar. 1. P.G. Department of pharmaceutics, D.S.T.S. Mandal’s college of pharmacy, Solapur-413004 Maharashtra India ABSTRACT The aim of present research work was to formulate gastro retentive floating tablets containing Ritonavir. The floating tablets of Ritonavir was formulated by direct compression technique using natural, semi-synthetic and synthetic polymers such as gellan gum, HPMC K4M, and carbopol 971p. Sodium bicarbonate was used as gas generating agent. FTIR studies revealed that there is no interaction between the drug and the polymers used in the formulation. Prepared Ritonavir tablets were evaluated by various quality parameters including weight variation, hardness, friability, drug content, tablet density, floating test, swelling index, in-vitro drug release and showed satisfactory results. Formulations F2, F5, F6 showed satisfactory drug release of 90.3%, 94.3%, and 97.7% respectively. The optimized batch F6 shows good results and extended drug release.
请将这篇文章引用为:Rumane MB等人，利托那韦漂浮片的配方和评价。美国医药技术研究杂志2019。利托那韦漂浮片的处方及评价。Krishnamurthy A. Kamlapurkar, Manmat B. Rumane, Shrishail M. Ghurghure, Sagar S. Sontakke, Imran N. Mujewar。摘要本研究的目的是制备含利托那韦的胃内保留浮片。以结冷胶、HPMC K4M、卡波波尔971p等天然、半合成和合成聚合物为原料，采用直接压缩法制备利托那韦漂浮片。以碳酸氢钠为气体发生剂。红外光谱研究表明，药物和配方中使用的聚合物之间没有相互作用。采用重量变化、硬度、脆性、药物含量、片剂密度、浮沉试验、溶胀指数、体外释放度等质量指标对制备的利托那韦片进行评价，取得满意的结果。处方F2、F5、F6的释药率分别为90.3%、94.3%、97.7%，均达到满意。优化后的F6批药物效果良好，缓释时间延长。
{"title":"Formulation and Evaluation of Ritonavir Floating Tablets.","authors":"Krishnamurthy A. Kamlapurkar, Manmat B. Rumane, Shrishail M. Ghurghure, Sagar Sontakke, Imran N. Mujewar","doi":"10.46624/ajptr.2019.v9.i2.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46624/ajptr.2019.v9.i2.025","url":null,"abstract":"Please cite this article as: Rumane MB et al., Formulation and Evaluation of Ritonavir Floating Tablets.. American Journal of PharmTech Research 2019. Formulation and Evaluation of Ritonavir Floating Tablets. Krishnamurthy A. Kamlapurkar, Manmat B. Rumane,, Shrishail M. Ghurghure, Sagar S. Sontakke, Imran N. Mujewar. 1. P.G. Department of pharmaceutics, D.S.T.S. Mandal’s college of pharmacy, Solapur-413004 Maharashtra India ABSTRACT The aim of present research work was to formulate gastro retentive floating tablets containing Ritonavir. The floating tablets of Ritonavir was formulated by direct compression technique using natural, semi-synthetic and synthetic polymers such as gellan gum, HPMC K4M, and carbopol 971p. Sodium bicarbonate was used as gas generating agent. FTIR studies revealed that there is no interaction between the drug and the polymers used in the formulation. Prepared Ritonavir tablets were evaluated by various quality parameters including weight variation, hardness, friability, drug content, tablet density, floating test, swelling index, in-vitro drug release and showed satisfactory results. Formulations F2, F5, F6 showed satisfactory drug release of 90.3%, 94.3%, and 97.7% respectively. The optimized batch F6 shows good results and extended drug release.","PeriodicalId":7701,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of PharmTech Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84279051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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