Prevenzione & assistenza dentale最新文献

Objectives

To assess whether the well-documented action of a mouthrinse is due either to its content in essential oils as active ingredients or to its high concentration of ethanol as a solvent.

Materials and methods

This randomized, controlled, parallel clinical trial lasted four weeks. Twenty-eight subjects were enrolled and equally divided into two groups of 14 subjects each. The first group was given a mouthrinse (Listerine), whereas the second group was given a hydroalcoholic solution containing 21.3% ethanol. All patients were instructed to rinse their mouth twice a day for four weeks. The approximal plaque index (API) and the papillary bleeding index (PBI) were used to assess hygiene and interproximal inflammation levels, which were measured at t₀, t₁₄ e t₂₈.

Results

API and PBI indexes showed a statistically significant decrease in the first group; on the contrary, there were negligible variations in the control group.

Conclusions

The results of this clinical trial suggest that the action of the examined mouthrinse is not due to its high concentration of ethanol, but to its contents in essential oils.

Objectives

The project aims to analyze the feasibility of an oral hygiene service provided by a graduated dental hygienist in a public medical facility, oriented towards primary and secondary oral prevention services of social utility, as an alternative to what it is offered by the private sector.

Methods

In order to carry out this project, all necessary data and requirements have been identified with reference to the current regulation, the public health services resources and the expectations of the final user. The organization of the oral hygiene service has been analyzed with particular attention to the type of service, the operative methods, the responsibilities and competences. The resources through which oral hygiene services are efficiently and effectively provided have also been analyzed.

Results

The author presents data related to cost analysis, price of each service provided to the patient and to the assigned resources in relation to services provided in a public medical facility by graduated dental hygienists.

Conclusions

Although the insertion of dental hygienists represents a cost for the medical facility, through the calculation made to evaluate the different modalities to offer a private service or a reduced charge, it is possible to regulate the relationship between the dental hygienist and the medical facility with benefits for both and patients. The author therefore underlines the suitability and feasibility of the project.

Objectives

Provides to health professionals, involved in prevention and treatment of oral diseases, unambiguous and shared information based on the scientific available evidence.

Methods

A working group was established by Ministerial Decree; after analysis of the literature a guideline (LG) EBM has drafted.

Results and conclusions

LG have been formulated on the following topics: caries and gingivitis prevention.

Oral diseases prevalence and incidence remains at high level in Italian children. Therefore, there is a clear need to promote oral health and to plan preventive programs in children.

Objectives

The onset and progression of periodontal disease are the results of complex interactions between pathogenic bacteria and the host's immune-inflammatory responses, to understand such mechanism has the purpose to improve the oral health.

Methods

The invading bacteria in gingival tissues trigger the release of cytokines, leading to elevated numbers and activity of Polymorphonuclear leukocyte.

As a result, they produce large amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS), a collective term which include chemically reactive molecules derived from molecular oxygen, to which belong free radicals.

ROS are aimed at damaging periodontopathic bacteria but are released, not only in intracellular but also in extracellular environment, damaging both bacteria and adjacent tissues.

Results

There are evidences that periodontal tissue damage is caused by increased level of ROS during the physiological activity of PMN in the phagocytosis of bacteria, suggesting a relationship between oxidative stress and periodontal disease.

To prevent free radical damage, our body has antioxidant defense system which opposes ROS and terminates the chain reaction, before vital molecules are damaged.

There are two groups of antioxidants: the first one is represented by human body enzyme system, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase; while the second one collects nutrient antioxidants which are introduced by diet, such as Vitamin A, C and E, particularly important for periodontium health.

Conclusions

In order to better protect our health and prevent periodontal disease, we should carefully avoid all those factors which increase free radical production and daily eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, rich in antioxidants.

Objectives

In this work the authors have studied the use of Fertomcidina U in the treatment of angular cheilitis and hard palate candidosis.

Results and conclusions

This pharmacological approach has been really useful both as antalgic action in the immediate treatment and anti-inflammatory in the long term results.

Objectives

The aim of this work was to compare the use of two different powders, one composed of sodium bicarbonate and the other made of glycine, applied with “Prophy-Jet” in orthodontic patients suffering from gum disease.

Materials

Fifteen patients aged 13–18 nearly to orthodontic were selected on the bases of a plaque index VPI ⩾ 35% (O’Leary et al.) and gingival bleeding index GBI (Ainamo and Bay) ⩾30%. Some patients were selected and subjected to:

• •

  periodontal treatment of all four squares;

• •

  treatment of the first square with “Prophy-Jet” and sodium bicarbonate;

• •

  treatment of the second square with “Prophy-Jet” and glycine.

Results

The comparison between starting and last values showed a reduction, in the shortest time, of VPI and GBI in second square with Prophy-Jet” and glycine.

Conclusions

Clinical results demonstrated that Prophy-Jet associated to traditional periodontal therapy reduce significantly periodontal index. The application of glicine powder has also displayed multiple uses in the healing process.