Pub Date : 2011-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pad.2010.06.002
M.S. Rini , M. Gatti
Objective
To provide a vademecum on disinfection and sterilization procedures used in dentistry practices that can be readily consulted by dentists, dental hygienists, and dental assistants.
Materials and methods
This review examines the most recent scientific data on disinfection and sterilization practices used in dentistry, with emphasis on instruments, equipment, and the environment.
Results and conclusions
Dental procedures involve potential risks of infection for patients as well as operators. Establishing the link between a given procedure and the onset of an infectious episode can be difficult, and reliable estimates of the number of infections contracted during dental procedures are impossible based on current epidemiologic data. Nonetheless, the review shows that ensuring the safety of patients and personnel requires a sound knowledge of the basic principles of hygiene, techniques used in sterilization and disinfection processes, and procedures used to verify the results of the latter.
{"title":"Elementi base di disinfezione e sterilizzazione in odontoiatria","authors":"M.S. Rini , M. Gatti","doi":"10.1016/j.pad.2010.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pad.2010.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To provide a vademecum on disinfection and sterilization procedures used in dentistry practices that can be readily consulted by dentists, dental hygienists, and dental assistants.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>This review examines the most recent scientific data on disinfection and sterilization practices used in dentistry, with emphasis on instruments, equipment, and the environment.</p></div><div><h3>Results and conclusions</h3><p>Dental procedures involve potential risks of infection for patients as well as operators. Establishing the link between a given procedure and the onset of an infectious episode can be difficult, and reliable estimates of the number of infections contracted during dental procedures are impossible based on current epidemiologic data. Nonetheless, the review shows that ensuring the safety of patients and personnel requires a sound knowledge of the basic principles of hygiene, techniques used in sterilization and disinfection processes, and procedures used to verify the results of the latter.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77593,"journal":{"name":"Prevenzione & assistenza dentale","volume":"37 1","pages":"Pages 4-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.pad.2010.06.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55098088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pad.2010.09.002
S. Moretti, J. Doldi, O. Marchisio, M.C. Vitale
Objectives
To evaluate the use of non-cariogenic carbohydrate sweeteners in the pediatric population of the city of Pavia (Italy) and the surrounding area.
Materials and methods
An observational study was carried out in the population aged 6-12 years. Interviews were conducted to identify the eating habits of children.
Results and conclusions
The authors believe that the interpretation of these results can and should be a stimulus for all dental hygienists operating in the territory to increase their efforts to educate children and their parents on the seriously detrimental effects of repeated consumption of sucrose instead of non-cariogenic sweeteners.
{"title":"Ruolo dell’igienista dentale nell’educazione alimentare e nel consumo di zuccheri alternativi per la prevenzione della carie","authors":"S. Moretti, J. Doldi, O. Marchisio, M.C. Vitale","doi":"10.1016/j.pad.2010.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pad.2010.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To evaluate the use of non-cariogenic carbohydrate sweeteners in the pediatric population of the city of Pavia (Italy) and the surrounding area.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>An observational study was carried out in the population aged 6-12 years. Interviews were conducted to identify the eating habits of children.</p></div><div><h3>Results and conclusions</h3><p>The authors believe that the interpretation of these results can and should be a stimulus for all dental hygienists operating in the territory to increase their efforts to educate children and their parents on the seriously detrimental effects of repeated consumption of sucrose instead of non-cariogenic sweeteners.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77593,"journal":{"name":"Prevenzione & assistenza dentale","volume":"37 1","pages":"Pages 13-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.pad.2010.09.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55098217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pad.2010.09.001
F. Manta , G. Cavicchioli , R. Vecchiatini , G. Calura
Objectives
To review the procedures for the correct management of dental trauma in pediatric patients.
Materials and methods
The authors conducted a search in the PubMed Database for literature on the management of dental trauma and evaluation of the knowledge of this issue among healthcare providers and others. Questionnaires were also sent to 20 mothers in the Ferrara area (Italy) with children between 0 and 15 years of age. Based on the results obtained, authors produced a leaflet outlining the steps involved in the management of dental trauma.
Results
The results showed that knowledge of this issue was low among the parents interviewed.
Conclusions
A simple, easy-to-understand leaflet can be a valuable, low-cost tool for conveying important basic information to prevent and manage dental trauma in children.
{"title":"Prevenzione delle complicanze nella traumatologia dentale del paziente in crescita","authors":"F. Manta , G. Cavicchioli , R. Vecchiatini , G. Calura","doi":"10.1016/j.pad.2010.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pad.2010.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To review the procedures for the correct management of dental trauma in pediatric patients.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>The authors conducted a search in the PubMed Database for literature on the management of dental trauma and evaluation of the knowledge of this issue among healthcare providers and others. Questionnaires were also sent to 20 mothers in the Ferrara area (Italy) with children between 0 and 15 years of age. Based on the results obtained, authors produced a leaflet outlining the steps involved in the management of dental trauma.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The results showed that knowledge of this issue was low among the parents interviewed.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>A simple, easy-to-understand leaflet can be a valuable, low-cost tool for conveying important basic information to prevent and manage dental trauma in children.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77593,"journal":{"name":"Prevenzione & assistenza dentale","volume":"37 1","pages":"Pages 20-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.pad.2010.09.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55098183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pad.2010.01.002
E. Bazzini , F. Ventrini , P. Armienti , S. Porcari , G. Garattini
Objectives
The aim of this study is to show the most frequent risk factors for malocclusions and how to prevent them.
Material and methods
The international literature regarding oral functions, parafunctions, and bad habits promoting malocclusions was analysed.
Results
All parafunctions and oral habits, if not treated early, can lead to alterations of the orofacial growth.
Conclusions
Early detection and treatment of oral habits and parafunctions is recommendable to avoid either the onset of a new malocclusion or the worsening of a preexisting one. Therefore, it is necessary that clinicians who periodically control children (e.g., pediatrician, dental hygienist, general dentist) can identify bad habits and refer their patients to the orthodontist.
{"title":"Prevenzione delle malocclusioni: indicazioni di base","authors":"E. Bazzini , F. Ventrini , P. Armienti , S. Porcari , G. Garattini","doi":"10.1016/j.pad.2010.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pad.2010.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The aim of this study is to show the most frequent risk factors for malocclusions and how to prevent them.</p></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><p>The international literature regarding oral functions, parafunctions, and bad habits promoting malocclusions was analysed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>All parafunctions and oral habits, if not treated early, can lead to alterations of the orofacial growth.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Early detection and treatment of oral habits and parafunctions is recommendable to avoid either the onset of a new malocclusion or the worsening of a preexisting one. Therefore, it is necessary that clinicians who periodically control children (e.g., pediatrician, dental hygienist, general dentist) can identify bad habits and refer their patients to the orthodontist.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77593,"journal":{"name":"Prevenzione & assistenza dentale","volume":"36 4","pages":"Pages 136-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.pad.2010.01.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55097569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pad.2010.06.004
A. D’Alessandro, A. Barone, E. Ortu, W. Zenobi, M. Giannoni
Objectives
To evaluate the oral health of children enrolled in the first grade of a primary school in L’Aquila (Italy) during the years 2008-2009 and 2009-2010 and to provide them with free-of-charge dental care.
Materials and methods
The study included 105 children, aged 6 ± 1 years (64 males and 41 females). Each child had a dental examination that included (as needed) the application of a plaque revealer, plaque and tartar removal, the application of fluoride, saliva testing, and sealing of fissures. Children were also educated about the importance of oral hygiene.
Results
In 2009, 74 of the 105 pupils enrolled (42 males and 32 females) received treatment, consisting in the application of a plaque revealer (n = 49), tartar and pigment removal (n = 47), application of fluoride gel (n = 42), fissure sealing (n = 36), measurement of salivary pH (n = 66), and salivary bacterial counts (n = 63). In 2010, 36 of the children were retreated. During the first year of the study, the difference between the numbers of enrolled and treated children was linked to the poor cooperation of families; during the second year, the difference was related to logistic and strategic difficulties caused by the earthquake that struck the region on April 6, 2009. The results showed a decrease in the dental plaque index from 58% (2009) to 31% (2010). In addition, the 2009 examination (total no. of children = 74) revealed two filled permanent teeth and 12 permanent teeth that were decayed; in 2010, in 36 children, there were two filled permanent teeth and 9 with caries. In 2010, sealants were reapplied in five cases.
Conclusion
The Dental Department of the University of L’Aquila plans to extend this study to other schools in the same geographic area to decrease the incidence of the most frequent oral diseases, thereby warranting children's right to good health.
{"title":"Prevenzione orale in alunni del primo anno della scuola primaria","authors":"A. D’Alessandro, A. Barone, E. Ortu, W. Zenobi, M. Giannoni","doi":"10.1016/j.pad.2010.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pad.2010.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To evaluate the oral health of children enrolled in the first grade of a primary school in L’Aquila (Italy) during the years 2008-2009 and 2009-2010 and to provide them with free-of-charge dental care.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>The study included 105 children, aged 6<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->1 years (64 males and 41 females). Each child had a dental examination that included (as needed) the application of a plaque revealer, plaque and tartar removal, the application of fluoride, saliva testing, and sealing of fissures. Children were also educated about the importance of oral hygiene.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In 2009, 74 of the 105 pupils enrolled (42 males and 32 females) received treatment, consisting in the application of a plaque revealer (n<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->49), tartar and pigment removal (n<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->47), application of fluoride gel (n<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->42), fissure sealing (n<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->36), measurement of salivary pH (n<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->66), and salivary bacterial counts (n<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->63). In 2010, 36 of the children were retreated. During the first year of the study, the difference between the numbers of enrolled and treated children was linked to the poor cooperation of families; during the second year, the difference was related to logistic and strategic difficulties caused by the earthquake that struck the region on April 6, 2009. The results showed a decrease in the dental plaque index from 58% (2009) to 31% (2010). In addition, the 2009 examination (total no. of children<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->74) revealed two filled permanent teeth and 12 permanent teeth that were decayed; in 2010, in 36 children, there were two filled permanent teeth and 9 with caries. In 2010, sealants were reapplied in five cases.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The Dental Department of the University of L’Aquila plans to extend this study to other schools in the same geographic area to decrease the incidence of the most frequent oral diseases, thereby warranting children's right to good health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77593,"journal":{"name":"Prevenzione & assistenza dentale","volume":"36 4","pages":"Pages 145-148, 151-152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.pad.2010.06.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55098146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pad.2010.06.001
R. Cecchi , A. Grillo
Objectives
The purpose of this report is to highlight the need of obtaining a valid informed consent from patients undergoing dental hygiene procedures and the responsibilities and obligations of the hygienist in such context.
Materials and methods
Building on the existing informed consent forms used for dental procedures, the authors have developed treatment-specific forms geared to the needs of the dental hygienist. They include 4 sections: 1) patient data; 2) clinical history; 3) information on the treatment being proposed by the doctor/dentist, techniques and/or materials that will be used in the treatment, contraindications to such treatment, the results that can be obtained, and instructions for post-procedure care to avoid complications; 4) a statement to be signed by the patient and dental hygienist in which the former affirms that he/she received the information listed above and that he/she accepts or refuses to undergo the proposed treatment.
Results
The proposed form can be very useful to dental hygienists attempting to implement current regulations regarding patient information and consent to treatment.
Conclusions
The signed form must be saved since it constitutes evidence that may prove relevant in any lawsuits either arising over unsuccessful treatment or other claims filed by the patient.
{"title":"Il consenso informato in igiene dentale: proposta di una modulistica","authors":"R. Cecchi , A. Grillo","doi":"10.1016/j.pad.2010.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pad.2010.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The purpose of this report is to highlight the need of obtaining a valid informed consent from patients undergoing dental hygiene procedures and the responsibilities and obligations of the hygienist in such context.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>Building on the existing informed consent forms used for dental procedures, the authors have developed treatment-specific forms geared to the needs of the dental hygienist. They include 4 sections: 1) patient data; 2) clinical history; 3) information on the treatment being proposed by the doctor/dentist, techniques and/or materials that will be used in the treatment, contraindications to such treatment, the results that can be obtained, and instructions for post-procedure care to avoid complications; 4) a statement to be signed by the patient and dental hygienist in which the former affirms that he/she received the information listed above and that he/she accepts or refuses to undergo the proposed treatment.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The proposed form can be very useful to dental hygienists attempting to implement current regulations regarding patient information and consent to treatment.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The signed form must be saved since it constitutes evidence that may prove relevant in any lawsuits either arising over unsuccessful treatment or other claims filed by the patient.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77593,"journal":{"name":"Prevenzione & assistenza dentale","volume":"36 4","pages":"Pages 155-166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.pad.2010.06.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55098068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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