Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5352/JLS.2021.31.8.771
Eun-Ji Ko, H. Cha
{"title":"Mechanism of Human Endogenous Retrovirus (HERV) in Inflammatory Response","authors":"Eun-Ji Ko, H. Cha","doi":"10.5352/JLS.2021.31.8.771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2021.31.8.771","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"40 1","pages":"771-777"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80540829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5352/JLS.2021.31.6.581
Deok-Gyeong Kang, Young-Min Kim, H. Sohn
{"title":"Evaluation of Anti-thrombosis Activities of Different Parts of Cannabis sativa L.","authors":"Deok-Gyeong Kang, Young-Min Kim, H. Sohn","doi":"10.5352/JLS.2021.31.6.581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2021.31.6.581","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"273 1","pages":"581-586"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76889173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5352/JLS.2021.31.5.502
Hyung-Joo Choi, Kyeong Soo Kim
{"title":"Development of Solid Self-nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery Systems of Ticagrelor Using Porous Carriers","authors":"Hyung-Joo Choi, Kyeong Soo Kim","doi":"10.5352/JLS.2021.31.5.502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2021.31.5.502","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":"502-510"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80976886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5352/JLS.2021.31.5.527
S. Woo, T. Kwon
Lysosomes are organelles surrounded by membranes that contain acid hydrolases; they degrade proteins, macromolecules, and lipids. According to nutrient conditions, lysosomes act as signaling hubs that regulate intracellular signaling pathways and are involved in the homeostasis of cells. Therefore, the lysosomal dysfunction occurs in various diseases, such as lysosomal storage disease, neuro-degenerative diseases, and cancers. Multiple forms of stress can increase lysosomal membrane per-meabilization (LMP), resulting in the induction of lysosome-mediated cell death through the release of lysosomal enzymes, including cathepsin, into the cytosol. Here we review the molecular mechanisms of LMP-mediated cell death and the enhancement of sensitivity to anticancer drugs. Induction of partial LMP increases apoptosis by releasing some cathepsins, whereas massive LMP and rupture induce non-apoptotic cell death through release of many cathepsins and generation of ROS and iron. Cancer cells have many drug-accumulating lysosomes that are more resistant to lysosome-sequestered drugs, suggesting a model of drug-induced lysosome-mediated chemoresistance. Lysosomal sequestration of hydrophobic weak base anticancer drugs can have a significant impact on their subcellular distribution. Lysosome membrane damage by LMP can overcome resistance to anticancer drugs by freeing captured hydrophobic weak base drugs from lysosomes. Therefore, LMP inducers or lysoso-motropic agents can regulate lysosomal integrity and are novel strategies for cancer therapy.
{"title":"The Functional Role of Lysosomes as Drug Resistance in Cancer","authors":"S. Woo, T. Kwon","doi":"10.5352/JLS.2021.31.5.527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2021.31.5.527","url":null,"abstract":"Lysosomes are organelles surrounded by membranes that contain acid hydrolases; they degrade proteins, macromolecules, and lipids. According to nutrient conditions, lysosomes act as signaling hubs that regulate intracellular signaling pathways and are involved in the homeostasis of cells. Therefore, the lysosomal dysfunction occurs in various diseases, such as lysosomal storage disease, neuro-degenerative diseases, and cancers. Multiple forms of stress can increase lysosomal membrane per-meabilization (LMP), resulting in the induction of lysosome-mediated cell death through the release of lysosomal enzymes, including cathepsin, into the cytosol. Here we review the molecular mechanisms of LMP-mediated cell death and the enhancement of sensitivity to anticancer drugs. Induction of partial LMP increases apoptosis by releasing some cathepsins, whereas massive LMP and rupture induce non-apoptotic cell death through release of many cathepsins and generation of ROS and iron. Cancer cells have many drug-accumulating lysosomes that are more resistant to lysosome-sequestered drugs, suggesting a model of drug-induced lysosome-mediated chemoresistance. Lysosomal sequestration of hydrophobic weak base anticancer drugs can have a significant impact on their subcellular distribution. Lysosome membrane damage by LMP can overcome resistance to anticancer drugs by freeing captured hydrophobic weak base drugs from lysosomes. Therefore, LMP inducers or lysoso-motropic agents can regulate lysosomal integrity and are novel strategies for cancer therapy.","PeriodicalId":7759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"194 1","pages":"527-535"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78117150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5352/JLS.2021.31.6.537
H. Han, J. Jung
{"title":"Development of a Female-associated SCAR Marker in Schisandra nigra Max.","authors":"H. Han, J. Jung","doi":"10.5352/JLS.2021.31.6.537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2021.31.6.537","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"44 1","pages":"537-542"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86491735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-10DOI: 10.36348/SJLS.2020.V05I12.004
M. B. K. Tareen, Sheeraz Ahmad Khan, M. B. Rana, S. Haq, Muhammad Saqib Javed, Alyan Ashraf, A. Hussain
Human nutrition is the process by which substances in food are transformed into body tissues and provide energy for the full range of physical and mental activities that make up human life. Antioxidants that usually taken through diet and have an important role in inhibition of stress due to oxidation that reason for beginning and development of numerous diseases such as cancer, and much other disease such as diabetes and also inflammation. There are certain gaps in literature about the different activities in compounds that exhibit functions in vegetables and fruits. Different free radical leads to oxidative stress to the particular cell and ultimately causes the cancer. The natural phenolic compounds have received increasing interest in the last years, since a great amount of them can be found in plants and consumption of vegetables and beverages with a high level of such compounds may reduce the risk of development of several diseases due to their antioxidant power, among other factors. Kaempferol as one of the flavonoids that main function involved in binding with cells of the cancer and ultimately kills the cancer cells. Anthocyanin mainly the type of the major compound in the outer portion of the skin of the onions The colour of the red showing the activities against the free radicals depending on the type as well as the nature of the chemical compound. Quercetin as the valuable type of the flavonoids that have been used in the purpose of the preventing diseases associated with the bacteria as well as the viruses. Different free radical leads to oxidative stress to the particular cell and ultimately causes the cancer.
{"title":"Role of Potential Compounds in Foods with Particular Emphasizes on Human Health","authors":"M. B. K. Tareen, Sheeraz Ahmad Khan, M. B. Rana, S. Haq, Muhammad Saqib Javed, Alyan Ashraf, A. Hussain","doi":"10.36348/SJLS.2020.V05I12.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/SJLS.2020.V05I12.004","url":null,"abstract":"Human nutrition is the process by which substances in food are transformed into body tissues and provide energy for the full range of physical and mental activities that make up human life. Antioxidants that usually taken through diet and have an important role in inhibition of stress due to oxidation that reason for beginning and development of numerous diseases such as cancer, and much other disease such as diabetes and also inflammation. There are certain gaps in literature about the different activities in compounds that exhibit functions in vegetables and fruits. Different free radical leads to oxidative stress to the particular cell and ultimately causes the cancer. The natural phenolic compounds have received increasing interest in the last years, since a great amount of them can be found in plants and consumption of vegetables and beverages with a high level of such compounds may reduce the risk of development of several diseases due to their antioxidant power, among other factors. Kaempferol as one of the flavonoids that main function involved in binding with cells of the cancer and ultimately kills the cancer cells. Anthocyanin mainly the type of the major compound in the outer portion of the skin of the onions The colour of the red showing the activities against the free radicals depending on the type as well as the nature of the chemical compound. Quercetin as the valuable type of the flavonoids that have been used in the purpose of the preventing diseases associated with the bacteria as well as the viruses. Different free radical leads to oxidative stress to the particular cell and ultimately causes the cancer.","PeriodicalId":7759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"77 1","pages":"285-290"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84958402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-07DOI: 10.36348/SJLS.2020.V05I12.003
B. Fitriatin, D. Manurung, E. Sofyan, M. Setiawati
The phosphate solubilizing bacteria are soil microbe can dissolve P which is not available to become available to plants. They have capable to produce extracelluler enzyme, i.e. group of phosphatase enzyme which able to mineralized of organic P to inorganic P. The objective of this experiment was to examine compatibility test, phosphatase enzyme activity and phosphate solubility by phosphate solubilizing bacteria. The compatibility test was conducted qualitatively with the streak method. The design for bioassay of phosphate solubilizing phosphate for phosphatase activity test and P solubility was a randomized block design with five treatments and five replications. The phosphate solubilizing bacteria used were Burkolderia sp., Pseudomonas mallei, Bacillus substilis, and Bacillus megatherium. The results of the compatibility test on the phosphate solubilizing bacterial isolates showed that each isolate was compatible. Furthermore, the result of experiment revealed that phosphate solubilizing bacteria could produce phosphatase enzyme ranges between 4,53-4,82 μg pNP/g/h and P dissolved about 3909,55-6052,19 ppm. These phosphate solubilizing bacteria can be used as biofertilizers to increase soil P solubility.
{"title":"Compatibility, Phosphate Solubility and Phosphatase Activity by Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria","authors":"B. Fitriatin, D. Manurung, E. Sofyan, M. Setiawati","doi":"10.36348/SJLS.2020.V05I12.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/SJLS.2020.V05I12.003","url":null,"abstract":"The phosphate solubilizing bacteria are soil microbe can dissolve P which is not available to become available to plants. They have capable to produce extracelluler enzyme, i.e. group of phosphatase enzyme which able to mineralized of organic P to inorganic P. The objective of this experiment was to examine compatibility test, phosphatase enzyme activity and phosphate solubility by phosphate solubilizing bacteria. The compatibility test was conducted qualitatively with the streak method. The design for bioassay of phosphate solubilizing phosphate for phosphatase activity test and P solubility was a randomized block design with five treatments and five replications. The phosphate solubilizing bacteria used were Burkolderia sp., Pseudomonas mallei, Bacillus substilis, and Bacillus megatherium. The results of the compatibility test on the phosphate solubilizing bacterial isolates showed that each isolate was compatible. Furthermore, the result of experiment revealed that phosphate solubilizing bacteria could produce phosphatase enzyme ranges between 4,53-4,82 μg pNP/g/h and P dissolved about 3909,55-6052,19 ppm. These phosphate solubilizing bacteria can be used as biofertilizers to increase soil P solubility.","PeriodicalId":7759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"116 1","pages":"281-284"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77590314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-05DOI: 10.36348/SJLS.2020.V05I12.001
N. Shanthi, S. Murugesan, S. J. Nithia, M. Kotteswari, S. Shyamala Gowri
UV-B is a growing concern due to the rise in UV-B levels on the surface of the earth as a result of the loss of stratospheric ozone. Increased levels of UV-B radiation can in fact negatively alter plant physiological processes, growth and productivity. However, when researching the effects of UV-B on medicinal plants like Phyllanthus amarus and in the tropical area under field conditions, there are some curious phenomena have been discovered. Enhanced UV-B radiation has greatly improved the growth of P. amarus. The outcome of the photosynthetic pigment showed increased UV-B enhanced synthesis of Chlorophyll or the accumulation of Chlorophyll pigments in the treated plants compared to non UV-B treated plants. The concentration of UV-B absorbing pigments also increased due to enhanced UV-B radiation in P. amarus. The synthesis of secondary metabolites such as flavonoid and phenol content was increased under UV-B treatment as compared to control. The UV-B radiation enhances the grade of the medicinal plant by improving the medicinally active compounds. This enhanced impact of UV-B could be important to observe when studying the phytotherapeutic function of P. amarus in health aspects of human life.
{"title":"UV-B Induced Changes to the Physiological and Phytochemical Parameters of Phyllanthus amarus Schum","authors":"N. Shanthi, S. Murugesan, S. J. Nithia, M. Kotteswari, S. Shyamala Gowri","doi":"10.36348/SJLS.2020.V05I12.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/SJLS.2020.V05I12.001","url":null,"abstract":"UV-B is a growing concern due to the rise in UV-B levels on the surface of the earth as a result of the loss of stratospheric ozone. Increased levels of UV-B radiation can in fact negatively alter plant physiological processes, growth and productivity. However, when researching the effects of UV-B on medicinal plants like Phyllanthus amarus and in the tropical area under field conditions, there are some curious phenomena have been discovered. Enhanced UV-B radiation has greatly improved the growth of P. amarus. The outcome of the photosynthetic pigment showed increased UV-B enhanced synthesis of Chlorophyll or the accumulation of Chlorophyll pigments in the treated plants compared to non UV-B treated plants. The concentration of UV-B absorbing pigments also increased due to enhanced UV-B radiation in P. amarus. The synthesis of secondary metabolites such as flavonoid and phenol content was increased under UV-B treatment as compared to control. The UV-B radiation enhances the grade of the medicinal plant by improving the medicinally active compounds. This enhanced impact of UV-B could be important to observe when studying the phytotherapeutic function of P. amarus in health aspects of human life.","PeriodicalId":7759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"53 1","pages":"265-273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82008837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-05DOI: 10.36348/SJLS.2020.V05I12.002
Faisal Tasleem, R. Amjad, Syeda Dua Zainab Sherazi, A. Saddique, Ayesha Saba, S. Zainab, S. Masood
Nile tilapia belongs to the family Cyprinidae. All fishes are at risk of pathogenic and other microbes, because fishes are contain by environment which is rich in microorganisms. Fish exist in environment of water which is useful because mucus is produce from the body of fish and protect against the large number of microbes which are present in the water. Usually the body of fish is protected by the layer of mucus and the mucus contain many kinds of biological constituent in the outer layer, these are the mucus cells, the club cells and the epithelial cells. The fish immune system is very important. The fish mucus having several unwilling defiance parameter which are immunoglobulin‟s, pathogen peptide and harmonize factors that provide both physical and machinal protection. Important part of the fish mucous defense system is immunological defense that is present in mucus of fish‟s skin, helping as a physiological and structural barrier against outside risks. Genetic makeup and evolutionary lineage determine the innate immune system of pathogens that are modified through time, pathogenic association and environmental factors.
{"title":"Physiology and Biochemical Properties of Fish Mucus Particular Emphasizes as a Body Defense System","authors":"Faisal Tasleem, R. Amjad, Syeda Dua Zainab Sherazi, A. Saddique, Ayesha Saba, S. Zainab, S. Masood","doi":"10.36348/SJLS.2020.V05I12.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/SJLS.2020.V05I12.002","url":null,"abstract":"Nile tilapia belongs to the family Cyprinidae. All fishes are at risk of pathogenic and other microbes, because fishes are contain by environment which is rich in microorganisms. Fish exist in environment of water which is useful because mucus is produce from the body of fish and protect against the large number of microbes which are present in the water. Usually the body of fish is protected by the layer of mucus and the mucus contain many kinds of biological constituent in the outer layer, these are the mucus cells, the club cells and the epithelial cells. The fish immune system is very important. The fish mucus having several unwilling defiance parameter which are immunoglobulin‟s, pathogen peptide and harmonize factors that provide both physical and machinal protection. Important part of the fish mucous defense system is immunological defense that is present in mucus of fish‟s skin, helping as a physiological and structural barrier against outside risks. Genetic makeup and evolutionary lineage determine the innate immune system of pathogens that are modified through time, pathogenic association and environmental factors.","PeriodicalId":7759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"274-280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79646553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：