Pub Date : 2025-07-22DOI: 10.1007/s44211-025-00826-5
Ke Lv, Weitao Wang, Li Zhang, Xi Zhou, Hongyan Yu, Xiaole Han, Li Wang, Guoming Xie, Gang Yang
Fibrinogen is a vital biomarker for coagulation disorders, with reduced levels increasing bleeding risk and mortality, requiring rapid detection for early diagnosis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is commonly employed in clinical environments; however, its prolonged processing duration and insufficient sensitivity hinder its utility for swift diagnostics. We addressed these limitations by creating a dual-antibody sandwich immunoassay that employs upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) and magnetic beads (MBs) for the precise and sensitive detection of fibrinogen. The enhanced analytical performance of the method is attributed to the use of UCNPs and MBs. UCNPs enhance the signal-to-noise ratio by emitting visible light under near-infrared excitation, which reduces background interference from autofluorescence and light scattering in biological samples. Meanwhile, MBs facilitate specific enrichment of fibrinogen by selectively capturing the target analyte, enabling efficient isolation from complex sample matrices. This synergy improves sensitivity and specificity, achieving a 2 ng/mL detection limit with a 15-fold sensitivity increase, simpler operation, and shorter detection time compared to conventional ELISA kits. This platform offers a robust solution for fibrinogen detection, with potential for broad application in clinical diagnostics.
{"title":"A dual-antibody sandwich immunoassay using upconversion nanoparticles and magnetic beads for fibrinogen detection","authors":"Ke Lv, Weitao Wang, Li Zhang, Xi Zhou, Hongyan Yu, Xiaole Han, Li Wang, Guoming Xie, Gang Yang","doi":"10.1007/s44211-025-00826-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44211-025-00826-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fibrinogen is a vital biomarker for coagulation disorders, with reduced levels increasing bleeding risk and mortality, requiring rapid detection for early diagnosis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is commonly employed in clinical environments; however, its prolonged processing duration and insufficient sensitivity hinder its utility for swift diagnostics. We addressed these limitations by creating a dual-antibody sandwich immunoassay that employs upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) and magnetic beads (MBs) for the precise and sensitive detection of fibrinogen. The enhanced analytical performance of the method is attributed to the use of UCNPs and MBs. UCNPs enhance the signal-to-noise ratio by emitting visible light under near-infrared excitation, which reduces background interference from autofluorescence and light scattering in biological samples. Meanwhile, MBs facilitate specific enrichment of fibrinogen by selectively capturing the target analyte, enabling efficient isolation from complex sample matrices. This synergy improves sensitivity and specificity, achieving a 2 ng/mL detection limit with a 15-fold sensitivity increase, simpler operation, and shorter detection time compared to conventional ELISA kits. This platform offers a robust solution for fibrinogen detection, with potential for broad application in clinical diagnostics.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7802,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Sciences","volume":"41 10","pages":"1647 - 1657"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144681898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Endothelial metabolism is closely linked to vascular function and is often altered in response to pathological stimuli. Although vascular microphysiological systems (MPS) offer a promising in vitro platform for modeling vascular environments, the integration of real-time metabolic monitoring remains technically challenging. Enzyme-based electrochemical sensors are well-suited for detecting metabolites, such as glucose and lactate; however, their direct incorporation into culture systems is limited by the inactivation of enzymes under culture conditions. In this study, we investigated a vascular MPS with a sensor-compatible design to support future integration of printed enzyme-based biosensors. The device features a stacked open-bottom architecture that enables the integration of biosensors beneath the endothelial layer after monolayer formation, thus minimizing sensor exposure during culture. We validated the formation of an endothelial monolayer on a porous polyurethane membrane with a mortar-like structure and confirmed its compatibility with a model sensor substrate. As a preliminary step toward sensor-based metabolic analysis, we quantified glucose consumption and lactate production during endothelial monolayer formation and upon exposure to Minoxidil and Hydralazine, drugs known to induce vascular injury. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of sensor-compatible vascular MPS and provide foundational data to support the future development of integrated platforms for real-time metabolic monitoring in drug toxicity studies.
{"title":"Development of a sensor-compatible vascular microphysiological system for metabolic monitoring during drug-induced endothelial injury","authors":"Yuning Fu, Ryota Okitsu, Yuji Nashimoto, Yasuhiko Shinoda, Yoshinobu Utagawa, Masateru Yamazaki, Koki Nakaya, Kosuke Ino, Hirokazu Kaji","doi":"10.1007/s44211-025-00825-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44211-025-00825-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Endothelial metabolism is closely linked to vascular function and is often altered in response to pathological stimuli. Although vascular microphysiological systems (MPS) offer a promising in vitro platform for modeling vascular environments, the integration of real-time metabolic monitoring remains technically challenging. Enzyme-based electrochemical sensors are well-suited for detecting metabolites, such as glucose and lactate; however, their direct incorporation into culture systems is limited by the inactivation of enzymes under culture conditions. In this study, we investigated a vascular MPS with a sensor-compatible design to support future integration of printed enzyme-based biosensors. The device features a stacked open-bottom architecture that enables the integration of biosensors beneath the endothelial layer after monolayer formation, thus minimizing sensor exposure during culture. We validated the formation of an endothelial monolayer on a porous polyurethane membrane with a mortar-like structure and confirmed its compatibility with a model sensor substrate. As a preliminary step toward sensor-based metabolic analysis, we quantified glucose consumption and lactate production during endothelial monolayer formation and upon exposure to Minoxidil and Hydralazine, drugs known to induce vascular injury. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of sensor-compatible vascular MPS and provide foundational data to support the future development of integrated platforms for real-time metabolic monitoring in drug toxicity studies.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7802,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Sciences","volume":"41 10","pages":"1617 - 1625"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144658168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-17DOI: 10.1007/s44211-025-00816-7
Zhen Liu, Xing Liu, Qian Wu, Xilin Xiao
This study employs a guanine (G)-rich DNA sequence as the recognition element and integrates exonuclease III (Exo III) with a mismatch catalytic hairpin assembly (MCHA)-based cascade isothermal signal amplification strategy to construct a novel fluorescent DNA biosensor for the highly sensitive detection of kanamycin (Kana). In the presence of the target, the recognition element HP1 is unfolded by the target and forms a double-stranded HP1-HP2 structure with HP2. This structure is subsequently cleaved by Exo III, releasing the trigger strand of MCHA. The trigger strand binds to H1, which contains dual fluorescent groups, resulting in the separation of carboxyfluorescein (FAM) and tetramethylrhodamine (TAMRA). This separation attenuates fluorescence resonance energy transfer and restores FAM fluorescence, generating a strong fluorescence signal at 520 nm. The fluorescence sensor demonstrates a linear detection range from 2 to 12 nM, with a detection limit of 0.16 nM. In real milk samples, the spiked recovery rate ranges from 97.4 to 106.3%, with relative standard deviations between 2.2 and 3.8%. The cascade isothermal signal amplification strategy significantly enhances the sensor's sensitivity, while MCHA reduces false positive rates. This aptamer-based sensor exhibits excellent specificity, minimal susceptibility to interference, and suitability for detecting Kana in milk.
{"title":"A cascade signal amplification strategy for the ultrasensitive fluorescence detection of kanamycin base on exonuclease III and mismatched catalytic hairpin assembly","authors":"Zhen Liu, Xing Liu, Qian Wu, Xilin Xiao","doi":"10.1007/s44211-025-00816-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44211-025-00816-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study employs a guanine (G)-rich DNA sequence as the recognition element and integrates exonuclease III (Exo III) with a mismatch catalytic hairpin assembly (MCHA)-based cascade isothermal signal amplification strategy to construct a novel fluorescent DNA biosensor for the highly sensitive detection of kanamycin (Kana). In the presence of the target, the recognition element HP1 is unfolded by the target and forms a double-stranded HP1-HP2 structure with HP2. This structure is subsequently cleaved by Exo III, releasing the trigger strand of MCHA. The trigger strand binds to H1, which contains dual fluorescent groups, resulting in the separation of carboxyfluorescein (FAM) and tetramethylrhodamine (TAMRA). This separation attenuates fluorescence resonance energy transfer and restores FAM fluorescence, generating a strong fluorescence signal at 520 nm. The fluorescence sensor demonstrates a linear detection range from 2 to 12 nM, with a detection limit of 0.16 nM. In real milk samples, the spiked recovery rate ranges from 97.4 to 106.3%, with relative standard deviations between 2.2 and 3.8%. The cascade isothermal signal amplification strategy significantly enhances the sensor's sensitivity, while MCHA reduces false positive rates. This aptamer-based sensor exhibits excellent specificity, minimal susceptibility to interference, and suitability for detecting Kana in milk.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7802,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Sciences","volume":"41 9","pages":"1523 - 1530"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144658166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important biomarkers for an early diagnosis of lung cancer. Herein, we proposed an ultrasensitive fluorescent sensing platform for EVs detection, which involves aptamer and streptavidin-modified magnetic nanoparticles (SA-MB) magnetic separation technology as well as T7 RNA polymerase-assisted CRISPR/Cas13a system, which can achieve target recycling signal amplification. In this detection method, biotin-modified CD63 aptamer hybridizes first with the aptamer Blocker (T7 promoter) and then binds to SA-MB. When adding EVs, the CD63 aptamer in CD63 aptamer/Blocker/SA-MB complex captures EVs causing the release of Blocker single chain. Subsequently, large amounts of ssRNAs, which are generated with the assistance of Blocker-initiated T7 RNA polymerase, were recognized by CRISPR/Cas13a and trigger its trans-cleavage report probe (F-Q). Eventually, the report probe labeled with fluorescent dye (FAM) and quench group (BHQ) at both ends was cut to produce fluorescent signal. The designed sensor combined this with a signal amplification strategy based on T7 RNA polymerase and CRISPR/Cas13a to significantly enhance the sensitivity and specificity of EVs detection. The use of magnetic separation technology eliminates interference from complex matrices and improves EVs detection efficiency, while the introduction of T7 RNA polymerase and CRISPR/Cas13a enables multiple amplifications of the sensor signals, and enhancing the accuracy and sensitivity of the method. Ultimately, the combination of multiple amplification reactions resulted in a detection limit (LOD) for EVs as low as 60 particles/mL (approximately 1 zmol/L). In addition, this detection method can specifically distinguish EVs from other confounding substances and efficiently detect plasma EVs from lung cancer and healthy individuals in actual samples. Indicating this sensing platform is a valuable tool for early lung cancer detection.
{"title":"An ultrasensitive sensing strategy based on CRISPR/Cas13a and T7 RNA polymerase amplification for detection of extracellular vesicles","authors":"Fengying Ran, Huimin Huang, Bing Shang, Weidong Peng, Lun Wu, Kang Ling, Xiaoyu Xie","doi":"10.1007/s44211-025-00828-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44211-025-00828-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important biomarkers for an early diagnosis of lung cancer. Herein, we proposed an ultrasensitive fluorescent sensing platform for EVs detection, which involves aptamer and streptavidin-modified magnetic nanoparticles (SA-MB) magnetic separation technology as well as T7 RNA polymerase-assisted CRISPR/Cas13a system, which can achieve target recycling signal amplification. In this detection method, biotin-modified CD63 aptamer hybridizes first with the aptamer Blocker (T7 promoter) and then binds to SA-MB. When adding EVs, the CD63 aptamer in CD63 aptamer/Blocker/SA-MB complex captures EVs causing the release of Blocker single chain. Subsequently, large amounts of ssRNAs, which are generated with the assistance of Blocker-initiated T7 RNA polymerase, were recognized by CRISPR/Cas13a and trigger its trans-cleavage report probe (F-Q). Eventually, the report probe labeled with fluorescent dye (FAM) and quench group (BHQ) at both ends was cut to produce fluorescent signal. The designed sensor combined this with a signal amplification strategy based on T7 RNA polymerase and CRISPR/Cas13a to significantly enhance the sensitivity and specificity of EVs detection. The use of magnetic separation technology eliminates interference from complex matrices and improves EVs detection efficiency, while the introduction of T7 RNA polymerase and CRISPR/Cas13a enables multiple amplifications of the sensor signals, and enhancing the accuracy and sensitivity of the method. Ultimately, the combination of multiple amplification reactions resulted in a detection limit (LOD) for EVs as low as 60 particles/mL (approximately 1 zmol/L). In addition, this detection method can specifically distinguish EVs from other confounding substances and efficiently detect plasma EVs from lung cancer and healthy individuals in actual samples. Indicating this sensing platform is a valuable tool for early lung cancer detection.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7802,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Sciences","volume":"41 10","pages":"1627 - 1636"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44211-025-00828-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144658167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-16DOI: 10.1007/s44211-025-00819-4
Daisuke Kozaki
Japanese sake breweries, most of which generally operate as small- and medium-sized companies, use the central carbon metabolism (comprising glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and ethanol fermentation) for producing sake. However, it is difficult for such companies to use expensive advanced instrumentation. Metabolite analysis using LC–MS or GC–MS could be more useful for such breweries. Our research group has developed various mix-mode chromatography (MMC) methods for analyzing the major metabolites produced during the multiple parallel fermentation (MPF) of sake. This mini review reports on three different MMCs and makes an attempt to understand the behaviors of major metabolites of central carbon metabolism, along with saccharification, during the MPF of sake.
{"title":"Progress and prospect: major metabolite analysis of central carbon metabolism with saccharification using mix-mode chromatography-application to multiple parallel fermentation of sake","authors":"Daisuke Kozaki","doi":"10.1007/s44211-025-00819-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44211-025-00819-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Japanese sake breweries, most of which generally operate as small- and medium-sized companies, use the central carbon metabolism (comprising glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and ethanol fermentation) for producing sake. However, it is difficult for such companies to use expensive advanced instrumentation. Metabolite analysis using LC–MS or GC–MS could be more useful for such breweries. Our research group has developed various mix-mode chromatography (MMC) methods for analyzing the major metabolites produced during the multiple parallel fermentation (MPF) of sake. This mini review reports on three different MMCs and makes an attempt to understand the behaviors of major metabolites of central carbon metabolism, along with saccharification, during the MPF of sake.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7802,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Sciences","volume":"41 8","pages":"1145 - 1155"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-16DOI: 10.1007/s44211-025-00823-8
Satohiro Itagaki, Yojiro Yamamoto, Hiroshi Shiigi
Transdermal drug delivery is a useful method to non-invasively deliver drugs from the epidermis to the affected area over the shortest distance using the permeability of the carrier. However, it is essential to design a carrier that can penetrate the hydrophobic barrier of the skin and disperse in the tissue fluid. In this study, we focused on the polymer structure of organic–inorganic hybrids and designed a carrier for a transdermal drug delivery system. The hybrid exhibited moderate lipid solubility owing to its surface structure comprising hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts and could, therefore, penetrate the outermost hydrophobic stratum corneum in approximately 1 h. Moreover, this hybrid exhibited an efficient structure that could retain various drugs within based on its porosity and a chemical structure comprising entangled polymer chains. It was successfully used to deliver hyaluronic acid to the dermis layer, making it a promising candidate for use as a carrier for bioimaging agents and drug delivery systems.
{"title":"Design of skin-permeable organic–inorganic hybrid nanoparticles","authors":"Satohiro Itagaki, Yojiro Yamamoto, Hiroshi Shiigi","doi":"10.1007/s44211-025-00823-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44211-025-00823-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Transdermal drug delivery is a useful method to non-invasively deliver drugs from the epidermis to the affected area over the shortest distance using the permeability of the carrier. However, it is essential to design a carrier that can penetrate the hydrophobic barrier of the skin and disperse in the tissue fluid. In this study, we focused on the polymer structure of organic–inorganic hybrids and designed a carrier for a transdermal drug delivery system. The hybrid exhibited moderate lipid solubility owing to its surface structure comprising hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts and could, therefore, penetrate the outermost hydrophobic stratum corneum in approximately 1 h. Moreover, this hybrid exhibited an efficient structure that could retain various drugs within based on its porosity and a chemical structure comprising entangled polymer chains. It was successfully used to deliver hyaluronic acid to the dermis layer, making it a promising candidate for use as a carrier for bioimaging agents and drug delivery systems.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7802,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Sciences","volume":"41 9","pages":"1421 - 1425"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A rapid analysis technique for determining nitrate in simulated high-level radioactive liquid waste (HLLW) was investigated using Raman spectroscopy. The concentration of nitrate can be quantified by the sharp and strong Raman peak height at 1047 cm−1 and peak area in the range of 1020–1070 cm−1 from the spectrum. The maximum Raman peak intensity and peak area of water in the range of 3000–3700 cm−1 were chosen as the internal standards. The relative intensity Initrate/Iwater showed good linearity with the concentration of nitrate at the range of 0.10–1.80 mol L−1, and the fitted curve was y = 0.686x + 0.027 with a linear coefficient of 0.999. Another calibration curve between relative peak area Anitrate/Awater and the concentration of nitrate, y = 0.0217x − 0.00036 in the range of 0.21–4.34 mol L−1 was established, and the linear correlation coefficient was 0.999. Sulfate, phosphate, Zr, Cs, Nd and other ions demonstrated negligible interference on the nitrate determination. The presented method has been successfully applied to determinate nitrate in simulated HLLW samples with good recoveries at laboratory.
{"title":"Quantification of nitrate in simulated high-level liquid waste by Raman spectroscopy","authors":"Qianci Zhang, Qian Liu, Haiqiao Zhu, Xinyue Liang, Shuping Tan, Zhiyuan Chang, Dingming Li","doi":"10.1007/s44211-025-00812-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44211-025-00812-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A rapid analysis technique for determining nitrate in simulated high-level radioactive liquid waste (HLLW) was investigated using Raman spectroscopy. The concentration of nitrate can be quantified by the sharp and strong Raman peak height at 1047 cm<sup>−1</sup> and peak area in the range of 1020–1070 cm<sup>−1</sup> from the spectrum. The maximum Raman peak intensity and peak area of water in the range of 3000–3700 cm<sup>−1</sup> were chosen as the internal standards. The relative intensity <i>I</i><sub>nitrate</sub>/<i>I</i><sub>water</sub> showed good linearity with the concentration of nitrate at the range of 0.10–1.80 mol L<sup>−1</sup>, and the fitted curve was <i>y</i> = 0.686<i>x</i> + 0.027 with a linear coefficient of 0.999. Another calibration curve between relative peak area <i>A</i><sub>nitrate</sub>/<i>A</i><sub>water</sub> and the concentration of nitrate, <i>y</i> = 0.0217<i>x</i> − 0.00036 in the range of 0.21–4.34 mol L<sup>−1</sup> was established, and the linear correlation coefficient was 0.999. Sulfate, phosphate, Zr, Cs, Nd and other ions demonstrated negligible interference on the nitrate determination. The presented method has been successfully applied to determinate nitrate in simulated HLLW samples with good recoveries at laboratory.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7802,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Sciences","volume":"41 9","pages":"1501 - 1510"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144582845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-07DOI: 10.1007/s44211-025-00821-w
Kanji Miyabe
A theoretical foundation was developed on the basis of a moment theory for investigating in detail the basic principles of separation and analysis functions of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and capillary electrophoresis (CE). Analytical capability of the “moment theory” is superior to that of conventional “plate theory” and “rate theory” in terms of accuracy, detail, and quantitativeness. Especially, only when the moment theory is applied, it becomes possible to analyze mass transfer rates and reaction kinetics in HPLC and CE systems. Various types of theoretical systems of moment analysis were constructed to achieve the multifaceted development of studies concerning HPLC and CE. Original research works relating to the following subjects were conducted on the basis of a theoretical foundation. At first, the moment theory was introduced as a superior basis for the analysis of separation behavior of HPLC and CE. Separation behavior of HPLC and CE was quantitatively analyzed in detail to accurately understand their characteristics and separation mechanisms. Then, it was theoretically considered to develop a novel separation medium and an innovative system for liquid-phase separation with extremely high efficiency. Finally, new strategies using HPLC and CE were developed for analyzing chemical phenomena, i.e., intermolecular interactions and interfacial solute permeation of spherical molecular aggregates. It was tried to demonstrate the excellent performance of HPLC and CE for the analysis of chemical phenomena to extend their applicability to new research areas other than “separation”. These research works could be conducted only using the moment theory. In this document, an overview of the original research works is provided, which were conducted on the basis of the moment theory.
{"title":"Development of analytical functions with high-performance liquid phase separation systems on the basis of the moment theory","authors":"Kanji Miyabe","doi":"10.1007/s44211-025-00821-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44211-025-00821-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A theoretical foundation was developed on the basis of a moment theory for investigating in detail the basic principles of separation and analysis functions of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and capillary electrophoresis (CE). Analytical capability of the “moment theory” is superior to that of conventional “plate theory” and “rate theory” in terms of accuracy, detail, and quantitativeness. Especially, only when the moment theory is applied, it becomes possible to analyze mass transfer rates and reaction kinetics in HPLC and CE systems. Various types of theoretical systems of moment analysis were constructed to achieve the multifaceted development of studies concerning HPLC and CE. Original research works relating to the following subjects were conducted on the basis of a theoretical foundation. At first, the moment theory was introduced as a superior basis for the analysis of separation behavior of HPLC and CE. Separation behavior of HPLC and CE was quantitatively analyzed in detail to accurately understand their characteristics and separation mechanisms. Then, it was theoretically considered to develop a novel separation medium and an innovative system for liquid-phase separation with extremely high efficiency. Finally, new strategies using HPLC and CE were developed for analyzing chemical phenomena, i.e., intermolecular interactions and interfacial solute permeation of spherical molecular aggregates. It was tried to demonstrate the excellent performance of HPLC and CE for the analysis of chemical phenomena to extend their applicability to new research areas other than “separation”. These research works could be conducted only using the moment theory. In this document, an overview of the original research works is provided, which were conducted on the basis of the moment theory.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7802,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Sciences","volume":"41 8","pages":"1269 - 1287"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144574680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-04DOI: 10.1007/s44211-025-00815-8
Rinko Sabanai, Yoshifumi Suzuki, Takafumi Mizushige, Nobuo Uehara, Arinori Inagawa
We investigated the morphological features of a freeze-concentrated solution (FCS) formed in frozen aqueous dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solutions for cell cryopreservation. Specifically, we investigated the effects of cooling rates and initial DMSO concentrations on FCS morphology. At a cooling rate of 1 ℃/min, relatively large FCS channels formed owing to the crystallization of the extracellular ice crystals, accommodating cells effectively. Conversely, rapid cooling rates resulted in fine ice crystals, leading to the formation of narrower FCS channels. Slow cooling promoted cell accommodation, attributed to ice crystal reorientation and larger FCS sizes, underscoring the impact of FCS width profiles on cell accumulation during freezing. The recovery of C2C12 myoblasts was also studied by altering the freezing rate. The cell recovery rate of C2C12 myoblasts demonstrated that slow cooling improved recovery, whereas rapid cooling decreased it. Medium cooling rates showed greater variability in recovery, suggesting reduced consistency in cryopreservation outcomes. While numerous factors determine cell viability during freezing processes, our findings highlight FCS morphology as a critical determinant in designing effective cryopreservation protocols.
{"title":"The impact of initial cooling rates on cell preservation in frozen water-dimethyl sulfoxide media: a morphological study","authors":"Rinko Sabanai, Yoshifumi Suzuki, Takafumi Mizushige, Nobuo Uehara, Arinori Inagawa","doi":"10.1007/s44211-025-00815-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44211-025-00815-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We investigated the morphological features of a freeze-concentrated solution (FCS) formed in frozen aqueous dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solutions for cell cryopreservation. Specifically, we investigated the effects of cooling rates and initial DMSO concentrations on FCS morphology. At a cooling rate of 1 ℃/min, relatively large FCS channels formed owing to the crystallization of the extracellular ice crystals, accommodating cells effectively. Conversely, rapid cooling rates resulted in fine ice crystals, leading to the formation of narrower FCS channels. Slow cooling promoted cell accommodation, attributed to ice crystal reorientation and larger FCS sizes, underscoring the impact of FCS width profiles on cell accumulation during freezing. The recovery of C2C12 myoblasts was also studied by altering the freezing rate. The cell recovery rate of C2C12 myoblasts demonstrated that slow cooling improved recovery, whereas rapid cooling decreased it. Medium cooling rates showed greater variability in recovery, suggesting reduced consistency in cryopreservation outcomes. While numerous factors determine cell viability during freezing processes, our findings highlight FCS morphology as a critical determinant in designing effective cryopreservation protocols.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7802,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Sciences","volume":"41 9","pages":"1555 - 1563"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44211-025-00815-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-02DOI: 10.1007/s44211-025-00820-x
Mehdi Hosseini
Thorium contamination poses serious health and environmental risks, highlighting the need reliable detection methods. This study presents a green and engineered analytical system for the selective extraction and determination of thorium ions in ores and aqueous samples. A task-specific hydrazinium-based ionic liquid, 2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)hydrazinium chloride ([Hyim][Cl]), was synthesized and characterized using 1HNMR, 13CNMR, FTIR, VSM, and CHNO analysis. The ionic liquid demonstrated strong affinity toward thorium ions and enabled efficient magnetic separation. Experimental parameters were optimized via a design of experiments (DOE) approach. Under optimal conditions, the system achieved 98.6% extraction efficiency, a detection limit of 0.11 µg/L, a quantification limit of 0.22 µg/L, a linear dynamic range of 5.0–200.0 µg/L, intra-day relative standard deviation of 2.17%, inter-day of 2.86%, preconcentration factors of 122, enrichment factor of 100 and recovery rates between 96.4 and100.5% in real water and wastewater samples.
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