Pub Date : 2022-06-01Epub Date: 2022-04-04DOI: 10.1007/s12178-022-09751-w
Aaron Gazendam, Thomas J Wood, Daniel Tushinski, Kamal Bali
Purpose of review: The goal of this review is to provide an up to date understanding of the utility and limitations of the current tests utilized in the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) in total knee and hip arthroplasty.
Recent findings: Despite the growth in literature surrounding PJI diagnosis, there remains challenges in establishing a diagnosis of PJI. A combination of clinical, serum, and synovial tests and microbiologic and histologic examinations can yield a diagnosis in the majority of cases. Novel molecular and imaging studies may be beneficial for indeterminant cases. A number of emerging diagnostic tests have been proposed and may be incorporated into diagnostic algorithms in the future. Recently proposed stepwise diagnostic algorithms have shown high sensitivity and specificity. The diagnosis of PJI remains challenging due to a lack of tests that can definitively rule out infection. Diagnosis and investigations should occur in a stepwise fashion. There has been a plethora of new diagnostic tests introduced in attempts to improve the accuracy of diagnostic algorithms. The definition and algorithms for the diagnoses of PJI will continue to evolve as new techniques and tests are introduced.
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{"title":"Single and multiple drug opiate users: addicts or nonaddicts?","authors":"W C Lucas, S E Grupp, R L Schmitt","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"87 2","pages":"185-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1972-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1616179/pdf/hsmhahr00014-0091.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16148700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Health care in the nation's capital during 30 mass assemblies.","authors":"C R Hayman, H S Meek, R L Standard, M C Hope","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"87 2","pages":"99-109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1972-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1616176/pdf/hsmhahr00014-0005.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16150709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ATTENTION has been increasingly focused on the users of multiple drugs by drug abuse researchers. Several authors have stated that, viewed in long-term trends, the single drug user is being replaced by a multiple drug user whose intake might include heroin, amphetamines, barbiturates, and psychedelics-either in combination or on successive occurrences (1-4). The question of multiple drug use becomes more complicated if the multiple drug users are, in fact, addicted to the drug or drugs they are taking. In a 1966 study in New York City, Abeles and co-workers noted that multiple drug use was increasing and that many persons were addicted to opiates and barbiturates (3). The problem of multiple drug use is exacerbated because treatment for withdrawal from one type of drug, such as heroin, may lead to the neglect of withdrawal stress from another type of drug, for example, barbiturates. As Abeles and co-workers pointed out, if one neglects the withdrawal symptoms caused by barbiturates, the patient may suffer serious convulsions which can result in death (3). Freedman also noted that many of today's addicts are multiple drug users. He contends that a decade ago the addict was generally using only
{"title":"Single and multiple drug opiate users: addicts or nonaddicts?","authors":"W. Lucas, S. Grupp, R. L. Schmitt","doi":"10.2307/4594463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4594463","url":null,"abstract":"ATTENTION has been increasingly focused on the users of multiple drugs by drug abuse researchers. Several authors have stated that, viewed in long-term trends, the single drug user is being replaced by a multiple drug user whose intake might include heroin, amphetamines, barbiturates, and psychedelics-either in combination or on successive occurrences (1-4). The question of multiple drug use becomes more complicated if the multiple drug users are, in fact, addicted to the drug or drugs they are taking. In a 1966 study in New York City, Abeles and co-workers noted that multiple drug use was increasing and that many persons were addicted to opiates and barbiturates (3). The problem of multiple drug use is exacerbated because treatment for withdrawal from one type of drug, such as heroin, may lead to the neglect of withdrawal stress from another type of drug, for example, barbiturates. As Abeles and co-workers pointed out, if one neglects the withdrawal symptoms caused by barbiturates, the patient may suffer serious convulsions which can result in death (3). Freedman also noted that many of today's addicts are multiple drug users. He contends that a decade ago the addict was generally using only","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"87 2 1","pages":"185-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1972-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/4594463","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69132962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Blindness prevalence rates in Egypt.","authors":"M. Said, H. Goldstein, A. Korra, K. El-kashlan","doi":"10.2307/4594462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4594462","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"87 2 1","pages":"177-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1972-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/4594462","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69132930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Health care in the nation's capital during 30 mass assemblies.","authors":"C. Hayman, H. S. Meek, R. Standard, M. Hope","doi":"10.2307/4594437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4594437","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"87 2 1","pages":"99-109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1972-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/4594437","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69133051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BETWEEN July 1, 1969, and July 1, 1970, a total of 53,039 cases of infectious hepatitis were reported to the Center for Disease Control (CDC) by State health departments ('1). In the same period CDC investigated four unrelated waterborne outbreaks of infectious hepatitis comprising 190 cases (references 2-4 and an outbreak in North Carolina, described by Dr. J. D. Hamilton at the Epidemic Intelligence Service Conference in Atlanta, Ga., in April 1970). Although other outbreaks may
在1969年7月1日至1970年7月1日之间，国家卫生部门向疾病控制中心(CDC)报告了总共53039例传染性肝炎病例(1)。在同一时期，疾病预防控制中心调查了四起不相关的水传播传染性肝炎暴发，包括190例(参考文献2-4)和北卡罗来纳州的一次暴发，由J. D. Hamilton博士在佐治亚州亚特兰大举行的流行病情报服务会议上描述。， 1970年4月)。尽管其他疫情可能
{"title":"Infectious hepatitis outbreak associated with cafe water.","authors":"R. Garibaldi, G. Murphy, B. T. Wood","doi":"10.2307/4594460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4594460","url":null,"abstract":"BETWEEN July 1, 1969, and July 1, 1970, a total of 53,039 cases of infectious hepatitis were reported to the Center for Disease Control (CDC) by State health departments ('1). In the same period CDC investigated four unrelated waterborne outbreaks of infectious hepatitis comprising 190 cases (references 2-4 and an outbreak in North Carolina, described by Dr. J. D. Hamilton at the Epidemic Intelligence Service Conference in Atlanta, Ga., in April 1970). Although other outbreaks may","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"87 2 1","pages":"164-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1972-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/4594460","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69133299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Usefulness of factor and cluster analysis in grouping census tracts.","authors":"I Lehr, H B Messinger, E S Rogers","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"87 2","pages":"154-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1972-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1616187/pdf/hsmhahr00014-0060.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16148696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Infectious hepatitis outbreak associated with cafe water.","authors":"R A Garibaldi, G D Murphy, B T Wood","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"87 2","pages":"164-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1972-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1616177/pdf/hsmhahr00014-0070.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16148697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impending shortage of cytotechnologists.","authors":"D Johnson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"87 2","pages":"110-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1972-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1616188/pdf/hsmhahr00014-0016.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15654334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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