{"title":"Nursing home surveyors.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"87 2","pages":"114-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1972-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1616181/pdf/hsmhahr00014-0020.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15654335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Epidemiology of a Q fever outbreak in Los Angeles County, 1966.","authors":"P A Gross, B A Kogan, E Aaron, G A Heidbreder","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"87 1","pages":"71-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1972-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1616123/pdf/hsmhahr00013-0073.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16157761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RABIES is an important zoonosis. While it is primarily a disease of animals, it can be transmitted to man by bites of infected animals. Of all the infectious diseases that afflict man, rabies is the most dreadful and gruesome. Once the disease becomes manifest, medical science is helpless. One can only watch as the patient succumbs to an agonizing and horrible death. The fatality rate for rabies is almost always 100 percent; but despite being a fatal disease, rabies is easily preventable. Rabies is one of the reportable human diseases in the Republic of the Philippines. The annual reported incidence of deaths from 1958 to 1968 ranged from 155 to 383, with a mortality rate of 0.4 to 1.2 per 100,000 population (table 1), and all known sources of exposure being the dog (1). The preponderance of cases occurred among children of school age and among adolescents (table 2). The mortality rate for rabies was higher than for poliomyelitis, whooping cough, or typhoid fever. Globally, the Philippines ranked second in human deaths from rabies (2). While rabies virus has been isolated from a large number of animals, not all of these animals can transmit the infection. From the viewpoint of human infection, the dog is the most important reservoir and transmitter of rabies. In some countries, however, wildlife rabies has become a major problem as the underlying reservoir for maintaining the disease. The vampire bat of Mexico and Central and South America (3); skunks in the midwestem and far western United States (4); foxes along the Ohio-Mississippi River Valleys and in the southwestern United States (5); mongooses, polecats, and civet cats in South Africa (6, 7); wolves and foxes in arctic and subarctic areas of the Northern Hemisphere (8); and jackals, foxes, wild dogs, mongooses, and civet cats in India (9) have maintained and transmitted the rabies virus. The establishment of rabies in wildlife populations in other countries has compounded the rabies problem and raised it to alarming magnitudes. Rabies is enzootic in all continents except Australia and Antarctica. Many countries, including Great Britain, Cyprus, and New Zealand, and the State of Hawaii have also been historically free from rabies because of stringent regulations, which are rigidly enforced, concerning the entry of dogs and cats. No effective treatment has yet been made available for rabies despite the achievements of modern medical science. The prophylactic measure deDr. Arambulo is chief of the division of research and laboratory, Veterinary Inspection Board, City of Manila, and professorial lecturer, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines. Dr. Beran is director, Van Houwelling Laboratory for Microbiological Research, Silliman University Medical Center, Dumaguete City. Dr. Escudero is dean of the college. Tearsheet requests to Dr. Primo V. Arambulo III, Division of Research and Laboratory, Veterinary Inspection Board, Vitas, Tondo, Manila, Philippines.
狂犬病是一种重要的人畜共患病。虽然它主要是一种动物疾病，但它可以通过受感染动物的叮咬传播给人类。在所有折磨人类的传染病中，狂犬病是最可怕、最可怕的。这种疾病一旦显现，医学就无能为力了。人们只能看着病人痛苦而可怕地死去。狂犬病的致死率几乎总是100%;尽管狂犬病是一种致命的疾病，但很容易预防。狂犬病是菲律宾共和国应报告的人类疾病之一。从1958年到1968年，每年报告的死亡人数从155人到383人不等，死亡率为每10万人0.4至1.2人(表1)，所有已知的接触源都是狗(1)。病例主要发生在学龄儿童和青少年中(表2)。狂犬病的死亡率高于脊髓灰质炎、百日咳或伤寒。在全球范围内，菲律宾在人类狂犬病死亡人数中排名第二(2)。虽然从大量动物中分离出狂犬病病毒，但并非所有这些动物都能传播感染。从人类感染的角度来看，狗是狂犬病最重要的宿主和传播者。然而，在一些国家，野生动物狂犬病作为维持疾病的潜在宿主已成为一个主要问题。墨西哥和中南美洲的吸血蝙蝠(3);美国中西部和远西部的臭鼬(4);沿俄亥俄-密西西比河流域和美国西南部的狐狸(5);南非的猫鼬、臭鼬和果子狸(6,7);北半球北极和亚北极地区的狼和狐狸(8);印度的胡狼、狐狸、野狗、猫鼬和果子狸(9)维持并传播狂犬病毒。在其他国家野生动物种群中建立狂犬病使狂犬病问题复杂化，并使其达到令人震惊的程度。狂犬病在除澳大利亚和南极洲以外的所有大陆都是地方性传染病。许多国家，包括英国、塞浦路斯、新西兰和夏威夷州，历史上也没有狂犬病，因为它们对狗和猫的入境有严格的规定，这些规定得到严格执行。尽管现代医学取得了成就，但狂犬病尚未得到有效的治疗。预防措施是什么?Arambulo是马尼拉市兽医检查委员会研究和实验室主任，也是菲律宾大学兽医学院的教授讲师。Beran博士是杜马格特市西利曼大学医学中心Van Houwelling微生物研究实验室主任。埃斯库德罗博士是该学院的院长。向菲律宾马尼拉通多市维塔斯市兽医检查委员会研究和实验室司Primo V. Arambulo III博士索取泪表。
{"title":"Eradication of rabies in the Philippines.","authors":"P. V. Armbulo, G. Beran, S. H. Escudero","doi":"10.2307/4594432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4594432","url":null,"abstract":"RABIES is an important zoonosis. While it is primarily a disease of animals, it can be transmitted to man by bites of infected animals. Of all the infectious diseases that afflict man, rabies is the most dreadful and gruesome. Once the disease becomes manifest, medical science is helpless. One can only watch as the patient succumbs to an agonizing and horrible death. The fatality rate for rabies is almost always 100 percent; but despite being a fatal disease, rabies is easily preventable. Rabies is one of the reportable human diseases in the Republic of the Philippines. The annual reported incidence of deaths from 1958 to 1968 ranged from 155 to 383, with a mortality rate of 0.4 to 1.2 per 100,000 population (table 1), and all known sources of exposure being the dog (1). The preponderance of cases occurred among children of school age and among adolescents (table 2). The mortality rate for rabies was higher than for poliomyelitis, whooping cough, or typhoid fever. Globally, the Philippines ranked second in human deaths from rabies (2). While rabies virus has been isolated from a large number of animals, not all of these animals can transmit the infection. From the viewpoint of human infection, the dog is the most important reservoir and transmitter of rabies. In some countries, however, wildlife rabies has become a major problem as the underlying reservoir for maintaining the disease. The vampire bat of Mexico and Central and South America (3); skunks in the midwestem and far western United States (4); foxes along the Ohio-Mississippi River Valleys and in the southwestern United States (5); mongooses, polecats, and civet cats in South Africa (6, 7); wolves and foxes in arctic and subarctic areas of the Northern Hemisphere (8); and jackals, foxes, wild dogs, mongooses, and civet cats in India (9) have maintained and transmitted the rabies virus. The establishment of rabies in wildlife populations in other countries has compounded the rabies problem and raised it to alarming magnitudes. Rabies is enzootic in all continents except Australia and Antarctica. Many countries, including Great Britain, Cyprus, and New Zealand, and the State of Hawaii have also been historically free from rabies because of stringent regulations, which are rigidly enforced, concerning the entry of dogs and cats. No effective treatment has yet been made available for rabies despite the achievements of modern medical science. The prophylactic measure deDr. Arambulo is chief of the division of research and laboratory, Veterinary Inspection Board, City of Manila, and professorial lecturer, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines. Dr. Beran is director, Van Houwelling Laboratory for Microbiological Research, Silliman University Medical Center, Dumaguete City. Dr. Escudero is dean of the college. Tearsheet requests to Dr. Primo V. Arambulo III, Division of Research and Laboratory, Veterinary Inspection Board, Vitas, Tondo, Manila, Philippines.","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"87 1 1","pages":"87-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1972-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/4594432","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69132648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
HEALTH CARE is a community affair. The report of the National Commission on Community Health Services states that "health services, operated to meet the needs of every individual, should be located within the environment of the individual's home community" (la). The report further points out that "the performance of community health services should not be considered the province solely of the physician and the public health officer. It must be recognized that the health 'team' is not a closed fraternity. . . . The vested interests of voluntary, private, and public agencies and of the professions must be subjected to the overriding interest-that of the health of the people" (Jb). In the summer of 1970 I was asked to chair a special Task Force on Priority Populations for ALPHA (Area-wide and Local Planning for Health Action, Inc.), a community health group for a six-county region headquartered in Syracuse, N.Y. The task force operated under the premise expressed by the national commission that health care is not the province of any special group. Our task was to identify the health care needs of poor people, older people, and members of disadvantaged minority groups in this upstate New York area. The area consists of urban and rural sectors and, in many respects, is a prototype of middle-sized metropolitan communities throughout the nation. Syracuse is its hub. It has a population of approximately 200,000 and is often used as a setting for commercial market research because of the representativeness of its population.
{"title":"Health care needs of the disadvantaged in a rural-urban area.","authors":"C. Willie","doi":"10.2307/4594431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4594431","url":null,"abstract":"HEALTH CARE is a community affair. The report of the National Commission on Community Health Services states that \"health services, operated to meet the needs of every individual, should be located within the environment of the individual's home community\" (la). The report further points out that \"the performance of community health services should not be considered the province solely of the physician and the public health officer. It must be recognized that the health 'team' is not a closed fraternity. . . . The vested interests of voluntary, private, and public agencies and of the professions must be subjected to the overriding interest-that of the health of the people\" (Jb). In the summer of 1970 I was asked to chair a special Task Force on Priority Populations for ALPHA (Area-wide and Local Planning for Health Action, Inc.), a community health group for a six-county region headquartered in Syracuse, N.Y. The task force operated under the premise expressed by the national commission that health care is not the province of any special group. Our task was to identify the health care needs of poor people, older people, and members of disadvantaged minority groups in this upstate New York area. The area consists of urban and rural sectors and, in many respects, is a prototype of middle-sized metropolitan communities throughout the nation. Syracuse is its hub. It has a population of approximately 200,000 and is often used as a setting for commercial market research because of the representativeness of its population.","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"87 1 1","pages":"81-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1972-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/4594431","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69132635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
THE age-adjusted mortality rate from carcinoma of the ovary (primary) ( 175, International Classification of Diseases, 1955 revision) in the United States has increased from 3.1 to 7.6 per 100,000 population for the years 1930-67, partially because of improved diagnostic facilities and increased awareness of the disease (1, 2). The end results data of the National Cancer Institute show that the 5-year survival rate has increased from approximately 24 percent for 1940-49 to 30 percent for 1955-59 for all stages (3, 4). Thus, despite a slight increase in relative survival rates, ovarian cancer mortality continues to rise. This rise must mean that
{"title":"Some epidemiologic variables in ovarian carcinoma.","authors":"L. Krain","doi":"10.2307/4594427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4594427","url":null,"abstract":"THE age-adjusted mortality rate from carcinoma of the ovary (primary) ( 175, International Classification of Diseases, 1955 revision) in the United States has increased from 3.1 to 7.6 per 100,000 population for the years 1930-67, partially because of improved diagnostic facilities and increased awareness of the disease (1, 2). The end results data of the National Cancer Institute show that the 5-year survival rate has increased from approximately 24 percent for 1940-49 to 30 percent for 1955-59 for all stages (3, 4). Thus, despite a slight increase in relative survival rates, ovarian cancer mortality continues to rise. This rise must mean that","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"87 1 1","pages":"56-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1972-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/4594427","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69132487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dr. Gross is an assistant professor of medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, located at the Veterans Administration Hospital in West Haven. He was formerly an Epidemic Intelligence Service officer of the Center for Disease Control, serving with the County of Los Angeles Health Department. Dr. Kogan is director, bureau of medical services, Dr. Aaron is epidemiologist veterinarian, and Dr. Heidbreder is health officer, all with the county health department. This paper was presented in part at the annual Epidemic Intelligence Service Conference in Atlanta, Ga., April 16-19, 1968. Tearsheet requests to Peter A. Gross, M.D., Veterans Administration Hospital, West Spring Street, West Haven, Conn. 06516. working with dairy cows or their raw products and among persons living near dairies. In 1948-49, among Los Angeles County residents, the prevalence of Q fever complement fixing antibodies was 1.3 percent (2).
格罗斯博士是耶鲁大学医学院的医学助理教授，位于西黑文的退伍军人管理医院。他曾是疾病控制中心流行病情报服务官员，服务于洛杉矶县卫生局。科根博士是医疗服务局局长，亚伦博士是流行病学家兽医，海德布莱德博士是卫生官员，他们都在县卫生部门工作。这篇论文的部分内容是在佐治亚州亚特兰大举行的年度流行病情报服务会议上发表的。1968年4月16日至19日泪表请求Peter A. Gross, M.D，退伍军人管理医院，West Spring Street, West Haven, Conn. 06516。与奶牛或其原料一起工作的人，以及生活在奶牛场附近的人。1948-49年，在洛杉矶县居民中，Q热补体固定抗体的患病率为1.3%(2)。
{"title":"Epidemiology of a Q fever outbreak in Los Angeles County, 1966.","authors":"P. Gross, B. A. Kogan, E. Aaron, G. Heidbreder","doi":"10.2307/4594429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4594429","url":null,"abstract":"Dr. Gross is an assistant professor of medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, located at the Veterans Administration Hospital in West Haven. He was formerly an Epidemic Intelligence Service officer of the Center for Disease Control, serving with the County of Los Angeles Health Department. Dr. Kogan is director, bureau of medical services, Dr. Aaron is epidemiologist veterinarian, and Dr. Heidbreder is health officer, all with the county health department. This paper was presented in part at the annual Epidemic Intelligence Service Conference in Atlanta, Ga., April 16-19, 1968. Tearsheet requests to Peter A. Gross, M.D., Veterans Administration Hospital, West Spring Street, West Haven, Conn. 06516. working with dairy cows or their raw products and among persons living near dairies. In 1948-49, among Los Angeles County residents, the prevalence of Q fever complement fixing antibodies was 1.3 percent (2).","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"87 1 1","pages":"71-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1972-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/4594429","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69132544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
way contributing to the reaction. These factors, on analysis, appear to be traceable to the peculiar and psy-chologically vicious environment which the majority group has imposed on the minority. As the environment approximates that of the majority, the suicide rate be- comes higher. [Emphasis added.]
{"title":"Why are suicides of young blacks increasing?","authors":"R. Seiden","doi":"10.2307/4594402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4594402","url":null,"abstract":"way contributing to the reaction. These factors, on analysis, appear to be traceable to the peculiar and psy-chologically vicious environment which the majority group has imposed on the minority. As the environment approximates that of the majority, the suicide rate be- comes higher. [Emphasis added.]","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"87 1 1","pages":"3-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1972-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/4594402","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69132714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Biological aspects of urban rat control.","authors":"C. Mcdavid, E. W. Mood","doi":"10.2307/4594405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4594405","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"8 1","pages":"17-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1972-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/4594405","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69132832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Why are suicides of young blacks increasing?","authors":"R H Seiden","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"87 1","pages":"3-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1972-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1616124/pdf/hsmhahr00013-0005.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16111090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Completeness and accuracy of reporting of malformations on birth certificates.","authors":"M Mackeprang, S Hay, A S Lunde","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"87 1","pages":"43-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1972-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1616116/pdf/hsmhahr00013-0045.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16111091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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