At the very time when the Administration is pressing for an increase of $100 million in Federal expenditures for the conquest of cancer, a shortage of cytotechnologists, who are valuable in research as well as control, may occur. When Congress passed the Partnership for Health Act and section 314E became effective in June 1970, cancer was among the categorical diseases that lost Federal support for control activities. The Cancer Control Program, which was funding 78 training programs in cytotechnology, ended.
就在政府迫切要求增加1亿美元的联邦开支用于战胜癌症的时候，可能会出现细胞技术专家的短缺，而细胞技术专家在研究和控制方面都很有价值。1970年6月，国会通过了《健康合作法案》(Partnership for Health Act)，第314E条开始生效。当时，癌症是失去联邦政府控制活动支持的一类疾病之一。资助78个细胞技术培训项目的癌症控制项目结束了。
{"title":"Impending shortage of cytotechnologists.","authors":"D. Johnson","doi":"10.2307/4594438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4594438","url":null,"abstract":"At the very time when the Administration is pressing for an increase of $100 million in Federal expenditures for the conquest of cancer, a shortage of cytotechnologists, who are valuable in research as well as control, may occur. When Congress passed the Partnership for Health Act and section 314E became effective in June 1970, cancer was among the categorical diseases that lost Federal support for control activities. The Cancer Control Program, which was funding 78 training programs in cytotechnology, ended.","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"87 2 1","pages":"110-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1972-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/4594438","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69133066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Blindness prevalence rates in Egypt.","authors":"M E Said, H Goldstein, A Korra, K el-Kashlan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"87 2","pages":"177-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1972-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1616182/pdf/hsmhahr00014-0083.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16148699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Establishment of a national system for surveillance of injuries.","authors":"J F Kraus","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"87 2","pages":"137-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1972-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1616175/pdf/hsmhahr00014-0043.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16148694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Use of an oxidation-fermentation medium in the identification of yeasts.","authors":"C T Hall, D Webb, C Papageorge","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"87 2","pages":"172-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1972-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1616185/pdf/hsmhahr00014-0078.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16148698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
FOR MANY YEARS, differentiating Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformanns from other yeasts has been considered adequate characterization of clinical specimens. It has become increasingly obvious in recent years, however, that other species of yeasts are also implicated in pathological conditions and that a more definitive characterization of yeasts as etiological agents is necessary. The identification of yeasts requires consideration of both morphological and physiological characteristics. The physiological characterization is achieved by differentiating the organisms according to the activity of urease, the assimilation of nitrate, and the fermentations and assimilations of carbohydrates. The assimilation of carbohydrates is determined by the classic Wickerham broth procedure (1) or the agar auxanogram procedures. It is generally conceded that the Wickerham procedure is more sensitive than the comparable agar auxanogram techniques. Preliminary studies in the laboratory of the Proficiency Testing Section have revealed that the differential carbohydrate assimilation patterns achieved by the Wickerham broth technique can be reproduced identically in an oxidation-fermentation (O-F) medium incubated under aerobic conditions at 250C. In contrast to the classic assimilation tests, growth from the pure culture of yeasts was stabbed into the semisolid O-F medium with a straight wire without the requirement for starving the inoculum or tedious dilution and adjustment procedures. Inoculation of the carbohydrate-free basal medium failed to show that acid production from a carryover of a carbohydrate substrate in the inoculum was a problem.
{"title":"Use of an oxidation-fermentation medium in the identification of yeasts.","authors":"C. T. Hall, D. Webb, C. Papageorge","doi":"10.2307/4594461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4594461","url":null,"abstract":"FOR MANY YEARS, differentiating Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformanns from other yeasts has been considered adequate characterization of clinical specimens. It has become increasingly obvious in recent years, however, that other species of yeasts are also implicated in pathological conditions and that a more definitive characterization of yeasts as etiological agents is necessary. The identification of yeasts requires consideration of both morphological and physiological characteristics. The physiological characterization is achieved by differentiating the organisms according to the activity of urease, the assimilation of nitrate, and the fermentations and assimilations of carbohydrates. The assimilation of carbohydrates is determined by the classic Wickerham broth procedure (1) or the agar auxanogram procedures. It is generally conceded that the Wickerham procedure is more sensitive than the comparable agar auxanogram techniques. Preliminary studies in the laboratory of the Proficiency Testing Section have revealed that the differential carbohydrate assimilation patterns achieved by the Wickerham broth technique can be reproduced identically in an oxidation-fermentation (O-F) medium incubated under aerobic conditions at 250C. In contrast to the classic assimilation tests, growth from the pure culture of yeasts was stabbed into the semisolid O-F medium with a straight wire without the requirement for starving the inoculum or tedious dilution and adjustment procedures. Inoculation of the carbohydrate-free basal medium failed to show that acid production from a carryover of a carbohydrate substrate in the inoculum was a problem.","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"87 2 1","pages":"172-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1972-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/4594461","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69132855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Establishment of a national system for surveillance of injuries.","authors":"J. Kraus","doi":"10.2307/4594457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4594457","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"87 2 1","pages":"137-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1972-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/4594457","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69133141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nutritional status of villagers in Laos.","authors":"J. Hankin, G. Breakey, U. Chularerk","doi":"10.2307/4594458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4594458","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"87 2 1","pages":"145-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1972-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/4594458","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69133201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nutritional status of villagers in Laos.","authors":"J Hankin, G Breakey, U Chularerk","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"87 2","pages":"145-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1972-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1616186/pdf/hsmhahr00014-0051.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16148695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Alaskan villages receive human services.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"87 2","pages":"121-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1972-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1616184/pdf/hsmhahr00014-0027.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16148693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CENSUS TRACTS are useful demographic and statistical units of study. Within the larger circumscribed community, they are especially useful for determining subpopulation characteristics and subpopulations at risk to inadequate care, disease, and mortality. Officials participating in community health planning have expressed a strong interest in studies using census tract data. A recent report by the Study Group on the 1970 Census and Vital and Health Statistics suggests that the availability of such small area data "presents an excellent opportunity for those who are responsible for vital records systems to produce complementary data necessary for health planning, demography, and general social research" (1). Census tracts provide useful basic statistical units for comparing vital rates only when both the number of events (the numerator) and the population at risk (the denominator) for each tract are adequate. To solve the problem of a numerator, the investigator can extend his observations to 3 Dr. Lehr was a research associate and Dr. Rogers was professor of public health and medical administration, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, at the time of this study. Dr. Messinger is a fellow at the Institute of Health Research, Berkeley. This study was supported in part by a Taxonomic Community Health Analysis grant HS-0012 from the Public Health Service and by General Research Support grant 5-S0J-R-05441 from the National Institutes of Health. Computer services were supplied by Franck Oechsli, School of Public Health Statistical Services, and vital statistics data were supplied by the San Francisco Department of Public Health and Dr. Victor Eisner, clinical professor of maternal and child health, at the school of public health. Tearsheet requests to Dr. Irene Lehr, 1786 Spruce St., Berkeley, Calif. 94709.
人口普查区是有用的人口和统计研究单位。在较大的限定社区内，它们对于确定亚种群特征和面临护理不足、疾病和死亡率风险的亚种群特别有用。参与社区卫生规划的官员对利用人口普查区数据进行研究表示了浓厚的兴趣。1970年人口普查和人口与健康统计研究小组最近的一份报告表明，这种小地区数据的可用性“为那些负责人口动态记录系统的人提供了一个极好的机会，使他们能够为卫生规划、人口统计、只有当每个地区的事件数量(分子)和危险人口数量(分母)都足够时，人口普查区才能为比较人口死亡率提供有用的基本统计单位。为了解决分子的问题，研究者可以将他的观察延伸到3 . Dr. Lehr是一名研究助理，Dr. Rogers是加州大学伯克利分校公共卫生学院公共卫生和医疗管理教授。梅辛格博士是伯克利健康研究所的研究员。本研究得到了公共卫生服务分类学社区健康分析基金HS-0012和美国国立卫生研究院一般研究支持基金5-S0J-R-05441的部分支持。计算机服务由公共卫生统计服务学院的Franck Oechsli提供，生命统计数据由旧金山公共卫生部和公共卫生学院妇幼保健临床教授Victor Eisner博士提供。泪表请求艾琳·莱尔博士，加州伯克利云杉街1786号，94709。
{"title":"Usefulness of factor and cluster analysis in grouping census tracts.","authors":"I. Lehr, H. Messinger, E. S. Rogers","doi":"10.2307/4594459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4594459","url":null,"abstract":"CENSUS TRACTS are useful demographic and statistical units of study. Within the larger circumscribed community, they are especially useful for determining subpopulation characteristics and subpopulations at risk to inadequate care, disease, and mortality. Officials participating in community health planning have expressed a strong interest in studies using census tract data. A recent report by the Study Group on the 1970 Census and Vital and Health Statistics suggests that the availability of such small area data \"presents an excellent opportunity for those who are responsible for vital records systems to produce complementary data necessary for health planning, demography, and general social research\" (1). Census tracts provide useful basic statistical units for comparing vital rates only when both the number of events (the numerator) and the population at risk (the denominator) for each tract are adequate. To solve the problem of a numerator, the investigator can extend his observations to 3 Dr. Lehr was a research associate and Dr. Rogers was professor of public health and medical administration, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, at the time of this study. Dr. Messinger is a fellow at the Institute of Health Research, Berkeley. This study was supported in part by a Taxonomic Community Health Analysis grant HS-0012 from the Public Health Service and by General Research Support grant 5-S0J-R-05441 from the National Institutes of Health. Computer services were supplied by Franck Oechsli, School of Public Health Statistical Services, and vital statistics data were supplied by the San Francisco Department of Public Health and Dr. Victor Eisner, clinical professor of maternal and child health, at the school of public health. Tearsheet requests to Dr. Irene Lehr, 1786 Spruce St., Berkeley, Calif. 94709.","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"87 2 1","pages":"154-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1972-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/4594459","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69133229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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