Dr. Wood is associate professor of community medicine, Mrs. Volante is community nursing consultant and instructor in community medicine, and Mr. Berenson is a fourth year medical student, Mount Sinai School of Medicine of the City University of New York, The New York Community Trust provided funds for the study. Tearsheet requests to Courtney B. Wood, M.D., Mount Sinai School of Medicine, City University of New York, 19 E. 98th St., New York City 10029. the extent that mass screening or any like programs fulfill these criteria, they perform a valuable health service within a community; that is, they have the potential of leading to reductions in morbidity, mortality, or disability. The problem often is, however, that existing programs for one reason or another are weak, especially in reaching the desired population and in the area of followup care. The question arises as to whether there is any way of using the valuable experience of traditional public health methodology to reach the community with an approach that would be more responsive to its health needs and more effective in meeting these needs. To that end we proposed and executed a pilot study that was based on the resolve of the department of community medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, "to identify and solve health problems in the community." We decided to select a disease that was easily identifiable by the general population and for which there was a relatively simple and highly visible solution. The approach was to be one of search and service, with a view to developing a network of indigenous epidemiologic intelligence within a given community; namely, East Harlem. Amputation of an extremity was selected as the most recognizable disease entity for which followup services are accessible, available, and effective. In this study an amputee is defined as a person lacking part or all of one or more extremities.
Wood博士是社区医学副教授，Volante夫人是社区护理顾问和社区医学讲师，Berenson先生是纽约城市大学西奈山医学院的四年级医学生，纽约社区信托基金为这项研究提供了资金。泪表请求给纽约城市大学西奈山医学院的Courtney B. Wood医学博士，地址是10029纽约市东98街19号。大规模筛查或任何类似的项目在一定程度上满足这些标准，它们在社区内提供了有价值的卫生服务;也就是说，它们具有降低发病率、死亡率或致残率的潜力。然而，问题往往是，由于这样或那样的原因，现有的计划是薄弱的，特别是在达到预期的人群和在后续护理领域。问题是，是否有办法利用传统公共卫生方法的宝贵经验，以一种更能满足社区的卫生需要和更有效地满足这些需要的办法接触社区。为此，我们提出并执行了一项试点研究，该研究基于西奈山医学院社区医学系的决心，“以识别和解决社区中的健康问题”。我们决定选择一种容易被普通人群识别的疾病，并且有一个相对简单和高度可见的解决方案。这是一种搜索和服务的方法，以期在某一社区内建立一个土著流行病学情报网络;也就是东哈莱姆。肢体截肢被选为最容易识别的疾病实体，其后续服务是可获得的、可用的和有效的。在这项研究中，截肢者被定义为缺乏部分或全部四肢的人。
{"title":"An epidemiologic study of amputees in the East Harlem community.","authors":"C. B. Wood, R. Volante, R. Berenson","doi":"10.2307/4594393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4594393","url":null,"abstract":"Dr. Wood is associate professor of community medicine, Mrs. Volante is community nursing consultant and instructor in community medicine, and Mr. Berenson is a fourth year medical student, Mount Sinai School of Medicine of the City University of New York, The New York Community Trust provided funds for the study. Tearsheet requests to Courtney B. Wood, M.D., Mount Sinai School of Medicine, City University of New York, 19 E. 98th St., New York City 10029. the extent that mass screening or any like programs fulfill these criteria, they perform a valuable health service within a community; that is, they have the potential of leading to reductions in morbidity, mortality, or disability. The problem often is, however, that existing programs for one reason or another are weak, especially in reaching the desired population and in the area of followup care. The question arises as to whether there is any way of using the valuable experience of traditional public health methodology to reach the community with an approach that would be more responsive to its health needs and more effective in meeting these needs. To that end we proposed and executed a pilot study that was based on the resolve of the department of community medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, \"to identify and solve health problems in the community.\" We decided to select a disease that was easily identifiable by the general population and for which there was a relatively simple and highly visible solution. The approach was to be one of search and service, with a view to developing a network of indigenous epidemiologic intelligence within a given community; namely, East Harlem. Amputation of an extremity was selected as the most recognizable disease entity for which followup services are accessible, available, and effective. In this study an amputee is defined as a person lacking part or all of one or more extremities.","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"86 12 1","pages":"1092-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/4594393","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69132569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Risk management and consumer participation in medical decision making.","authors":"I Vertinsky, D H Uyeno","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"86 12","pages":"1122-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1937201/pdf/hsmhahr00012-0074.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16037531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Legal regulation of health manpower in the 1970's.","authors":"R Roemer","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"86 12","pages":"1053-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1937210/pdf/hsmhahr00012-0005.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16243649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mass immunization campaign in El Salvador, 1969. Evaluation of receptivity and recommendation for future campaigns.","authors":"N. Lin, R. Hingson, J. Allwood-Paredes","doi":"10.2307/4594396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4594396","url":null,"abstract":"cases","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"86 12 1","pages":"1112-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/4594396","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69132629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SINCE a child's fears about an impending clinic visit may impede diagnosis of his case and treatment, the source of such fears is a matter of serious concern to physicians, nurses, other health workers, and parents. When a child patient comes to the pediatric clinic, he enters a world of large esoteric instruments and unknown procedures. Some physicians and nurses have expressed the belief that the informed child who knows what will likely be done to him will cooperate better (1, 2). Physiological measurements and examinations performed on a cooperative child will presumably be more accurate than those performed on a noncooperative one (3); moreover, the informed child should suffer fewer emotional aftereffects (4). Physicians and nurses holding these views therefore advocate giving the child patient prior information about any impending medical and surgical events to alleviate his apprehensions about them. In practice, however, many physicians and nurses have reported that telling a child he is about to undergo some medical procedure-for
{"title":"Factors in reducing children's anxiety about clinic visits.","authors":"M. Heffernan, P. Azarnoff","doi":"10.2307/4594398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4594398","url":null,"abstract":"SINCE a child's fears about an impending clinic visit may impede diagnosis of his case and treatment, the source of such fears is a matter of serious concern to physicians, nurses, other health workers, and parents. When a child patient comes to the pediatric clinic, he enters a world of large esoteric instruments and unknown procedures. Some physicians and nurses have expressed the belief that the informed child who knows what will likely be done to him will cooperate better (1, 2). Physiological measurements and examinations performed on a cooperative child will presumably be more accurate than those performed on a noncooperative one (3); moreover, the informed child should suffer fewer emotional aftereffects (4). Physicians and nurses holding these views therefore advocate giving the child patient prior information about any impending medical and surgical events to alleviate his apprehensions about them. In practice, however, many physicians and nurses have reported that telling a child he is about to undergo some medical procedure-for","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"86 12 1","pages":"1131-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/4594398","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69132697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A county health department's role in drug programs.","authors":"F L Morton","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"86 12","pages":"1069-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1937205/pdf/hsmhahr00012-0021.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16243652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An epidemiologic study of amputees in the East Harlem community.","authors":"C B Wood, R S Volante, R Berenson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"86 12","pages":"1092-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1937200/pdf/hsmhahr00012-0044.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16243654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mass immunization campaign in El Salvador, 1969. Evaluation of receptivity and recommendation for future campaigns.","authors":"N Lin, R Hingson, J Allwood-Paredes","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"86 12","pages":"1112-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1937209/pdf/hsmhahr00012-0064.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16243655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Creating a climate for change in a dental health unit.","authors":"C. A. Clark","doi":"10.2307/4594383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4594383","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"86 12 1","pages":"1066-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/4594383","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69132464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
HOW MANY poor persons eligible for welfare have either not applied for or have not received it? How many persons eligible for the Medicaid program have not received these benefits? We usually do not know, since data on the actual number of persons who are eligible but not receiving service under a social program are generally not readily available. Only for limited geographic areas, are data more readily at hand for comparing, area by area, how well the poor-as defined by a national standard of poverty-are covered by various social programs. From data on program coverage in these small areas, then, we not only can determine the proportion of the poor with coverage in pockets of poverty, but also the proportion that is without coverage. Moreover, observations based on national, regional, State, or city data frequently cannot be applied to local areas. Measurements of program coverage in larger areas generally just average down the concentration of the population affected. As an example, the percent of persons on welfare in Pennsylvania in June 1969 was 4.5, compared with 25.8 percent in the area of the southeast Philadelphia neighborhood health center surveyed. More specifically, 40.7 percent of the families in one census tract in this city neighborhood were on welfare.
{"title":"Welfare and Medicaid coverage of the poor and near-poor in low-income areas.","authors":"G. Sparer, L. M. Okada","doi":"10.2307/4594394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4594394","url":null,"abstract":"HOW MANY poor persons eligible for welfare have either not applied for or have not received it? How many persons eligible for the Medicaid program have not received these benefits? We usually do not know, since data on the actual number of persons who are eligible but not receiving service under a social program are generally not readily available. Only for limited geographic areas, are data more readily at hand for comparing, area by area, how well the poor-as defined by a national standard of poverty-are covered by various social programs. From data on program coverage in these small areas, then, we not only can determine the proportion of the poor with coverage in pockets of poverty, but also the proportion that is without coverage. Moreover, observations based on national, regional, State, or city data frequently cannot be applied to local areas. Measurements of program coverage in larger areas generally just average down the concentration of the population affected. As an example, the percent of persons on welfare in Pennsylvania in June 1969 was 4.5, compared with 25.8 percent in the area of the southeast Philadelphia neighborhood health center surveyed. More specifically, 40.7 percent of the families in one census tract in this city neighborhood were on welfare.","PeriodicalId":78306,"journal":{"name":"HSMHA health reports","volume":"86 12 1","pages":"1099-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/4594394","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69132581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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