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Bark paintings conservation: Eucalyptus tetrodonta properties, bark harvesting and various mounting systems in the Northern Territory† 树皮绘画保护:北领地的河豚桉树特性、树皮收获和各种安装系统†
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2018-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/10344233.2018.1491090
Lisa M. Nolan
In the past, various mounting systems have been developed with no real consensus on the most appropriate system to display bark paintings that also considers the cultural values of Aboriginal Traditional Owners. In addressing this gap, the Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory (MAGNT) has been reviewing their current mounting systems and the preparation of bark supports with Injalak Arts to enable the development of evidence-based best practices for the display and preservation of bark paintings. A holistic study was undertaken to fully understand the life cycle of bark supports from when they are first made, to their display and collections trajectory in the cultural institution context. This paper examines Eucalyptus tetrodonata’s bark properties and harvesting techniques used by the Injalak Art Centre artists from the Aboriginal Traditional Owners’ perspective. With a holistic understanding of the material and cultural contexts, past display techniques were subsequently assessed which informed improvements of current bark painting mounting methods deployed at MAGNT. The purpose of this paper is not only to inform the development of appropriate mounting systems, but also to provide insight for the development of best practice decision-making and ‘proofed concepts’ of preventive conservation for the preservation and display of Aboriginal bark paintings.
过去,人们开发了各种各样的装裱系统,但在展示树皮画的最合适系统上没有达成真正的共识,这种系统也考虑到了原住民传统所有者的文化价值。为了解决这一差距,北领地博物馆和美术馆(MAGNT)一直在与Injalak Arts一起审查其当前的安装系统和树皮支架的准备工作,以制定基于证据的树皮绘画展示和保存最佳实践。进行了一项整体研究,以充分了解树皮支架的生命周期,从最初制作到在文化机构背景下的展示和收藏轨迹。本文从土著传统所有者的角度考察了因贾拉克艺术中心艺术家使用的河豚桉树的树皮特性和采伐技术。通过对材料和文化背景的全面了解,随后对过去的展示技术进行了评估,为MAGNT目前采用的树皮绘画安装方法的改进提供了信息。本文的目的不仅是为开发合适的安装系统提供信息,还为开发最佳实践决策和预防性保护的“验证概念”提供见解,以保护和展示原住民树皮画。
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引用次数: 0
Editorial 社论
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2018-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/10344233.2018.1593589
N. Tse
Volume . presents a mix of conservation papers and viewpoints from an Australian professional context. What draws the papers together is their focus on living cultural collections and heritage that connects people and communities and not only the static objects that we are commonly accustomed to in institutionalised contexts. Such a trend is not new in museology. The representation of living heritage, object biographies and knowledge acquisition in the broadest sense have long been in the public domain and the topic of exhibitions. While in conservation, the theme was explored at the ICOM CC th Triennial Conference Building Strong Culture through Conservation in Melbourne in  and the Hamilton Kerr Institute conference on Migrants: art, artists, materials and ideas crossing borders in . Essentially, the papers and conferences are all exploring identity, how it is constructed, acknowledged and (mis)represented which naturally has implications for how we conserve objects. The four papers in volume . are concerned with how to engage with living heritage systems and their fluid dynamics. It is encouraging that submissions to the AICCM Bulletin are focussing and exploring these themes. The paper ‘What is the Object? Identifying and describing time-based artworks’ by Carolyn Murphy, Asti Sherring and Lisa Catt from the Art Gallery of New South Wales (AGNSW) examines the challenges of cataloguing time based artworks in an institutionalised context. The AGNSW having collected such works since the s, discusses how the use of standard terminologies in their earlier database records may have misrepresented or not captured the artworks defining properties and iterative processes. Their goal therefore has been to re-evaluate their documentation and decision-making processes through a focussed project and a number of case studies in their collection. Carolyn Murphy and Analiese Treacy’s paper ‘Drawings you can walk on—Mike Parr and the th Biennale of Sydney ’ likewise explores the challenges of iterative works of art and ones that are ‘intentionally unstable (both physically and conceptually)’. The title itself challenges conservation practice from a conventional point of view but champions the experience and the living artists agency. The authors discuss how to best manage the various ideologies while also using the familiar modes of conservation documentation in the process. While Lisa Nolan’s paper on ‘Bark paintings conservation: Eucalyptus tetrodonta properties, bark harvesting and various mounting systems in the Northern Territory indigenous bark paintings’ provides a historical account of bark painting mounting systems and the way attitudes have evolved and changed. Informed through oral history accounts, the paper aims to understand the ‘full life cycle of bark supports from when they are first made, to their display and collections trajectory in the cultural institution context’. Working with Injalak Arts, the author has docum
体积. 介绍了澳大利亚专业背景下的保护论文和观点。将这些论文结合在一起的是,它们关注的是连接人们和社区的活的文化收藏和遗产,而不仅仅是我们在制度化背景下通常习惯的静态对象。这样的趋势在博物馆学中并不新鲜。最广泛意义上的活遗产、实物传记和知识获取的表现长期以来一直是公共领域和展览的主题。在保护期间,该主题在ICOM CC上进行了探索年在墨尔本举行的“通过保护建设强大文化”三年一度会议 以及汉密尔顿·克尔研究所移民会议:跨越国界的艺术、艺术家、材料和思想. 从本质上讲,这些论文和会议都在探索身份,以及它是如何被构建、承认和(错误)表示的,这自然对我们如何保护物体有影响。卷中的四篇论文. 关注如何与活的遗产系统及其流体动力学互动。令人鼓舞的是,提交给AICCM公告的材料正在关注和探索这些主题。论文“对象是什么?”?新南威尔士美术馆的Carolyn Murphy、Asti Sherring和Lisa Catt的《识别和描述基于时间的艺术品》探讨了在制度化背景下对基于时间的作品进行编目的挑战。AGNSW自s、 讨论了在其早期数据库记录中使用标准术语可能会歪曲或没有捕捉到定义属性和迭代过程的艺术品。因此,他们的目标是通过一个重点项目和他们收集的一些案例研究,重新评估他们的文件和决策过程。Carolyn Murphy和Analiese Treacy的论文《你可以走的画——Mike Parr和第届悉尼双年展’ 同样探讨了迭代艺术作品和“有意不稳定(物理和概念上)”的艺术作品的挑战。该标题本身从传统的角度挑战了保护实践,但支持这种体验和在世的艺术家机构。作者讨论了如何最好地管理各种意识形态,同时在这个过程中使用熟悉的保护文件模式。Lisa Nolan关于“树皮绘画保护:河豚桉树的特性、树皮收获和北领地土著树皮绘画中的各种安装系统”的论文提供了对树皮绘画安装系统以及态度演变和变化方式的历史描述。通过口述历史记录,本文旨在了解“树皮支架从最初制作到在文化机构背景下的展示和收藏轨迹的整个生命周期”。作者与Injalak Arts合作,记录了树皮的准备过程,以加深我们在北领地博物馆和美术馆保存树皮的专业知识和决策。该论文强调了参与和代表Injalak艺术知识的愿望。同样,布朗温·邓恩(Bronwyn Dunn)的论文《移动藏品:共济会维多利亚藏品的文件、运输和储存问题》(Moving a collection:Issues in the documentation,transport and storage of the Freemasons Victoria collection)介绍了共济会的参与情况,以及代表藏品价值的保存策略,这些藏品往往“被保密和误解(正确或错误)所笼罩”。很高兴在AICCM公报上发表这四篇论文,编辑委员会感谢作者的贡献和修改。
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引用次数: 0
Moving a collection: Issues in the documentation, transportation and storage of the Freemasons Victoria collection 移动藏品:关于维多利亚共济会藏品的文件、运输和储存的问题
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2018-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/10344233.2018.1555083
Bronwyn Dunn, Marlene Nicole Gray, Neva Hoppenbrouwers, Neeha Velagapudi
Early 2011 Freemasons Victoria decided to prepare the many historical and significant objects in their collection for relocation to premises in Prahran, Melbourne. This temporary storage facility would house the museum, portraits and library until a new Masonic building was constructed and a new museum established. This task unfolded as a complex series of steps requiring the organisation of the highly diverse collection before packing and transportation. These objects were in varying condition and with minimal or no associated documentation. This article outlines the process of bringing together this collection within a coherent framework, in preparation for its relocation and with the broader aim of improving future access to the collection and potential for museum accreditation. This process proved to be a challenging endeavour which evolved as more objects were located and identified. While many of the steps described in this paper are routine, the paper aims to present the journey of moving a large collection of objects within an institution historically shrouded in secrecy and misunderstanding (rightly or wrongly) and the challenges encountered along the way.
2011年初,维多利亚共济会决定将他们收藏的许多历史和重要物品搬迁到墨尔本Prahran。这个临时存储设施将容纳博物馆,肖像和图书馆,直到一个新的共济会建筑建成和一个新的博物馆建立。这项任务展开为一系列复杂的步骤,需要在包装和运输之前组织高度多样化的收藏品。这些物品处于不同的状态,很少或没有相关的文档。本文概述了将这些藏品整合在一个连贯框架内的过程,为其搬迁做准备,并具有更广泛的目标,即改善未来对这些藏品的访问和博物馆认证的潜力。这个过程被证明是一个具有挑战性的努力,随着更多的物体被定位和识别而发展。虽然本文中描述的许多步骤都是常规的,但本文旨在展示在一个历史上被秘密和误解(正确或错误)笼罩的机构内移动大量物品的旅程,以及在此过程中遇到的挑战。
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引用次数: 0
The Kuthodaw Pagoda, Myanmar: collaborative conservation of a UNESCO Memory of the World site 缅甸库托都塔:联合国教科文组织世界记忆遗址的合作保护
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2018-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/10344233.2018.1522779
W. Reade
The Kuthodaw Pagoda complex in Mandalay, Myanmar is listed on the UNESCO Memory of the World Register, valuable for its 729 marble stelae each housed in a white-washed mini-pagoda and inscribed with Theravāda Buddhist texts written in Pali, and known as the ‘World’s Biggest Book’. In 2013 Australia’s Nan Tien Institute, Wollongong, and the University of Sydney worked with the Myanmar Ministry of Culture, the Mandalay Department of Archaeology and the custodians of the Kuthodaw Pagoda site to conserve, photograph, digitise and make a freely available database for the study of the inscribed texts. This paper describes the collaborative conservation project that included condition assessment, documentation, conservation work to the stelae and site, local staff training, and provision of a practical maintenance plan. The successful development and execution of this preservation project was due to a productive cultural dialogue that was based on consultative discussion between all parties, willingness to co-operate, and consideration of Buddhist customs, traditional crafts, local practice, and the impact of visitors and natural agencies on the site.
缅甸曼德勒的Kuthodaw宝塔建筑群被列入联合国教科文组织世界记忆名录,因其729块大理石石碑而珍贵,每块石碑都坐落在一座白色的迷你宝塔中,上面刻有用巴利语书写的Theravāda佛教文本,被称为“世界上最大的书”。2013年,澳大利亚卧龙岗南天研究所和悉尼大学与缅甸文化部、曼德勒考古部和库托都塔遗址的保管人合作,对碑文进行了保护、拍照、数字化,并建立了一个免费的数据库,用于研究碑文。本文描述了合作保护项目,包括状况评估、文件、石碑和遗址的保护工作、当地工作人员培训以及提供实用的维护计划。这一保护项目的成功开发和执行归功于各方之间富有成效的文化对话,这种对话建立在各方协商讨论、合作意愿、佛教习俗、传统工艺、当地习俗以及游客和自然机构对遗址的影响的基础上。
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引用次数: 0
Environmental Guidelines—An Australian Perspective 环境指南——澳大利亚视角
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2018-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/10344233.2018.1489455
A. Pagliarino
In 2018, the Australian Institute for the Conservation of Cultural Material (AICCM) embarked on the ambitious Environmental Guidelines Project. As the project gets underway, the author looks back at the formative research undertaken by Emeritus Professor Colin Pearson from 1990 through to the early 2000s. His approach to the management of the collection environment was both culturally and environmentally aware and led to the development of climate-specific environmental guidelines and collection care strategies. In this paper, the author recounts personal reflections on Professor Pearson’s enlightened and progressive teaching and looks at the ongoing global debate on sustainable cultural heritage practices within the Australian context.
2018年,澳大利亚文化材料保护研究所(AICCM)启动了雄心勃勃的环境指南项目。随着该项目的开展,作者回顾了名誉教授科林·皮尔森从1990年到21世纪初进行的形成性研究。他对收集环境的管理方法具有文化和环境意识,并导致制定了针对气候的环境指南和收集护理战略。在这篇论文中,作者讲述了对皮尔森教授开明和进步的教学的个人反思,并着眼于澳大利亚背景下正在进行的关于可持续文化遗产实践的全球辩论。
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引用次数: 4
A microfading survey of the lightfastness of blue, black and red ballpoint pen inks in ambient and modified environments 蓝色、黑色和红色圆珠笔油墨在环境和改性环境中耐光性的缩微调查
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2018-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/10344233.2018.1515809
Bruce L. Ford
The lightfastness of approximately 100 randomly selected red, black and blue inks was surveyed using the microfade technique. The inks’ responses were recorded at 55% and at 1% relative humidity (RH) in air, and in a low oxygen environment (<10 ppm O2) at 55% RH. Their light sensitivity in air was highly unpredictable, ranging from the detection limit of the technique to several times greater than the most fugitive ISO Blue Wool Fading Standard (BW1). With very few exceptions, the response of blue and black inks was markedly suppressed in anoxia, and the opposite was true of a significant proportion of red inks tested. The correlation between RH and light-sensitivity in air was weak, with highly variable responses in both directions. The results show that it is not possible to make useful display (light exposure) recommendations for ballpoint pen inks without prior fade-testing.
使用缩微技术调查了大约100种随机选择的红色、黑色和蓝色油墨的耐光性。在空气中55%和1%的相对湿度(RH)以及低氧环境(<10 ppm O2)。它们在空气中的感光度是高度不可预测的,从该技术的检测极限到比最快的ISO蓝羊毛褪色标准(BW1)高出几倍。除了极少数例外,蓝色和黑色墨水在缺氧条件下的反应被显著抑制,而测试的大量红色墨水则相反。相对湿度和空气中的感光度之间的相关性很弱,在两个方向上的反应都高度可变。结果表明,如果没有事先的褪色测试,就不可能对圆珠笔墨水提出有用的显示(曝光)建议。
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引用次数: 4
For mutual benefit: cultural materials conservation and local government—a case study 互惠互利:文物保护与地方政府——个案研究
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2018-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/10344233.2018.1544328
R. Sloggett, Janelle Middleton
There are two challenges currently faced by communities in Australia in the protection and preservation of their cultural, historical and scientific heritage. An exploration of these serves as the basis for this paper. The first is the need to provide sustainable economic support for the preservation of built and movable cultural heritage. The second is the need to develop infrastructure that can support preservation activities. This paper examines how Bathurst Regional Council is addressing these significant issues. It examines the impetus for Council to develop a broader vision around its built and movable heritage and the strategic framework that is scaffolding current initiatives. This case study of Bathurst Regional Council’s response to the need to preserve, invest and best use its cultural heritage assets demonstrates why conservation partnerships are critical both for community development and for the development of the conservation profession.
澳大利亚各社区目前在保护和保存其文化、历史和科学遗产方面面临两项挑战。对这些问题的探讨是本文的基础。首先,需要为保护已建成和可移动的文化遗产提供可持续的经济支持。第二是需要发展能够支持保护活动的基础设施。本文探讨了巴瑟斯特地区议会如何解决这些重大问题。它探讨了推动理事会围绕其建筑和可移动遗产发展更广阔视野的动力,以及支撑当前倡议的战略框架。巴瑟斯特大区议会对保护、投资和最佳利用其文化遗产资产需求的回应案例研究表明,为什么保护伙伴关系对社区发展和保护专业的发展都至关重要。
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引用次数: 1
Pioneering collections conservation in the Asia-Pacific 1978–1998 A job well done 1978-1998亚太地区开创性的馆藏保护工作做得很好
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2018-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/10344233.2018.1544877
I. Cook
Colin Pearson was an internationalist. From his debuts as a metals scientist into a long and fruitful career in the field of conservation of cultural materials, he used his expertise internationally and made a significant contribution to the establishment of materials conservation in Southeast Asia and the Pacific. His role in the creation of the UNESCO Regional Conservation Centre in Canberra, to assist with the development of conservation in Southeast Asia and in the Pacific, and the assessment visits that he carried in partnership with UNESCO and ICCROM, were essential. Respecting and fostering local agency, long before this became part of the official heritage discourse, Colin and his institutional partners believed in building and nurturing relationships. This resulted in an international professional network, built through publications and numerous workshops delivered across Asia and the Pacific, with many of the students and colleagues becoming key actors in the regional conservation developments programs. It led to the establishment of regional centres that are today able to collaborate in further conservation training and projects. This article recounts Colin’s contribution to the first two decades of the Asian Pacific program and reflects on his vision for sustainable conservation centres throughout the region.
科林·皮尔逊是一位国际主义者。从他作为金属科学家的首次亮相到他在文化材料保护领域漫长而富有成果的职业生涯,他在国际上运用了自己的专业知识,为东南亚和太平洋地区建立材料保护做出了重大贡献。他在教科文组织堪培拉地区保护中心的创建中发挥了重要作用,以协助东南亚和太平洋地区的保护发展,并与教科文组织和ICCROM合作进行了评估访问。尊重和培养地方机构,早在这成为官方遗产讨论的一部分之前,科林和他的机构合作伙伴就相信建立和培养关系。这形成了一个国际专业网络,通过在亚洲和太平洋地区举办的出版物和众多研讨会建立起来,许多学生和同事成为区域保护发展计划的关键参与者。它促成了区域中心的建立,这些中心如今能够在进一步的保护培训和项目中进行合作。这篇文章讲述了科林对亚太计划头二十年的贡献,并反思了他对整个地区可持续保护中心的愿景。
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引用次数: 0
Editorial 编辑
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2018-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/10344233.2018.1553128
N. Tse
In  at the ICOM CC th Triennial Conference in Melbourne, Professor Colin Pearson established the AICCM award for the most ‘Outstanding Research in the Field of Material Conservation’ published in the AICCM Bulletin. Some three years later at the  AICCM National Conference in the Blue Mountains Sydney, a Gedenkschrift dedicated to Professor Colin Pearson celebrated his life and contribution to cultural materials conservation was organized by the then AICCM President, MaryJo Lelyveld. Colin, the ‘Father of the Conservation Profession in Australia’ had passed away the previous year, on  April . Friend and mentor to generations of conservators both in Australia and overseas his passing was keenly felt across the heritage sector and beyond (Lyall & Batterham ). In honour of the immense contribution that Colin made throughout his -year career, this memorial publication of the AICCM Bulletin is dedicated to Colin and captures the themes and papers explored during the Gedenkshcrift and the  AICCM National Conference. The papers exemplify Colin’s legacy and an Australian conservation profession that he valued. As such the focus of this volume . explores the areas important to Colin covering materials research in conservation, conservation education and training, preventive conservation and environmental guidelines, and conservation in the Asia Pacific. As considered in all the papers, Colin was very much central to the formative period (–) and growth period ( to the present) of conservation in Australia. We see this examined in Marcelle Scott’s paper ‘Professor Colin Pearson: one of the most versatile and capable conservators of his generation’ that considers Colin’s contributory role as an educator over the two periods. In  Colin joined the Canberra College of Advanced Education (CCAE) to establish a conservation training program, the first in Australia and one of earliest programs to include an ethnographic conservation specialization (Figure ). Under his tenure, the CCAE (later the University of Canberra) program offered courses at Bachelor, Master, and PhD levels graduating  students over its  year history (Figure ). Scott’s paper fleshes out the issues of ‘what an “ideal” conservation course might be’. The paper points out the challenges faced by Colin working across the University and professional contexts, and more importantly the ‘tensions between the need to prepare students for the future while wanting new graduates to be work-ready’. This is akin to managing diverse expectations while building disciplinary bodies of knowledge that are grounded by ethical and conceptual responsibilities to collections, culture and society. As such, Scott also recognizes that Colin may model what a future educator should look like and one that fully combines research, teaching and practice. In doing so, Colin ‘was able to construct such a rigorous, and internationally recognised and recognisable professional con
在里面 在ICOM CC在墨尔本举行的第三届三年一度的会议上,Colin Pearson教授设立了AICCM奖,以表彰《AICCM公报》上发表的最“材料保护领域的杰出研究”。大约三年后 在悉尼蓝山举行的AICCM全国会议上,时任AICCM主席MaryJo Lelyveld组织了一场献给Colin Pearson教授的Gedenkschrift活动,庆祝他的一生和对文化材料保护的贡献。“澳大利亚保护职业之父”科林于前一年去世 四月. 他是澳大利亚和海外几代保育员的朋友和导师,整个遗产部门和其他部门都深切感受到了他的去世(Lyall&Batterham). 为了纪念科林在他的一生中做出的巨大贡献-在这一年的职业生涯中,这本纪念性出版物《AICCM公报》是献给科林的,并捕捉到了在格登克什克里夫特和 AICCM全国会议。这些论文体现了科林的遗产和他所珍视的澳大利亚保护职业。因此,本卷的重点. 探索对Colin来说重要的领域,包括保护材料研究、保护教育和培训、预防性保护和环境指南以及亚太地区的保护。正如所有论文所认为的那样,科林在形成期是非常重要的(–) 和生长期( 到目前为止)。我们在Marcele Scott的论文《Colin Pearson教授:他这一代最多才多艺、最有能力的保育员之一》中看到了这一点,该论文认为Colin在这两个时期作为一名教育工作者所起的贡献作用。在里面 Colin加入了堪培拉高等教育学院(CCAE),建立了一个保护培训项目,这是澳大利亚第一个,也是最早包含民族志保护专业的项目之一(图). 在他的任期内,CCAE(后来的堪培拉大学)项目提供学士、硕士和博士毕业课程 学生们 年份历史(图). 斯科特的论文充实了“什么是“理想的”保护课程”的问题。该论文指出了科林在大学和专业环境中工作所面临的挑战,更重要的是,“需要让学生为未来做好准备,同时希望应届毕业生做好工作准备”。这类似于管理不同的期望,同时建立以对收藏、文化和社会的道德和概念责任为基础的学科知识体系。因此,斯科特也认识到,科林可能会塑造一个未来的教育家,一个将研究、教学和实践充分结合的教育家。在这样做的过程中,科林“能够构建一个如此严格、国际公认和认可的专业保护课程,既传统又创新”。在科林晚年,他谈到了建立相关性和可见性的必要性。Ian MacLeod的论文《对研究的贡献:Colin Pearson、AO、MBE、FTSE、FIIC、理学学士(荣誉)、理学硕士、博士》热烈赞扬了Colin的一长串奖项和学分。在里面 科林形象. Colin Pearson博士在担任弗里曼特尔材料保护部门负责人期间s、 图片来自西澳大利亚博物馆。
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引用次数: 0
Decision making, materiality and digitisation: Esteban Villanueva’s Basi Revolt Paintings of Ilocos 决策,物质性和数字化:埃斯特班·维拉纽瓦的伊洛科斯Basi起义绘画
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2018-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/10344233.2018.1543146
N. Tse, M. Soriano, A. Labrador, Roberto Balarbar
Esteban Villanueva’s fourteen 1821 paintings, the Basi Revolt Paintings of Ilocos, are valued for their representation of the conflict between the Spanish colonial administration and Filipino Ilocano insurgents. As pictorial documents representing the emergence of secular artistic practice in the Philippines, they possess significant social and historical narratives of national independence and the Ilocano’s strength of character. Damage, previous restorations and the effects of tropical climates have not been kind to the Basi Revolt paintings and their visual reading is complex. This paper reports on the technical and materials analysis of the paintings, documentation, digitisation and image analysis as a conservation model to broaden perspectives on knowledge acquisition in conservation. Conservation decision making in the Philippines is an additional focus of the paper, with an examination of localised values, and the trajectory and life of the paintings to inform conservation actions and creative processes.
埃斯特班·维拉纽瓦1821年的十四幅画作《伊洛科斯的巴斯起义画》因其描绘了西班牙殖民政府与菲律宾伊洛卡诺叛乱分子之间的冲突而受到重视。作为代表菲律宾世俗艺术实践兴起的图像文献,它们具有关于国家独立和伊洛卡诺人性格力量的重要社会和历史叙事。损坏、以前的修复和热带气候的影响对巴斯革命的绘画并不友好,它们的视觉解读也很复杂。本文报告了绘画的技术和材料分析、文献、数字化和图像分析,作为一种保护模式,以拓宽保护中知识获取的视角。菲律宾的保护决策是本文的另一个重点,研究了当地的价值观,以及画作的轨迹和生命,为保护行动和创作过程提供信息。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
AICCM Bulletin
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