Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107496
A. Bolarin, J. Berndtson, F. Tejerina, S. Cobos, C. Pomarino, F. D’Alessio, H. Blackburn, K. Kaeoket
{"title":"Boar semen cryopreservation: state of the art, and international trade vision","authors":"A. Bolarin, J. Berndtson, F. Tejerina, S. Cobos, C. Pomarino, F. D’Alessio, H. Blackburn, K. Kaeoket","doi":"10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107496","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7880,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141037019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-30DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107486
Dagmar Waberski, Anne-Marie Luther
Storage of boar semen at 5 °C instead of the conventional temperature of 17 °C is an innovative preservation concept. It enhances protection against the growth of bacteria normally occurring in the ejaculates and potential drug-resistant contaminants from the environment. Thereby it allows the reduction or even elimination of antibiotics in porcine semen extenders. The present article reviews the current state of the low-temperature preservation approach of boar semen, with a special focus on antimicrobial efficiency and fertility in field insemination trials. Particularly the role of semen extenders and temperature management for the achievement of high fertility and biosecurity are elucidated. Insemination data of 1,841 sows in there different countries revealed equally high farrowing rates and litter sizes of semen stored at 5 °C compared to the controls stored at 17 °C. Microbiology data obtained from semen doses spiked with multi-drug resistant bacteria showed the efficiency of the cold semen storage for inhibiting the growth of Serratia marcescens, a bacterial species with high sperm-toxicity. Evolving concepts on the physiological role of the male reproductive microbiome for female fertility provides a further argument against the complete eradication of bacteria in the semen dose by antibiotic additives to the extenders. Finally, motivation and practical considerations for the use of the novel preservation tool in artificial insemination of pigs are revealed, which might encourage the transformation towards a sustainable production of boar semen doses following the One Health approach.
将公猪精液储存在 5 °C,而不是传统的 17 °C,是一种创新的保存理念。它能增强对射精中正常存在的细菌和环境中潜在的抗药性污染物的保护。因此,它可以减少甚至消除猪精液添加剂中的抗生素。本文回顾了公猪精液低温保存方法的现状,特别关注野外授精试验中的抗菌效率和繁殖力。文章特别阐明了精液延长剂和温度管理对实现高繁殖力和生物安全的作用。来自不同国家的 1,841 头母猪的授精数据显示,与在 17 °C 下储存的对照组相比,在 5 °C 下储存的精液具有同样高的产仔率和产仔数。从添加了耐多药细菌的精液剂量中获得的微生物学数据显示,低温精液储藏可有效抑制具有高精子毒性的沙雷氏菌的生长。男性生殖微生物群对女性生育能力的生理作用这一概念的不断发展,进一步证明了在精液添加剂中添加抗生素并不能完全消灭精液中的细菌。最后,还揭示了在猪人工授精中使用这种新型保存工具的动机和实际考虑因素,这可能会鼓励公猪精液剂量的可持续生产向 "一体健康 "方法转变。
{"title":"Boar semen storage at 5 °C for the reduction of antibiotic use in pig insemination: Pathways from science into practice.","authors":"Dagmar Waberski, Anne-Marie Luther","doi":"10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107486","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Storage of boar semen at 5 °C instead of the conventional temperature of 17 °C is an innovative preservation concept. It enhances protection against the growth of bacteria normally occurring in the ejaculates and potential drug-resistant contaminants from the environment. Thereby it allows the reduction or even elimination of antibiotics in porcine semen extenders. The present article reviews the current state of the low-temperature preservation approach of boar semen, with a special focus on antimicrobial efficiency and fertility in field insemination trials. Particularly the role of semen extenders and temperature management for the achievement of high fertility and biosecurity are elucidated. Insemination data of 1,841 sows in there different countries revealed equally high farrowing rates and litter sizes of semen stored at 5 °C compared to the controls stored at 17 °C. Microbiology data obtained from semen doses spiked with multi-drug resistant bacteria showed the efficiency of the cold semen storage for inhibiting the growth of Serratia marcescens, a bacterial species with high sperm-toxicity. Evolving concepts on the physiological role of the male reproductive microbiome for female fertility provides a further argument against the complete eradication of bacteria in the semen dose by antibiotic additives to the extenders. Finally, motivation and practical considerations for the use of the novel preservation tool in artificial insemination of pigs are revealed, which might encourage the transformation towards a sustainable production of boar semen doses following the One Health approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":7880,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140848357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-30DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107493
Anders Johannisson , Jane M. Morrell , Margareta Wallgren
Not all boar sperm samples survive cryopreservation well. A method of eliminating damaged sperm might enable more cryopreserved boar semen to be used for pig breeding. In this study we investigated the use of Magnetic Activated Cell sorting (MACS) to eliminate damaged sperm from thawed boar semen samples. The thawed samples were mixed with Dead cell removal particles and were applied to the column in a SuperMACS II. Different fractions were collected: Original sample (O), Flow-through (FT), and Eluate (E). Sperm membrane integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential and reactive oxygen species were evaluated by flow cytometry after staining with SYBR 14 and propidium iodide, or 5′, 6, 6′-tetrachloro-1, 1′, 3, 3′-tetraethylbenzimidazolylcarbocyanine iodide, or hydroethidine and dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, respectively. The FT samples had increased membrane integrity, a greater proportion of sperm with high mitochondrial membrane potential and a greater proportion of sperm negative for hydrogen peroxide than O samples (P<0.0001), which in turn had increased membrane integrity than E samples (P <0.0001). However, differences were seen between boars. The FT samples had increased values of live, superoxide positive sperm than O samples (P <0.0001) and O samples had greater values than E samples (P <0.0001), while there was no effect of boar. Sperm quality was best in the FT fraction, comprising approximately 32% of the sperm sample. In conclusion, although there were differences between boars, MACS separation can improve sperm quality in thawed semen samples. It would be interesting to see if this improvement is reflected in fertility outcomes.
并非所有公猪精子样本都能很好地冷冻保存。一种消除受损精子的方法可使更多冷冻保存的公猪精液用于种猪繁殖。在这项研究中,我们研究了使用磁激活细胞分拣技术(MACS)消除解冻公猪精液样本中受损精子的方法。解冻后的样本与去死皮细胞颗粒混合后,进入超级磁性细胞分拣系统 II 的色谱柱。收集不同的馏分:原始样品(O)、流出液(FT)和洗脱液(E)。分别用 SYBR 14 和碘化丙啶,或 5′、6、6′-四氯-1、1′、3、3′-四乙基苯并咪唑羰花青碘化物,或氢化乙锭碱和二氯二氢荧光素二乙酸酯染色后,用流式细胞仪评估精子膜完整性、线粒体膜电位和活性氧。与 O 样品相比,FT 样品的膜完整性增加,线粒体膜电位高的精子比例增加,过氧化氢阴性的精子比例增加(P<0.0001),而 O 样品的膜完整性又比 E 样品增加(P<0.0001)。然而,公猪之间也存在差异。FT 样品的活精子、超氧化物阳性精子的数值比 O 样品高(P <0.0001),O 样品的数值比 E 样品高(P <0.0001),而公猪没有影响。FT部分的精子质量最好,约占精子样本的32%。总之,尽管公猪之间存在差异,但 MACS 分离能提高解冻精液样本的精子质量。我们有兴趣了解这种改善是否反映在生育结果上。
{"title":"Enrichment of thawed boar spermatozoa with an intact membrane using Magnetic Activated Cell Sorting","authors":"Anders Johannisson , Jane M. Morrell , Margareta Wallgren","doi":"10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107493","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Not all boar sperm samples survive cryopreservation well. A method of eliminating damaged sperm might enable more cryopreserved boar semen to be used for pig breeding. In this study we investigated the use of Magnetic Activated Cell sorting (MACS) to eliminate damaged sperm from thawed boar semen samples. The thawed samples were mixed with Dead cell removal particles and were applied to the column in a SuperMACS II. Different fractions were collected: Original sample (O), Flow-through (FT), and Eluate (E). Sperm membrane integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential and reactive oxygen species were evaluated by flow cytometry after staining with SYBR 14 and propidium iodide, or 5′, 6, 6′-tetrachloro-1, 1′, 3, 3′-tetraethylbenzimidazolylcarbocyanine iodide, or hydroethidine and dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, respectively. The FT samples had increased membrane integrity, a greater proportion of sperm with high mitochondrial membrane potential and a greater proportion of sperm negative for hydrogen peroxide than O samples (<em>P</em><0.0001), which in turn had increased membrane integrity than E samples (<em>P</em> <0.0001). However, differences were seen between boars. The FT samples had increased values of live, superoxide positive sperm than O samples (<em>P</em> <0.0001) and O samples had greater values than E samples (<em>P</em> <0.0001), while there was no effect of boar. Sperm quality was best in the FT fraction, comprising approximately 32% of the sperm sample. In conclusion, although there were differences between boars, MACS separation can improve sperm quality in thawed semen samples. It would be interesting to see if this improvement is reflected in fertility outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7880,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140825317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cryopreservation of small ruminant’s semen is an effective strategy for distributing spermatozoa for reproductive programs, but this process decreases the fertility potential of post-thawed spermatozoa. The aim of this research was to assess the effect of different concentrations of CoQ10 in soybean lecithin (SL)-based extender on buck semen quality during cryopreservation process. Semen samples were collected from five bucks, twice a week, then diluted in the SL-based extender containing different concentrations of CoQ10 as follows: extender containing 0 µM (control, Q0), 0.1 µM (Q0.1), 1 µM (Q1), 10 µM (Q10) and 100 µM (Q100) CoQ10. Motion characteristics, membrane functionality, abnormal morphology, mitochondrial activity, acrosome integrity, viability, apoptotic-like changes, lipid peroxidation, DNA fragmentation and ROS concentration were evaluated after freeze-thawing process. The Q10 resulted in greater (P≤0.05) total motility, progressive motility, average path velocity, membrane integrity, mitochondrial activity, acrosome integrity and viability compared to the other groups. Furthermore, supplementation of freezing extender with 10 µM of CoQ10 presented lower (P≤0.05) apoptotic-like changes, lipid peroxidation, DNA fragmentation and ROS concentration compared to the other groups. Regarding to the protective effect of CoQ10 supplement during cryopreservation process, it could be explored as a potent antioxidant for cryopreservation of buck semen as it preserved the post-thawed buck sperm quality.
{"title":"Coenzyme Q10 preserves buck’s sperm quality during cryopreservation process in plant-based extender","authors":"Behbood Khazravi , Mahdi Khodaei-Motlagh , Reza Masoudi , Mohammad Yahyaei","doi":"10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107487","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cryopreservation of small ruminant’s semen is an effective strategy for distributing spermatozoa for reproductive programs, but this process decreases the fertility potential of post-thawed spermatozoa. The aim of this research was to assess the effect of different concentrations of CoQ10 in soybean lecithin (SL)-based extender on buck semen quality during cryopreservation process. Semen samples were collected from five bucks, twice a week, then diluted in the SL-based extender containing different concentrations of CoQ10 as follows: extender containing 0 µM (control, Q0), 0.1 µM (Q0.1), 1 µM (Q1), 10 µM (Q10) and 100 µM (Q100) CoQ10. Motion characteristics, membrane functionality, abnormal morphology, mitochondrial activity, acrosome integrity, viability, apoptotic-like changes, lipid peroxidation, DNA fragmentation and ROS concentration were evaluated after freeze-thawing process. The Q10 resulted in greater (<em>P</em>≤0.05) total motility, progressive motility, average path velocity, membrane integrity, mitochondrial activity, acrosome integrity and viability compared to the other groups. Furthermore, supplementation of freezing extender with 10 µM of CoQ10 presented lower (<em>P</em>≤0.05) apoptotic-like changes, lipid peroxidation, DNA fragmentation and ROS concentration compared to the other groups. Regarding to the protective effect of CoQ10 supplement during cryopreservation process, it could be explored as a potent antioxidant for cryopreservation of buck semen as it preserved the post-thawed buck sperm quality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7880,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140894937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-26DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107488
George A. Perry , Thomas H. Welsh Jr.
The beef industry relies on multiple focused segments (e.g., cow-calf, stocker/feeder, and meat packing) to supply the world with beef. Thus, the potential impact of developmental programming on the beef industry needs to be evaluated with regards to the different production traits that drive profitability within each segment. For example, when nutrient restriction of dams occurred early in gestation embryo survival was decreased and the ovarian reserve of heifer progeny was negatively affected. Restriction during mid- to late gestation negatively impacted first service conception rates and pregnancy success of daughters. Even non-nutrient stress has been reported to impact transgenerational embryo development through the male progeny. Primary and secondary muscle fibers form during months two to eight (Days 60–240) of gestation. Therefore, external stimuli (nutrition or environmental) during this window have the potential to decrease the postnatal number of muscle fibers; which has an irreversible impact on animal growth and performance. Nutrient restriction during the last third of gestation resulted in decreased weaning weights, and in some instances decreased dry mater intake, hot carcass weight, and marbling scores. Protein supplementation during late gestation; however, increased weaning weight and ADG to weaning, but progeny of dams restricted in protein in late gestation had greater ribeye area. The importance of developmental programming is recognized; however, its precise application depends on comprehension of its integrated effects across the multiple-focused segments of the beef industry.
{"title":"The importance of developmental programming in the beef industry","authors":"George A. Perry , Thomas H. Welsh Jr.","doi":"10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107488","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The beef industry relies on multiple focused segments (e.g., cow-calf, stocker/feeder, and meat packing) to supply the world with beef. Thus, the potential impact of developmental programming on the beef industry needs to be evaluated with regards to the different production traits that drive profitability within each segment. For example, when nutrient restriction of dams occurred early in gestation embryo survival was decreased and the ovarian reserve of heifer progeny was negatively affected. Restriction during mid- to late gestation negatively impacted first service conception rates and pregnancy success of daughters. Even non-nutrient stress has been reported to impact transgenerational embryo development through the male progeny. Primary and secondary muscle fibers form during months two to eight (Days 60–240) of gestation. Therefore, external stimuli (nutrition or environmental) during this window have the potential to decrease the postnatal number of muscle fibers; which has an irreversible impact on animal growth and performance. Nutrient restriction during the last third of gestation resulted in decreased weaning weights, and in some instances decreased dry mater intake, hot carcass weight, and marbling scores. Protein supplementation during late gestation; however, increased weaning weight and ADG to weaning, but progeny of dams restricted in protein in late gestation had greater ribeye area. The importance of developmental programming is recognized; however, its precise application depends on comprehension of its integrated effects across the multiple-focused segments of the beef industry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7880,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140825316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-22DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107478
Romário P. Santos, Samara S.J. Moreira, Luana G.P. Bezerra, Yasmim C.S. Cavalcante, Ana G. Pereira, Tayná M. Matos, Moacir F. Oliveira, Alexandre R. Silva
To assist in the conservation of collared peccary, it is important to strengthen semen processing protocols. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of different commercial extenders (BTS; NUTRIXcell+ and PRIMXcell Ultra) and TRIS + egg yolk on the functional and morphological aspects of collared peccary semen stored at 17 °C for 48 hours. Ten ejaculates obtained by electroejaculation were divided into 4 aliquots and diluted in the respective extenders, then stored in a biological incubator at 17 °C for 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours. The samples were evaluated for kinetic parameters, membrane functionality, membrane integrity, mitochondrial activity, morphology, and sperm-binding capacity. At the end of storage (48 h), promising results were found for motility parameters, with TRIS + egg yolk (71.0 ± 4.6%) being more efficient than NUTRIXcell+ (38.9 ± 10.9%) (P < 0.05) and similar to BTS (42.9 ± 11.9%) and PRIMXcell Ultra (46.8 ± 10.8%). The results for membrane integrity and mitochondrial activity were around ∼30–50%, with TRIS being the only extender to preserve both parameters (58.9 ± 5.3 and 59.2 ± 5.6%) for up to 48 hours, respectively (P < 0.05). Finally, the extenders could guarantee 60% membrane functionality and ∼ 60–70% normal sperm morphology, as well as similar binding capacity among the groups. In conclusion, TRIS + egg yolk is effective in preserving the sperm parameters of collared peccary semen at 17 °C for 48 hours, while PRIMXcell Ultra and BTS are viable alternatives for this purpose.
{"title":"Comparison between commercial media and TRIS-egg yolk extender in the refrigerated storage of collared peccary semen at 17 °C","authors":"Romário P. Santos, Samara S.J. Moreira, Luana G.P. Bezerra, Yasmim C.S. Cavalcante, Ana G. Pereira, Tayná M. Matos, Moacir F. Oliveira, Alexandre R. Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107478","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To assist in the conservation of collared peccary, it is important to strengthen semen processing protocols. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of different commercial extenders (BTS; NUTRIXcell+ and PRIMXcell Ultra) and TRIS + egg yolk on the functional and morphological aspects of collared peccary semen stored at 17 °C for 48 hours. Ten ejaculates obtained by electroejaculation were divided into 4 aliquots and diluted in the respective extenders, then stored in a biological incubator at 17 °C for 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours. The samples were evaluated for kinetic parameters, membrane functionality, membrane integrity, mitochondrial activity, morphology, and sperm-binding capacity. At the end of storage (48 h), promising results were found for motility parameters, with TRIS + egg yolk (71.0 ± 4.6%) being more efficient than NUTRIXcell+ (38.9 ± 10.9%) (P < 0.05) and similar to BTS (42.9 ± 11.9%) and PRIMXcell Ultra (46.8 ± 10.8%). The results for membrane integrity and mitochondrial activity were around ∼30–50%, with TRIS being the only extender to preserve both parameters (58.9 ± 5.3 and 59.2 ± 5.6%) for up to 48 hours, respectively (P < 0.05). Finally, the extenders could guarantee 60% membrane functionality and ∼ 60–70% normal sperm morphology, as well as similar binding capacity among the groups. In conclusion, TRIS + egg yolk is effective in preserving the sperm parameters of collared peccary semen at 17 °C for 48 hours, while PRIMXcell Ultra and BTS are viable alternatives for this purpose.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7880,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140639314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-18DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107477
David O. Kleemann , Jennifer M. Kelly , Kimberley M. Foyster , Alyce M. Swinbourne , Alice C. Weaver , Simon K. Walker
The success of fixed - time artificial insemination (AI) in the ewe is variable due to poor synchrony of estrus. We examined the effects of long-term nutrition (LTN; low, medium, high - 6 months), short-term nutrition (STN; 1.0 M, 1.5 M – 14 days) and progesterone supplementation (P; single pessary, replacement on Day 9) on synchrony and reproductive outcomes. High LTN advanced (P < 0.05) estrus, increased (P = 0.06) pregnancy (range 71.1 – 81.1%) and improved (P < 0.01) litter size (range 1.30 – 1.50). STN increased (P < 0.05) pregnancy (79.0 versus 72.3%) but not litter size or timing of estrus. A LTN x STN interaction (P < 0.01) for time of estrus indicates that the effects of LTN were moderated by STN depending on the level of LTN. Pessary replacement delayed (P < 0.05) the onset of estrus, improved synchrony but did not affect pregnancy or litter size. High LTN increased (P < 0.05) the number of large (≥ 3.8 mm) and medium - size follicles (2.0 – 3.7 mm) but the diameter of large follicles tended to be reduced (P = 0.08) on Day 12. STN did not affect follicle number or size whilst P reduced (P < 0.05) the diameter of large follicles on Day 12 (4.83 versus 5.10 mm) and increased the number of medium – size follicles (3.56 versus 2.74 mm). In conclusion, both LTN and STN are major sources of variability in AI programs whilst pessary replacement has potential to reduce variability.
{"title":"Effects of short and long – term nutrition and progesterone supplementation on the success of fixed – time artificial insemination in the ewe","authors":"David O. Kleemann , Jennifer M. Kelly , Kimberley M. Foyster , Alyce M. Swinbourne , Alice C. Weaver , Simon K. Walker","doi":"10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107477","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The success of fixed - time artificial insemination (AI) in the ewe is variable due to poor synchrony of estrus. We examined the effects of long-term nutrition (LTN; low, medium, high - 6 months), short-term nutrition (STN; 1.0 M, 1.5 M – 14 days) and progesterone supplementation (P; single pessary, replacement on Day 9) on synchrony and reproductive outcomes. High LTN advanced (<em>P</em> < 0.05) estrus, increased (<em>P</em> = 0.06) pregnancy (range 71.1 – 81.1%) and improved (<em>P</em> < 0.01) litter size (range 1.30 – 1.50). STN increased (<em>P</em> < 0.05) pregnancy (79.0 versus 72.3%) but not litter size or timing of estrus. A LTN x STN interaction (<em>P</em> < 0.01) for time of estrus indicates that the effects of LTN were moderated by STN depending on the level of LTN. Pessary replacement delayed (<em>P</em> < 0.05) the onset of estrus, improved synchrony but did not affect pregnancy or litter size. High LTN increased (<em>P</em> < 0.05) the number of large (≥ 3.8 mm) and medium - size follicles (2.0 – 3.7 mm) but the diameter of large follicles tended to be reduced (<em>P</em> = 0.08) on Day 12. STN did not affect follicle number or size whilst P reduced (<em>P</em> < 0.05) the diameter of large follicles on Day 12 (4.83 versus 5.10 mm) and increased the number of medium – size follicles (3.56 versus 2.74 mm). In conclusion, both LTN and STN are major sources of variability in AI programs whilst pessary replacement has potential to reduce variability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7880,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140644129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-15DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107475
Lucas Gomes Da Silva , Luana Gomes Da Silva , Luiz Carlos Louzada Ferreira , Julia Mascarello , Joao Gabriel Nascimento Moraes , Matthew C. Lucy , Ériklis Nogueira
A greater understanding of factors influencing fertility is essential to improve pregnancy rates and reduce the occurrence of embryonic mortality in beef herds. The objective of the current study was to evaluate retrospective data of pregnancy per artificial insemination (P/AI) and pregnancy loss in Nelore females subjected to timed-AI (TAI) in Brazil. Data from 40,104 TAI collected from six breeding seasons (2016–2022) were analyzed, and the effects of animal category (e.g., classification based on age and parity), farm, month of parturition, sire, sire breed (Nelore vs Angus), estrus expression at TAI, animal temperament, and body condition scores (BCS) were evaluated. P/AI and pregnancy loss were affected (P < 0.001) by animal category. There was also an effect of farm (P = 0.0013) on P/AI and pregnancy loss (P = 0.001), as P/AI ranged from 49.28% and 55.58% and pregnancy loss from 3.37% to 6.89% across the herds evaluated. Month of parturition also affected (P < 0.001) P/AI and was higher for cows that became pregnant at the beginning of the previous breeding season. Calmer animals, presenting lower velocity scores while exiting the chute following TAI, achieved higher P/AI (P < 0.001). Lower BCS at TAI was associated (P < 0.001) with increased pregnancy loss, and BCS gain following AI was associated (P < 0.001) with reduced rates of embryonic mortality. There was a major effect (P < 0.001) of sire on P/AI and pregnancy loss, as P/AI ranged from 11% to 79%, and embryonic mortality from 0% to 40% for the bulls used in the study, highlighting the importance of the sire fertility on overall pregnancy success. Results from the current study reinforce the idea that animal age and parity at the beginning of the breeding season, BCS at the onset of estrous synchronization, BCS gain following AI, estrus expression at TAI, sire, and month of parturition are important factors influencing P/AI and rates of embryonic mortality in beef herds.
{"title":"Factors influencing pregnancy per artificial insemination (AI) and embryonic mortality in Nelore females subjected to timed-AI in Brazil","authors":"Lucas Gomes Da Silva , Luana Gomes Da Silva , Luiz Carlos Louzada Ferreira , Julia Mascarello , Joao Gabriel Nascimento Moraes , Matthew C. Lucy , Ériklis Nogueira","doi":"10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107475","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A greater understanding of factors influencing fertility is essential to improve pregnancy rates and reduce the occurrence of embryonic mortality in beef herds. The objective of the current study was to evaluate retrospective data of pregnancy per artificial insemination (P/AI) and pregnancy loss in Nelore females subjected to timed-AI (TAI) in Brazil. Data from 40,104 TAI collected from six breeding seasons (2016–2022) were analyzed, and the effects of animal category (e.g., classification based on age and parity), farm, month of parturition, sire, sire breed (Nelore vs Angus), estrus expression at TAI, animal temperament, and body condition scores (BCS) were evaluated. P/AI and pregnancy loss were affected (<em>P</em> < 0.001) by animal category. There was also an effect of farm (<em>P</em> = 0.0013) on P/AI and pregnancy loss (<em>P =</em> 0.001), as P/AI ranged from 49.28% and 55.58% and pregnancy loss from 3.37% to 6.89% across the herds evaluated. Month of parturition also affected (<em>P</em> < 0.001) <em>P/</em>AI and was higher for cows that became pregnant at the beginning of the previous breeding season. Calmer animals, presenting lower velocity scores while exiting the chute following TAI, achieved higher P/AI (<em>P</em> < 0.001). Lower BCS at TAI was associated (<em>P</em> < 0.001) with increased pregnancy loss, and BCS gain following AI was associated (<em>P</em> < 0.001) with reduced rates of embryonic mortality. There was a major effect (<em>P <</em> 0.001) of sire on P/AI and pregnancy loss, as P/AI ranged from 11% to 79%, and embryonic mortality from 0% to 40% for the bulls used in the study, highlighting the importance of the sire fertility on overall pregnancy success. Results from the current study reinforce the idea that animal age and parity at the beginning of the breeding season, BCS at the onset of estrous synchronization, BCS gain following AI, estrus expression at TAI, sire, and month of parturition are important factors influencing P/AI and rates of embryonic mortality in beef herds.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7880,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140639355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mola carplet (Amblypharyngodon mola) is one of the most popular small fish species of the Indian subcontinent. There are limited studies on captive breeding of this species, which is important for aquaculture and the conservation prospects of this species. The conventional induced breeding method using an inducing agent (GnRHa and dopamine antagonist) is one of the most effective and prevalent methods of breeding fish. It is a laborious and time-consuming process, particularly in mass fish breeding and in lieu of that, a less time-consuming method - sympathetic induction of the broodstock, is used in some regions of India, particularly in big carp fish. However, this method has not been reported in commercial-scale breeding of small indigenous fish species. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to compare the spawning efficiency of Amblypharyngodon mola bred by sympathetic induction with the conventional complete induced breeding method. The spawning performance in terms of latency period, relative fecundity, fertilization rate, incubation period, and hatching rates of sympathetically induced Amblypharyngodon mola were compared to completely induced Amblypharyngodon mola brooders. Although the latency period (7.8 hrs), relative fecundity (39 nos./g), fertilization rates (81.61%) and spawning efficiency coefficient (0.681) were better in conventionally induced fish, but lower post-spawning mortality (1.29%) and better hatching rates (86.21%) were observed in sympathetically induced fish. The results indicate that quality offspring of Amblypharyngodon mola could be obtained in terms of survivability through sympathetic breeding. Sympathetic induction breeding could be a cost-effective, convenient, time-saving method of mass-scale breeding and aquaculture of Amblypharyngodon mola.
{"title":"Can sympathetic induction be a convenient technique for breeding Amblypharyngodon mola (Hamilton, 1822)?","authors":"Sanayaima Singha , Shivendra Kumar , Kalpajit Gogoi , Pabitra Kumar Saharia , Rajdeep Dutta , Arnab Narayan Patowary , Sangipran Baishya , Kaustubh Bhagawati , Biswajyoti Bordoloi , Dipak Kumar Sarma","doi":"10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107473","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mola carplet (<em>Amblypharyngodon mola</em>) is one of the most popular small fish species of the Indian subcontinent. There are limited studies on captive breeding of this species, which is important for aquaculture and the conservation prospects of this species. The conventional induced breeding method using an inducing agent (GnRHa and dopamine antagonist) is one of the most effective and prevalent methods of breeding fish. It is a laborious and time-consuming process, particularly in mass fish breeding and in lieu of that, a less time-consuming method - sympathetic induction of the broodstock, is used in some regions of India, particularly in big carp fish. However, this method has not been reported in commercial-scale breeding of small indigenous fish species. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to compare the spawning efficiency of <em>Amblypharyngodon mola</em> bred by sympathetic induction with the conventional complete induced breeding method. The spawning performance in terms of latency period, relative fecundity, fertilization rate, incubation period, and hatching rates of sympathetically induced <em>Amblypharyngodon mola</em> were compared to completely induced <em>Amblypharyngodon mola</em> brooders. Although the latency period (7.8 hrs), relative fecundity (39 nos./g), fertilization rates (81.61%) and spawning efficiency coefficient (0.681) were better in conventionally induced fish, but lower post-spawning mortality (1.29%) and better hatching rates (86.21%) were observed in sympathetically induced fish. The results indicate that quality offspring of <em>Amblypharyngodon mola</em> could be obtained in terms of survivability through sympathetic breeding. Sympathetic induction breeding could be a cost-effective, convenient, time-saving method of mass-scale breeding and aquaculture of <em>Amblypharyngodon mola</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7880,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140554397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-15DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107474
Jimena Fernández , María Macarena Bruno-Galarraga , Marcela Isabel Cueto , Nadia Bonadeo , Ulises Notaro , Andrés Telésforo Soto , Rodolfo Luzbel de la Sota , Natalia Raquel Salvetti , Carolina Paula Bianchi , Carolina Cristina , Hugo Héctor Ortega , Alejandro Eduardo Gibbons , Isabel María Lacau-Mengido
This study investigated the effect of hCG or GnRH on structural changes of the corpora lutea (CL) and the regulation of the expression of steroidogenic enzymes involved in P4 secretion in post-ovulatory (po-CL) and accessory CL (acc-CL). Sixty-four ewes were assigned to three groups receiving: 300 IU of hCG (hCG) or 4 µg Buserelin (GnRH) or 1 mL of saline solution (Control) on Day (d) 4 post artificial insemination (FTAI). Laparoscopic ovarian were performed on d 4, 14 and, 21 post-FTAI to determine the numbers of CL. Blood samples were collected for serum LH and P4 analysis. On d 14 post-FTAI, both CL were removed from the ovary to determine large luteal cell (LLC) number and to evaluate the expression of steroidogenic enzymes (HSD3B1, STAR, CYP11A1). Only hCG and GnRH treated ewes generated acc-CL. The LLC in both po- and acc-CL were significantly greater in the hCG group compared to GnRH and Control groups (P<0.05). Overall, hCG group showed the greatest immunodetection of HSD3B1and STAR in both po- and acc-CL (P<0.05). rnRNA expression of HSD3B1, STAR and CYP11A1 in the acc-CL tended to be greater in hCG group than in GnRH group (P<0.1). The LH concentration was increased in GnRH group (P<0.05) and P4 concentration was greater in hCG group compared to the other groups (P<0.05). In conclusion, administration of hCG has a notably impact on acc-CL development and the expression of steroidogenic enzymes compared to GnRH treatment in ewes. This leads to elevated P4 concentration and improved luteal function.
{"title":"Changes on corpus luteum structure and progesterone synthesis pathway after hCG or GnRH treatment during the early luteal phase in sheep","authors":"Jimena Fernández , María Macarena Bruno-Galarraga , Marcela Isabel Cueto , Nadia Bonadeo , Ulises Notaro , Andrés Telésforo Soto , Rodolfo Luzbel de la Sota , Natalia Raquel Salvetti , Carolina Paula Bianchi , Carolina Cristina , Hugo Héctor Ortega , Alejandro Eduardo Gibbons , Isabel María Lacau-Mengido","doi":"10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107474","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigated the effect of hCG or GnRH on structural changes of the corpora lutea (CL) and the regulation of the expression of steroidogenic enzymes involved in P<sub>4</sub> secretion in post-ovulatory (po-CL) and accessory CL (acc-CL). Sixty-four ewes were assigned to three groups receiving: 300 IU of hCG (hCG) or 4 µg Buserelin (GnRH) or 1 mL of saline solution (Control) on Day (d) 4 post artificial insemination (FTAI). Laparoscopic ovarian were performed on d 4, 14 and, 21 post-FTAI to determine the numbers of CL. Blood samples were collected for serum LH and P<sub>4</sub> analysis. On d 14 post-FTAI, both CL were removed from the ovary to determine large luteal cell (LLC) number and to evaluate the expression of steroidogenic enzymes (HSD3B1, STAR, CYP11A1). Only hCG and GnRH treated ewes generated acc-CL. The LLC in both po- and acc-CL were significantly greater in the hCG group compared to GnRH and Control groups (<em>P</em><0.05). Overall, hCG group showed the greatest immunodetection of HSD3B1and STAR in both po- and acc-CL (<em>P</em><0.05). rnRNA expression of HSD3B1, STAR and CYP11A1 in the acc-CL tended to be greater in hCG group than in GnRH group (<em>P</em><0.1). The LH concentration was increased in GnRH group (<em>P</em><0.05) and P<sub>4</sub> concentration was greater in hCG group compared to the other groups (<em>P</em><0.05). In conclusion, administration of hCG has a notably impact on acc-CL development and the expression of steroidogenic enzymes compared to GnRH treatment in ewes. This leads to elevated P<sub>4</sub> concentration and improved luteal function.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7880,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140639313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}