Animal Reproduction Science最新文献

Characterizing pregnancy losses in lactating Holstein cows receiving a fixed-timed artificial insemination protocol 接受固定时间人工授精方案的荷斯坦泌乳奶牛的妊娠损失特征。

IF 2.2 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Reproduction Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107644

A.K. Munhoz , R.F. Cooke , C.P. Prado , S.K. Munhoz , M.C.G. de Sousa , V.M.P. da Silva , K.G. Pohler , B.I. Cappellozza , J.L.M. Vasconcelos

This experiment assessed pregnancy losses from day 31 of gestation to calving in lactating Holstein cows reared in tropical conditions, and evaluated if serum concentrations of haptoglobin and pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs) during early gestation differs according to pregnancy losses. Cows (708 primiparous and 844 multiparous) were assigned to an ovulation synchronization + fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) protocol (day −11–0 of the experiment). Pregnancy status was verified using transrectal ultrasonography on days 31, 62, 120, and according to calf birth. Blood samples were collected from all cows on day 24, and from cows diagnosed as pregnant on day 31. Pregnancy losses were greater (P < 0.01) from day 31–62 (12.8 %) and day 120 to calving (12.1 %) compared with day 62–120 (6.42 %). Pregnancy losses were greater in multiparous compared with primiparous cows from day 31–62 (17.1 vs. 9.5 %) and from 120 to calving (15.4 vs. 7.7 %). Serum PAGs concentrations on day 31 were less (P ≤ 0.03) in cows that lost the pregnancy from day 31–62 (3.57 ng/mL) and from day 62–120 (4.40 ng/mL) compared to cows that maintained the pregnancy (5.57 and 5.66 ng/mL, respectively). Cows that experienced pregnancy loss from day 31–62 had greater (P = 0.05) serum haptoglobin concentrations on day 24 (0.414 mg/mL) compared with cows that maintained the pregnancy (0.271 mg/mL). Collectively, this experiment provides novel information about pregnancy losses after day 31 of gestation in lactating Holstein cows reared in tropical environments.

本实验评估了在热带条件下饲养的泌乳荷斯坦奶牛从妊娠第31天到产犊期间的妊娠损失，并评估了妊娠早期血清中的血红蛋白和妊娠相关糖蛋白（PAGs）浓度是否因妊娠损失而有所不同。708头初产母牛和844头多产母牛被分配到排卵同步化+固定时间人工授精（FTAI）方案中（实验的第-11-0天）。第 31 天、第 62 天、第 120 天以及犊牛出生时，使用经直肠超声波检查验证妊娠状态。第 24 天采集所有奶牛的血样，第 31 天采集确诊妊娠奶牛的血样。与第 62-120 天（6.42%）相比，第 31-62 天（12.8%）和第 120 天至产犊（12.1%）的妊娠损失更大（P < 0.01）。与初产母牛相比，多胎母牛在第31-62天（17.1%对9.5%）和第120天到产犊期间（15.4%对7.7%）的妊娠损失更大。与维持妊娠的奶牛（分别为5.57和5.66纳克/毫升）相比，在第31-62天（3.57纳克/毫升）和第62-120天（4.40纳克/毫升）失去妊娠的奶牛在第31天的血清PAGs浓度较低（P≤0.03）。与维持妊娠的奶牛（0.271 毫克/毫升）相比，第 31-62 天发生妊娠损失的奶牛在第 24 天的血清隐血红蛋白浓度更高（P = 0.05）（0.414 毫克/毫升）。总之，本实验为热带环境下饲养的荷斯坦泌乳奶牛在妊娠第31天后的妊娠损失提供了新的信息。

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引用次数: 0

Biomarker-based high-throughput sperm phenotyping: Andrology in the age of precision medicine and agriculture 基于生物标记的高通量精子表型分析：精准医疗和农业时代的男性学。

IF 2.2 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Reproduction Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107636

Filip Tirpak , Lauren E. Hamilton , Robert D. Schnabel , Peter Sutovsky

Reproductive efficiency is crucial for animal agriculture. This economically important aspect can be influenced by environmental burdens, nutritional imbalance, and gonadal or gametic malformations of genetic origin. Successful implementation of genomic-driven selective breeding in cattle depends on the reproductive performance of artificial insemination (AI) sires with valuable genomic production traits. Reproduction is traditionally viewed as a complex set of polygenic traits that are negatively impacted by using a small number of often closely related sires selected for AI due to their superior genetics. Despite recent progress, it remains difficult to define relationships between sire genome and variation in sperm phenotypes, even though several types of heritable, non-compensable sperm defects have been identified. In this review, we discuss the concept of sperm quality biomarker discovery and genomics of male fertility. We also outline a multidisciplinary genome-to-phenome approach for investigating heritable mutations and their impacts on bull fertility, sperm phenotypes and paternal contributions to early pregnancy. High-precision phenotyping requires novel, state-of-the-art instrumentation for sperm quality evaluation and development of new biomarkers of sperm quality in farm animals, with potential for incorporation into andrology-specific machine learning protocols and translation to human andrology. We conclude that reproduction is a complex phenotype that can be deciphered and explored for more precise male fertility evaluation and higher reproductive efficiency.

繁殖效率对畜牧业至关重要。环境负担、营养失衡、性腺或配子畸形等遗传因素都会影响这一重要的经济效益。基因组驱动的选择性育种能否成功实施，取决于人工授精（AI）母牛的繁殖性能是否具有有价值的基因组生产性状。传统上，繁殖被视为一组复杂的多基因性状，如果使用少数因遗传性能优异而被选作人工授精的亲缘关系密切的种公牛，这些性状就会受到负面影响。尽管最近取得了一些进展，但仍很难确定父本基因组与精子表型变异之间的关系，尽管已经确定了几种类型的可遗传、不可补偿的精子缺陷。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了精子质量生物标志物发现和男性生育力基因组学的概念。我们还概述了从基因组到表型组的多学科方法，用于研究遗传突变及其对公牛生育力、精子表型和父亲对早孕的贡献的影响。高精度表型分析需要新颖、先进的精子质量评估仪器，还需要开发新的农场动物精子质量生物标志物，并有可能将其纳入到男性学专用的机器学习协议中，并应用到人类男性学中。我们的结论是，繁殖是一个复杂的表型，可以通过解密和探索来实现更精确的雄性生育能力评估和更高的繁殖效率。

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引用次数: 0

Male reproductive biotechnologies in South American Camelids Part I: Semen collection, evaluation and handling 南美洲驼科动物雄性生殖生物技术第一部分：精液采集、评估和处理。

IF 2.2 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Reproduction Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107634

María Ignacia Carretero , Susana María Giuliano , Marcelo Horacio Miragaya , Deborah Margarita Neild

This review describes the first steps necessary to apply any reproductive biotechnology in South American camelids (SAC) semen or sperm: sample collection, evaluation and handling. In camelids, the length and position adopted for mating and the site of semen deposition have conditioned semen collection methods. The advantages and disadvantages of available collection methods are summarized. The two main drawbacks for applying assisted reproductive techniques in SAC: sperm concentration and rheological characteristics are discussed. Techniques currently available to reliably evaluate diverse sperm characteristics are described, as are different methods to improve semen handling. Finally, advances made regarding the role of seminal plasma in SAC spermatozoon physiology are addressed. Part II of the review will cover the subsequent steps of dilution and cryopreservation of samples. Current results obtained using artificial insemination (AI) in SAC will also be covered in Part II.

本综述介绍了在南美洲驼科动物（SAC）精液或精子中应用任何生殖生物技术的第一步：样本采集、评估和处理。在驼科动物中，交配时采用的长度和位置以及精液沉积的地点都决定了精液采集方法。本文总结了现有收集方法的优缺点。讨论了在驼科动物中应用辅助生殖技术的两个主要缺点：精子浓度和流变特性。介绍了目前可用于可靠评估各种精子特征的技术，以及改进精液处理的各种方法。最后，还讨论了精浆在 SAC 精子生理学中的作用。综述的第二部分将介绍样本稀释和冷冻保存的后续步骤。第二部分还将介绍目前在萨克雷地区使用人工授精（AI）所取得的成果。

引用次数: 0

Genetic insights into litter size in goats: A meta-analysis of KISS1 and BMP15 SNP variants 山羊产仔数的遗传学研究：KISS1和BMP15 SNP变异的荟萃分析。

IF 2.2 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Reproduction Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107632

Mohsen Gholizadeh, Mehre Mohammadnezhad

Litter size is a key trait in livestock breeding. The BMP15 and KISS1 genes have been studied in goats, but results on their association with litter size are inconsistent. The objective of this study was to employ a meta-analysis approach to investigate the genetic relationship between the BMP15 (g.735 G>A) and KISS1 (g.2540 C>T and g.2510 G>A) genes and litter size in goats. A total of five studies (including 12 breeds) were included for the g.735 G>A mutation, three studies (including nine breeds) for g.2540 C>T, and two studies (including six breeds) for g.2510 G>A in this meta-analysis. The meta-analysis was conducted under four different genetic models: recessive (GG + AG vs. AA), dominant (GG vs. AG + AA), additive (GG vs. AA) and codominant (GG + AA vs. AG) models of inheritance. Data were analyzed under either random or fixed effects models based on the estimates of I² estimates. A sensitivity analysis was performed by removing one study at a time to determine the stability of the overall results. Funnel plots and the Egger regression tests were also used to assess the publication bias among studies. Significant associations (P< 0.05) were observed between the g.2540 C>T and g.2510 G>A loci and litter size in goats under the additive (SMD = −0.469, 95 % CI = −0.908 to −0.030, P-value = 0.036) and codominant (SMD = 0.147, 95 % CI = 0.003–0.291, P = 0.046) genetic models, respectively. Our results did not identify any significant association between g.735 G>A of BMP15 and litter size under the investigated genetic models.

产仔数是家畜育种中的一个关键性状。已经对山羊的 BMP15 和 KISS1 基因进行了研究，但关于它们与产仔数关系的结果并不一致。本研究旨在采用荟萃分析方法研究山羊的 BMP15（g.735 G>A）和 KISS1（g.2540 C>T 和 g.2510 G>A）基因与产仔数之间的遗传关系。本次荟萃分析共纳入了 5 项关于 g.735 G>A 基因突变的研究（包括 12 个品种）、3 项关于 g.2540 C>T 基因突变的研究（包括 9 个品种）和 2 项关于 g.2510 G>A 基因突变的研究（包括 6 个品种）。荟萃分析在四种不同的遗传模式下进行：隐性遗传（GG + AG 与 AA）、显性遗传（GG 与 AG + AA）、加性遗传（GG 与 AA）和共显性遗传（GG + AA 与 AG）。根据 I2 估计值，在随机或固定效应模型下对数据进行分析。为了确定总体结果的稳定性，每次删除一项研究进行敏感性分析。漏斗图和 Egger 回归检验也用于评估研究之间的发表偏倚。在加性遗传模型（SMD = -0.469，95 % CI = -0.908至-0.030，P值 = 0.036）和共显性遗传模型（SMD = 0.147，95 % CI = 0.003至0.291，P = 0.046）下，分别观察到g.2540 C>T和g.2510 G>A位点与山羊产仔数之间存在显著关联（P< 0.05）。我们的结果表明，在所研究的遗传模型中，BMP15的g.735 G>A与窝产仔数之间没有明显的关联。

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引用次数: 0

Analysis of stallion spermatozoa metabolism using Agilent Seahorse XFp Technology 使用安捷伦海马 XFp 技术分析种马精子的新陈代谢。

IF 2.2 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Reproduction Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107633

Jose Manuel Ortiz-Rodriguez , Diego Bucci , Laura Tovar-Pascual , Silvia Granata , Marcella Spinaci , Salvatore Nesci

Sperm metabolism consists of a sophisticated network of biochemical reactions and varies between species, resulting in different metabolic strategies for ATP production to maintain sperm functionality. ATP can be produced through glycolysis or in the mitochondria by oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Since OXPHOS is the predominant metabolic pathway in horses spermatozoa, various assessments of mitochondrial activity are used to evaluate fertility, utilizing techniques such as fluorescent probes analysed via microscopy or flow cytometry, and polarographic electrode assays to measure current flow in response to an applied voltage. Though, these methods are limited by low throughput, as they assess mitochondrial activity at a single time point under a specific treatment condition. This study explores, for the first time, the application of the Agilent Seahorse XFp Technology to evaluate metabolism in stallion spermatozoa. This method enables real-time measurement of cellular metabolism across multiple samples or experimental conditions simultaneously. Ejaculates from eight different stallions were collected, and pools were prepared from three of them. Sperm viability and mitochondrial activity were evaluated by fluorescence microscopy, sperm motility by a computer-assisted sperm analysis system, and sperm metabolism was analysed via the Seahorse XFp analyser. Results confirmed a preference for OXPHOS over glycolysis in ATP production in stallion sperm, with mitochondria contributing significantly to total ATP generation. The Seahorse XFp Technology proved effective in evaluating equine sperm bioenergetics, offering insights into metabolic pathways critical for sperm function. In conclusion, this technology grants a new method for high-throughput analysis of sperm metabolism and quality, which could be applied to future reproductive studies in male equine fertility.

精子的新陈代谢由复杂的生化反应网络组成，不同物种的新陈代谢策略各不相同，从而产生不同的 ATP 以维持精子的功能。ATP 可通过糖酵解或线粒体中的氧化磷酸化（OXPHOS）产生。由于 OXPHOS 是马精子中最主要的代谢途径，因此线粒体活性的各种评估方法都被用来评估生育能力，这些方法利用的技术包括通过显微镜或流式细胞仪分析的荧光探针，以及测量电流对外加电压响应的极谱电极测定法。不过，这些方法受限于低通量，因为它们是在特定处理条件下评估单一时间点的线粒体活性。本研究首次探索应用安捷伦海马 XFp 技术评估种马精子的新陈代谢。该方法可同时对多个样本或实验条件下的细胞代谢进行实时测量。采集了八种不同种公马的精子，并从其中三种精子中制备了精子池。精子活力和线粒体活性通过荧光显微镜进行评估，精子活力通过计算机辅助精子分析系统进行评估，精子代谢则通过海马 XFp 分析仪进行分析。结果证实，在公马精子的 ATP 生成过程中，OXPHOS 比糖酵解更优先，线粒体对总 ATP 生成的贡献很大。事实证明，海马 XFp 技术能有效评估马精子的生物能，深入了解对精子功能至关重要的代谢途径。总之，该技术为精子代谢和质量的高通量分析提供了一种新方法，可应用于未来雄性马的生殖研究。

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引用次数: 0

Early apoptosis detection in canine granulosa cells through the analysis of BCL-2 and BAX proteins during the follicular development associated with oocyte maturation 通过分析与卵母细胞成熟相关的卵泡发育过程中的 BCL-2 和 BAX 蛋白，检测犬颗粒细胞的早期凋亡。

IF 2.2 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Reproduction Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107635

Michelle Salinger , Jaime Palomino , Oscar A Peralta , Victor H. Parraguez , Monica De los Reyes

The objective of this study was to investigate the early follicular apoptosis in canine ovarian follicles by examining the expression of anti-apoptotic BCL-2 and pro-apoptotic BAX proteins throughout the estrous cycle associated with oocyte maturation. Follicular cells from preantral and antral follicles of varying sizes were isolated and grouped based on follicle type and estrous phase. Antral follicles underwent flow cytometry analysis, whereas preantral follicles were subjected to Western blotting. The meiotic capacity of oocytes from these different follicle types was evaluated through in vitro maturation. Statistical analysis included ANOVA and Duncan’s test. Results showed fluctuations in BCL-2 and BAX levels across different follicular stages and estrous phases. BCL-2 levels increased (P<0.05) with follicular development in antral follicles, particularly during estrus, while BAX exhibited variations peaking (P<0.05) during estrus. The BCL-2/BAX ratio in antral follicles was higher (P<0.05) in estrus and diestrus compared to anestrus and proestrus. Additionally, BCL-2 and BAX proteins were detected in preantral follicles, with varying expression levels (P<0.05) across estrous phases. The BCL-2/BAX ratio in preantral follicles was highest (P<0.05) during anestrus and estrus and decreased (P<0.05) in proestrus and diestrus. Oocytes from preantral follicles did not reach the MII stage, regardless of the levels of BCL-2/BAX. Conversely, oocytes obtained from large follicles during estrus showed the highest (P<0.05) maturation percentages, which were associated with the highest BCL-2/BAX ratio. These findings provide insights into the dynamic patterns of BCL-2 /BAX in canine follicles across the estrous cycle, shedding light on their potential roles in oocyte development.

本研究的目的是通过检测与卵母细胞成熟相关的整个发情周期中抗凋亡 BCL-2 蛋白和促凋亡 BAX 蛋白的表达，研究犬卵巢卵泡的早期卵泡凋亡。根据卵泡类型和发情期，从不同大小的前位卵泡和前位卵泡中分离出卵泡细胞并进行分组。对前位卵泡进行流式细胞术分析，而对前前位卵泡进行 Western 印迹分析。通过体外成熟，对来自这些不同卵泡类型的卵母细胞的减数分裂能力进行了评估。统计分析包括方差分析和邓肯检验。结果显示，BCL-2和BAX的水平在不同卵泡期和发情期有波动。BCL-2水平增加（P

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引用次数: 0

Manipulation of metabolism to improve liquid preservation of mammalian spermatozoa 操纵新陈代谢以改善哺乳动物精子的液态保存。

IF 2.2 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Reproduction Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107631

Madeleine Van de Hoek, Jessica P. Rickard, Simon P. de Graaf

Reproductive success in mammals hinges on the ability of sperm to generate sufficient energy through cellular metabolism to perform the energy-intensive processes required for fertilisation, including motility, maturation, and oocyte interactions. It is now widely accepted that sperm exhibit metabolic flexibility, utilising a combination of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation (supported by the Krebs cycle and other complementary pathways) to meet their energy demands. However, the preferred pathway for energy production varies significantly among species, making it challenging to map species-specific metabolic strategies, particularly in species with high metabolic flexibility, like the ram. Additionally, differences in methodologies used to measure metabolism have led to biased interpretations of species’ metabolic strategies, complicating the development of liquid storage methods aimed at preserving spermatozoa by manipulating energy generation based on species-specific requirements. This review examines sperm energy requirements, current methods for assessing metabolic capacity, and the current research on species-specific metabolism. Future research should focus on establishing a standardised approach for determining metabolic preferences to accurately map species-specific strategies, a critical step before developing effective liquid preservation methods. By identifying species-specific regulatory points, strategies can be designed to temporarily inhibit metabolic pathways, conserving resources and reducing the accumulation of metabolic by-products. Alternatively, supplementation with depleted metabolites can be guided by understanding areas of excessive consumption during prolonged metabolism. Applying this knowledge to develop tailored preservation techniques will help minimise sperm damage and improve survival during in vitro processing and liquid storage, ultimately enhancing the success of artificial breeding programs.

哺乳动物的生殖成功取决于精子能否通过细胞代谢产生足够的能量，以完成受精所需的能量密集过程，包括运动、成熟和卵母细胞相互作用。现在人们普遍认为，精子的新陈代谢具有灵活性，可综合利用糖酵解和氧化磷酸化（由克雷布斯循环和其他补充途径提供支持）来满足其能量需求。然而，精子产生能量的首选途径在不同物种之间存在很大差异，这使得绘制物种特异性代谢策略图具有挑战性，尤其是在具有高代谢灵活性的物种中，如公羊。此外，由于测量新陈代谢的方法不同，对物种新陈代谢策略的解释也存在偏差，这使得开发液体储存方法变得更加复杂，而这些方法的目的是根据物种的特定需求来控制能量的产生，从而保存精子。本综述探讨了精子的能量需求、目前评估新陈代谢能力的方法以及目前对物种特异性新陈代谢的研究。未来研究的重点应是建立标准化的代谢偏好测定方法，以准确绘制物种特异性策略图，这是开发有效液体保存方法前的关键一步。通过确定特定物种的调控点，可以设计出暂时抑制代谢途径的策略，从而节约资源并减少代谢副产品的积累。另外，还可以通过了解长期代谢过程中过度消耗的领域来指导补充耗竭的代谢物。应用这些知识来开发有针对性的保存技术，将有助于最大限度地减少精子损伤，提高精子在体外处理和液体储存过程中的存活率，最终提高人工育种计划的成功率。

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引用次数: 0

Transcriptomics of bovine sperm and oocytes 牛精子和卵母细胞的转录组学

IF 2.2 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Reproduction Science

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107630

Vanmathy Kasimanickam , John Kastelic , Ramanathan Kasimanickam

Traditionally, sperm and embryos were studied using microscopy to assess morphology and motility. However, OMICS technologies, especially transcriptomic analysis, are now being used to screen the molecular dynamics of fertility markers at cellular and molecular levels, with high sensitivity. Transcriptomics is the study of the transcriptome - RNA transcripts produced by the genome - using high-throughput methods to understand how the RNAs are expressed. In this review, we have discussed gene contributions to sperm structure and function and their role in fertilization and early embryo development. Further, we identified miRNAs shared by sperm, oocytes, and early embryos and their roles in fertilization and early embryo development.

传统上，精子和胚胎的研究使用显微镜来评估形态和活力。然而，OMICS 技术，特别是转录组分析，现在正被用于在细胞和分子水平高灵敏度地筛选生育力标志物的分子动态。转录组学是利用高通量方法研究转录组（由基因组产生的 RNA 转录本），以了解 RNA 如何表达。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了基因对精子结构和功能的贡献及其在受精和早期胚胎发育中的作用。此外，我们还确定了精子、卵母细胞和早期胚胎共有的 miRNA 及其在受精和早期胚胎发育中的作用。

引用次数: 0

Sustainable captive breeding practices for native Indonesian freshwater fish 印度尼西亚本土淡水鱼的可持续人工繁殖方法

IF 2.2 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Reproduction Science

Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107623

Darmawan Setia Budi , Agus Priyadi , Asep Permana , Muh. Herjayanto , Jacques Slembrouck , Ahmad Shofy Mubarak , Imam Mustofa

In Indonesia, the over-exploitation and habitat degradation of its biodiverse freshwater fish populations, has led to an urgent need for conservation of endangered fish species. A review is conducted on sustainable captive breeding practices for native Indonesian freshwater fish, with emphasis placed on the importance of ex situ conservation strategies. The key components of captive breeding such as ecological and biological research in the field; capturing, handling, and transportation of fish; selection of genetically diverse breeding stock; care and quarantine measures; feed acclimatization; and creation of reproductive facilities have been discussed. Natural, artificial, and semi-natural breeding methods have also been reviewed, and their advantages and limitations have been highlighted. The challenges in maintaining genetic diversity, managing health, ensuring successful acclimatization, and facilitating reproduction have been identified, and strategies to overcome them have been proposed. By integrating conservation and economic objectives, this review underscores the dual role of captive breeding in preserving endangered species and enhancing the ornamental fish trade, thereby contributing to the sustainable management of Indonesia's freshwater fish resources. This review adds to the literature by offering a comprehensive synthesis of sustainable captive breeding practices for native Indonesian freshwater fish, filling a critical gap in global conservation efforts and providing practical recommendations for similar initiatives worldwide.

在印度尼西亚，由于生物多样性淡水鱼种群的过度开发和栖息地退化，迫切需要保护濒危鱼类物种。本文对印尼本土淡水鱼的可持续人工繁殖实践进行了综述，重点强调了异地保护战略的重要性。文章讨论了人工繁殖的关键环节，如实地生态和生物研究；鱼类的捕获、处理和运输；选择基因多样化的繁殖种群；护理和检疫措施；饲料适应；以及建立繁殖设施。此外，还审查了自然、人工和半自然育种方法，并强调了这些方法的优势和局限性。确定了在保持遗传多样性、管理健康、确保成功适应环境和促进繁殖方面的挑战，并提出了克服这些挑战的策略。通过整合保护和经济目标，本综述强调了人工繁殖在保护濒危物种和促进观赏鱼贸易方面的双重作用，从而有助于印度尼西亚淡水鱼资源的可持续管理。本综述对印尼本土淡水鱼的可持续人工繁殖实践进行了全面总结，填补了全球保护工作中的一个重要空白，并为全球类似活动提供了切实可行的建议。

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引用次数: 0

Developmental programming of reproduction in sheep and goat: Association of fraternity size and sex ratio with reproductive performance of ewes and does at the first pregnancy 绵羊和山羊的生殖发育程序：兄弟会规模和性别比例与母羊和初孕母羊繁殖性能的关系。

IF 2.2 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Reproduction Science

Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107622

Emadeddin Mobedi , Mehdi Vojgani , Faramarz Gharagozlou , Tooba Aghaei , Reza Darabian Aghdas , Reza Hemmati Baghbanani , Amirsina Akbarinejad , Vahid Akbarinejad

Various prenatal factors including the number of littermates (fraternity size) and exposure to male littermate (fraternity sex ratio) during fetal period have been reported to influence postnatal fertility in the mammals. The present research was conducted to study the association of fraternity size and sex ratio with reproductive performance of nulliparous ewes and does. To this end, data associated with number of littermates, exposure to male littermate, birth weight, age at first pregnancy, as well as litter size, sex ratio of offspring, litter weight, and birth weight of female and male offspring after the first parturition retrieved from the database of sheep (n = 536 Romane and 289 Blanche du Massif Central ewes) and goat (n = 174 Alpine and 267 Saanen does) flocks. Fraternity size was negatively associated with birth weight of ewes and does (P < 0.05). Exposure to male littermate during fetal period was associated with younger age at first pregnancy and larger litter size in the does (P < 0.05), but not in the ewes (P > 0.05). Exposure to male littermate during fetal period was positively associated with the odds of male-biased litters in the ewes and does (P < 0.05). Fraternity size was positively associated with litter weight in the does (P < 0.05), but not in the ewes (P > 0.05). In conclusion, the present study showed that the number and sex of littermates during fetal period could impact postnatal reproduction of ewes and does. In this context, some associations, particularly those related to exposure to male littermate during fetal period, were only observed in does, which implicates that the effect of androgens on developmental programming of reproduction may be species-specific.

据报道，哺乳动物产前的各种因素，包括胎儿期的同窝产仔数（同窝产仔数）和与雄性同窝产仔数的接触（同窝产仔数性别比），都会影响产后的生育能力。本研究的目的是研究同窝产仔数和性别比与空怀母羊和雌性母羊繁殖性能的关系。为此，研究人员从绵羊（n = 536 头 Romane 母羊和 289 头 Blanche du Massif Central 母羊）和山羊（n = 174 头 Alpine 母羊和 267 头 Saanen 母羊）羊群数据库中检索了与产仔数、接触雄性产仔数、出生体重、首次怀孕年龄以及产仔数、后代性别比、产仔数体重和首次分娩后雌性和雄性后代出生体重相关的数据。博爱规模与母羊和母羊的出生体重呈负相关（P < 0.05）。胎儿期接触雄性同窝动物与母羊初孕年龄较小、产仔数较多有关（P < 0.05），但与母羊无关（P > 0.05）。母羊和母猪在胎儿期接触雄性同窝仔猪与偏雄性产仔几率呈正相关（P < 0.05）。母羊的兄弟关系大小与产仔数呈正相关（P < 0.05），而母羊的兄弟关系大小与产仔数无正相关（P > 0.05）。总之，本研究表明，胎儿期同窝生仔数和性别会影响母羊和母猪的产后繁殖。在这种情况下，某些关联，尤其是与胎儿期接触雄性胎伴有关的关联，仅在母羊中观察到，这表明雄激素对生殖发育程序的影响可能具有物种特异性。

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