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Determination of Resultant Forces for 2D Hyperstatic Frames using Android-Based Frame Design Application and Finite Element Analysis 利用基于 Android 的框架设计应用程序和有限元分析确定二维超静定框架的结果力
Pub Date : 2024-01-11 DOI: 10.25077/aijaset.v3i3.109
S. A. R. S. Hasibuan, H. Prayuda
The slope deflection method assumes all joints are considered rigid, which means the angle does not change under any loads. This ensures that compatibility and deflection are neglected due to shear and axial stress. The numerical determination of forces and deformation in structures through applying the slope deflection method necessitates a relatively extended computational time and demands high-precision results. An effective tool can efficiently and precisely determine internal forces and structural deformations. This study utilizes the Frame Design Application version 5177, initially released on 24 June 2012 and has since been updated as of 2 February 2022, an Android-based application. Utilizing the Frame Design Application facilitates the expeditious and precise determination of internal forces and structural deformations. It is a valuable tool for professionals in civil engineering, mechanical engineering, and architecture, as well as students seeking to build 2D hyperstatic frames through Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The primary objective of this paper is to evaluate the precision of the Frame Design Application to determine its suitability for educational purposes. This paper will also evaluate the precision of the analysis outcomes by manual calculations and the utilization of SAP2000 Software. The provided analysis results exhibit negligible disparities. The Frame Design Application is a highly recommended tool for those in civil engineering, mechanical engineering, architecture and students seeking to design 2D hyperstatic frames through Finite Element Analysis (FEA).
斜坡挠度法假定所有接头都是刚性的,这意味着在任何荷载作用下角度都不会发生变化。这确保了剪应力和轴向应力引起的相容性和挠度被忽略。采用斜坡挠度法对结构中的力和变形进行数值确定,需要相对较长的计算时间,并要求高精度的结果。一个有效的工具可以高效、精确地确定内力和结构变形。本研究使用了框架设计应用程序 5177 版,该版本最初于 2012 年 6 月 24 日发布,并于 2022 年 2 月 2 日更新,是一款基于安卓系统的应用程序。利用框架设计应用程序可以快速、精确地确定内力和结构变形。对于土木工程、机械工程和建筑领域的专业人士以及希望通过有限元分析(FEA)构建二维超静定框架的学生来说,这是一个非常有价值的工具。本文的主要目的是评估框架设计应用程序的精度,以确定其是否适合教育目的。本文还将评估手动计算和使用 SAP2000 软件分析结果的精度。所提供的分析结果显示出的差异可以忽略不计。对于希望通过有限元分析(FEA)设计二维超静态框架的土木工程、机械工程、建筑学领域的人员和学生来说,框架设计应用程序是一款值得强烈推荐的工具。
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引用次数: 0
Enhancing Current Density and Specific Capacitance of Nata de Coco, TEMPO, and MXene Composites through Boiling Time Variations 通过沸腾时间变化提高可可粉、TEMPO 和 MXene 复合材料的电流密度和比电容
Pub Date : 2024-01-07 DOI: 10.25077/aijaset.v3i3.110
S. Yunus, Kuntum Khairah Umah, H. Abral, Ogah Anselm Ogah, Aulia Aulia
This research aimed to enhance the current density and specific capacitance of electronic device materials to replace traditional metal materials. Composite materials that include Nata de Coco, TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl), and MXene achieve this improvement. Composite materials that include Nata de Coco, TEMPO, and MXene accomplish this improvement. Initial testing has shown that these materials initially demonstrated lower electrical properties, particularly in current density and specific capacitance, than conventional metals. To enhance their electrical properties, we employed a boiling method with variations in boiling time. The time intervals chosen were 30, 300, and 480 minutes. In the manufacturing process, Nata de Coco, previously oxidized by TEMPO, was boiled in an MXene solution at a temperature of 70°C. We tested the electrical properties of the resulting composite film, focusing on current density and specific capacitance. The measured current density values, corresponding to the different boiling times, were as follows: 0.000239 A/cm² for 30 minutes, 0.000307 A/cm² for 300 minutes, and 0.000320 A/cm² for 480 minutes. The specific capacitance values were 1.7005 F/g for 30 minutes, 1.9707 F/g for 300 minutes, and 2.0364 F/g for 480 minutes. The percentage increase in current density and specific capacitance values from 30 minutes to 300 minutes of boiling was 22% and 13.7%, respectively. For boiling from 300 to 480 minutes, the increase was 4.06% for current density and 3.22% for specific capacitance. These findings suggest that longer boiling times result in improved electrical properties.Subsequently, characteristic tests were performed, including XRD (X-ray diffraction) and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) analyses. The XRD results indicated that longer boiling times caused a rightward shift of the diffraction peak with a narrower peak width, signifying increased crystallinity. The highest X-ray intensity was observed in the composite boiled for 480 minutes, with a power of 847.23 counts per second (cps) and a two-theta angle of 21.31°. Additionally, the smallest crystal size was achieved with a 480-minute boiling time, measuring 138.2851 Å. In the SEM analysis, it was evident that longer boiling times led to a higher fraction of MXene within the composite film.
这项研究旨在提高电子设备材料的电流密度和比电容,以取代传统的金属材料。包括 Nata de Coco、TEMPO(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl)和 MXene 的复合材料实现了这一改进。包括 Nata de Coco、TEMPO 和 MXene 的复合材料实现了这一改进。初步测试表明,与传统金属相比,这些材料最初的电气性能较低,尤其是在电流密度和比电容方面。为了提高它们的电气性能,我们采用了沸腾法,并改变了沸腾时间。选择的时间间隔分别为 30、300 和 480 分钟。在制造过程中,先用 TEMPO 氧化的 Nata de Coco 在 MXene 溶液中煮沸,温度为 70°C。我们测试了所得复合薄膜的电气性能,重点是电流密度和比电容。不同沸腾时间测得的电流密度值如下:30 分钟为 0.000239 A/cm²,300 分钟为 0.000307 A/cm²,480 分钟为 0.000320 A/cm²。比电容值为:30 分钟 1.7005 F/g,300 分钟 1.9707 F/g,480 分钟 2.0364 F/g。从沸腾 30 分钟到 300 分钟,电流密度和比电容值的百分比增幅分别为 22% 和 13.7%。沸腾时间从 300 分钟到 480 分钟,电流密度和比电容值分别增加了 4.06% 和 3.22%。这些研究结果表明,沸腾时间越长,电性能越好。随后进行了特征测试,包括 XRD(X 射线衍射)和 SEM(扫描电子显微镜)分析。X 射线衍射结果表明,沸腾时间越长,衍射峰越右移,峰宽越窄,表明结晶度越高。在沸腾 480 分钟的复合材料中观察到的 X 射线强度最高,功率为 847.23 计数/秒(cps),二θ角为 21.31°。此外,沸腾 480 分钟后的晶体尺寸最小,为 138.2851 Å。在扫描电子显微镜分析中可以明显看出,沸腾时间越长,复合薄膜中的 MXene 含量越高。
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引用次数: 0
Integration of Photovoltaic Distributed Generation in Grid Distribution Network: A Literature Review 光伏分布式发电与电网配电网络的整合:文献综述
Pub Date : 2023-12-29 DOI: 10.25077/aijaset.v3i3.114
Benriwati Maharmi, Syafii Syafii, Azriyenni Azhari Zakri
Distributed Generation (DG) will become a future generation system known as a renewable energy source. Renewable energy is a topic being developed due to being environmentally friendly. It fulfills the need for electrical energy to replace fossil energy sources to reduce climate change due to carbon emissions towards net-zero emissions by 2050, reducing climate change by 1.50 C to 20 C. Solar photovoltaic (PV) is an energy source that has been widely developed and has enormous potential; where PV can be integrated off the grid and on the grid. Integrating PV into the network is challenging, so the network remains stable and reliable due to intermittent energy generation. This paper reviews the integration of PV-DG distribution networks. Topology, optimization, and impacts on the distribution network are also discussed in this paper. The literature review results show that PV-DG integrated into the grid has an impact caused by intermittent PV generation.
分布式发电(DG)将成为未来的发电系统,被称为可再生能源。可再生能源因其对环境友好而成为一个正在发展的话题。太阳能光伏发电(PV)是一种已被广泛开发并具有巨大潜力的能源;光伏发电可以并入电网,也可以并入电网。将光伏发电并入电网具有挑战性,因为间歇性发电会导致电网无法保持稳定和可靠。本文回顾了光伏-DG 配电网络的整合。本文还讨论了拓扑结构、优化以及对配电网络的影响。文献综述结果表明,光伏-发电机并入电网会对间歇性光伏发电造成影响。
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引用次数: 0
Study of Laccase Activity as a Biosensor for Peatland Degradation in Oil Palm Plantations in Pesisir Selatan of West Sumatra 作为西苏门答腊 Pesisir Selatan 地区油棕种植园泥炭地退化生物传感器的漆酶活性研究
Pub Date : 2023-12-14 DOI: 10.25077/aijaset.v3i3.113
Mimien Harianti, Teguh Budi Prasetyo, Lusi Maira, Junaidi Junaidi, H. Herviyanti, Syaiful Anwar, Susilawati Kasim
The aim of the research was to study enzyme activity as biosensors for peatland degradation in oil palm plantations. The study was conducted in Pesisir Selatan,West Sumatra, on two peatlands with different thicknesses and location coordinates, namely peat with a thickness of <3 m S: 02o18'45.5", 101o00’37.3” and peat with a thickness >3 m S: 02o20’07.5”, E: 101o00’22”. The oil palm in these two locations is 11 years old (planting year of 2007). Observations and sampling of peatlands were carried out on the plantation blocks using the transect method. The transect was set perpendicular to the drainage canal. Peat samples were collected outside the roots (non-rhizosphere) of oil palm. Observation sites were at a distance of 5, 15, 25, 50, 75, 100, 150 m from the edge of the drainage canal and at the thickness of the root layer of 0-25 and 25-50 cm. Peat characteristics observed were water table level, laccase activity, water content, pH, total Fe, and Cu. The water table level in one transect ranged from 60-80 cm and was still within tolerable limits. The laccase activity as a peat degradation biosensor in oil palm plantations in Pesisir Selatan peatland was higher in the 0-25cm layer with an average of <0.5 µmol/g. The increase in water content decreased the laccase activity along with increasing of the distance from the drainage canal and the thickness of the peat layer. The increase in Fe and Cu resulted from increased levels of ash, particularly in peat with a thickness of <3 m, may suppress laccase activity. Peatland in the oil palm plantation of Pesisir Selatan is still relatively stable despite the decomposition processes characterized by laccase activity as a biosensor for peat degradation.
这项研究的目的是研究作为油棕种植园泥炭地降解生物传感器的酶活性。研究在西苏门答腊岛的 Pesisir Selatan 进行,研究对象是两块泥炭地,它们的厚度和位置坐标各不相同,即南纬 02o20'07.5",东经 101o00'22",泥炭厚度为 3 米。这两个地点的油棕树龄均为 11 年(种植年份为 2007 年)。采用横断面法对种植园区块的泥炭地进行了观察和取样。横断面垂直于排水渠。泥炭样本在油棕根部(非根层)外采集。观察点距离排水渠边缘分别为 5、15、25、50、75、100、150 米,根系层厚度分别为 0-25 厘米和 25-50 厘米。观察到的泥炭特征包括地下水位、漆酶活性、含水量、pH 值、总铁和铜。一个断面的地下水位在 60-80 厘米之间,仍在可容忍范围内。在 Pesisir Selatan 泥炭地的油棕榈种植园中,作为泥炭降解生物传感器的漆酶活性在 0-25 厘米层中较高,平均小于 0.5 µmol/g。随着离排水渠的距离和泥炭层厚度的增加,含水量的增加降低了漆酶的活性。灰分增加导致铁和铜含量增加,特别是在厚度小于 3 米的泥炭中,可能会抑制漆酶活性。尽管以漆酶活性作为泥炭降解的生物传感器,Pesisir Selatan 油棕种植园的泥炭地在分解过程中仍然相对稳定。
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引用次数: 0
Overcurrent and Directional Overcurrent Protection for Microgrid 微电网过流和定向过流保护
Pub Date : 2023-12-14 DOI: 10.25077/aijaset.v3i3.103
Zahira Shiva Salsabila, A. Adrianti, Muhammad Nasir
Microgrids will become common in future electrical distribution networks. Numerous operating modes that occur in microgrids make the development of protection schemes and settings challenging.  This paper aims to develop a simple protection scheme for the Microgrid IEC Benchmark without any expensive equipment such as communication apparatus. The scheme consists of directional and non-directional overcurrent relays with standard inverse characteristics. For the simulation tool, Digsilent powerfactory is employed. Four operating modes of the microgrid are applied to verify the relays’ coordination. The results show that the proposed scheme successfully protects the microgrid during short circuit faults with acceptable time margins.
微电网在未来的配电网络中将变得十分普遍。微电网中会出现多种运行模式,因此开发保护方案和设置具有挑战性。 本文旨在为微电网 IEC 基准开发一种简单的保护方案,无需通信设备等任何昂贵的设备。该方案由具有标准反向特性的定向和非定向过流继电器组成。仿真工具采用 Digsilent powerfactory。应用微电网的四种运行模式来验证继电器的协调性。结果表明,所提出的方案在短路故障期间成功地保护了微电网,并具有可接受的时间裕度。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Glass Powder on Durability Performance of Hardened Concrete in Aggressive Environment 玻璃粉对侵蚀性环境中硬化混凝土耐久性能的影响
Pub Date : 2023-11-25 DOI: 10.25077/aijaset.v3i3.106
Frank Onyango Odero, Benard Omondi, Chrispinus Wamalwa
Supplementary Cementitious Materials have been widely researched for application in concrete works, primarily to reduce dependence on cement as a binding medium. This research sought to add to that knowledge base by determining the effect of crushed waste glass powder on the durability performance of hardened concrete in an aggressive environment. Crushed waste glass powder was added to the concrete mix at 10%, 20% and 30% respectively by weight of cement. Fresh concrete was subjected to slump test while hardened concrete was subjected to compressive strength, water absorption, sulphate attack and electrical resistivity tests. The results were then compared to the control mix as well as previous studies. Optimal results were obtained at 30% addition of crushed waste glass powder into the concrete mix, noting an increase in compressive strength by 32.5%, water absorption reduced by 5.9%, sulphate attack effect was low while electrical resistivity reduced by 14.7%. Keywords: Absorptivity, Crushed Waste Glass, Durability, Electrical Resistivity, Pozzolanic Activity, Sulphate Attack.
人们广泛研究了补充性胶凝材料在混凝土工程中的应用,主要是为了减少对水泥作为粘结介质的依赖。本研究试图通过确定碎玻璃粉对侵蚀性环境中硬化混凝土耐久性能的影响来补充这一知识库。粉碎的废玻璃粉分别以水泥重量的 10%、20% 和 30% 的比例添加到混凝土混合物中。对新拌混凝土进行坍落度试验,对硬化混凝土进行抗压强度、吸水率、硫酸盐侵蚀和电阻率试验。然后将测试结果与对照组混合料以及之前的研究结果进行比较。结果表明,在混凝土拌合物中添加 30% 的碎玻璃粉时,抗压强度提高了 32.5%,吸水率降低了 5.9%,硫酸盐侵蚀效果较低,而电阻率降低了 14.7%。 关键词吸水率、碎废玻璃、耐久性、电阻率、Pozzolanic 活性、硫酸盐侵蚀。
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引用次数: 0
Optimizing Asset Management: A Risk-Based Approach with Inventory Outsourcing and Asset Management Information System 优化资产管理:基于风险的库存外包和资产管理信息系统方法
Pub Date : 2023-11-25 DOI: 10.25077/aijaset.v3i3.99
Muhammad Syaeful Fajar, Gus Nanang Syaifuddiin, Nisa'ul Hafidhoh, MH. Ramdhani Ismar, Maulana Nur Ivansyah
Effective management of regional assets is crucial for efficient government administration and community service delivery. Proper asset management ensures transparency, efficiency, and accountability in regional property management, supporting key tasks and functions of the government. Efficient asset management empowers local governments to fund regional development and enhances public confidence in state finance management. The rapid development of information technology presents unique challenges, especially in asset management within educational institutions. This study focuses on implementing the Risk-Based Asset Management (RBAM) method in a Web-Based Asset Management Information System. RBAM categorizes requests by risk levels, generates monthly data analysis, and aids in anticipating item stock quantities. The integrated RBAM is expected to enhance inventory management efficiency, improving responsiveness to demand fluctuations. This journal presents research findings related to RBAM implementation, aiming to enhance asset management performance in the government context. The study employs the Research and Development method, fitting for software engineering research. The development utilizes the waterfall model, ensuring a structured software development process. The system streamlines item data management, reporting requests, enhancing facility inventory management.
有效管理地区资产对于高效的政府管理和社区服务至关重要。适当的资产管理可确保地区财产管理的透明度、效率和问责制,支持政府的主要任务和职能。高效的资产管理使地方政府有能力为地区发展提供资金,并增强公众对国家财政管理的信心。信息技术的快速发展带来了独特的挑战,尤其是在教育机构的资产管理方面。本研究的重点是在基于网络的资产管理信息系统中实施基于风险的资产管理(RBAM)方法。RBAM 按风险等级对申请进行分类,生成月度数据分析,并帮助预测物品库存数量。整合后的 RBAM 预计将提高库存管理效率,改善对需求波动的响应能力。本期刊介绍了与实施 RBAM 相关的研究成果,旨在提高政府背景下的资产管理绩效。本研究采用了适合软件工程研究的研究与开发方法。开发过程采用瀑布模型,确保了软件开发过程的结构化。该系统简化了项目数据管理和报告要求,加强了设施库存管理。
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引用次数: 0
Review of the Application of the Nearly Zero Energy Building Concept in Different Climates 近零能耗建筑概念在不同气候条件下的应用回顾
Pub Date : 2023-11-25 DOI: 10.25077/aijaset.v3i3.91
F. Akbar, R. Nazir, Rika Ampuh Hadiguna
The building sector consumes about 30% of the world's primary energy demand. Conventionally, reducing building energy consumption is done through energy saving or energy conservation activities. Nearly zero energy building (nZEB) itself can be defined as a provision that implies a value of energy consumption that is as low as possible or an energy-efficient building, then determines the energy source that is able to meet these energy needs. These strategies can generally be done with passive design, active design, and comprehensive energy management approaches [6]. This article presents an overview of the implementation of nZEB and finds out the shortcomings in terms of strategies and techniques used for different types of buildings and climates. Given the differences in climate and building characteristics, we found that each region has different challenges in applying the nZEB concept.
建筑行业消耗的能源约占全球一次能源需求量的 30%。传统上,减少建筑能耗是通过节能活动来实现的。近零能耗建筑(nZEB)本身可以被定义为一种意味着能耗值尽可能低的规定或一种节能建筑,然后确定能够满足这些能源需求的能源来源。这些策略一般可以通过被动设计、主动设计和综合能源管理方法来实现[6]。本文概述了 nZEB 的实施情况,并发现了针对不同类型建筑和气候所采用的策略和技术的不足之处。鉴于气候和建筑特征的差异,我们发现每个地区在应用 nZEB 概念时都面临着不同的挑战。
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引用次数: 0
Quality Control of Camille Beauty Face Mask Products Using Failure Mode and Effect Analysis Method : A Case Study 用失效模式和效果分析法控制卡米尔美容面膜产品的质量:一个案例研究
Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.25077/aijaset.v3i2.85
Prima Fithri, Abim Dwi Putra, Anton Satria Prabuwono, Pawenary Pawenary
Regarding criticism and suggestions from consumers, it shows that of the 881,140 products sold, there are 22,947 products that are considered manufacturing defects, with an average percentage of defective products per month of 2.71%, with several types of defects submitted by consumers through the survey. This is quite serious because it will provide a bad experience to consumers in using this product. Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) is a method used to evaluate system design by considering existing failure modes in a machine or equipment component system and analyzing the consequences for the reliability of the system. Based on the method used, it was found that the highest RPN value was in a case of disability, namely causing itching, with an RPN value of 504, consisting of a severity value of 9, occurrence of 7 and detection of 8, with a percentage of RPN occurrences of 35%. Beased on this result, it proposes improvements to the priority types of product defects and other product defects.
关于消费者的批评和建议,调查显示,在售出的881140件产品中,有22947件产品被认为是制造缺陷,平均每月不良产品的比例为2.71%,消费者通过调查提出了几种缺陷。这是非常严重的,因为它会给消费者在使用本产品时提供不好的体验。失效模式和影响分析(FMEA)是一种通过考虑机器或设备部件系统中现有的失效模式并分析其对系统可靠性的影响来评估系统设计的方法。根据所采用的方法,RPN值最高的是致残即引起瘙痒的情况,RPN值为504,其中严重性值为9,发生值为7,检测值为8,RPN发生率为35%。在此基础上,对产品缺陷和其他产品缺陷的优先级类型提出改进。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of Photovoltaic Penetration on System Grid with Minimum Loading Approach 基于最小负荷法的光伏系统电网渗透评估
Pub Date : 2023-11-12 DOI: 10.25077/aijaset.v3i2.95
Dawam Habibullah, Khin Moe Moe, Syafii Syafii
The Indonesian government has also set a target to increase the contribution of renewable energy in the national energy mix to 23% by 2025 and 31% by 2050. In this paper, an analysis of Maximum PV Capacity was used on the transmission network with a minimum loading approach using the Power Factory15.1 simulation. From the simulation that has been done, it can be seen that the placement of two PV location points gets better results than the placement of one PV location point. This can be seen that the feeder load for PV location point of 74.3%, while for two PV location points of 35.8% which value is still within safe limits, but for two PV location points get better results. PV trip state frequency values obtained for single location point and two PV location points get a result of 2% of 50 Hz which is still within safe limits.
印尼政府还设定了一个目标,到2025年将可再生能源在国家能源结构中的贡献提高到23%,到2050年提高到31%。在本文中,使用Power Factory15.1仿真,分析了采用最小负荷方法的输电网络的最大光伏容量。从已经完成的仿真可以看出,放置两个PV定位点比放置一个PV定位点效果更好。由此可见,馈线负荷对于光伏定位点为74.3%,而对于两个光伏定位点为35.8%,其数值仍在安全范围内,但对于两个光伏定位点得到了较好的效果。单定位点和两个定位点的光伏脱扣状态频率值得到的结果为50 Hz的2%,仍在安全范围内。
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引用次数: 0
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Andalasian International Journal of Applied Science, Engineering and Technology
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