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Comparative Study of Electronic Waste Management in Developed Countries and Indonesia 发达国家与印尼电子废弃物管理比较研究
Pub Date : 2021-05-18 DOI: 10.25077/AIJASET.V1I1.4
S. Raharjo, Al Hadi Utomo
Electronic waste management in Indonesia is currently not a major concern for various parties and is relatively left behind when compared to developed countries. This study aims to evaluate the existing conditions of electronic waste management in Indonesia and compile recommendations for electronic waste management programs in Indonesia. This research was conducted by collecting primary data from questionnaires and collecting secondary data from the literature on electronic waste management in developed countries (United States, Japan, and Switzerland) and Indonesia. The collected data were compared and analyzed for compiling strategy in the SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats). Recommendation programs for electronic waste management in Indonesia were established based on SWOT Matrix. The evaluation results show that the existing conditions of electronic waste management in Indonesia are lagging compared to developed countries. The management recommendation program provided is the 4R programs (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle and Remove) for electronic waste; Dropbox to collect electronic waste; Development of formal electronic waste management infrastructure; Industrial revitalization / private electronic waste recycling facilities; Development of electronic waste landfill; Application of economic instruments for electronic manufacturers; Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) for electronic equipment; Trade-in for all electronic products; and cooperate with the informal sector.Keywords: Developed countries, Electronic waste, Program recommendations, SWOT analysis, Waste management.
印度尼西亚的电子废物管理目前不是各方关注的主要问题,与发达国家相比相对落后。本研究旨在评估印度尼西亚电子废物管理的现状,并为印度尼西亚的电子废物管理计划编制建议。本研究通过问卷调查收集一手数据,从发达国家(美国、日本、瑞士)和印度尼西亚的电子废物管理文献中收集二次数据。收集的数据进行比较和分析,以编制战略在SWOT(优势,劣势,机会,威胁)。基于SWOT矩阵,建立印尼电子垃圾管理推荐方案。评价结果表明,与发达国家相比,印尼电子垃圾管理的现有条件相对滞后。提供的管理建议方案是4R方案(Reduce, Reuse, Recycle and Remove);Dropbox收集电子垃圾;发展正规的电子废物管理基础设施;振兴工业/私人电子废物回收设施;电子垃圾填埋场的发展;电子制造企业经济工具的应用电子设备的延伸生产者责任(EPR);所有电子产品以旧换新;并与非正规部门合作。关键词:发达国家,电子垃圾,方案建议,SWOT分析,垃圾管理
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引用次数: 4
Power Flow and Short Circuit Analysis of Distribution System with 300 kW Distributed Generation Connected 300kw分布式发电并网配电系统潮流及短路分析
Pub Date : 2021-05-18 DOI: 10.25077/AIJASET.V1I1.3
Muhardika Muhardika, Syahroni Syahroni
Power flow analysis aims to determine the capacity of a generator to serve loads, to know the value of power losses in the electrical system, and to carry out a planning and development of the electric power system. Power flow analysis is carried out in order to find out the characteristics of the electric power system to be built or to be developed as desired. In this study, power flow analysis and short circuit analysis were carried out in the electrical system of Andalas University with 2 conditions, namely, when the conditions were normal or when the Distributed Generation was not added and when the conditions were added, the Distributed Generation (DG) Photovoltaic 300 kW. The results of this study indicate the largest system losses when normal conditions are on bus 1 to bus 2 amounting to 20.21 kW and 6.13 kVar, and when conditions add DG on bus 17 to bus 18 are 230.8 kW and 142.7 kVar. The results of the short circuit analysis of the two conditions are on bus 1 when the condition is experiencing the addition of DG with an increase in average current, namely 1 soil phase of 0.86 kA, 2 phases of 0.175 kA, 2 soil phases of 0.09609 kA, and 3 phases of 0.085273 kA from when the conditions were normal.Keywords : Power Flow Analysis, Short Circuit Analysis, Photovoltaic, Wind Turbine
潮流分析的目的是确定发电机服务负荷的能力,了解电力系统的功率损耗值,对电力系统进行规划和发展。进行潮流分析是为了了解将要建设或将要开发的电力系统的特性。在本研究中,对Andalas大学电气系统进行了功率流分析和短路分析,在条件正常和不增加分布式发电时,在条件增加时,分布式发电(DG)光伏300kw。本研究结果表明,母线1至母线2正常工况下系统损耗最大,为20.21 kW和6.13 kVar,母线17至母线18添加DG时系统损耗最大,为230.8 kW和142.7 kVar。两种情况下的短路分析结果在母线1上,分别为1个土壤相0.86 kA, 2个土壤相0.175 kA, 2个土壤相0.09609 kA, 3个土壤相0.085273 kA。关键词:潮流分析,短路分析,光伏发电,风力发电
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引用次数: 0
Design of Investment Detection In Fish Cultivation Uno Arduino Based 基于Arduino的养鱼投资检测设计
Pub Date : 2021-05-18 DOI: 10.25077/AIJASET.V1I1.1
A. Hasibuan, A. Asran, Rizky Ramadhana Sembiring, M. Isa, M. I. Yusoff, Siti Zakiah Abdul Rahim
Fish farming is a job that many Indonesian people do, especially in villages. The nature of fish that is able to adapt quickly to transfer from pond to pond makes many residents choose to breed fish over other livestock. Many types of fish can be cultivated well, but most people choose to cultivate goldfish. Goldfish have an economic value that is quite tempting for the community. There are some fish that have a higher economic value, but people are more extra in maintaining them, for example in terms of feed. Goldfish can be fed only when the sun is hot. If the sun does not come out, then the goldfish should not be fed because it can cause the fish to die. Besides that, goldfish only need water flowing into the pond for fish oxygen. The number of people who breed fish, there are also many irresponsible people. The reason is, when the fish begin to grow up, many fish begin to disappear, making people nervous and hot. Based on the above problems, it provides a very potential opportunity to create a tool that can overcome community unrest. Fish farming theft detection tool which is an innovative tool to overcome or find out the perpetrators of theft. Thus, hopefully the tools used can reduce the risk of stealing fish and reduce the losses of fish cultivators.
养鱼是许多印尼人的工作,尤其是在农村。鱼类能够迅速适应从一个池塘转移到另一个池塘的特性使许多居民选择饲养鱼类而不是其他牲畜。许多种类的鱼都可以很好地养殖,但大多数人选择养殖金鱼。金鱼的经济价值对社区来说是相当诱人的。有些鱼具有较高的经济价值,但人们在饲养它们方面更加额外,例如在饲料方面。只有在太阳热的时候才能喂金鱼。如果太阳不出来,那么金鱼就不应该喂食,因为它会导致鱼死亡。除此之外,金鱼只需要流入池塘的水为鱼提供氧气。养鱼的人有多少,不负责任的人也有多少。原因是,当鱼开始长大时,许多鱼开始消失,使人紧张和热。基于上述问题,它提供了一个非常潜在的机会来创建一个可以克服社区动荡的工具。养鱼盗窃检测工具,这是一个创新的工具,以克服或找出盗窃的肇事者。因此,希望所使用的工具可以减少偷鱼的风险,减少养鱼者的损失。
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引用次数: 1
Modification of the Sedimentation Unit with Continuous Discharges Flow (CDF) as a New Method to Increase Turbidity Removal in Raw Water 对连续流沉降装置进行改造,提高原水的除浊度
Pub Date : 2021-05-18 DOI: 10.25077/AIJASET.V1I1.6
Ridwan Ridwan, R. Afrianita, Yogi Kurniawan
This study applies a new method to remove the turbidity of raw water in the sedimentation unit called CDF sedimentation using the working principle of a leaky tank at the bottom of the tank. The test was carried out on a laboratory scale reactor of 240 L/hour for 6 hours consisting of a waterfall coagulation unit for 5 seconds and alum as a coagulant. perforated wall flocculation unit with 30 minutes detention time and 1 hour CDF sedimentation unit. The study was conducted with 4 variations of CDF, namely 0%, 1%, 3%, and 5% with turbidity of 75.25 NTU. The results showed the greater the CDF value, the greater the decrease in turbidity that occurred. The highest level of turbidity removal occurred at 5% CDF value with an efficiency of 91,09%, a correlation value -0,927, and a significance value of 0,00 < 0,05. CDF value gives an influence on Reynolds numbers and Froude numbers in sedimentation units where Reynolds numbers are in the range 65,71-76,75 and Froude numbers 1,96x10-4-2,29x10-4. This shows the Reynolds number and the Froude number will get bigger as the value of the CDF and still matches the design criteria of the laminar.Keywords: The CDF sedimentation, Efficiency, and Turbidity.
本研究采用了一种新的方法来去除沉降装置原水的浊度,即CDF沉降,该方法是利用池底漏槽的工作原理。试验在240 L/h的实验室规模反应器上进行,由瀑布式混凝装置5秒,明矾作为混凝剂,持续6小时。滞留时间30分钟的多孔壁絮凝装置和1小时的CDF沉降装置。在浊度为75.25 NTU的情况下,CDF分别为0%、1%、3%、5% 4种变化。结果表明,CDF值越大,浊度降低越明显。在CDF值为5%时,浊度去除率最高,效率为91.09%,相关值为- 0.927,显著性值为0 000 < 0.05。在雷诺数为65、71 ~ 76、75、Froude数为1、96 × 10-4、29 × 10-4的沉积单元中,CDF值对雷诺数和Froude数有影响。这表明雷诺数和弗劳德数随着CDF值的增大而增大,但仍符合层流的设计准则。关键词:CDF沉降效率浊度
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引用次数: 3
CNN-SICE Learner Based Image Contrast Enhancement 基于CNN-SICE学习器的图像对比度增强
Pub Date : 2020-06-25 DOI: 10.30954/2322-0465.1.2020.6
Pooja Patel
Producing the natural scene with good contrast, vivid color and rich details is an essential goal of digital photography. The acquired images, however, are often under-exposed or over-exposed because of poor lighting conditions and the limited dynamic range of imaging device. Contrast enhancement is thus an important step to improve the quality of recorded images and make the image details more visible. Many research work have been done for image enhancement. In this paper, different techniques and algorithms using machine learning approach are studied and Block based CNN Learner is designed for contrast enhancement.
产生具有良好的对比度,生动的色彩和丰富的细节的自然场景是数码摄影的基本目标。然而,由于光照条件差和成像设备的动态范围有限,所获得的图像往往曝光不足或曝光过度。因此,对比度增强是提高记录图像质量和使图像细节更清晰的重要步骤。在图像增强方面已经做了很多研究工作。本文研究了使用机器学习方法的不同技术和算法,并设计了基于块的CNN学习者用于对比度增强。
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引用次数: 0
Development and performance evaluation of a low-cost motorised wooden maize sheller 低成本机动木制玉米脱壳机的研制与性能评价
A. Olorunnisola, Basil E. Ogbu
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引用次数: 0
Pretreatment effect on sun and solar drying of carrot slices 预处理对胡萝卜片日光晒干的影响
TY Tunde Akintunde
Carrot slices pretreated (water and steam blanching, addition of ascorbic acid) and untreated carrot were dried in the sun and in a solar dryer. The drying time for pretreated carrot slices was shorter than untreated. Four mathematical models were fitted to the experimental data. Results obtained from regression analysis of experimental data shows that the Page model represents drying characteristics better than other models. The effective moisture diffusivity values ranged from 2.91 x 10-10 m2s-1 to 3.74 x 10-10 m 2 s -1 and 3.32 x 10-10 m 2 s -1 to 5.01 x 10-10 m 2 s -1 for samples dried in sun and solar respectively. Keywords: Sun-drying; Solar-drying; Modelling Journal of Applied Science, Engineering and Technology , 7 Volume 10
胡萝卜片预处理(水和蒸汽焯水,加入抗坏血酸)和未经处理的胡萝卜在太阳和太阳能烘干机中干燥。预处理胡萝卜片的干燥时间比未处理的短。对实验数据进行了四种数学模型拟合。实验数据的回归分析结果表明,Page模型较好地反映了干燥特性。在日光和日光下干燥的样品,有效水分扩散系数分别为2.91 × 10-10 m2s-1至3.74 × 10-10 m2s-1和3.32 × 10-10 m2s-1至5.01 × 10-10 m2s-1。关键词:日晒法;太阳能干燥;建模应用科学,工程与技术,7卷10
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引用次数: 10
Tillage Effects on Maize Performance and Physical Properties of a Sandy Soil 耕作对沙质土壤玉米生产性能及物理特性的影响
Pub Date : 2009-05-15 DOI: 10.4314/JASET.V7I1.42720
I. Ahaneku, A. Onwualu
The effects of six tillage methods on soil physical properties maize (Zea mays L.) germination, growth and yield were evaluated in field experiments during 1995 and 1996 cropping seasons. The selected treatments represented both conventional and conservation tillage practices common within the study area. The soil quality parameters analysed included moisture content, bulk density, porosity, shear strength and cone index. Results showed significant (P Key words: Soil tillage, Soil quality, maize performance
1995年和1996年两季,通过田间试验,评价了6种耕作方式对玉米(Zea mays L.)土壤物理性质、发芽、生长和产量的影响。所选处理既代表了研究区内常见的常规耕作方式,也代表了保护性耕作方式。分析的土壤质量参数包括含水率、容重、孔隙率、抗剪强度和锥指数。关键词:土壤耕作,土壤质量,玉米生产性能
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引用次数: 2
Compatibility of Calamus deerratus and Lacosperma secundiflorum Rattan Particles with Ordinary Portland Cement 菖蒲、二恶莲藤颗粒与普通硅酸盐水泥的相容性研究
Pub Date : 2009-05-15 DOI: 10.4314/JASET.V7I1.42721
O. Adefisan, A. Olorunnisola
An investigation was conducted to determine the optimum water to cement ratio for a locally manufactured Portland cement for use in wood composites. The effects of pre-processing and calcium chloride (CaCl2) on the compatibility of two rattan canes (Calamus deerratus and Lacosperma secundiflorum) with cement were also assessed using the compatibility factor (CA) approach. An optimum water: cement ratio of 0.45 was obtained. Generally the two rattan species were compatible with cement. The CA factors increased with increasing levels of CaCl2 concentration (65.2% to 101.5% for C. deerratus and 71.2% to 103.5% for L. secundiflorum at 0 to 3% concentrations). Removal of the silified epidermis (pre-processing) had more significant effect (P ≤ 0.05) on the compatibility of C. deerratus with cement than in the L. secundiflorum species. Also, the particles of the Lacosperma species were more compatible with cement than those of the Calamus species probably due to the anatomy and other variations in the two species. Keywords: Rattan, Calcium chloride, cement compatibility
进行了一项调查,以确定最佳水灰比为当地生产的波特兰水泥用于木材复合材料。采用相容性因子法(CA)评价了预处理和氯化钙(CaCl2)对两种藤(菖蒲和Lacosperma secundiflorum)与水泥相容性的影响。最佳水灰比为0.45。两种藤本植物与水泥的相容性较好。CA因子随CaCl2浓度的增加而增加(0 ~ 3%浓度下,黑松草的CA因子为65.2% ~ 101.5%,次花莲的CA因子为71.2% ~ 103.5%)。去除硅化表皮(预处理)对木犀草与水泥相容性的影响显著(P≤0.05)。此外,由于解剖结构和其他方面的差异,Lacosperma物种的颗粒比Calamus物种的颗粒更能与水泥相容。关键词:藤,氯化钙,水泥相容性
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引用次数: 4
A Survey of Face Recognition Technique 人脸识别技术综述
Pub Date : 2009-05-15 DOI: 10.4314/JASET.V7I1.42722
E. Omidiora, O. Fakolujo, R. O. Ayeni, Tm Ajila
A review of face recognition techniques has been carried out. Face recognition has been an attractive field in the society of both biological and computer vision of research. It exhibits the characteristics of being natural and low-intrusive. In this paper, an updated survey of techniques for face recognition is made. Methods of face recognition, such as, geometric, statistical and neu-ral networks approaches are presented and analyzed. The comparative performance of the vari-ous approaches is discussed. Keywords : Face recognition, Multilayer Perceptron, Statistical Approaches, Neural Network Approaches, Geometric Approaches, Biometric methods
对人脸识别技术进行了回顾。人脸识别一直是生物和计算机视觉领域的研究热点。它具有自然、低侵入性的特点。本文对人脸识别技术的最新进展进行了综述。对几何、统计和神经网络等人脸识别方法进行了介绍和分析。讨论了各种方法的比较性能。关键词:人脸识别,多层感知器,统计方法,神经网络方法,几何方法,生物识别方法
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引用次数: 10
期刊
Andalasian International Journal of Applied Science, Engineering and Technology
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