Topological photonic crystals are innovative optical structures that leverage topological phases to achieve robust photonic bandgaps, exhibiting immunity to structural imperfections and disorder. However, a significant challenge in conventional topological photonic crystal designs has been the difficulty in precisely controlling the position of the transmission peak. To address this limitation, we present a modified topological photonic crystal composed of alternating (hbox {SiO}_2) and (hbox {TiO}_2) layers. This design incorporates a synergistic approach that integrates the transfer matrix method, quarter-wavelength thickness design principles, and iterative optimization of layer parameters to ensure precise wavelength alignment and enhanced spectral control. The proposed modified topological photonic crystal demonstrates superior performance, including wider photonic bandgaps, moderate transmission efficiency, and improved resistance to structural defects.
Top panel: Schematic diagrams of the proposed structure without modification (top) and with modification (bottom), together with the transmission spectra for the symmetric (red) and topological (blue) structures. Bottom panel: Transmission spectra (blue line), average transmission over perturbation (red line), and mean square error (gray shaded region) for the symmetric structure (left), topological structure (middle), and modified topological structure (right).
{"title":"Modified topological photonic crystal","authors":"Abhradeep Basu, Archita Nath, Suhani Das, Arya Pandey, Aksh Agrawal, Parth Hooda, Chittaranjan Nayak","doi":"10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-01079-7","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-01079-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Topological photonic crystals are innovative optical structures that leverage topological phases to achieve robust photonic bandgaps, exhibiting immunity to structural imperfections and disorder. However, a significant challenge in conventional topological photonic crystal designs has been the difficulty in precisely controlling the position of the transmission peak. To address this limitation, we present a modified topological photonic crystal composed of alternating <span>(hbox {SiO}_2)</span> and <span>(hbox {TiO}_2)</span> layers. This design incorporates a synergistic approach that integrates the transfer matrix method, quarter-wavelength thickness design principles, and iterative optimization of layer parameters to ensure precise wavelength alignment and enhanced spectral control. The proposed modified topological photonic crystal demonstrates superior performance, including wider photonic bandgaps, moderate transmission efficiency, and improved resistance to structural defects.</p><p>Top panel: Schematic diagrams of the proposed structure without modification (top) and with modification (bottom), together with the transmission spectra for the symmetric (red) and topological (blue) structures. Bottom panel: Transmission spectra (blue line), average transmission over perturbation (red line), and mean square error (gray shaded region) for the symmetric structure (left), topological structure (middle), and modified topological structure (right).</p>","PeriodicalId":789,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal D","volume":"79 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145456302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-05DOI: 10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-01090-y
Serhat F. Özeren
In this study, we investigate the classical and quantum dynamics of a harmonic oscillator with a mass that increases over time and asymptotically approaches a finite limit. The mass evolution is modeled by a logistic-type growth law, which leads to the disappearance of the effective damping in the longtime limit. Two scenarios are considered: (i) the case of a constant spring constant, corresponding to a parametric oscillator with decreasing frequency, and (ii) the case of a constant natural frequency, where the stiffness increases proportionally with the mass. In the classical regime, we derive the exact equations of motion, analyze phase-space trajectories, and examine the time evolution of the total energy. In both cases, as (t to infty), the oscillator approaches a stable periodic motion with constant energy. In the quantum regime, we employ the SU(1,1) coherent state formalism to obtain semiclassical equations of motion and compare them with the classical results. The analytical results obtained are supported by numerical simulations.
Graphical abstract
The graphical abstract illustrates how the equilibrium energy point shifts as a function of the mass change rate n
在本研究中，我们研究了质量随时间增加并渐近接近有限极限的谐振子的经典和量子动力学。质量演化模型采用logistic型增长规律，导致有效阻尼在长期极限下消失。考虑了两种情况：(i)恒定的弹簧常数的情况，对应于频率降低的参数振荡器；（ii）恒定的固有频率的情况，其中刚度与质量成比例地增加。在经典状态下，我们推导了精确的运动方程，分析了相空间轨迹，并研究了总能量的时间演化。在这两种情况下，(t to infty)，振荡器接近稳定的周期运动与恒定的能量。在量子状态下，我们采用SU（1,1）相干态形式得到了半经典运动方程，并与经典结果进行了比较。数值模拟结果支持了分析结果。图解摘要说明了平衡能量点如何随质量变化率n的变化而变化
{"title":"Time-dependent oscillators with asymptotically increasing mass: classical and coherent state dynamics","authors":"Serhat F. Özeren","doi":"10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-01090-y","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-01090-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, we investigate the classical and quantum dynamics of a harmonic oscillator with a mass that increases over time and asymptotically approaches a finite limit. The mass evolution is modeled by a logistic-type growth law, which leads to the disappearance of the effective damping in the longtime limit. Two scenarios are considered: (i) the case of a constant spring constant, corresponding to a parametric oscillator with decreasing frequency, and (ii) the case of a constant natural frequency, where the stiffness increases proportionally with the mass. In the classical regime, we derive the exact equations of motion, analyze phase-space trajectories, and examine the time evolution of the total energy. In both cases, as <span>(t to infty)</span>, the oscillator approaches a stable periodic motion with constant energy. In the quantum regime, we employ the SU(1,1) coherent state formalism to obtain semiclassical equations of motion and compare them with the classical results. The analytical results obtained are supported by numerical simulations.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div><div><p>The graphical abstract illustrates how the equilibrium energy point shifts as a function of the mass change rate <i>n</i></p></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":789,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal D","volume":"79 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145456240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-04DOI: 10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-01085-9
Hassnain Khalil, Boyuan Han, Shamoon Al Islam, M. Umar Majeed, Wenhan Gao, Yuzhu Liu
Nitrobenzene is a poisonous and harmful industrial pollutant with high environmental persistence. Traditional degradation methods often result in toxic intermediates or incomplete degradation. In this study, physical and dissociation properties of nitrobenzene under an external electric field (EEF) were investigated using density functional theory (DFT) calculations combined with experimental Raman and infrared (IR) spectroscopic validation. Calculations were performed using B3LYP/6-311G + + (2d, p) basis set, focusing on changes in bond lengths, dipole moments, total energy, and frontier molecular orbitals under EEFs range from 0 to 15.43 V nm−1. Results revealed C–N bond contraction, an increase in dipole moment, and a reduction in total energy with increasing EEF, suggesting enhanced molecular instability. Raman spectral analysis exhibited symmetry reduction and emergence of new characteristic peaks, while IR spectra showed significant redshifts in C–N and N = O stretching modes. Tunneling effect was observed affecting IR regions of vibration modes. Potential energy surface (PES) scans confirmed a decreasing dissociation barrier, which declines significantly at 28.56 V nm−1. Linear fitting indicated that complete C–N bond dissociation occurs at approximately 110.50 V nm−1. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of EEF-induced degradation of nitrobenzene, providing a promising alternative to conventional treatment methods.
Graphical Abstract
Dissociation of nitrobenzene under influence of an external electric field
硝基苯是一种具有高环境持久性的有毒有害工业污染物。传统的降解方法往往导致有毒的中间体或不完全降解。本文采用密度泛函理论（DFT）计算，结合实验拉曼光谱和红外光谱验证，研究了硝基苯在外加电场（EEF）作用下的物理和解离性质。采用B3LYP/6- 311g++ (2d, p)基集进行计算，重点计算了0 ~ 15.43 V nm−1 EEFs作用下键长、偶极矩、总能量和前沿分子轨道的变化。结果表明，随着EEF的增加，C-N键收缩，偶极矩增加，总能量降低，表明分子不稳定性增强。拉曼光谱分析显示出对称性降低和新的特征峰的出现，而红外光谱在C-N和N = O拉伸模式下显示出明显的红移。隧道效应影响了振动模态的红外区。势能表面（PES）扫描证实解离势垒降低，在28.56 V nm−1处显著降低。线性拟合表明，C-N键在110.50 V nm−1左右发生完全解离。这些发现证明了eef诱导硝基苯降解的可行性，为传统的处理方法提供了一种有希望的替代方法。图示：外电场作用下硝基苯的解离
{"title":"Study on the influence of external electric field on the physical and dissociation properties of nitrobenzene","authors":"Hassnain Khalil, Boyuan Han, Shamoon Al Islam, M. Umar Majeed, Wenhan Gao, Yuzhu Liu","doi":"10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-01085-9","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-01085-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nitrobenzene is a poisonous and harmful industrial pollutant with high environmental persistence. Traditional degradation methods often result in toxic intermediates or incomplete degradation. In this study, physical and dissociation properties of nitrobenzene under an external electric field (EEF) were investigated using density functional theory (DFT) calculations combined with experimental Raman and infrared (IR) spectroscopic validation. Calculations were performed using B3LYP/6-311G + + (2d, p) basis set, focusing on changes in bond lengths, dipole moments, total energy, and frontier molecular orbitals under EEFs range from 0 to 15.43 V nm<sup>−1</sup>. Results revealed C–N bond contraction, an increase in dipole moment, and a reduction in total energy with increasing EEF, suggesting enhanced molecular instability. Raman spectral analysis exhibited symmetry reduction and emergence of new characteristic peaks, while IR spectra showed significant redshifts in C–N and N = O stretching modes. Tunneling effect was observed affecting IR regions of vibration modes. Potential energy surface (PES) scans confirmed a decreasing dissociation barrier, which declines significantly at 28.56 V nm<sup>−1</sup>. Linear fitting indicated that complete C–N bond dissociation occurs at approximately 110.50 V nm<sup>−1</sup>. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of EEF-induced degradation of nitrobenzene, providing a promising alternative to conventional treatment methods.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div><div><p>Dissociation of nitrobenzene under influence of an external electric field</p></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":789,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal D","volume":"79 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145456569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-04DOI: 10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-01089-5
Zhanli Cao, Yuxin Gao, Han Meng, Minggang Guo, Yingying Fang
The equation-of-motion coupled-cluster (EOM-CC) methods with spin–orbit coupling (SOC) are employed to investigate the low-lying states of I₂⁺ and At₂⁺, where equilibrium bond lengths, harmonic frequencies, vertical electron affinities, adiabatic electron affinities, and adiabatic excitation energies are calculated. Two approximate methods expanded based on EOM-CC method, named EOM-CC(a) and EOM-CC(b), were introduced in order to reduce the computational effort of ionization potentials (IPs) and electron affinities (EAs) from N6 to N5 without significantly sacrificing the accuracy, where N represents the system size. The results indicate that the SOC is more important for the study of heavier open-shell systems. The spectral constants and electronic structural properties of I₂⁺ and At₂⁺ can be calculated well by the EOM-CCSD method with spin–orbit coupling (SOC). It is worth noting that, in the calculation with approximate methods, compared with EOM-CC method, the cost-effective EOM-CC(b) provides satisfactory accuracy in electronic structure calculations for heavier element systems.
{"title":"Study on low-lying states of I₂⁺ and At₂⁺ with equation-of-motion coupled-cluster methods","authors":"Zhanli Cao, Yuxin Gao, Han Meng, Minggang Guo, Yingying Fang","doi":"10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-01089-5","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-01089-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The equation-of-motion coupled-cluster (EOM-CC) methods with spin–orbit coupling (SOC) are employed to investigate the low-lying states of I₂⁺ and At₂⁺, where equilibrium bond lengths, harmonic frequencies, vertical electron affinities, adiabatic electron affinities, and adiabatic excitation energies are calculated. Two approximate methods expanded based on EOM-CC method, named EOM-CC(a) and EOM-CC(b), were introduced in order to reduce the computational effort of ionization potentials (IPs) and electron affinities (EAs) from N<sup>6</sup> to N<sup>5</sup> without significantly sacrificing the accuracy, where N represents the system size. The results indicate that the SOC is more important for the study of heavier open-shell systems. The spectral constants and electronic structural properties of I₂⁺ and At₂⁺ can be calculated well by the EOM-CCSD method with spin–orbit coupling (SOC). It is worth noting that, in the calculation with approximate methods, compared with EOM-CC method, the cost-effective EOM-CC(b) provides satisfactory accuracy in electronic structure calculations for heavier element systems.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":789,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal D","volume":"79 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145456568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-01080-0
Rohit Mukherjee, Rohit Hazra, Nitu Borgohain
In this article, we present an alternative excitation scheme for the study of optical responses of the probe field in a five-level semiconductor coupled quantum wells (CQWs). It is shown that in the linear case, our study reveals the formation of double and triple electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) windows for the suitable values of Rabi-frequency of the control fields, while the linear dispersion is also tuned from anomalous to normal and vice versa within small range of detuning. Interestingly, a suitable adjustment of the values of the control field detunings results in an exhibition of asymmetric absorption-transparency behavior. In addition, we also found that due to quantum coherence, nonlinear dispersion, specifically Kerr nonlinearity is dramatically enhanced with nearly vanishing linear and nonlinear absorptions under EIT. The Kerr nonlinearity in the present scheme is identified to be very large ((sim 10^{ - 13} m^{2} V^{ - 2})) in the mid IR range ((lambda_{p} = 4.74 mu m)), which can be very useful for the investigation of several nonlinear phenomena at low light intensity in CQWs. The results of the investigations may have potential applications in optical switching devices at low powers and many more in solid-state laser-based systems.
{"title":"Adjustable triple electromagnetically induced transparency and Kerr nonlinearity in five-level coupled quantum wells","authors":"Rohit Mukherjee, Rohit Hazra, Nitu Borgohain","doi":"10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-01080-0","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-01080-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this article, we present an alternative excitation scheme for the study of optical responses of the probe field in a five-level semiconductor coupled quantum wells (CQWs). It is shown that in the linear case, our study reveals the formation of double and triple electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) windows for the suitable values of Rabi-frequency of the control fields, while the linear dispersion is also tuned from anomalous to normal and vice versa within small range of detuning. Interestingly, a suitable adjustment of the values of the control field detunings results in an exhibition of asymmetric absorption-transparency behavior. In addition, we also found that due to quantum coherence, nonlinear dispersion, specifically Kerr nonlinearity is dramatically enhanced with nearly vanishing linear and nonlinear absorptions under EIT. The Kerr nonlinearity in the present scheme is identified to be very large (<span>(sim 10^{ - 13} m^{2} V^{ - 2})</span>) in the mid IR range (<span>(lambda_{p} = 4.74 mu m)</span>), which can be very useful for the investigation of several nonlinear phenomena at low light intensity in CQWs. The results of the investigations may have potential applications in optical switching devices at low powers and many more in solid-state laser-based systems.</p><h3>Graphic abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":789,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal D","volume":"79 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145405558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-01087-7
D. Habibović, A. Čerkić, D. B. Milošević
We perform a systematic study of the electron momentum distribution symmetry properties in electron–atom scattering assisted by an orthogonally polarized two-color laser field. We show that the dynamical symmetry of the field is imprinted onto the electron momentum distribution. In addition to the direct electron scattering off the atom, which we call the single scattering, we consider the case of rescattering where the laser field-driven electron returns and rescatters off the atom. We pay a particular attention to the role of the relative phase between the laser field components. In the single-scattering case, we identify additional symmetry properties arising from the laser field configuration. Furthermore, using the stationary phase method we derived energy conservation conditions, both for single scattering and for the rescattering. With the aid of these conditions, we assess the position of the cutoff electron energy and investigate its dependence of the laser field parameters. Our results demonstrate that the laser field parameters allow independent control of the single-scattering and rescattering plateaus. For some configurations, the rescattering plateau extends to significantly higher energies than for the single scattering.
Electron momentum distributions in the final momentum plane for (a,b) linearly polarized, (c,d) (omega )–(2omega ), and (e,f) (2omega )–(omega ) OTC fields with equal component intensities and relative phase (phi = 0^circ ). Initial energies: (E_{text {i}} = 0) eV (a,c,e) and 10 eV (b,d,f)
{"title":"Laser-assisted electron–atom scattering in an orthogonally polarized two-color laser field","authors":"D. Habibović, A. Čerkić, D. B. Milošević","doi":"10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-01087-7","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-01087-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We perform a systematic study of the electron momentum distribution symmetry properties in electron–atom scattering assisted by an orthogonally polarized two-color laser field. We show that the dynamical symmetry of the field is imprinted onto the electron momentum distribution. In addition to the direct electron scattering off the atom, which we call the single scattering, we consider the case of rescattering where the laser field-driven electron returns and rescatters off the atom. We pay a particular attention to the role of the relative phase between the laser field components. In the single-scattering case, we identify additional symmetry properties arising from the laser field configuration. Furthermore, using the stationary phase method we derived energy conservation conditions, both for single scattering and for the rescattering. With the aid of these conditions, we assess the position of the cutoff electron energy and investigate its dependence of the laser field parameters. Our results demonstrate that the laser field parameters allow independent control of the single-scattering and rescattering plateaus. For some configurations, the rescattering plateau extends to significantly higher energies than for the single scattering.\u0000</p><p>Electron momentum distributions in the final momentum plane for (a,b) linearly polarized, (c,d) <span>(omega )</span>–<span>(2omega )</span>, and (e,f) <span>(2omega )</span>–<span>(omega )</span> OTC fields with equal component intensities and relative phase <span>(phi = 0^circ )</span>. Initial energies: <span>(E_{text {i}} = 0)</span> eV (a,c,e) and 10 eV (b,d,f)</p>","PeriodicalId":789,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal D","volume":"79 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145456533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-01055-1
A.-H. Abdel-Aty, D. R. K. Massembele, P. Djorwé, A. N. Al-Ahmadi, K. S. Nisar
We propose a scheme to enhance quantum entanglement in an optomechanical system consisting of two mechanically coupled mechanical resonators, which are driven by a common electromagnetic field. Each mechanical resonator is linearly and quadratically coupled to the electromagnetic field. Moreover, the mechanical coupling between the resonators is modulated through a given phase that allows interference control in our structure. By tuning this phase, our system exhibits interference like-structure which is reminiscent of bright and dark mode features. The breaking of the dark mode via the phase adjustment leads to an entanglement generation, which is greatly enhanced through the quadratic coupling. Furthermore, the generated entanglement is robust enough against thermal noise and this resilience is improved when the quadratic coupling is accounted. Our work provides a way to enhance quantum entanglement via quadratic coupling which is assisted by interference control. Such quantum resources can be useful for quantum information processing, quantum computing, and other numerous quantum tasks.
{"title":"Quadratically enhancing optomechanical entanglement via dark mode control","authors":"A.-H. Abdel-Aty, D. R. K. Massembele, P. Djorwé, A. N. Al-Ahmadi, K. S. Nisar","doi":"10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-01055-1","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-01055-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We propose a scheme to enhance quantum entanglement in an optomechanical system consisting of two mechanically coupled mechanical resonators, which are driven by a common electromagnetic field. Each mechanical resonator is linearly and quadratically coupled to the electromagnetic field. Moreover, the mechanical coupling between the resonators is modulated through a given phase that allows interference control in our structure. By tuning this phase, our system exhibits interference like-structure which is reminiscent of bright and dark mode features. The breaking of the dark mode via the phase adjustment leads to an entanglement generation, which is greatly enhanced through the quadratic coupling. Furthermore, the generated entanglement is robust enough against thermal noise and this resilience is improved when the quadratic coupling is accounted. Our work provides a way to enhance quantum entanglement via quadratic coupling which is assisted by interference control. Such quantum resources can be useful for quantum information processing, quantum computing, and other numerous quantum tasks.\u0000</p>","PeriodicalId":789,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal D","volume":"79 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145405559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-28DOI: 10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-01083-x
A. P. Chaynikov, A. G. Kochur, A. I. Dudenko
A cascade decay of the 3s vacancy in the platinum atom is simulated using the Monte Carlo method and the method of construction and analysis of the decay trees. Final ion yields, mean final ion charge, photon and electron spectra of the cascade are calculated. In both simulations, Pauli–Fock-based branching ratios were used, and the multiplet splitting of many-vacancy cascade configurations was taken into account. The convergence of the results of the two methods is studied upon the increase in the accuracy of simulations. It is shown that both methods produce the same results if the same atomic data and similar approximations for calculating the branching ratios and transitions energies are used.
{"title":"Cascade decay of the 3s vacancy in atomic platinum: Monte Carlo simulation versus construction and analysis of decay trees in theoretical description of vacancy cascades","authors":"A. P. Chaynikov, A. G. Kochur, A. I. Dudenko","doi":"10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-01083-x","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-01083-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A cascade decay of the 3s vacancy in the platinum atom is simulated using the Monte Carlo method and the method of construction and analysis of the decay trees. Final ion yields, mean final ion charge, photon and electron spectra of the cascade are calculated. In both simulations, Pauli–Fock-based branching ratios were used, and the multiplet splitting of many-vacancy cascade configurations was taken into account. The convergence of the results of the two methods is studied upon the increase in the accuracy of simulations. It is shown that both methods produce the same results if the same atomic data and similar approximations for calculating the branching ratios and transitions energies are used.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":789,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal D","volume":"79 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145405541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-27DOI: 10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-01081-z
Faith G. Pritchard, Dominik Habiger, Marnik Metting van Rijn, Juraj Fedor, Jan R. R. Verlet
The interaction of molecules with slow electrons can lead to profound chemical changes. So far, experimental probing of such interactions has been possible only with target systems in vacuum or in high energy environments where a range of processes and by-products can interfere with the electron-induced processes (e.g. in plasmas). Here, we demonstrate a method to cleanly deposit low-energy electrons onto an ambient water–air interface, with sufficient efficiency that its chemistry might be measured. Electrons are produced via the photoelectric effect at a photocathode and are driven onto an ambient water–air surface, to an anode. In traditional dissociation attachment experiments, high energy (> 10's eV) electrons excite water and oxygen molecules, leading to the detachment of secondary electrons. Monte Carlo simulations with homogeneous fields reveal that even with voltages tenfold of those used here, electrons > 2 eV are highly unlikely. This regime is similar to that of secondary electrons in traditional dissociative attachment experiments, which are those responsible for the observed electron-initiated chemistry. We follow the electron-initiated chemistry over time with a terephthalic acid dosimeter, which allows us to detect the presence of reactive products (OH•, e(aq)–) using in-situ fluorescence spectroscopy.
Graphical abstract
Electrons are injected into an aqueous solution using photoemission from an electrode and products monitored using a dosimeter
{"title":"Electron-initiated chemistry at the ambient water/air interface","authors":"Faith G. Pritchard, Dominik Habiger, Marnik Metting van Rijn, Juraj Fedor, Jan R. R. Verlet","doi":"10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-01081-z","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-01081-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The interaction of molecules with slow electrons can lead to profound chemical changes. So far, experimental probing of such interactions has been possible only with target systems in vacuum or in high energy environments where a range of processes and by-products can interfere with the electron-induced processes (e.g. in plasmas). Here, we demonstrate a method to cleanly deposit low-energy electrons onto an ambient water–air interface, with sufficient efficiency that its chemistry might be measured. Electrons are produced via the photoelectric effect at a photocathode and are driven onto an ambient water–air surface, to an anode. In traditional dissociation attachment experiments, high energy (> 10's eV) electrons excite water and oxygen molecules, leading to the detachment of secondary electrons. Monte Carlo simulations with homogeneous fields reveal that even with voltages tenfold of those used here, electrons > 2 eV are highly unlikely. This regime is similar to that of secondary electrons in traditional dissociative attachment experiments, which are those responsible for the observed electron-initiated chemistry. We follow the electron-initiated chemistry over time with a terephthalic acid dosimeter, which allows us to detect the presence of reactive products (OH•, e<sub>(aq)</sub><sup>–</sup>) using in-situ fluorescence spectroscopy.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div><div><p>Electrons are injected into an aqueous solution using photoemission from an electrode and products monitored using a dosimeter</p></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":789,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal D","volume":"79 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-01081-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145405575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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